阅读说明：本技术 不落轮车床高精度等效锥度加工抬平装置及其方法 (High-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device and method for wheel-free lathe ) 是由 朱德生 彭友乐 金明亮 张皖涛 章德金 吴方博 周海泉 姜曦 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于车辆轮对加工装置技术领域,一方面公开了不落轮车床高精度等效锥度加工抬平装置,包括轮对,左右对称设置的摆架、测量机构、电机、丝杆、侧压装置和活动导轨,测量机构连接在丝杆的螺母座上,丝杆与电机的输出轴连接；摆架设置在轮对外侧,测量机构压紧在轮对内侧；还公开了不落轮车床高精度等效锥度加工抬平方法,包括以下步骤：S1：工件预装夹,S2：工件内侧面测量,S3：工件轮缘高点定位,S4：工件抬平高度调整,解决了轮对左右轮饼磨损不一致时,导致轮对加工等效锥度超标的问题；本发明抬平效率得到提升,抬平时间缩短,不落轮加工轮对的等效锥度精度得到提高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle wheel set processing devices, and discloses a high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of a wheel-drop-free lathe on the one hand, which comprises a wheel set, a swing frame, a measuring mechanism, a motor, a lead screw, a side pressing device and a movable guide rail, wherein the swing frame, the measuring mechanism, the motor, the lead screw, the side pressing device and the movable guide rail are arranged in bilateral symmetry; the swing frame is arranged on the outer side of the wheel pair, and the measuring mechanism is tightly pressed on the inner side of the wheel pair; also discloses a high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling method for the wheel-free lathe, which comprises the following steps: s1: pre-clamping a workpiece, S2: workpiece inner side surface measurement, S3: positioning of high point of workpiece rim, S4: the lifting height of the workpiece is adjusted, so that the problem that the equivalent taper of wheel set processing exceeds the standard when the abrasion of left and right wheel cakes of the wheel set is inconsistent is solved; the invention improves the leveling efficiency, shortens the leveling time and improves the equivalent taper precision of the wheel set processed without wheel drop.)

1. The high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device of the wheel-free lathe is characterized by comprising a wheel pair (1), a swing frame (2), a measuring mechanism (3), a motor (4), a screw rod (5), a side pressing device (6) and a movable guide rail (7), wherein the swing frame (2), the measuring mechanism (3), the motor (4), the screw rod (5), the side pressing device (6) and the movable guide rail (7) are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, the measuring mechanism (3) is connected to a nut seat of the screw rod (5), and the screw rod (5) is connected with an output shaft of the motor (4); the swing frame (2) is arranged on the outer side of the wheel pair (1), and the measuring mechanism (3) is pressed on the inner side of the wheel pair (1).

2. The high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device for the wheel-free lathe according to claim 1, wherein the swing frame (2) comprises two driving wheels (201), a driving motor (202), the driving motor (202) is connected with the two driving wheels (201) through a synchronous belt, and the driving motor (202) drives the two driving wheels (201) to rotate.

3. The high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device of the wheel-free lathe according to claim 1, wherein the measuring mechanism (3) comprises a measuring wheel (301), a connecting spring (302), an axial position sensor (303), a radial position sensor (304) and a measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305); the measuring wheel (301) is connected with a piston body of a measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) through a connecting spring (302), so that the measuring wheel (301) moves left and right in a small range after extending out, and the moving distance is fed back to a control system through an axial position sensor (303); and the extending distance of the telescopic oil cylinder (305) is measured and fed back to the control system through a radial position sensor (304).

4. The high-precision equivalent taper machining and leveling device of the wheel-free lathe according to claim 1, wherein the side pressure device (6) comprises a lifting cylinder (601), a side pressure cylinder (602) and a side pressure wheel (603); the side pressure wheel (603) is connected to the piston body of the side pressure oil cylinder (602), and the whole side pressure oil cylinder (602) is connected to the piston body of the lifting oil cylinder (601); the axial and radial movement of the side pressure wheel (603) is realized by the actions of the lifting oil cylinder (601) and the side pressure oil cylinder (602).

5. The high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling method of the wheel-free lathe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: pre-clamping a workpiece;

s2: measuring the inner side surface of the workpiece;

s3: positioning the high point of the rim of the workpiece;

s4: and adjusting the lifting height of the workpiece.

6. The method for machining and leveling the equivalent taper of the underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 5, wherein the step S1: the workpiece pre-clamping process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) drawing a processed vehicle to a processing station, lifting a swing frame (2) to lift a processed wheel pair (1) to leave a movable guide rail (7), retracting the movable guide rail (7), extending a lifting oil cylinder (601) of a side pressure device (6) to drive a side pressure oil cylinder (602) to ascend, and extending the side pressure oil cylinder (602) to drive a side pressure wheel (603) to extend to contact the inner side surface (101) of the wheel pair; the left side and the right side are simultaneously carried out, force with the opposite direction and the same magnitude is simultaneously applied, and the axial direction of the wheel pair is fixed.

7. The method for machining and leveling the equivalent taper of the underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 5, wherein the step S2: the measurement process of the inner side surface of the workpiece is as follows:

the motor (4) rotates to drive the screw rod (5) to rotate, the measuring mechanism (3) is driven to move until the measuring wheel (301) contacts the inner side surface (101), the measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) extends out, the motor (4) rotates reversely to drive the screw rod (5) to rotate to drive the measuring mechanism (3) to slowly move, the measuring wheel (301) continues to move after contacting the wheel rim (102), the connecting spring (302) compresses, the axial position sensor (303) feeds back a compression distance, and the measuring mechanism stops when the measuring wheel is compressed to a set distance W1; recording the coordinate X1 fed back by the current motor (4); the motor (4) rotates to drive the screw rod (5) to rotate, the measuring wheel (301) is driven to leave the wheel rim (102), and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) retracts; the left and the right sides are simultaneously carried out.

8. The method for machining and leveling the equivalent taper of the underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 5, wherein the step S3: the high point positioning process of the workpiece wheel rim comprises the following steps:

the axial coordinate position of the high point of the wheel rim is obtained through calculation, the motor (4) rotates to drive the screw rod (5) to rotate, the measuring mechanism (3) is driven to move, the measuring wheel (301) is located below the wheel rim (102), the measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) extends out, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) contacts the high point of the wheel rim (102) to continue moving, and the radial position sensor (304) feeds back the extending distance; the left side and the right side are carried out simultaneously, the value hL is fed back on the left side, and the value hR is fed back on the right side.

9. The method for machining and leveling the equivalent taper of the underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 5, wherein the step S4: the workpiece leveling height adjusting process comprises the following steps:

the lifting height of the left and right swing frames (2) is adjusted through the difference value of the left and right edges of the position of the wheel rim height point measured by the measuring mechanism (3), so that the axis of the wheel pair (1) is superposed with the horizontal line, and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder (305) extends and retracts; and finishing the leveling action.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of vehicle wheel set machining devices, and particularly relates to a high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device and method for a wheel-free lathe.

Background

In order to improve the operation efficiency of the high-speed rail car, the wheel set tread contour of the high-speed rail car can be trimmed to reach a standard tread shape by a non-drop wheel lathe after the wheel is worn, so that the high-speed rail car can normally run. At present, the turning lathe without wheel dropping adopts a friction driving mode, and the wheel set is driven to rotate by the friction driving mode to carry out turning on the wheel set tread. The method has the advantages that the friction wheel is required to be lifted to be in contact with the wheel set tread and a constant contact pressure is kept in the wheel set clamping process, but the axis cannot be kept flat when the wheel set is lifted due to different abrasion degrees of left and right wheel cakes, and the shape axis of the wheel set tread processed in the state deviates from the actual axis of the wheel set, so that the equivalent taper degree exceeds the standard and the like.

In the prior art, the wheel set is clamped by generally lifting a tread, and no special wheel set lifting method is available. Another technique is to calculate the wheel pair diameter by measurement and lift the wheel pair according to the difference in diameter. The scheme needs to measure the diameter of the wheel pair firstly, so that the time for lifting the wheel pair is long and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device and a method for a wheel-free lathe, and solves the problem that the equivalent taper of wheel pair machining exceeds the standard when the abrasion of left and right wheel cakes of a wheel pair is inconsistent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of the wheel-free lathe comprises a wheel pair 1, swing frames 2, a measuring mechanism 3, a motor 4, a lead screw 5, a side pressure device 6 and a movable guide rail 7 which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, wherein the measuring mechanism 3 is connected to a nut seat of the lead screw 5, and the lead screw 5 is connected with an output shaft of the motor 4; the swing frame 2 is arranged on the outer side of the wheel set 1, and the measuring mechanism 3 is tightly pressed on the inner side of the wheel set 1.

Further, the swing frame 2 comprises two driving wheels 201 and a driving motor 202, the driving motor 202 is connected with the two driving wheels 201 through a synchronous belt, and the driving motor 202 drives the two driving wheels 201 to rotate.

Further, the measuring mechanism 3 comprises a measuring wheel 301, a connecting spring 302, an axial position sensor 303, a radial position sensor 304 and a measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305; the measuring wheel 301 is connected with the piston body of the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 through a connecting spring 302, so that the measuring wheel 301 moves left and right within a small range after extending out, and the moving distance is fed back to a control system through an axial position sensor 303; the measured extension distance of the telescopic cylinder 305 is fed back to the control system via the radial position sensor 304.

Further, the side pressure device 6 comprises a lifting oil cylinder 601, a side pressure oil cylinder 602 and a side pressure wheel 603; the side pressure wheel 603 is connected to the piston body of the side pressure oil cylinder 602, and the whole side pressure oil cylinder 602 is connected to the piston body of the lifting oil cylinder 601; the axial and radial movement of the side press wheel 603 can be realized by the actions of the lift cylinder 601 and the side press cylinder 602.

The invention provides a high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling method for a non-wheel-falling lathe, which uses a high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device for the non-wheel-falling lathe and comprises the following steps: s1: pre-clamping a workpiece, S2: workpiece inner side surface measurement, S3: positioning of high point of workpiece rim, S4: and adjusting the lifting height of the workpiece.

Further, the workpiece pre-clamping process in step S1 is as follows: the processed vehicle is pulled to a processing station, the swing frame 2 is lifted, so that the processed wheel pair 1 is lifted to leave the movable guide rail 7, the movable guide rail 7 retracts, the lifting oil cylinder 601 of the side pressure device 6 extends out to drive the side pressure oil cylinder 602 to ascend, and the side pressure oil cylinder 602 extends out to drive the side pressure wheel 603 to extend out to contact the inner side surface 101 of the wheel; the left side and the right side are simultaneously carried out, force with the same reverse magnitude in one direction is simultaneously applied, and the axial direction of the wheel pair is fixed.

Further, the process of measuring the inner side surface of the workpiece in step S2 is: the motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring mechanism 3 is driven to move until the measuring wheel 301 contacts the inner side surface 101, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends out, the motor 4 rotates reversely to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate to drive the measuring mechanism 3 to slowly move, the measuring wheel 301 contacts the wheel rim 102 and then continues to move, the connecting spring 302 compresses, the axial position sensor 303 feeds back a compression distance, and the measuring mechanism stops when the axial position sensor 303 is compressed to a set distance W1; recording a coordinate X1 fed back by the current motor 4; the motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring wheel 301 is driven to leave the wheel rim 102, and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 retracts; the symmetrical devices on the left side and the right side are simultaneously carried out.

Further, the step S3 is to position the high point of the workpiece rim as follows: the axial coordinate position of the high point of the wheel rim is obtained through calculation, the motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring mechanism 3 is driven to move, the measuring wheel 301 is positioned below the wheel rim 102, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends out, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder contacts the high point of the wheel rim 102 to continue moving, and the radial position sensor 304 feeds back the extending distance; the left side and the right side are carried out simultaneously, the value hL is fed back on the left side, and the value hR is fed back on the right side.

Further, the workpiece leveling height adjusting process of step S4 is: the lifting height of the left and right swing frames 2 is adjusted through the difference value of the left and right edges of the position of the wheel flange high point measured by the measuring mechanism, so that the axis of the wheel pair is superposed with the horizontal line, and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends and retracts; and finishing the leveling action.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention solves the problem that the equivalent taper is out of tolerance caused by turning without turning when the left and right wheel cake treads of the existing wheel pair are not abraded uniformly. The leveling efficiency is remarkably improved, so that the leveling time is less than 10 seconds. The equivalent taper precision of the machining wheel set without wheel drop is remarkably improved, so that the equivalent taper is less than 0.05 degrees.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of the effect of the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device and the method thereof of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device of the wheel-free lathe.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring mechanism of the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of the wheel-free lathe.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a leveling device of the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of the wheel lathe.

Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a wheel set of the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of the wheel-free lathe.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the high-precision equivalent taper machining leveling method of the wheel-free lathe of the invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-wheel pair, 101-inner side face, 102-wheel rim, 2-swing frame, 201-driving wheel, 202-driving motor, 3-measuring mechanism, 301-measuring wheel, 302-connecting spring, 303-axial position sensor, 304-radial position sensor, 305-measuring telescopic oil cylinder, 4-motor, 5-screw rod, 6-side pressure device, 601-lifting oil cylinder, 602-side pressure oil cylinder, 603-side pressure wheel and 7-movable guide rail.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling device of the wheel-free lathe comprises a wheel pair 1, swing frames 2, a measuring mechanism 3, a motor 4, a lead screw 5, a side pressure device 6 and a movable guide rail 7 which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, wherein the measuring mechanism 3 is connected to a nut seat of the lead screw 5, and the lead screw 5 is connected with an output shaft of the motor 4; the swing frame 2 is arranged on the outer side of the wheel set 1, and the measuring mechanism 3 is tightly pressed on the inner side of the wheel set 1.

Preferably, the swing frame 2 comprises two driving wheels 201 and a driving motor 202, the driving motor 202 is connected with the two driving wheels 201 through a timing belt, and the driving motor 202 drives the two driving wheels 201 to rotate.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the measuring mechanism 3 includes a measuring wheel 301, a connecting spring 302, an axial position sensor 303, a radial position sensor 304, a measuring telescopic cylinder 305; the measuring wheel 301 is connected with the piston body of the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 through a connecting spring 302, so that the measuring wheel 301 moves left and right within a small range after extending out, and the moving distance is fed back to a control system through an axial position sensor 303; the measured extension distance of the telescopic cylinder 305 is fed back to the control system via the radial position sensor 304.

Preferably, the lateral pressure device 6 comprises a lifting oil cylinder 601, a lateral pressure oil cylinder 602 and a lateral pressure wheel 603; the side pressure wheel 603 is connected to the piston body of the side pressure oil cylinder 602, and the whole side pressure oil cylinder 602 is connected to the piston body of the lifting oil cylinder 601; the axial and radial movement of the side press wheel 603 can be realized by the actions of the lift cylinder 601 and the side press cylinder 602.

The invention provides a high-precision equivalent taper processing leveling method for a wheel-free lathe, which comprises the following steps of: s1: pre-clamping a workpiece, S2: workpiece inner side surface measurement, S3: positioning of high point of workpiece rim, S4: and adjusting the lifting height of the workpiece.

Preferably, the workpiece pre-clamping process in step S1 is as follows: the processed vehicle is pulled to a processing station, the swing frame 2 is lifted, so that the processed wheel pair 1 is lifted and separated from the movable guide rail 7, the movable guide rail 7 retracts, the lifting oil cylinder 601 of the side pressure device 6 extends out to drive the side pressure oil cylinder 602 to ascend, and the side pressure oil cylinder 602 extends out to drive the side pressure wheel 603 to extend out to contact the inner side surface 101 of the wheel. The left side and the right side are simultaneously carried out, force with the same reverse magnitude in one direction is simultaneously applied, and the axial direction of the wheel pair is fixed.

Preferably, the workpiece inner side surface measuring process of step S2 is: the motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring mechanism 3 is driven to move until the measuring wheel 301 contacts the inner side surface 101, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends out, the motor 4 rotates reversely to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate to drive the measuring mechanism 3 to slowly move, the measuring wheel 301 contacts the wheel rim 102 and then continues to move, the connecting spring 302 compresses, the axial position sensor 303 feeds back a compression distance, and the measuring mechanism stops when the axial position sensor 303 is compressed to a set distance W1. The coordinate X1 fed back by the current motor 4 is recorded. The motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring wheel 301 is driven to leave the wheel rim 102, and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 retracts; the symmetrical devices on the left side and the right side are simultaneously carried out.

Preferably, the step S3 workpiece rim high point positioning process is: the axial coordinate position of the high point of the wheel rim is obtained through calculation, the motor 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, the measuring mechanism 3 is driven to move, the measuring wheel 301 is positioned below the wheel rim 102, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends out, the measuring telescopic oil cylinder contacts the high point of the wheel rim 102 to continue moving, and the radial position sensor 304 feeds back the extending distance; the left side and the right side are carried out simultaneously, the value hL is fed back on the left side, and the value hR is fed back on the right side.

Calculating axial position coordinate X of wheel rim high point

X= X1-13.5- W /2+ W1

X1 coordinates fed back by the motor 4

W is the width of the contact surface of the measuring wheel 301

W1: compressed to a set distance

Preferably, the workpiece leveling height adjusting process of step S4 is: the lifting height of the left and right swing frames 2 is adjusted through the difference value of the left and right edges of the position of the wheel flange high point measured by the measuring mechanism, so that the axis of the wheel pair is superposed with the horizontal line, and the measuring telescopic oil cylinder 305 extends and retracts; and finishing the leveling action.

Calculating the left-right difference of the high point of the rim

∆h=hL-hR

Referring to fig. 1, leveling is achieved by the present invention.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.