阅读说明：本技术 一种养殖水体底部环境改良剂及其制备方法 (Aquaculture water body bottom environment improver and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李忙忙 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种养殖水体底部环境改良剂及其制备方法,所述改良剂按质量占比包括：水体氧化剂50-80％,聚天冬氨酸5-15％、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸5-20％、沸石粉10-20％,所述水体氧化剂包括过一硫酸氢钾复合盐50-65wt％、高碘酸铁35-50wt％。本发明所述改良剂对养殖水体底部环境改善和修复作用显著,选用的辅剂安全无公害,并具有一定的缓释作用,提升水体改良的作用时间。(The invention discloses an aquaculture water bottom environment modifier and a preparation method thereof, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-80% of water body oxidant, 5-15% of polyaspartic acid, 5-20% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10-20% of zeolite powder, wherein the water body oxidant comprises 50-65 wt% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and 35-50 wt% of ferric periodate. The modifier has obvious effects of improving and repairing the environment at the bottom of the aquaculture water body, and the selected auxiliary agents are safe and pollution-free and have a certain slow release effect, so that the action time of water body improvement is prolonged.)

1. The bottom environment improver for the aquaculture water body is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 50-80% of water body oxidant, 5-15% of polyaspartic acid, 5-20% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10-20% of zeolite powder.

2. Improver as in claim 1, wherein said aqueous oxidizing agent comprises 50 to 65% by weight of potassium monopersulfate complex salt and 35 to 50% by weight of ferric periodate.

3. Improver as in claim 2, wherein said aqueous oxidizing agent comprises 60% by weight of potassium monopersulfate complex salt and 40% by weight of ferric periodate.

4. The improver according to claim 1, wherein the improver comprises 60% of the water body oxidant, 10% of polyaspartic acid, 15% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 15% of zeolite powder by mass.

5. The method for preparing the improver according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

adding water into zeolite powder, pulping, and adding a crushed water body oxidant in the pulping process;

mixing and dissolving polyaspartic acid and polylactic acid-glycolic acid, and preparing colloid;

and mixing the pulping liquid with the colloid, homogenizing, drying and crushing to obtain the modifier.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the water body oxidant is crushed to 100-300 mesh.

7. The production method according to claim 6, characterized in that the fineness of the zeolite powder is 50-100 mesh.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an aquaculture water bottom environment modifying agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Fresh water culture accounts for more than half of the world total amount in China, and with the continuous increase of aquaculture yield, a plurality of varieties and high-density culture modes cause great pollution to culture environments, particularly to culture water body bottom environments. The residual feed and excrement of the aquaculture animals are accumulated to the bottom of the water body, the dead corpses of algae and aquatic animals and plants are deposited at the bottom of the aquaculture water body, and organic fertilizers at the bottom are more and more. The decomposition of the organic matters consumes dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water body, and various harmful bacteria, parasites and the like can be bred, so that the original ecological balance of the aquaculture water body is seriously damaged, and the normal growth of aquaculture animals is influenced. Therefore, the preparation which can improve the bottom environment of the aquaculture water is an important method and way for building a good aquaculture water environment and promoting the growth and development of aquaculture animals.

At present, the bottom environment modifying agent for aquaculture mainly comprises three types: the first is that the absorptive substrate modifier (such as sodium humate, active carbon, zeolite powder, aluminum ferric sulfate, etc.) absorbs harmful substances at the bottom of the culture water body through pores on the molecular structure of the absorbent substrate modifier so as to prevent the harmful substances from consuming oxygen at the bottom and releasing toxin, thereby reducing the harm to the cultured animals. The second is a biological substrate modifier, which gradually degrades and converts organic matters by means of the growth and reproduction of microorganisms (such as bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis and the like) in culture water bottom and finally decomposes the organic matters into nutrient substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrate, sulfate and the like for algae utilization, the biological substrate modifier has no residue and no toxic effect, but the problems of preservation and activation of strains, excessively slow effect and the like prevent the popularization of the products. The third is a substrate modifier which takes oxygenizers such as sodium percarbonate, calcium peroxide and the like as main components, can quickly increase the dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the aquaculture water body, and relieve the problems caused by toxic and harmful substances (such as nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, pesticides, algal toxins and the like), but can only temporarily relieve the anoxic state at the bottom and can not completely decompose the harmful substances. In addition, a large amount of excessive metal ions, higher BOD and COD exist at the bottom of part of water body, the effect of the existing environment modifying agent is not obvious, and the effect is obviously reduced after a longer storage period.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an aquaculture water bottom environment modifier and a preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aquaculture water bottom environment modifying agent and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve at least one of the problems described in the prior art.

The invention aims to provide an aquaculture water bottom environment modifying agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-80% of water body oxidant, 5-15% of polyaspartic acid, 5-20% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10-20% of zeolite powder.

Further, the water body oxidant comprises 50-65 wt% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and 35-50 wt% of ferric periodate. Preferably, the water body oxidant comprises 60 wt% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and 40 wt% of ferric periodate.

Further, the modifier comprises, by mass, 60% of a water body oxidant, 10% of polyaspartic acid, 15% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 15% of zeolite powder.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the modifier, which comprises the following steps: adding water into zeolite powder, pulping, and adding a crushed water body oxidant in the pulping process; mixing and dissolving polyaspartic acid and polylactic acid-glycolic acid, and preparing colloid; and mixing the pulping liquid with the colloid, homogenizing, drying and crushing to obtain the modifier.

Further, the water body oxidant is crushed to be 100-300 meshes. Further, the fineness of the zeolite powder is 50-100 meshes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the water body bottom environment modifier provided by the invention has a remarkable effect, can quickly oxidize organic substances in bottom mud, can obviously improve and repair water bodies, and reduces the content of harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water bodies; the deodorant can quickly deodorize and improve the phenomena of dark green, turbidity and the like of a water body; in addition, the dissolved oxygen amount of the bottom water body can be effectively increased, and the food intake is promoted.

2. The water body modifying agent provided by the invention has strong adsorption effect, can effectively chelate metal ions, and reduces the content of heavy metal ions in water.

3. The water body modifying agent provided by the invention selects the degradable auxiliary agent, is safe and pollution-free, has a certain slow release effect, and improves the action time of water body modification.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The invention provides an aquaculture water bottom environment modifying agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-80% of water body oxidant, 5-15% of polyaspartic acid, 5-20% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10-20% of zeolite powder. Preferably, the modifying agent comprises, by mass, 60% of a water body oxidizing agent, 10% of polyaspartic acid, 15% of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 15% of zeolite powder.

The water body oxidant has the functions of generating various high-activity micromolecular free radicals, active oxygen and other derivatives after being dissolved in water, generating chain reaction in the water, continuously generating nascent oxygen and free radicals, and changing the permeability of cell membranes to break through the oxidation effect of the derivatives, thereby achieving the purpose of killing bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses; in addition, the strong oxidizing property can effectively degrade harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like in the water body, so that the phenomena of blackening and smelly bottom mud and the like are repaired. Preferably, the water body oxidant comprises 50-65 wt% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and 35-50 wt% of ferric periodate. Preferably, the water body oxidant comprises 60 wt% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and 40 wt% of ferric periodate.

The preparation method of the aquaculture water bottom environment modifying agent comprises the following steps:

1. weighing the components according to the parts by weight for later use, and crushing potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt and periodic acid iron powder to 100-300 meshes; pulverizing zeolite powder to 50-100 mesh;

2. adding water into zeolite powder for pulping, wherein the water content is 30-50%, and adding a crushed water oxidant in the pulping process;

3. adding water to mix and dissolve the polyaspartic acid and the polylactic acid-glycolic acid and preparing colloid; and mixing the pulping liquid and the colloid, homogenizing, drying at 50-70 ℃, and crushing by a crusher to obtain the modifier.

In the invention, the purpose of respectively crushing the water body oxidant and the zeolite powder is that the water body oxidant and the slurried zeolite powder form a coating layer, a similar core-shell structure is formed by means of larger pore adsorption force of the zeolite powder, and a relatively stable multilayer structure is formed under the wrapping of a polyaspartic acid and polylactic acid-glycolic acid mixed colloid, so that the water body oxidant is prevented from being induced to generate oxidation under extreme conditions and losing efficacy. The outer layers of the polyaspartic acid and the polylactic acid-glycolic acid are gradually dissolved after entering the water body, and the water body oxidant is released, so that the side effect on the improvement effect of the water body bottom is avoided. The polyaspartic acid has strong adsorption effect, can effectively chelate metal ions, and can act on the metal ions under the synergistic oxidation effect so as to reduce the content of harmful or excessive metal ions at the bottom of the water body; the polylactic acid-glycolic acid has a reticular molecular structure, can form a film on the surface, and can play a role in slow release while protecting the water body oxidant.

Example 1

35kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 35kg of ferric periodate, 8kg of polyaspartic acid, 7kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 15kg of zeolite powder.

Example 2

52kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 28kg of ferric periodate, 5kg of polyaspartic acid, 5kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10kg of zeolite powder.

Example 3

30kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 20kg of ferric periodate, 10kg of polyaspartic acid, 20kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 20kg of zeolite powder.

Example 4

35kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 25kg of ferric periodate, 15kg of polyaspartic acid, 10kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 15kg of zeolite powder.

Comparative example 1

52kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 28kg of ferric periodate, 10kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid and 10kg of zeolite powder.

Comparative example 2

52kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 28kg of ferric periodate, 10kg of polyaspartic acid and 10kg of zeolite powder.

Comparative example 3

52kg of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate composite salt, 28kg of ferric periodate, 10kg of polyaspartic acid and 10kg of polylactic acid-glycolic acid.

The modifying agents are prepared according to the preparation method provided by the invention in the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-2, and the modifying agent is obtained in the comparative example 3 by directly adding the water body oxidant powder into the colloid for homogenization, drying and crushing.

Experimental example 1

The pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding base is used in the flood mountainous area of Wuhan city in Hubei province. The area of the culture pond is 10 mu, the water depth is 1.5 m, the transparency of the pond water body is low and is only 13cm in high-temperature seasons (6-8 months), the water color is yellow mud, the bottom mud is black and smelly, and hydrogen sulfide with smelly eggs is continuously discharged from the water body in a gas form; before the substrate modifying agent is used in the aquaculture pond, the water in the pond is taken to measure the heavy metal ion (arsenic is 0.06mg/L, lead is 0.09mg/L, cadmium is 0.07mg/L, mercury is 0.08mg/L), nitrite concentration is 0.56mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration is 0.68mg/L, BOD is 8.15mg/L, COD33.25mg/L and Escherichia coli is 3.62 multiplied by 10 in water⁵The yellow catfish is poor in feeding condition per liter.

The substrate improving agents prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were used for the sampled water bodies (1 m for each sample) of the aquaculture pond³) In the amount of 0.25g/m³. After the water body is used for 1 day, the color of all sample water bodies is obviously changed into yellow green, the odor disappears, and the water bodies are respectively detected to obtain other indexes, and the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1:

as can be readily seen from Table 1, the comparative examples 1 to 3 are significantly inferior to examples 1 to 4 in the effects of improving the heavy metal content and reducing BOD and COD because polyaspartic acid has a strong adsorption effect, can effectively chelate metal ions, and can synergistically act on the metal ions by oxidation to reduce the content of harmful or excessive metal ions at the bottom of the water body; the polylactic acid-glycolic acid has a reticular molecular structure and can also synergistically promote the adsorption effect on organic matters and metal ions; the zeolite powder has a large number of pores on the surface, so that the zeolite powder has adsorption effect on harmful substances at the bottom of water. The effect of the water body modifying agent on metal ions, BOD and COD can be influenced by lack of polyaspartic acid, polylactic acid-glycolic acid and zeolite powder.

Experimental example 2

When the bait is used in a certain micropterus salmoides culture pond, the area is 10 mu, the water depth is 1.8m, and the transparency of the pond water body is low and is only 15cm because of frequent feeding of iced fresh bait fishes; the water is dark green, the substrate is black, and the smell of fish is smelly; the nitrite concentration of 0.7mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0.5mg/L in the water body are measured to be seriously beyond the normal range, the ingestion condition of the micropterus salmoides is poor, and the normal growth is influenced. The substrate improving agents prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 were stored in the dark at room temperature for 30 days, and then used for sampling the water body (1 m for each sample) in the aquaculture pond³) In the amount of 0.25g/m³。

The change conditions of the color, transparency and smell of the water body after 1 day are observed, and the indexes of the water body are respectively detected, and the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1:

it can be easily found from table 1 that the modifying agents of examples 1-4 with different proportions have obvious effect on improving water body. Compared with the comparative examples, the improvement effect is weaker because the coating effect of the comparative examples 1 to 3 on the water body oxidant is weakened, the activity of the water body oxidant is relatively reduced, and the oxidation effect is relatively poorer under the condition that the polyaspartic acid, the polylactic acid-glycolic acid and the zeolite powder are respectively lacked. Therefore, the polyaspartic acid, the polylactic acid-glycolic acid and the zeolite powder are beneficial to forming a coating structure and play a role in protecting the water body oxidant.

While the water body improver has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the description of the embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, and several embodiments may be enumerated within the limits of the scope of the present invention, so that modifications and optimizations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.