阅读说明：本技术 一种道路施工用沥青摊铺控制装置 (Asphalt paving control device for road construction ) 是由 肖继勇 张含 曹春燕 陆强 高大鹏 乔银峰 柴莉 宋武臣 唐志亮 焦英俊 张宇 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及道路施工设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种道路施工用沥青摊铺控制装置,包括螺旋分料器,支撑螺旋分料器的机壳,所述机壳上设置有可旋转的接料盘,形成常态下接料盘沿竖直方向紧贴机壳内壁,使用时接料盘沿水平方向设置承接螺旋分料器落下沥青的结构,所述接料盘上设置有将沥青移出的移料机构,所述机壳外壁上设置有料仓,所述料仓与接料盘之间设置相互连通的料管,所述料仓上设置有与螺旋输送器连通的螺旋送料机构,螺旋送料机构上设置有包裹其外壁的加热机构,解决现有技术沥青摊铺机在铺设道路时遇到窨井盖或者下水道口直接覆盖后不能及时清理带来的工期延误和影响排水系统使用的问题,本发明在沥青摊铺设备生产厂家有良好的前景。(The invention relates to the technical field of road construction equipment, in particular to an asphalt paving control device for road construction, which comprises a spiral distributor and a shell for supporting the spiral distributor, wherein a rotatable receiving disc is arranged on the shell, the receiving disc is tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell along the vertical direction in a normal state, a structure for receiving asphalt falling from the spiral distributor is arranged along the horizontal direction when the asphalt paving control device is used, a material moving mechanism for moving the asphalt out is arranged on the receiving disc, a bin is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, a material pipe which is mutually communicated is arranged between the bin and the receiving disc, a spiral feeding mechanism which is communicated with a spiral conveyor is arranged on the bin, and a heating mechanism for wrapping the outer wall of the spiral feeding mechanism is arranged on the spiral feeding mechanism, so that the problems of construction period delay and influence on the use of a drainage system caused by the fact that an inspection well cover or a sewer opening is directly covered when an asphalt paving machine in the prior art are solved, the invention has good prospect in asphalt paving equipment manufacturers.)

1. The asphalt paving control device for road construction comprises a spiral distributor and a casing (1) supporting the spiral distributor, and is characterized in that a rotatable receiving tray (2) is arranged on the casing (1) to form a normal state in which the receiving tray (2) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the casing (1) along the vertical direction, the receiving tray (2) is horizontally arranged to receive asphalt falling from the spiral distributor during use, a material moving mechanism (7) for moving the asphalt out is arranged on the receiving tray (2), a material bin (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the casing (1), a material pipe (4) communicated with each other is arranged between the material bin (3) and the receiving tray (2), a spiral feeding mechanism (5) communicated with a spiral conveyor is arranged at one end of the material bin (3) far away from the material pipe (4), and a heating mechanism (6) for wrapping the outer wall of the spiral feeding mechanism (5) is arranged on the spiral feeding mechanism (5), the asphalt in the spiral feeding mechanism (5) is heated and then is conveniently conveyed to the spiral conveyor to be reused.

2. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 1, wherein the material receiving tray (2) comprises a base (8) and extending edges (9), the base (8) is of a rectangular box-shaped structure, the extending edges (9) are hinged to two opposite sides of the base (8), adjusting rods (10) are hinged to the base (8), fixing columns (11) matched with the adjusting rods (10) are arranged on the extending edges (9), the fixing columns (11) are provided with a plurality of uniform intervals, and the extending edges (9) form a structure which limits a rotation angle by matching the adjusting rods (10) and the fixing columns (11) so as to expand the asphalt receiving range of the material receiving tray (2).

3. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 1, the shell (1) is provided with a material hole (12) for the material pipe (4) to pass through, an arc-shaped groove is arranged at one end of the material pipe (4) positioned in the shell (1), an arc-shaped end matched with the arc-shaped groove is arranged at one end of the material receiving plate (2) close to the shell (1), the receiving tray (2) is hinged with the material pipe (4) through a short shaft (13), a push rod (14) is hinged to one end of the receiving disc (2) far away from the material pipe (4), an opening (15) for a push rod (14) to pass through is arranged on the machine shell (1), the opening (15) is connected with a buckle (16) in a sliding mode, the push rod (14) is fixedly connected with the buckle (16) in a detachable mode, and a structure that the push rod (14) moves to drive the material receiving disc (2) to rotate is formed.

4. The asphalt paving control device for road construction as claimed in claim 3, wherein the opening (15) penetrates through the thickness direction of the machine shell (1), the buckle (16) comprises an upper buckle (1601) and a lower buckle (1602) which are detachably connected, the upper buckle (1601) and the lower buckle (1602) are both rotatably connected with the side wall of the opening (15), a groove (1603) which is recessed into the machine shell (1) and used for the movement of the lower buckle (1602) is arranged at the position of the opening (15), and a structure which is convenient for fixing the push rod (14) due to the matching of the lower buckle (1602) and the upper buckle (1601) is formed.

5. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 1, wherein the material moving mechanism (7) comprises scrapers (17), the cross section of each scraper (17) is of a U-shaped structure, the length of each scraper (17) is equal to the distance between two opposite side walls of the material receiving disc (2), the scrapers (17) are connected through ropes (18), the lengths of the ropes (18) between the scrapers (17) are equal, one end, far away from the machine shell (1), of the material receiving disc (2) is provided with a containing box (19) for storing the scrapers (17), the material receiving disc (2) is provided with a rectangular groove communicated with the containing box (19), and a structure for pulling the ropes (18) to drive the scrapers (17) to move so as to transfer asphalt in the material receiving disc (2) to the storage bin (3) through the material pipe (4) is formed.

6. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 5, wherein the containing box (19) is of a hollow rectangular box structure, the containing box (19) is detachably connected with the material receiving disc (2), the end parts of two side surfaces of the scraper (17) are provided with convex blocks (21) matched with the ropes (18) for use, two opposite inner walls of the containing box (19) and the convex blocks (21) are provided with magnets (20) for positioning, the adjacent magnetic poles of the magnets (20) on the scraper (17) are opposite, the material box and the material receiving disc (2) are respectively provided with a sliding groove (22) matched with the convex blocks (21) for use, and a structure that the scraper (17) forms a track along the convex blocks (21) and the sliding grooves (22) and moves under the pulling of the ropes (18) is formed.

7. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 6, wherein a round hole (23) is formed in the rope (18) along the length direction of the rope, a pipe sleeve (24) is arranged in the round hole (23), the inside of the pipe sleeve (24) is of a hollow cylindrical structure suitable for the bump (21) and is glued with the rope (18), a fixed pulley (25) matched with the rope (18) for use is arranged on the material pipe (4), a baffle plate (26) for preventing the rope (18) from slipping is arranged on the fixed pulley (25), and the baffle plate (26) is of an L-shaped structure.

8. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 7, wherein the motors (27) are arranged on two side walls of the stock bin (3), the driving roller (28) is connected to an output shaft of the motors (27), the supporting frames (29) for connecting the driving roller (28) are arranged on the side walls of the stock bin (3), the supporting frames (29) are C-shaped structures, the supports (30) are arranged at one ends, far away from the driving roller (28), in the supporting frames (29), the springs (31) are arranged between the supporting frames (29) and the supports (30) for connection, the supports (30) are rotatably connected with the driven rollers (32), and the structures that the driving roller (28) and the driven rollers (32) rotate to drive the rope (18) to move and the driven rollers (32) to move up and down by the springs (31) for following the sleeve are formed.

9. The asphalt paving control device for road construction according to claim 1, wherein the heating mechanism (6) comprises heating wires (33) electrically connected with a locomotive power supply, a detachable shell (34) is sleeved on the outer wall of the spiral feeding mechanism (5), the heating wires (33) are fixed on the inner wall of the shell (34) through screws, and the heating wires (33) are arranged in a net shape.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of road construction equipment, and particularly relates to an asphalt paving control device for road construction.

Background

In the road construction process, asphalt is mostly adopted to lay the road surface, materials are uniformly stirred and then transferred by a truck, the asphalt is poured on an asphalt paver, and the construction progress is fast. However, asphalt is paved on urban roads, so that the inspection well cover or the sewer opening can be covered, workers are required to remove the asphalt covered on the inspection well cover or the sewer opening in time in the later period, and the construction time is occupied. Otherwise, asphalt is particularly difficult to remove after the temperature drops, requires specialized equipment, wastes time, delays construction and affects the use of drainage systems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an asphalt paving control device for road construction, which solves the problems of construction period delay and influence on the use of a drainage system caused by the fact that an asphalt paver in the prior art cannot be timely cleaned after an inspection well cover or a sewer port is directly covered when a road is paved.

Its technical scheme is, an asphalt paving controlling means for road construction, including spiral tripper, support spiral tripper's casing, be provided with rotatable take-up (stock) pan on the casing, form the normality under the take-up (stock) pan hugs closely the casing inner wall along vertical direction, take-up (stock) pan sets up the structure of accepting spiral tripper pitch that falls down along the horizontal direction during use, be provided with the shifting mechanism who shifts out pitch on the take-up (stock) pan, be provided with the feed bin on the casing outer wall, set up the material pipe that communicates each other between feed bin and the take-up (stock) pan, the one end that the material pipe was kept away from to the feed bin is provided with the spiral feeding mechanism with the auger delivery ware intercommunication, is provided with the heating mechanism who wraps up its outer wall on the spiral feeding mechanism, forms the interior pitch of spiral feeding mechanism and is convenient for carry the structure that reuses behind the auger delivery ware after being heated.

Preferably, the receiving tray comprises a base and an extending edge, the base is of a rectangular box-shaped structure, the two opposite sides of the base are hinged with the extending edge, the base is hinged with an adjusting rod, the extending edge is provided with a plurality of fixing columns matched with the adjusting rod, the fixing columns are uniformly spaced, and the extending edge is matched with the adjusting rod to limit the rotating angle so as to enlarge the range of the receiving tray for receiving asphalt.

Preferably, be provided with the material hole that is used for the material pipe to pass on the casing, the one end that the material pipe is located the casing inside is provided with the arc wall, the one end that the take-up (stock) pan is close to the casing is provided with the circular arc end that uses with the arc wall cooperation, the take-up (stock) pan passes through the minor axis and expects that the pipe is articulated, the one end that the take-up (stock) pan kept away from the material pipe articulates there is the push rod, be provided with the opening that is used for the push rod to pass on the casing, sliding connection has the buckle on the opening, push rod and buckle detachable fixed connection form the push rod and remove the pivoted structure of drive take-up (stock) pan.

Preferably, the opening runs through casing thickness direction, the buckle is including the last knot and the lower knot of dismantling the connection, go up to detain and all rotate with the opening lateral wall with lower knot and be connected, the open position is provided with and caves in to the casing inside and be used for the slot of detaining the removal down, forms to detain down and detain the structure of the cooperation fixed push rod of being convenient for with last.

Preferably, move material mechanism and include the scraper blade, the scraper blade is transversal personally submits "U" type structure, the length and the take-up (stock) pan double-phase opposite side wall interval of scraper blade equal, the scraper blade has a plurality ofly and adopts the rope to connect, each rope length equals between the scraper blade, the one end that the casing was kept away from to the take-up (stock) pan is provided with the containing box that is used for depositing the scraper blade, be provided with the rectangular channel with the containing box intercommunication on the take-up (stock) pan, form the structure that the pulling rope drove the scraper blade and remove and then shift the pitch in the take-up (stock) pan to the feed bin through the material pipe.

Preferably, the containing box is hollow rectangle box structure, the containing box is connected with take-up (stock) pan detachable, the tip of scraper blade both sides face has the lug that uses with the rope cooperation, be provided with the magnet that is used for the location on two relative inner walls of containing box and the lug, adjacent the magnetic pole of magnet is opposite on the scraper blade, all be provided with the spout that uses with the lug cooperation on workbin and the take-up (stock) pan, form the structure that the scraper blade just moved under the rope pulling along lug and spout constitution track.

Preferably, be provided with the round hole along its length direction in the rope, be provided with the pipe box in the round hole, the inside hollow cylinder structure that is applicable to the lug of pipe box just splices with the rope, be provided with the fixed pulley who uses with the rope cooperation on the material pipe, be provided with the baffle that prevents the rope slippage on the fixed pulley, the baffle is "L" column structure.

Preferably, feed bin both sides wall all is provided with the motor, be connected with the drive roll on the motor output shaft, the feed bin lateral wall is provided with the support frame that is used for connecting the drive roll, the support frame is "C" type structure, the one end of keeping away from the drive roll in the support frame is provided with the support, adopt spring coupling between support frame and the support, the support rotates with the driven voller to be connected, forms the drive roll and rotates with the driven voller and drive the rope and remove and the driven voller and rely on the spring to follow the structure that the sleeve pipe reciprocated.

Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises electric heating wires electrically connected with a locomotive power supply, the outer wall of the spiral feeding mechanism is sleeved with a detachable shell, the electric heating wires are fixed on the inner wall of the shell through screws, and the electric heating wires are arranged in a net shape.

The asphalt spreader has the beneficial effects that the rotatable material receiving disc is arranged, when the asphalt spreader moves to the position of the inspection well cover or the sewer opening, the movable push rod is moved to rotate, the falling asphalt is received and moved to the material bin through the material pipe by the material moving mechanism, the asphalt is transferred to the screw conveyor by the screw feeding mechanism and then is recycled, and the arrangement of the heating mechanism ensures the temperature of the asphalt in the transfer process and prevents the asphalt from being solidified;

the arrangement of the scrapers and the ropes is convenient for moving asphalt under the drive of the motor, the driving roller and the driven roller, the sliding groove provides a track for the movement of the ropes and the scrapers, the arrangement of the magnets in the convex blocks on the inner wall of the containing box and the scrapers is opposite, the magnets on the adjacent scrapers have opposite magnetism, and the shape of the flexible ropes can be changed, so that a plurality of scrapers can be conveniently contained in the containing box,

the moving track of scraper blade is injectd in the cooperation of fixed pulley, drive roll and driven voller, even also can guarantee the transfer to pitch at take-up (stock) pan rotation in-process, and the cooperation of pipe box and lug makes things convenient for the rope to drive the scraper blade and removes on the rope, and the setting of spring and support prevents that the pipe box from removing to receive the pressure between drive roll and the driven voller and damaging.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of an asphalt paving control device for road construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the position A of the structure of the asphalt paving control device for road construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the position B of the structure of the asphalt paving control device for road construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a material receiving tray of the asphalt paving control device for road construction;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the receiver plate of the asphalt paving control device for road construction in the structure of the C position;

fig. 6 is a front view of a rope of an asphalt paving controlling apparatus for road construction according to the present invention.

The automatic feeding device comprises a machine shell 1, a receiving tray 2, a storage bin 3, a material pipe 4, a spiral feeding mechanism 5, a heating mechanism 6, a material moving mechanism 7, a base 8, an extending edge 9, an adjusting rod 10, a fixing column 11, a material hole 12, a short shaft 13, a push rod 14, an opening 15, a buckle 16, a buckle 1601 upper buckle 1602, a lower buckle 1603, a groove 1603, a scraping plate 17, a rope 18, a storage box 19, a magnet 20, a convex block 21, a sliding chute 22, a circular hole 23, a pipe sleeve 24, a fixed pulley 25, a baffle 26, a motor 27, a driving roller 28, a support 29, a support 30, a spring 31, a driven roller 32, an electric heating wire 33 and a shell 34.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows: according to the attached drawings of the specification, the asphalt paving control device for road construction comprises a spiral distributor and a shell 1 supporting the spiral distributor, wherein a rotatable material receiving disc 2 is arranged on the shell 1, the material receiving disc 2 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell 1 along the vertical direction in a normal state, and the material receiving disc 2 is horizontally arranged to receive asphalt falling from the spiral distributor during use. The take-up pan 2 comprises a base 8 and an extending edge 9, wherein the base 8 is of a rectangular box-shaped structure, the two opposite sides of the base 8 are hinged with the extending edges 9, and the extending edges 9 are of a rectangular plate-shaped structure. Articulated on the base 8 have an adjusting lever 10, it is vertical shaft-like structure to adjust lever 10, extend and be provided with on the limit 9 rather than a body structure and with adjust fixed column 11 that 10 cooperations were used, fixed column 11 is cylindrical structure, it is provided with the fixed orifices that uses with fixed column 11 cooperation to adjust lever 10 tip, fixed column 11 has a plurality ofly and the interval is even, form and extend limit 9 and rely on adjusting lever 10 and fixed column 11 cooperation to inject turned angle and then enlarge the structure that take-up (stock) pan 2 accepted the pitch scope. According to the width difference of the inspection well cover or the sewer opening, the extension range of the extension edge 9 is adjusted, and the material receiving disc 2 is guaranteed to be suitable for scenes with different widths. Be provided with on take-off dish 2 and shift out pitch and include scraper blade 17 move material mechanism 7, adopt horizontal pole and bolt fastening to have feed bin 3 on the casing 1 outer wall, feed bin 3 is the rectangle structure. The material pipe 4 that sets up intercommunication each other between feed bin 3 and the take-up (stock) pan 2, material pipe 4 is hollow quadrangular structure, and the one end that feed bin 3 kept away from material pipe 4 is provided with the spiral feeding mechanism 5 with the screw conveyer intercommunication, is provided with the heating mechanism 6 that its outer wall of parcel has heating wire 33 on the spiral feeding mechanism 5, forms the interior pitch of spiral feeding mechanism 5 and is convenient for carry the structure of using again behind the screw conveyer after being heated. The power electric connection on heater strip and the asphalt paving machine, 5 outer wall covers of spiral feeding mechanism are equipped with bolt fastening and detachable shell 34, and shell 34 includes two half shells that the structure is the same, and the fix with screw has heating wire 33 on the shell 34 inner wall, and heating wire 33 is netted arranging.

In an embodiment, according to the attached drawings, a material hole 12 for a material pipe 4 to pass through is formed in the machine shell 1, the material hole 12 is of a rectangular structure, and connection angles in an L-shaped structure are arranged at four corner positions of the material hole 12, and are fixedly connected with the material pipe 4 and the machine shell 1. The one end that material pipe 4 is located casing 1 inside is provided with the arc wall, and the width of material pipe 4 is greater than the width of take-up (stock) pan 2, and the one end that take-up (stock) pan 2 is close to casing 1 is provided with the circular arc end that uses with the arc wall cooperation, and take-up (stock) pan 2 is articulated with material pipe 4 through minor axis 13, minor axis 13 and 2 a body structure of take-up (stock) pan, be provided with the short groove that uses with minor axis 13 cooperation on the material pipe 4. One end of the take-up pan 2, which is far away from the material pipe 4, is hinged with a push rod 14, an opening 15 for the push rod 14 to pass is arranged on the casing 1, the opening 15 is of a rectangular structure, a buckle 16 is connected on the opening 15 in a sliding manner, and the push rod 14 is fixedly connected with the buckle 16 in a detachable manner, so that a structure that the push rod 14 moves to drive the take-up pan 2 to rotate is formed. Opening 15 runs through casing 1 thickness direction, and buckle 16 is including can dismantling the connection to detain 1601 and detain 1602 down, and detain 1601 and detain 1602 down and all rotate with opening 15 lateral wall and be connected, and it is connected with first swivel mount to detain 1601, and first swivel mount is cylindric structure, and opening 15 lateral wall is provided with the first rotary groove that is used for first swivel mount to place. The lower buckle 1602 is connected with a second rotary seat, the second rotary seat is a cylindrical structure, and the side wall of the opening 15 is provided with a second rotary groove for placing the second rotary seat. The opening 15 is provided with a groove 1603 which is recessed into the interior of the housing 1 and used for moving the lower buckle 1602, and the second rotary groove is communicated with the groove 1603, so that the lower buckle 1602 and the upper buckle 1601 are matched to fix the push rod 14 conveniently.

In one embodiment, according to the figure, the cross section of the scraper 17 is in a U-shaped structure, the scrapers 17 can be stacked in sequence, the length of each scraper 17 is equal to the distance between two opposite side walls of the receiving tray 2, a plurality of scrapers 17 are connected by using ropes 18, and the lengths of the ropes 18 between the scrapers 17 are equal. One end of the receiving disc 2, which is far away from the casing 1, is provided with an accommodating box 19 for storing the scraper 17, and the receiving disc 2 is provided with a rectangular groove communicated with the accommodating box 19, so that a structure that the pulling rope 18 drives the scraper 17 to move and further transfers the asphalt in the receiving disc 2 to the storage bin 3 through the material pipe 4 is formed. The containing box 19 is a hollow rectangular box structure, the containing box 19 and the material receiving disc 2 are fixedly connected by adopting a detachable screw, the end parts of the two side surfaces of the scraper 17 are provided with convex blocks 21 matched with the ropes 18 for use, the convex blocks 21 and the scraper 17 are fixed by screw threads, and the convex blocks 21 are in cylindrical structures. Magnets 20 for positioning are arranged on two opposite inner walls of the containing box 19 and the convex blocks 21, and the magnetic poles of the magnets 20 on adjacent scrapers 17 are opposite, so that the plurality of scrapers 17 can be simultaneously contained in the containing box 19. The material box and the material receiving plate 2 are both provided with a sliding groove 22 matched with the convex block 21, the cross section of the sliding groove 22 is of a rectangular structure, and a structure that the scraping plate 17 forms a track along the convex block 21 and the sliding groove 22 and moves under the pulling of the rope 18 is formed. A round hole 23 is arranged in the rope 18 along the length direction of the rope, a pipe sleeve 24 is arranged in the round hole 23, and the inside of the pipe sleeve 24 is of a hollow cylindrical structure suitable for the lug 21 and is glued with the rope 18. The fixed pulley 25 matched with the rope 18 is fixed on the material pipe 4 through threads, a baffle plate 26 for preventing the rope 18 from slipping is fixed on the fixed pulley 25 through screws, and the baffle plate 26 is of an L-shaped structure. Two side walls of the bin 3 are provided with motors 27, and the output shaft of the motor 27 is connected with a driving roller 28 through a key. The side wall of the storage bin 3 is fixed with a support frame 29 through bolts, the support frame 29 is used for connecting the driving roller 28, and the support frame 29 is of a C-shaped structure. A support 30 is arranged at one end, far away from the driving roller 28, in the support frame 29, the support 30 is of an inverted triangular structure, the support frame 29 is connected with the support 30 through a spring 31, the support 30 is rotatably connected with the driven roller 32, and a structure that the driving roller 28 and the driven roller 32 rotate to drive the rope 18 to move and the driven roller 32 moves up and down along with the sleeve through the spring 31 is formed.

The rotatable material receiving disc is arranged, when the asphalt paver moves to the position of an inspection well cover or a sewer opening, the rotatable material receiving disc rotates through the movable push rod, the falling asphalt is received and moved to a material bin through a material pipe through the material moving mechanism, the asphalt is transferred to the screw conveyor by the screw feeding mechanism and then is recycled, and the temperature of the asphalt in the transferring process is ensured by the arrangement of the heating mechanism, so that the asphalt is prevented from being solidified; the setting of scraper blade and rope, be convenient for at the motor, the pitch is moved under the drive of drive roll and driven voller, the spout provides the track for the removal of rope and scraper blade, the setting of magnet on containing box inner wall and the scraper blade epirelief, and magnet magnetism is opposite on the adjacent scraper blade, in addition flexible rope can change its physique, a plurality of scraper blades of being convenient for are accomodate in the containing box, the fixed pulley, the removal orbit of scraper blade is injectd in the cooperation of drive roll and driven voller, even also can guarantee the transfer to the pitch at take-up (stock) pan rotation in-process, the cooperation of pipe box and lug on the rope, make things convenient for the rope to drive the scraper blade and remove, the setting of spring and support, prevent that the pipe box from removing to the pressurized damage between drive roll and the driven voller.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments and examples, but these are not intended to limit the present invention. Many variations and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, which should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.