阅读说明：本技术 一种阶梯染色式蜡染制作方法 (Stepped dyeing type wax printing manufacturing method ) 是由 洋珊珊 于 2021-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种阶梯染色式蜡染制作方法,包括准备材料：土布、植物蓝靛染料、蜂蜡、铜刀、蜡染锅；然后裁剪土布,将蜂蜡放入蜡染锅中溶化并进行恒温储备；接着在土布上用铅笔绘制出线稿并编号,用小号铜刀蘸取蜡液勾勒出创作的线稿,然后用大号铜刀进行白色部分的铺蜡；铺蜡后把土布浸入染缸,30min后取出氧化,把多余的水分吸干；然后对其它同色系的颜色依次进行由浅到深的铺蜡和染色；最后进行脱蜡和晾干。本发明通过多次铺蜡与浸染,完成了蜡染技艺的改良,突破了原有蜡染单一的配色,实现丰富同类色的蜡染效果,另外本发明所提供的方法原理可适用于任何同色系、多层次的蜡染图案创作。(The invention relates to a stepped dyeing type wax printing manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps of: soil cloth, plant indigo dye, beeswax, a copper knife and a batik pot; then cutting the soil cloth, putting the beeswax into a wax printing pot to be dissolved and storing at constant temperature; drawing line drafts on the soil cloth by using a pencil, numbering the line drafts, dipping wax liquid by using a small copper knife to draw the created line drafts, and then spreading wax on a white part by using a large copper knife; after wax is laid, the soil cloth is immersed into a dye vat, taken out for oxidation after 30min, and the excess water is sucked dry; then sequentially carrying out wax spreading and dyeing on the colors of other same color systems from light to dark; finally, dewaxing and drying. The wax printing method completes the improvement of the wax printing technology through wax spreading and dip printing for many times, breaks through the single color matching of the original wax printing, realizes the wax printing effect of rich same color, and can be suitable for any wax printing pattern creation with same color system and multiple layers.)

1. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: comprises a piece of clay cloth, plant indigo dye, beeswax, a copper knife and a batik pot;

step two: cutting the soil cloth: cutting the soil cloth according to the size of the wax printing pattern;

step three: cutting and melting wax: cutting a large beeswax block into small blocks which can be placed in a batik pot, placing the small blocks in the batik pot for melting, and storing the liquid wax at constant temperature after the beeswax block is melted;

step four: drawing and numbering line drafts: drawing a pre-designed pattern on the cut soil cloth by using a pencil, and numbering the colors of white and other same color systems respectively;

step five: wax spreading and multilayer multiple dyeing: firstly, flatly paving the canvas on which the line manuscript is drawn on a desktop, dipping the wax liquid stored in the third step by using a small copper knife with the knife edge width of 2.0-2.1cm, shaking off the redundant wax liquid on the copper knife at the pot edge after dipping to ensure that a flat and uniform line can be drawn, and drawing out the line manuscript part to be created; then, a large copper knife with the knife edge width of 3.4-3.5cm is used for spreading wax on the white part and dyeing; sequentially carrying out wax spreading and dyeing on the colors of other same color systems from light to dark;

step six: dewaxing and drying in the air.

2. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the temperature of the batik pan is between 100 and 120 ℃ when the beeswax blocks are melted.

3. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the temperature is adjusted to 90-95 ℃ when the wax liquid is stored at a constant temperature.

4. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the whole cloth is completely contacted with air during each oxidation, and the whole cloth cannot be tiled or folded until the whole cloth is oxidized without dripping water.

5. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein: and fifthly, when the white part is dyed, soaking the cloth paved with the white part into a dye vat for dip dyeing for 30-35min, and then taking out for oxidation.

6. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein: and fifthly, when wax is laid and multilayer dyeing is carried out for multiple times, the numbered handwriting is deepened by a pencil after moisture is absorbed before wax is laid each time.

7. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein: and in the fifth step, when wax is laid and multi-layer dyeing is carried out for multiple times, the time of the next oxidation is twice that of the previous oxidation.

8. The stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein: and dewaxing times in the sixth step are not limited, so that dewaxing is ensured to be clean.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wax printing technologies, and particularly relates to a stepped dyeing type wax printing manufacturing method.

Background

The wax printing is wax resist printing, which belongs to the wax printing technology in the non-material cultural heritage of China. The wax printing technology is characterized in that after thousands of years, Miao people keep the manufacturing process completely, at present, the ancient manufacturing process is still adopted, the main process flow is to plant indigo, weave soil cloth, manufacture plant dye, manufacture beewax and a copper knife, then begin to draw wax on the cloth, draw beautiful patterns, then enter a dye vat to dye the cloth, finally oxidize the dyed cloth, dewax the cloth by using boiling water after oxidation, clean wax liquid on the surface of the cloth, and dry the cloth to finish wax printing.

The wax printing is made to have the effect of 'blue bottom and white flower', the whole picture has two colors, blue is the dyed color, and white is the undyed color after the wax is prevented from being dyed. The prior wax printing product is required for the clothes and the inhabitation of the Miao family, and the prior wax printing is brought into non-heritable culture of China and pushed to the world, thus becoming culture which is deeply loved by the public. The wax printing is famous for 'blue bottom white flower', the development is carried out every thousand years, the form of the wax printing 'blue bottom white flower' is slightly monotonous facing the excellent culture of the shape and the color of the current wax printing, and the traditional wax printing manufacturing process can not realize the change of multi-level same color at present, so a new wax printing manufacturing method is provided through a great deal of research, the traditional wax printing manufacturing method is improved and upgraded according to the development of modern culture, the aesthetic requirements of times are met, and the traditional wax printing culture of China is developed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method, which is an improvement and innovation of batik technology and solves the problem of single batik color.

A stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: comprises a piece of clay cloth, plant indigo dye, beeswax, a copper knife and a batik pot;

step two: cutting the soil cloth: cutting the soil cloth according to the size of the wax printing pattern;

step three: cutting and melting wax: cutting a large beeswax block into small blocks which can be placed in a batik pot, placing the small blocks in the batik pot for melting, and storing the liquid wax at constant temperature after the beeswax block is melted;

step four: drawing and numbering line drafts: drawing a pre-designed pattern on the cut soil cloth by using a pencil, and numbering the colors of white and other same color systems respectively;

step five: wax spreading and multilayer multiple dyeing: firstly, flatly paving the canvas on which the line manuscript is drawn on a desktop, dipping the wax liquid stored in the third step by using a small copper knife with the knife edge width of 2.0-2.1cm, shaking off the redundant wax liquid on the copper knife at the pot edge after dipping to ensure that a flat and uniform line can be drawn, and drawing out the line manuscript part to be created; then, a large copper knife with the knife edge width of 3.4-3.5cm is used for spreading wax on the white part and dyeing; sequentially carrying out wax spreading and dyeing on the colors of other same color systems from light to dark;

step six: dewaxing and drying in the air.

And in the second step, the temperature of the batik pan is between 100 and 120 ℃ when the beeswax blocks are melted.

And in the second step, the temperature is adjusted to 90-95 ℃ when the wax liquid is stored at a constant temperature.

In the fifth step, the whole cloth is completely contacted with air during each oxidation, and the whole cloth cannot be tiled or folded until the whole cloth is oxidized without dripping water.

And fifthly, when the white part is dyed, soaking the cloth paved with the white part into a dye vat for dip dyeing for 30-35min, and then taking out for oxidation.

And fifthly, when wax is laid and multilayer dyeing is carried out for multiple times, the numbered handwriting is deepened by a pencil after moisture is absorbed before wax is laid each time.

And in the fifth step, when wax is laid and multi-layer dyeing is carried out for multiple times, the time of the next oxidation is twice that of the previous oxidation.

And dewaxing times in the sixth step are not limited, so that dewaxing is ensured to be clean.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the wax printing method completes the improvement of the wax printing technology through wax spreading and dip printing for many times, breaks through the single color matching of the original wax printing, realizes the wax printing effect of rich same color, and can be suitable for any wax printing pattern creation with same color system and multiple layers.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a line draft drawing completion according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention will be described in detail by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A stepped dyeing type batik manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: comprises a piece of clay cloth, plant indigo dye, beeswax, a copper knife and a batik pot.

Step two: cutting the soil cloth: the soil cloth was cut according to the size of the required batik pattern, and the size of the cut soil cloth in this example was 800 × 600 mm.

Step three: cutting and melting wax: cutting a large block of beeswax into small blocks which can be put into a batik pot, putting the small blocks into the batik pot for melting, adjusting the temperature of the batik pot to 110 degrees to melt the beeswax blocks, and adjusting the temperature to 90 degrees after the beeswax blocks are melted to store the liquid wax at constant temperature.

Step four: drawing and numbering line drafts: drawing a pre-designed pattern on the cut soil cloth by using a pencil, and numbering the colors of white and other same color systems respectively, wherein the color of the four levels is white, blue 1, blue 2 and blue 3 respectively, the blue 1, the blue 2 and the blue 3 belong to the same color system, and the lightness of the color is changed from bright to dark, namely the color is changed from light to dark; on the soil cloth, white is denoted by "0", blue 1 is denoted by "1", blue 2 is denoted by "2", blue 3 is denoted by "3", and the line draft drawn in this example is shown in fig. 1. The boundary between the clear color blocks can be drawn for a complicated design draft through pencil drawing and numbering, and meanwhile, a clear manufacturing idea is provided for creation.

Step five: wax spreading and multilayer multiple dyeing: firstly, the canvas on which the line manuscript is drawn is flatly paved on a desktop, a small copper knife with the knife edge width of 2.0cm is used for dipping the wax liquid stored in the third step, the redundant wax liquid on the copper knife is shaken off at the pot edge after the dipping, the flat and uniform lines can be drawn, the line manuscript part can be sketched out, the line manuscript falling off in the dip dyeing process can be avoided, and the path of the terrace can be standardized. Then sequentially carrying out wax spreading and dyeing on the three colors of other same color systems from light to dark: in the embodiment, firstly, a large copper knife with the knife edge width of 3.5cm is used for spreading wax on the white part, namely the part with the number of 0, and the cloth with the spread white part is immersed in a dye vat for dip dyeing for 30min and then taken out for oxidation; then absorbing water, deepening the numbered handwriting again by using a pencil, then spreading wax on the blue 1 part, namely the number 1 part, immersing the cloth subjected to wax spreading in a dye vat for 60min, and taking out for oxidation; and then, after moisture is absorbed, spreading wax on blue 2, namely the part numbered with the number of 2, immersing the cloth with the wax spread into the dye vat again for 120min, carrying out dip dyeing for the last time, and taking out and oxidizing after the dip dyeing is finished. In this step, it should be noted that each oxidation completely contacts the whole cloth with air, and the whole cloth cannot be laid flat or folded until the whole cloth is oxidized without dripping water.

Step six: dewaxing and airing: in the embodiment, almost the whole picture is thickly paved by the wax liquid, and the wax cannot be completely removed by one-time dewaxing, so that three-time dewaxing is performed in the embodiment; after dewaxing, washing wax residues attached to the cloth with warm water of 35-40 ℃, and naturally airing outdoors.