阅读说明：本技术 利用电池电解废液制备钾明矾的方法 (Method for preparing potassium alum by using waste liquid of battery electrolysis ) 是由 杨崇方 汪云华 田大洲 张战胜 李伊娜 施学金 李富宇 胡广来 杨孟昌 任珊珊 于 2020-03-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了利用电池电解废液制备钾明矾的方法。该方法包括：(1)对含有钾、铝的中性或碱性电解废液进行过滤除杂,以便得到滤液；(2)将所述滤液与过量的硫酸混合,以便得到硫酸铝钾溶液；(3)对所述硫酸铝钾溶液进行冷却结晶和固液分离,以便得到结晶母液和硫酸铝钾晶体；(4)对所述硫酸铝钾晶体进行水洗和干燥处理,以便得到钾明矾。该方法工艺流程短、生产成本低、电解废液的回收率高,不仅可以将电解废液中的钾和铝转化为高附加值的金属化合物,还能降低燃料电池的使用成本,同时省去电解废液的处置费用。(The invention discloses a method for preparing potassium alum by using waste liquid of battery electrolysis. The method comprises the following steps: (1) filtering and removing impurities from neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum so as to obtain filtrate; (2) mixing the filtrate with excess sulfuric acid to obtain a potassium aluminum sulfate solution; (3) cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a crystallization mother solution and an aluminum potassium sulfate crystal; (4) and (3) washing and drying the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals to obtain potassium alum. The method has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of the electrolytic waste liquid, not only can convert potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid into metal compounds with high added values, but also can reduce the use cost of the fuel cell and simultaneously save the treatment cost of the electrolytic waste liquid.)

1. A method for preparing potassium alum by using waste liquid of battery electrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) filtering and removing impurities from neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum so as to obtain filtrate;

(2) mixing the filtrate with excess sulfuric acid to obtain a potassium aluminum sulfate solution;

(3) cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a crystallization mother solution and an aluminum potassium sulfate crystal;

(4) and (3) washing and drying the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals to obtain potassium alum.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), potassium and aluminum are present in an ionic state and/or an oxidized state in the electrolytic waste liquid, and the total content of potassium is represented by K₂O is 50-500 g/L, and the total content of aluminum is Al₂O₃The amount is 50 to 500 g/L.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the electrolytic waste liquid is an electrolytic solution produced by the operation of a fuel cell having aluminum as an anode and a neutral electrolyte or an alkaline electrolyte,

optionally, the filtering and impurity removing are completed by using a mesh screen, a precipitator, a centrifuge, a centrifugal filter press, a cyclone or a plate-and-frame filter press.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step (1), the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not more than 0.8, an aluminum source is added to the filtrate,

optionally, in the step (1), the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not higher than 0.95, and an aluminum source is added to the filtrate.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the aluminum source is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, and aluminum hydroxide.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein in the step (2), the pH value of the aluminum potassium sulfate solution is 0.1-6, preferably 1-4, more preferably 1-2,

optionally, in the step (2), the mixing time is 2-4 h, and the temperature is 25-90 ℃.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid in the step (2) is 10 to 60 wt%.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein in the step (2), the sulfuric acid is obtained by diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, and the crystallization mother liquor and/or the water washing liquid of the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal is used as a diluent for the concentrated sulfuric acid dilution process.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step (3) is performed in a cooling crystallization process under natural cooling conditions for 5 to 48 hours,

optionally, the solid-liquid separation is accomplished using a mesh screen or centrifuge.

10. The method according to claim 1 or 9, wherein in the step (4), the water washing is performed with cold water of not higher than 25 ℃, and the temperature of the drying treatment is not higher than 65 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to a method for preparing potassium alum by using waste liquid of battery electrolysis.

Background

Metal-air fuel cells and fuel cells with neutral or alkaline electrolytes are particularly useful in base station backup power, electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, backup and emergency power, and other applications due to their large electrochemical capacity. However, when the metal-air fuel cell is operated, the dissolved products of the metal anode are accumulated in the electrolyte to cause a decrease in the efficiency of the metal-air fuel cell. Therefore, the electrolyte needs to be replaced and recycled after the battery works for a certain time. At present, the method of recycling the electrolytic waste liquid is generally to induce precipitation of the metal anode dissolution product as a solid hydroxide, and then to remove the precipitate by filtration. However, this method is not feasible to achieve complete utilization of metal ions and potassium ions in the electrolytic waste liquid. Therefore, there is a need for a process for recovering metal ions and potassium ions as completely as possible from the electrolytic waste liquid, and from them, preferably valuable products.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing potassium alum by using the waste electrolyte of the battery. The method has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of the electrolytic waste liquid, not only can convert potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid into metal compounds with high added values, but also can reduce the use cost of the fuel cell and simultaneously save the treatment cost of the electrolytic waste liquid.

The present inventors have proposed based on the following problems and findings: the electrolyte of metal-air fuel cells and fuel cells with neutral or alkaline electrolytes contain anode-valent metal ions and potassium ions. With the continuous development of metal-air fuel cells and fuel cells with neutral or alkaline electrolytes, a large amount of electrolysis waste liquid is generated, but most of the existing methods for recovering the electrolysis waste liquid recover anode metal ions, and efficient utilization of potassium ions is not realized. The inventors have surprisingly found that potassium alum, a double salt containing both metallic aluminium and potassium, of the formula KAl (SO), can be prepared from an electrolysis waste liquor containing aluminium and potassium₄)₂·12H₂O, has antibacterial and astringent effects. Can be used as food fermentation, vermicelli processing, aquatic product pickling, food preservative and additive in food industry; meanwhile, the compound fertilizer can also be used as a traditional Chinese medicine, a water purification flocculant, paper making and sizing, coating printing and dyeing, pharmacy, paint making and leather making, a coagulant, fiberboard processing, rubber processing, seed disinfection, livestock treatment, strong stems and full fruits, potassium fertilization and fertility improvement of alkaline soil and the like, has higher added value, and can also realize the full utilization of potassium and aluminum.

To this end, according to one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a method for preparing potassium alum from a waste electrolyte of a battery. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:

(1) filtering and removing impurities from neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum so as to obtain filtrate;

(2) mixing the filtrate with excess sulfuric acid to obtain a potassium aluminum sulfate solution;

(3) cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a crystallization mother solution and an aluminum potassium sulfate crystal;

(4) and (3) washing and drying the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals to obtain potassium alum.

According to the method for preparing potassium alum by using the electrolytic waste liquid of the battery in the embodiment of the invention, the inventor skillfully uses the reaction of excessive sulfuric acid and neutral or alkaline electrolytic waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum to obtain aluminum potassium sulfate solution, and further obtains the potassium alum by crystallization and drying, so that the potassium and the aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid can be recovered as much as possible and converted into products with high added values, wherein the recovery rate of the aluminum can be as high as more than 0.95. Therefore, the method has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of the electrolytic waste liquid, can convert potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid into metal compounds with high added values, can reduce the use cost of the fuel cell, and saves the treatment cost of the electrolytic waste liquid.

In addition, the method for preparing potassium alum by using the battery electrolysis waste liquid according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), potassium and aluminum are present in the electrolytic waste liquid in an ionic state and/or an oxidized state, and the total content of potassium is K₂O is 50-500 g/L, and the total content of aluminum is Al₂O₃The amount is 50 to 500 g/L.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the electrolytic waste liquid is an electrolyte produced by operation of a fuel cell having aluminum as an anode and a neutral electrolyte or an alkaline electrolyte.

In some embodiments of the invention, the filtering to remove impurities is performed using a mesh screen, a precipitator, a centrifuge, a centrifugal filter press, a cyclone, or a plate and frame filter press.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not higher than 0.8, and an aluminum source is added to the filtrate. Thereby further improving the recovery rate of the element potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not higher than 0.95, and an aluminum source is added to the filtrate. Thereby further improving the recovery rate of the element potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid.

In some embodiments of the invention, the aluminum source is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, and aluminum hydroxide.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2), the pH value of the aluminum potassium sulfate solution is 0.1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, and more preferably 1 to 2. Thereby further improving the recovery rate of potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2), the mixing time is 2-4 h, and the temperature is 25-90 ℃.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2), the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 10 to 60 wt%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2), the sulfuric acid is obtained by diluting with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the crystallization mother liquor and/or the water washing solution of the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal is/are used as a diluent for the dilution process with concentrated sulfuric acid. Thereby, the utilization rate of the acid can be further improved.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the step (3), the cooling crystallization is performed under natural cooling conditions for 5 to 48 hours.

In some embodiments of the invention, the solid-liquid separation is accomplished using a mesh screen or centrifuge.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the step (4), the water washing is performed with cold water of not higher than 25 ℃, and the temperature of the drying treatment is not higher than 65 ℃.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing potassium alum from a waste electrolyte solution of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing potassium alum using a battery electrolysis waste liquid according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for preparing potassium alum by using waste electrolyte of a battery. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: (1) filtering and removing impurities from neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum so as to obtain filtrate; (2) mixing the filtrate with excess sulfuric acid to obtain a potassium aluminum sulfate solution; (3) cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a crystallization mother solution and an aluminum potassium sulfate crystal; (4) and (3) washing and drying the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals to obtain potassium alum. The method has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of the electrolytic waste liquid, can convert potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid into metal compounds with high added values, can reduce the use cost of the fuel cell, and saves the treatment cost of the electrolytic waste liquid.

The method for preparing potassium alum from the waste electrolyte of the battery according to the above embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

S100: filtering neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum to remove impurities to obtain filtrate

According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic waste liquid can be filtered to remove impurities, the color of the filtrate needs to be observed when the filtration is started, repeated filtration is carried out if the waste liquid is turbid, and the filter cake is discarded to obtain the filtrate containing aluminum and potassium, such as potassium metaaluminate solution.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolytic waste liquid may be an electrolyte produced by the operation of a fuel cell having aluminum as an anode and a neutral electrolyte or an alkaline electrolyte, such as an aluminum-air fuel cell, a hydrogen generator, or the like, whereby potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid can be sufficiently recovered.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the device used for filtering and removing impurities in the present invention is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the device according to actual situations. For example, filtration and impurity removal can be accomplished using a mesh screen, a precipitator, a centrifuge, a centrifugal filter press, a cyclone or a plate and frame (membrane) filter press, thereby maximizing the separation rate and filtrate quality.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, potassium and aluminum may be present in an ionic state and/or an oxidized state in the electrolytic waste liquid, and the total content of potassium is K₂The total content of Al is Al, and the content of O is 50-500 g/L₂O₃The amount of the surfactant can be 50-500 g/L. The inventor finds that the recovery value is higher when the concentration of potassium and aluminum is higher, and if the concentrations of potassium and aluminum in the waste liquid are too low, the concentration of potassium aluminum sulfate is too low, and a large amount of crystallization mother liquid is generated, so that the crystallization mother liquid cannot be recycled, the water treatment cost is increased, and the recovery value is low. Preferably, the total content of potassium in the electrolysis waste liquid is expressed as K₂The total content of Al is Al, and the content of O is 100-500 g/L₂O₃The amount can be 100-500 g/L, so that the recovery efficiency and the economic benefit of potassium and aluminum can be further improved. Preferably, the molar ratio of potassium to aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid may be more than 0.8, whereby the overall recovery rate of potassium and aluminum may be further improved.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, when the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not higher than 0.8, an aluminum source may be added to the filtrate. The inventor finds that the content of potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is generally higher than that of aluminum, and in order to further improve the recovery rate of potassium, a proper amount of aluminum source can be added into the electrolytic waste liquid after filtration and impurity removal so as to further improve the recovery rate of potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid and enable both potassium and aluminum to have higher recovery rates; preferably, the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolysis waste liquid after the aluminum source is added can be about 1. Further, when the molar ratio of aluminum to potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid is not more than 0.95, an aluminum source may be added to the filtrate, whereby the recovery rate of potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid can be further improved, and aluminum and potassium in the electrolytic waste liquid can be sufficiently converted into potassium alum. Further, the aluminum source may be at least one selected from aluminum sulfate, metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide, and the use of the aluminum source does not introduce other impurities into the filtrate, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the purity of potassium alum is affected by the addition of the aluminum source.

S200: mixing the filtrate with excessive sulfuric acid to obtain aluminum potassium sulfate solution

According to the embodiment of the invention, excessive sulfuric acid can be slowly added into the filtrate containing potassium and aluminum under the stirring state, the reaction state is observed at any time during the reaction process, the reaction is prevented from being too violent to cause the splashing or overflow of the reaction solution, and finally the pH value of the end point of the reaction is controlled to be less than 7 so as to obtain the aluminum potassium sulfate solution.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pH of the reaction endpoint controlled after mixing the filtrate with the sulfuric acid may be 0.1 to 6, that is, the pH of the potassium aluminum sulfate solution may be 0.1 to 6. Preferably, the pH value of the reaction end point of the filtrate mixed with the sulfuric acid can be controlled to be 1-4, and the inventor finds that the lower the pH value of the reaction solution after the filtrate mixed with the sulfuric acid is, the higher the yield of the prepared potassium alum is, and therefore, the pH value of the reaction end point is controlled to be 1-4 in the invention, so that the recovery rate of potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid can be further improved. More preferably, the pH value of the reaction end point controlled after the filtrate is mixed with the sulfuric acid can be 1-2, so that the recovery rate of potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid and the yield of potassium alum can be further improved.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the mixing time of the filtrate and the excessive sulfuric acid can be 2-4 h, and the temperature can be 25-90 ℃, so that the filtrate and the sulfuric acid can be further favorably fully reacted, and the potassium and the aluminum in the aluminum potassium sulfate solution obtained by the reaction can be ensured to exist in an ionic state.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the sulfuric acid used in the present invention may be 10 to 60 wt%, which may further facilitate controlling the reaction degree of the filtrate and the sulfuric acid, and avoid splashing or overflow of the reaction solution due to too violent reaction.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the sulfuric acid used in the present invention can be diluted with concentrated sulfuric acid, for example, concentrated sulfuric acid can be slowly added to water under stirring. Furthermore, the crystallization mother liquor and/or the washing liquid of the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal can be used as the diluent for the dilution process of the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the utilization rate of the sulfuric acid can be further improved, and the treatment process and the treatment cost of the crystallization mother liquor and the washing liquid can be saved.

S300: cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a crystallization mother solution and aluminum potassium sulfate crystals

According to the embodiment of the invention, the potassium aluminum sulfate solution can be cooled and crystallized to separate out potassium aluminum sulfate crystals, and then the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals can be obtained through solid-liquid separation.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the aluminum potassium sulfate solution can be crystallized in a natural cooling process for 5-48 hours. Wherein, the natural cooling crystallization can be performed under the stirring or stirring-free process.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the separation apparatus used in the solid-liquid separation in the present invention is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the apparatus according to actual circumstances. For example, the solid-liquid separation can be performed by a mesh screen or a centrifuge, and preferably, a centrifuge, whereby the separation efficiency and effect can be further improved.

S400: washing and drying the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal to obtain potassium alum

According to an embodiment of the invention, the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal can be washed by cold water with the temperature not higher than 25 ℃, so that the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal can be effectively prevented from being dissolved in water again due to higher washing temperature. Further, the temperature of the drying treatment should be not higher than 65 ℃, so that the volatilization of crystal water of potassium alum can be effectively avoided.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, after washing the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal, the aluminum potassium sulfate bulk crystal can be crushed to a desired particle size in advance, and then the crushed aluminum potassium sulfate crystal is naturally dried or baked.

In summary, the method for preparing potassium alum by using the battery electrolysis waste liquid in the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the potassium aluminum sulfate solution is obtained by using the reaction of excessive sulfuric acid and neutral or alkaline electrolysis waste liquid containing potassium and aluminum, and then potassium alum is obtained by crystallization and drying, so that the potassium and the aluminum in the electrolysis waste liquid can be recovered as much as possible and converted into products with high added values, wherein the recovery rate of the aluminum can be up to more than 0.95; furthermore, the sulfuric acid can be obtained by diluting with concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the reaction intensity of the electrolytic waste liquid and the sulfuric acid can be controlled, the reaction solution is prevented from splashing or overflowing due to the excessively strong reaction, and the water washing liquid of the crystallization mother liquid and/or the aluminum potassium sulfate crystal can be used as the diluent for the diluting process of the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the utilization rate of the acid is further improved. In conclusion, the method has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of the electrolytic waste liquid, can convert potassium and aluminum in the electrolytic waste liquid into metal compounds with high added values, can reduce the use cost of the fuel cell, and saves the treatment cost of the electrolytic waste liquid.

The scheme of the invention will be explained with reference to the examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.

Example 1

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 321g/L, K₂The O content was 338 g/L. 1L of the filtrate was weighed into a 5L plastic beaker, and 260g of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was diluted in 1000ml of water. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a beaker containing the potassium metaaluminate solution, and starting mechanical stirring until the solution is completely dissolvedAnd (3) obtaining a potassium aluminum sulfate solution after the reaction is complete and the reaction time is 2 hours, and measuring the pH value of the solution to be 3-4 by using a wide pH test paper. Stopping stirring, and naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic beaker, wherein the crystallization time is 6 hours. And (3) performing solid-liquid separation by using a screen, washing the potassium aluminum sulfate crystal by using cold water, and naturally drying to obtain 2.1kg of potassium alum crystal. The mother liquor and the water wash are stored for the next dilution of sulfuric acid with water.

Example 2

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 321g/L, K₂The O content was 338 g/L. 5L of the filtrate was weighed into a 25L plastic bucket, and 1.40kg of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was weighed and diluted in 5L of water. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a plastic barrel containing a potassium metaaluminate solution, starting mechanical stirring at the same time until the reaction is complete, wherein the reaction time is 3 hours, obtaining an aluminum potassium sulfate solution, and measuring the pH value of the solution to be 1-2 by using a wide pH test paper. Stopping stirring, and naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic bucket for 10 hours. And (3) performing solid-liquid separation by using a screen, washing the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals by using cold water, and naturally drying to obtain 11.5kg of potassium alum crystals. The mother liquor and the water wash are stored for the next dilution of sulfuric acid with water.

Example 3

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 321g/L, K₂The O content was 338 g/L. 20L of the filtrate was weighed into a 100L plastic bucket, and 5.5kg of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was weighed and diluted in 20L of water. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a plastic barrel containing a potassium metaaluminate solution, starting mechanical stirring at the same time until the reaction is complete, wherein the reaction time is 4 hours, obtaining an aluminum potassium sulfate solution, measuring the pH value of the solution by using a wide pH test paper to be 1-2, continuously stirring, naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic barrel, and the crystallization time is 24 hours. Solid-liquid separation is carried out by adopting a centrifugal machineThe potassium aluminum sulfate crystal is washed by cold water and naturally dried, and 45kg of potassium alum crystal is finally obtained. The mother liquor and the water wash are stored for the next dilution of sulfuric acid with water.

Example 4

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 190g/L, K₂The O content was 291 g/L. 20L of the filtrate was weighed into a 100L plastic bucket, and 4kg of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was weighed and diluted into the mother liquor and the water wash described in example 3, and the volume after dilution was 25L. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a plastic barrel containing a potassium metaaluminate solution, starting mechanical stirring at the same time until the reaction is complete, wherein the reaction time is 3 hours, obtaining an aluminum potassium sulfate solution, and measuring the pH value of the solution to be 1-2 by using a wide pH test paper. Stopping stirring, and naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic bucket for 24 hours. And (3) performing solid-liquid separation by adopting a centrifugal machine, washing the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals by using cold water, and naturally drying to obtain 27kg of potassium alum crystals. The mother liquor and the water wash are stored for the next dilution of sulfuric acid with water.

Example 5

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 190g/L, K₂The O content was 291 g/L. 50L of the filtrate and 9.6kg of aluminum hydroxide were weighed into a 200L plastic bucket, 10kg of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was weighed and diluted into the mother liquor and the water-washing solution described in example 4, and water was added until the volume of dilute sulfuric acid was 80L. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a plastic barrel containing a potassium metaaluminate solution, starting mechanical stirring at the same time until the reaction is complete, wherein the reaction time is 4 hours, obtaining an aluminum potassium sulfate solution, and measuring the pH value of the solution to be 0.5-1 by using a wide pH test paper. Stopping stirring, and naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic bucket, wherein the crystallization time is 28 hours. And (3) performing solid-liquid separation by adopting a centrifugal machine, washing the potassium aluminum sulfate crystal by using cold water, and naturally drying to obtain 113kg of potassium alum crystal. Mother liquorAnd the water wash is stored for the next dilution of sulfuric acid with water.

Example 6

Filtering and removing impurities from the waste electrolyte of the aluminum-air battery by adopting a plate-and-frame diaphragm filter press, analyzing and determining Al in the solution, wherein the filtrate is a potassium metaaluminate solution₂O₃The content is 283g/L, K₂The O content was 319 g/L. 50L of the filtrate was weighed into a 200L plastic bucket, and 13kg of concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was weighed and diluted into the mother liquor and the water wash described in example 5, and the volume after dilution was 82L. Slowly adding the diluted sulfuric acid solution into a plastic barrel containing a potassium metaaluminate solution, starting mechanical stirring at the same time until the reaction is complete, wherein the reaction time is 4 hours, obtaining an aluminum potassium sulfate solution, and measuring the pH value of the solution to be 1-2 by using a wide pH test paper. Stopping stirring, and naturally cooling and crystallizing the aluminum potassium sulfate solution in the plastic bucket for 36 hours. And (3) performing solid-liquid separation by adopting a centrifugal machine, washing the potassium aluminum sulfate crystals by using cold water, naturally drying, storing mother liquor and washing liquor for next sulfuric acid dilution water, and finally obtaining 100kg of potassium alum crystals.

Chemical component detection is carried out on the potassium alum prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6, and the potassium alum crystals prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6 all meet the standard of GB 1886.229.2016 national standard for food safety food additive aluminum potassium sulfate (also called potassium alum), and can reach the level of food grade. The test report of example 6 is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 examination of Potassium alum crystals according to the national Standard (GB 1886.229.2016)

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.