阅读说明：本技术 一种鳗鱼自动加工设备 (Eel automatic processing equipment ) 是由 张雯娟 杨陈煌 李旺海 张晓颖 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种鳗鱼自动加工设备,包括筛选机构、鳗鱼处理机构、清洗机构以及收集装置,所述筛选机构、鳗鱼处理机构、清洗机构以及收集装置通过输送链按顺序相互连接；所述筛选机构包括鳗鱼大小判断装置、第一电机以及分离板,通过鳗鱼大小判断装置进行鳗鱼大小的判断后通过第一电机驱动分离板实现鳗鱼大小的筛选；所述鳗鱼处理机构包括宰杀机构、破腹机构以及去除内脏机构；所述清洗机构包括成轴对称分布的由两侧向中间出水的出水管道。本发明设计的机械结构可靠性高,机械结构简单易操作；设计的机械结构成本低,能够达到节省总成本的预期；具有较高的加工效率,否则在鳗鱼大量上市的情况下能够快速加工鳗鱼。(The invention provides automatic eel processing equipment which comprises a screening mechanism, an eel processing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a collecting device, wherein the screening mechanism, the eel processing mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the collecting device are sequentially connected with one another through a conveying chain; the screening mechanism comprises an eel size judging device, a first motor and a separating plate, and after the eel size judging device judges the size of the eels, the separating plate is driven by the first motor to screen the sizes of the eels; the eel processing mechanism comprises a slaughtering mechanism, a belly breaking mechanism and a viscera removing mechanism; the cleaning mechanism comprises water outlet pipelines which are distributed in an axial symmetry manner and are used for discharging water from two sides to the middle. The mechanical structure designed by the invention has high reliability, and is simple and easy to operate; the designed mechanical structure has low cost, and can achieve the expectation of saving the total cost; has higher processing efficiency, otherwise, the eel can be rapidly processed under the condition that the eel is on the market in large quantity.)

1. The automatic eel processing equipment is characterized by comprising a screening mechanism, an eel processing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a collecting device, wherein the screening mechanism, the eel processing mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the collecting device are sequentially connected with one another through a conveying chain; the screening mechanism comprises an eel size judging device, a first motor and a separating plate, and after the eel size judging device judges the size of the eels, the separating plate is driven by the first motor to screen the sizes of the eels; the eel processing mechanism comprises a slaughtering mechanism, a belly breaking mechanism and a viscera removing mechanism; the cleaning mechanism comprises water outlet pipelines which are axially and symmetrically distributed and discharge water from two sides to the middle, and the cleaning mechanism is made of nylon materials.

2. An automatic eel processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the eel size determination means comprises a feed port, a rail, a baffle, a time sensor and an angular displacement sensor.

3. The automatic eel processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the killing mechanism comprises an infrared sensor and a steel thorn, and the steel thorn falls down to pierce the head of the eel to kill after the eel reaches a preset position through the infrared sensor; the belly breaking mechanism comprises a belly breaking blade; the eviscerating mechanism includes a turntable and a rotating scraper.

4. An automatic eel processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the rail comprises a first rail and a second rail, the time sensor and the angular displacement sensor are located on both sides of a middle portion of the first rail, and an included angle between the first rail and the second rail is 165 degrees.

5. An automatic eel processing device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor of type YS 712-4.

6. An automatic eel processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the conveyor chain is 20A "1 in size and the number of sprocket teeth is 17.

7. An automatic eel processing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the killing mechanism further comprises a clamping mechanism with axisymmetric distribution, the infrared sensor is positioned right above the clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is used for fixing the head of the eel.

8. An automatic eel processing device according to claim 3, wherein the steel thorn and the belly breaking blade are both 304 stainless steel.

9. An automatic eel processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the rotary scraper has 3 scraping legs disposed at 120 degrees with respect to the center.

10. An automatic eel processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the outlets of the axisymmetrically arranged outlet pipes is 150 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fish processing, in particular to automatic eel processing equipment.

Background

In the prior art, the eel is treated by a steel needle, a guide rail and a cutter, and the device can treat a plurality of eels simultaneously; the eel is killed and treated by the strong current, the conveying belt and the guiding device, the eel is fixed when the back of the body is cut open, the back of the body is excellent in treatment effect, the eel is driven to move forwards by the rotation of the feeding wheel in the material guiding device and is scratched from the cutting blade, the lower abdomen of the eel is cut, the scraper is driven to rotate from the eel belly by the rotation of the rotary disc, the internal organs of the eel are removed, and the overall operation is convenient. However, in the prior art, the reliability of the eel processing structure is not high, the mechanical structure is complicated, the designed mechanical structure has high cost, so that eel processing equipment cannot achieve the expectation of saving the total cost, and meanwhile, the prior eel processing efficiency is not high, the equipment occupies a large area, and the operation and the movement are inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides automatic eel processing equipment.

The invention adopts the following scheme: an automatic eel processing device comprises a screening mechanism, an eel processing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a collecting device, wherein the screening mechanism, the eel processing mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the collecting device are sequentially connected with one another through a conveying chain; the screening mechanism comprises an eel size judging device, a first motor and a separating plate, and after the eel size judging device judges the size of the eels, the separating plate is driven by the first motor to screen the sizes of the eels; the eel processing mechanism comprises a slaughtering mechanism, a belly breaking mechanism and a viscera removing mechanism; the cleaning mechanism comprises water outlet pipelines which are distributed in an axial symmetry manner and are used for discharging water from two sides to the middle.

Preferably, the eel size judging device comprises a feed inlet, a track, a baffle, a time sensor and an angular displacement sensor.

Preferably, the slaughtering mechanism comprises an infrared sensor and a steel thorn, and the steel thorn falls down and penetrates into the head of the eel to be slaughtered after the eel is judged to reach a preset position through the infrared sensor; the belly breaking mechanism comprises a belly breaking blade; the eviscerating mechanism includes a turntable and a rotating scraper.

Preferably, the mutual path comprises a first path and a second path, the time sensor and the angular displacement sensor are positioned on two sides of the middle part of the first path, and the included angle between the first path and the second path is 165 degrees.

Preferably, the first motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor with the model number YS 712-4.

Preferably, the type of the conveying chain is 20A-1, and the number of the chain wheels is 17.

Preferably, the slaughtering mechanism further comprises clamping mechanisms which are axially and symmetrically distributed, the infrared sensor is located right above the clamping mechanisms, and the clamping mechanisms are used for fixing the heads of the eels.

Preferably, the steel thorn and the break blade are both made of 304 stainless steel.

Preferably, the rotary blade has 3 scraping legs distributed at 120 degrees with respect to the center.

Preferably, the distance between the water outlets of the axisymmetrically distributed water outlet pipes is 150 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: the invention provides automatic eel processing equipment, which is high in reliability of a designed mechanical structure, simple in mechanical structure and easy to operate; the designed mechanical structure has low cost, and can achieve the expectation of saving the total cost; the processing efficiency is higher, otherwise, the eel can be rapidly processed under the condition that a large amount of eels are sold in the market; the floor area of the equipment is small, and the operation and the movement are convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention, fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for processing eel.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the screening mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a belly breaking mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the evisceration mechanism of the present invention 1.

Figure 8 is a schematic view 2 of the evisceration mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a feed inlet; 2-supporting feet; 3-angular displacement sensor; 4-a first motor; 5-an infrared sensor; 6-steel prick; 7-a second motor; 8-discharging; 9-a conveyor belt; 10-a mechanism for removing internal organs; 11-a cleaning mechanism; 12-a clamping mechanism; 13-a first track; 14-a second track; 15-time sensor; 16-a belly breaking blade; 17-a turntable; 18-a rotating scraper; 19-water outlet pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Examples

The following are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-3 of the specification, the automatic eel processing equipment comprises a screening mechanism, an eel processing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a collecting device, wherein the screening mechanism, the eel processing mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the collecting device are sequentially connected with one another through a conveying chain.

Referring to the attached figure 4 of the specification, a flow chart of the eel processing device is shown, wherein the eel position in the device can be moved, and the processing device is fixed. Eel is put into the equipment, and the eel is processed by changing the position of the eel according to the sequence of five procedures of screening, killing, belly breaking, viscera removing and cleaning, and processing tools of the five procedures are fixed at corresponding working positions, similar to a streamline mode of a factory.

Referring to the attached figure 5 of the specification, the screening mechanism of the device measures and calculates the length and the size of the eel by utilizing the angular displacement sensor 3 and the time sensor 15, when the eel moves along the downward inclined track, the eel triggers the baffle positioned on the track, the time sensor 15 can measure and calculate the length of the eel according to a formula, and the angular displacement sensor can measure and calculate the size (width) of the eel, so that the purpose of screening the size of the eel is finally achieved. The screening mechanism specifically comprises an eel size judging device, a first motor 4 and a separating plate, wherein after the eel size judging device judges the eel size, the separating plate is driven by the first motor 4 to realize eel size screening; the eel size judging device comprises a feed inlet 1, a track, a baffle, a time sensor 3 and an angular displacement sensor 15; the track comprises a first track 13 and a second track 14, the time sensor 15 and the angular displacement sensor 3 are positioned on two sides of the middle part of the first track, and the included angle between the first track 13 and the second track 14 is 165 degrees.

The eel slaughtering mode is that the head of the eel is usually manually grasped, then the eel is directly cut off, the belly is broken again to remove internal organs, finally the body is remained, but the head of the eel is rich in a plurality of proteins and amino acids required by the human body, the eel is rich in nutrition, a plurality of people also see the eel as delicacy and deliciousness, the fact that the eel is removed is cherished, the manual processing of the eel is too hurt the hand and time, in order to improve the efficiency of eel slaughtering, a fixed triangular blade is adopted, the eel is driven to move forwards by a steel stab penetrating into the head, the whole eel can be scratched from a cutter, and the belly breaking effect is achieved. The internal organs of eels contain dirt and are inedible, so the internal organs are removed manually, and the internal organs are generally torn out by hands, which is time-consuming and inefficient in removing the internal organs. In order to improve the removal efficiency and reduce labor force, a certain simple mechanical structure is selected to replace manual viscera removal, a rotatable scraper is adopted, when the eel moves to a designated position, the scraper is driven to rotate from the eel belly through the rotation of a turntable, and the removal of the viscera of the eel is completed. The eel handling mechanism thus comprises a slaughtering mechanism, a belly breaking mechanism and a evisceration mechanism 10.

The slaughtering mechanism comprises an infrared sensor 5 and a steel thorn 6, when the infrared sensor 5 detects that the head of the eel reaches a preset position, the steel thorn 6 falls down to pierce the head of the eel, directly pierces the central nerve of the eel to kill the eel and fix the head of the eel, and the eel is brought to the next station. The steel prick 6 should be pricked into eel, so it has certain antiseptic property and strength and can avoid polluting the product, so the material 304 stainless steel is selected. The slaughtering mechanism further comprises clamping mechanisms which are axially and symmetrically distributed, the infrared sensor is located right above the clamping mechanisms, and the clamping mechanisms are used for fixing the heads of the eels.

The belly breaking mechanism is used for cutting the belly of the killed and fixed eel so as to facilitate the completion of the subsequent eel processing procedure. Referring to the attached figure 6 of the specification, the belly breaking mechanism comprises a triangular belly breaking blade 16, when the eel moves horizontally along with the steel prickle, the belly breaking blade 16 can cut the eel from the head to the tail, the belly breaking mechanism needs to have certain corrosion resistance, the belly breaking blade 16 needs to have certain sharpness, 304 stainless steel with good corrosion resistance and high hardness is selected as a material, and the belly breaking effect of the eel and the safety of aquatic products can be ensured.

After the eel is slaughtered and the abdomen is broken, the internal organs of the eel are cleaned, and a rotatable scraper is adopted. Thus, the evisceration mechanism 10 includes a turntable 17 and a rotary scraper 18; when the eel moves to the designated position, the rotating scraper 18 is driven by the rotation of the turntable 17 to rotate from the eel belly, and the removal of the eel viscera is completed. Referring to the description of fig. 7-8, the rotating doctor blade 18 has 3 doctor feet distributed at 120 degrees about the center. The mechanism can scrape viscera, needs certain strength to avoid polluting food, and needs to have antirust performance. The material 304 stainless steel is therefore chosen to ensure blade strength and product safety.

Because the integral eel that has remained blood and impurity after slaughtering, getting rid of viscera, so need wash the eel totally with clear water, the manual work is that the eel that will handle is direct to be washed with tap usually, and efficiency is not high and the water resource is wasted, in order to raise the efficiency, adopts the efflux to wash the eel by both sides to the centre, can wash cleaner ground. Therefore, the cleaning mechanism comprises water outlet pipes 19 which are distributed in an axial symmetry manner and discharge water from two sides to the middle. In order to remove impurities more effectively, the cleaning mechanism shown in the figure 9 of the specification is designed. This type wiper mechanism washes by water the washing to the centre by both sides to the eel, washes remaining blood and impurity down through the faster efflux rivers. According to the related data of the eel body measured previously, the distance between the two water outlets is set to be 150 mm. In order to ensure the safety of aquatic food, the material is selected from nylon in view of reducing equipment cost.

According to the lubricated working condition, the diameter of the roller is estimated to be less than 65mm, 1 is looked up, f is taken₁0.16. And (5) checking a design manual to obtain a method for calculating the tension of the conveying chain.

Calculating the chain tension required for transporting the eel:

calculating the chain tension required for conveying the eel steel plate:

calculating the chain tension required to turn the chain itself:

selecting the quality of 20A chain: 3.91kg/m

The chain bears the maximum tension when the eel automatic processing equipment works:

F_max＝T₁+T₂+T₃ (4)

in the formula: m-mass per unit length load (kg/M); m is₁-mass per unit length (kg/m) of steel sheet: m is₂-the mass per unit length (kg/m) of the chain and of the accessories; l-sprocket center distance (m); f. of₁-the coefficient of friction between the chain and the track; g, the gravity acceleration is 9.8 m/s; t is₁-chain tension (kN) required for transporting the load; t is₂-chain tension (kN) required for transporting the gripping means; t is₃-the tension (kN) required for the rotation of the chain itself; calculated as follows: f ≈ 1.2 kN.

TABLE 1 coefficient of friction between chain and track f₁

The model of the chain is 20A-1 and the number of teeth of the chain wheel is 17, taking the working conditions of the actual use condition, environment, static strength, abrasion and the like into comprehensive consideration.

In the operation process of the automatic eel processing equipment, the chain is elastically deformed due to tension. The force from the sprocket to the conveyor chain is gradually transmitted to the chain at a certain speed, so that the speed of the entire conveyor chain is not the same. The mass of the chain participating in the acceleration movement is only a part of the chain and the load, which is the reason for the free vibration of the conveyor chain.

When the external excitation frequency is close to or equal to the natural frequency of the chain, the transmission chain of the automatic eel processing equipment generates a resonance phenomenon. Due to resonance, the tension of the chain can be increased, and the conveying chain can be damaged in severe cases, so that the normal operation of the automatic eel processing equipment is influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the resonance phenomenon of the chain and to find out the cause of the resonance.

(1) Disturbance frequency of forced vibration of conveying chain of automatic eel processing equipment

Disturbance force caused by a chain wheel on a conveying chain of the automatic eel processing equipment mainly changes periodically, and factors influencing disturbance frequency are various, and mainly include angular speed, tooth number and the like of the chain wheel. When the rotating speed of the chain wheel is omega/2 pi and the number of the chain wheel teeth is z, the disturbance period is as follows:

disturbance frequency:

(2) velocity of elastic wave

In the processing and conveying process, the weight per unit length of the load part and the no-load part is as follows:

q_c＝q₀+ξ×q (7)

q_c＝q₀ (8)

wherein: q. q.s₀-mass of the gripping means, chain and accessories per unit length; q-mass per unit length load; xi-periodic coefficient of motion, taking0.3～O.5；

When the conveying chain receives the periodically changing disturbance force, the elastic deformation of the chain is sequentially transmitted on the cross section, the transmission speed is set as v, and the elastic deformation of the chain is transmitted along the elastic wave direction.

In the formula: ε -elastic strain of the chain;

conveying chain unit length variation value:

Δq_c＝q_c-q'_c≈εq_c (10)

in the time period of delta t, the length of the deformation of the conveying chain of the automatic processing equipment is as follows:

Δl＝vΔt (11)

the carried mass:

Δm＝Δlq_c＝vΔtεq_c (12)

according to the momentum theorem:

Δmv＝v²Δtεq_c (13)

rigidity of the conveyor chain:

the elastic force is therefore:

S＝εE₀ (15)

the elastic force impulse is therefore:

SΔt＝εE₀Δt (16)

the elastic deformation transmission speed of the chain can be obtained by finishing the formula as follows:

the transmission speed of the elastic deformation of the chain during loading is as follows:

the transmission speed of the elastic deformation of the chain in no load is as follows:

the average propagation time of the elastic wave is therefore:

in the formula: l is the laying length of the conveying chain of the automatic eel processing equipment;

average propagation velocity of elastic wave:

(3) resonant speed and resonant length of chain

The fixed vibration frequency of the chain is:

in the formula, i is a positive integer of 1, 2, 3 and the like;

let δ become δ ═ δ_i：

The resonance speed of the conveyor chain is therefore:

the resonant length of the conveyor chain is:

according to the analysis of the formula, the elastic vibration of the conveying chain of the automatic eel processing equipment mainly comprises two types of vibration, namely free vibration and forced vibration. When the vibration frequencies of the two are closer and closer, the conveying chain can resonate, so that the chain is subjected to great tension and even damages to the chain, which can influence the normal operation of the automatic eel processing equipment. In order to avoid resonance phenomena of the conveyor chain, the external excitation frequency generated during the operation of the conveyor chain should avoid the natural frequency of the conveyor chain as much as possible. Based on the above calculations and analysis, the chain speed should avoid the resonance speed and the chain length should avoid the resonance length.

Considering the actual use condition of the equipment, the driving machines of the conveying chain, the cheek removing mechanism and the cutting mechanism are selected as motors.

(1) Main motor for driving conveying chain

The processing capacity of the automatic eel processing equipment is set to be 15 eels/min, and the rotating speed of the conveying chain is about 5 r/min. The formula for the chain speed is:

in the formula: v-chain speed: z is a radical of₁-the number of drive sprocket teeth; p-the pitch of the sprocket; n is₁-the rotational speed of the driving wheel; z is a radical of₁When p is 31.75mm, v is 0.045 m/s.

From the above it follows that: f is 1.2kN, and P is 0.054kW, the mechanical design manual is checked, and the selected three-phase asynchronous motor with the power of 0.37kW and the model of YS712-4 is selected. The same principle is that: the slaughtering device and the viscera removing device adopt YS712-4 type three-phase asynchronous motors as the motors, and the separating plate adopts YS632-4 type three-phase asynchronous motors with smaller power of 0.18 kW.

The invention relates to aquatic product processing equipment capable of automatically finishing size screening, slaughtering, belly breaking, viscera removing and cleaning of eel. The design is carried out according to the following three-point principle so as to better ensure the reliability of the equipment.

(1) The principle of the national related food machinery design and manufacture safety standard is met. Because the equipment is used for processing aquatic products, the material aspect needs to have certain anti-corrosion performance, the aquatic products processed products cannot be polluted, and the equipment cannot have toxicity, and the safety of the aquatic products needs to be ensured.

(2) The principle of meeting the actual requirements of aquatic enterprises is provided. The lengths of eels are not consistent, and the processing equipment needs to meet the lengths of the eels within a certain range as far as possible no matter the eels grow in natural water areas or under artificial culture. At present, the processing of the Japanese eels accounts for a high proportion in aquatic enterprises, and processing equipment is required to be adapted to the processing of the Japanese eels as far as possible. Therefore, in order to ensure the reliability and the production efficiency of the processing equipment, the requirements of aquatic enterprises on the processing process can be met through the verification by adapting to the application environment of a production workshop, so that the high production efficiency and the high reliability of the processing equipment can be reflected.

(3) The principle of flexible design is adopted. The mechanical structure parameters of the processing equipment and the position of the key mechanical structure can be properly adjusted according to specific conditions so as to meet the needs of enterprises. Since the current research on this device is in its preliminary stage, there are many factors that have not yet been considered, and further adjustments and modifications may be needed subsequently.