阅读说明：本技术 一种二次雷达装置和方法 (Secondary radar device and method ) 是由 罗海 王世民 王爱国 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种二次雷达装置和方法,包括相控阵天线单元；以及与所述相控阵天线单元连接的调度单元；所述调度单元用于调度相控阵天线单元的不同天线阵子组阵,从而改变天线波束指向,能够达到360°方位完全覆盖；本发明不需要转台,不会增加制造成本,能够大大提高二次雷达装置平台适应性等。(The invention discloses a secondary radar device and a method, comprising a phased array antenna unit; and a scheduling unit connected to the phased array antenna unit; the scheduling unit is used for scheduling different antenna array sub-arrays of the phased array antenna unit so as to change the direction of antenna beams and achieve the complete coverage of 360-degree azimuth; the invention does not need a rotary table, does not increase the manufacturing cost, and can greatly improve the platform adaptability of the secondary radar device.)

1. A secondary radar apparatus, comprising:

a phased array antenna unit;

and a scheduling unit connected to the phased array antenna unit; the scheduling unit is used for scheduling different antenna array sub-arrays of the phased array antenna unit, so that the direction of antenna beams is changed, and the full coverage of 360-degree azimuth can be achieved.

2. The secondary radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an equipment compartment, the phased array antenna unit is installed outside the equipment compartment, and the scheduling unit is installed inside the equipment compartment.

3. A secondary radar apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phased array antenna unit comprises a circular phased array antenna.

4. A secondary radar apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein the scheduling unit includes a processing host; the processing host is connected with the phased array antenna unit through a radio frequency cable.

5. The secondary radar device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the circular phased array antenna comprises at least two layers, each layer is provided with a plurality of antenna elements, and the antenna elements of each layer are connected with the scheduling unit.

6. The secondary radar apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the processing host comprises a T/R module, a beam steering module, a processing module and a power module, the T/R module is connected to the beam steering module, the beam steering module is connected to the processing module, and the power module is used for supplying power.

7. The secondary radar apparatus of claim 6 wherein the plurality of antenna elements of at least one layer form omnidirectional control channel antenna beams under the scheduling of the scheduling unit, and wherein the plurality of antenna elements of at least one layer form Σ, Δ beams under the scheduling of the scheduling unit.

8. The secondary radar apparatus as claimed in claim 7, comprising a power divider; the antenna elements of the first layer are connected with the control channel T/R component through the power divider and used for forming omnidirectional control channel antenna beams; a plurality of antenna elements of second layer pass through the radio frequency cable and are connected with digital T/R subassembly, and 2 antenna elements correspond 1 way digital T/R subassembly on the route, and the during operation selects one of them access digital T/R subassembly in 2 antenna elements through the inside switch of digital T/R subassembly.

9. A method based on the secondary radar device of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1, a transmitting process, after the initialization of the secondary radar device is completed, signal coding is carried out according to a control command, and the space radiation is carried out through an antenna after modulation and amplification;

and S2, a receiving process, namely receiving the response signal through the antenna array, and finally forming a point track for reporting after down-conversion, intermediate frequency processing, DBF processing and decoding.

10. The method of claim 9,

in step S1, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s11, initializing the secondary radar device after starting up; meanwhile, the processing module uniformly issues the beam forming coefficients to the beam control module, performs beam scheduling in a default mode after the beam forming coefficients are issued, and issues wave control information to the beam control module through a wave position setting command to complete the beam scheduling;

s12, the secondary radar device receives the wave beam dispatching command through the network, and the wave position and the rotating speed are set;

s13, after receiving the wave position setting command, the wave beam control module performs wave position configuration and calls phase and amplitude weighting information;

s14, the secondary radar device receives the network control command, and the processing module carries out signal coding according to the control command;

s15, the coded information is sent to the beam control module, the beam control module completes signal modulation and amplitude phase weighting processing, and the signals are sent to the T/R component in a multi-path mode;

s16, the T/R component amplifies the power of the received radio frequency signal, and then the radio frequency signal is radiated to the corresponding antenna array of the circular phased array antenna through the radio frequency cable;

in step S2, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s21, after being received by the circular phased array antenna array, the response signal of the aerial target is sent to a T/R channel corresponding to the T/R component through a radio frequency cable;

s22, the corresponding multi-channel T/R channel carries out amplitude limiting, filtering, frequency mixing and amplification processing on the received response signal, down-converts the response signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to the beam control module;

s23, the beam control module carries out AD sampling on the intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, sends the digital signal into the FPGA for demodulation, beam synthesis and phase discrimination processing, forms two paths of results of sigma and delta and sends the results to the processing module;

and S24, the processing module extracts the code, amplitude and distance data of the received information to form DMA data, and the DMA data is sent to an internal processing unit to perform OBA table look-up, point trace aggregation and track preprocessing to form target data.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of secondary radars, in particular to a secondary radar device and a secondary radar method.

Background

A Secondary radar (SSR) system transmits a 1030MHz query signal and radiates outwards through an antenna; meanwhile, 1090MHz response signals of the onboard transponder are received through the antenna to acquire information such as the position, the height, the flight number, the identification code and the like of the target. The secondary radar is used as important equipment for air traffic control, is widely applied to the field of traffic control in civil and military aviation, and plays an indispensable role in airspace monitoring and flight safety guarantee.

The secondary radar antenna generally drives the mode that the antenna is rotatory through servo revolving stage and realizes 360 azimuth coverage, installs usually at a radar antenna top, follows a radar antenna rotation, perhaps installs alone on servo revolving stage, independent work.

The conventional secondary radar antenna needs to be erected on the primary radar antenna or an antenna rotary table and an antenna are independently installed. Limited by a matched platform, the situation that a primary radar does not exist may exist, and a secondary radar device needs to be erected independently at the moment. In the face of this situation, there are generally two solutions:

1. the secondary radar antenna adopts a mechanical antenna, the processing host is installed in the ground equipment cabin, and at the moment, because three paths of radio frequency signals need to be transmitted, subtracted and controlled, a rotary table with a rotary joint needs to be erected independently. The price of the turntable is hundreds of thousands of general, the price of the turntable with high foreign reliability is more than millions, and the manufacturing cost of the equipment is greatly increased.

2. The secondary radar adopts a phased array antenna, and the processing host is arranged in the ground equipment cabin. The antennas are in a triangular layout, and each array face is responsible for 120-degree azimuth coverage. Due to the large scanning range of each array surface, the antenna pattern is poor when the array surface is scanned to a large angle. The equipment adopting the scheme generally selects a phased array antenna with a large array surface, the mechanical size of a single antenna reaches four meters or five meters, and the size of the whole array surface is larger at the moment. Many small platforms are limited by the size of the platform, and cannot be provided with the large-size antenna array surface.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a secondary radar device and a secondary radar method, wherein a turntable is required, the manufacturing cost is not increased, and the platform adaptability of the secondary radar device can be greatly improved.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:

a secondary radar apparatus comprising:

a phased array antenna unit;

and a scheduling unit connected to the phased array antenna unit; the scheduling unit is used for scheduling different antenna array sub-arrays of the phased array antenna unit, so that the direction of antenna beams is changed, and the full coverage of 360-degree azimuth can be achieved.

Further, the phased array antenna unit comprises an equipment cabin, the phased array antenna unit is installed outside the equipment cabin, and the scheduling unit is installed inside the equipment cabin.

Further, the phased array antenna unit includes a circular phased array antenna.

Further, the scheduling unit comprises a processing host; the processing host is connected with the phased array antenna unit through a radio frequency cable.

Furthermore, the circular phased array antenna comprises at least two layers, each layer is provided with a plurality of antenna arrays, and the antenna arrays on each layer are connected with the scheduling unit.

Furthermore, the processing host comprises a T/R component, a beam control module, a processing module and a power module, wherein the T/R component is connected with the beam control module, the beam control module is connected with the processing module, and the power module is used for supplying power.

Furthermore, the antenna elements of at least one layer form an omnidirectional control channel antenna beam under the scheduling of the scheduling unit, and the antenna elements of at least one layer form a sigma-delta beam under the scheduling of the scheduling unit.

Further, the power divider is included; the antenna elements of the first layer are connected with the control channel T/R component through the power divider and used for forming omnidirectional control channel antenna beams; a plurality of antenna elements of second layer pass through the radio frequency cable and are connected with digital T/R subassembly, and 2 antenna elements correspond 1 way digital T/R subassembly on the route, and the during operation selects one of them access digital T/R subassembly in 2 antenna elements through the inside switch of digital T/R subassembly.

A method based on the secondary radar device as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:

s1, a transmitting process, after the initialization of the secondary radar device is completed, signal coding is carried out according to a control command, and the space radiation is carried out through an antenna after modulation and amplification;

and S2, a receiving process, namely receiving the response signal through the antenna array, and finally forming a point track for reporting after down-conversion, intermediate frequency processing, DBF processing and decoding.

Further, in step S1, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s11, initializing the secondary radar device after starting up; meanwhile, the processing module uniformly issues the beam forming coefficients to the beam control module, performs beam scheduling in a default mode after the beam forming coefficients are issued, and issues wave control information to the beam control module through a wave position setting command to complete the beam scheduling;

s12, the secondary radar device receives the wave beam dispatching command through the network, and the wave position and the rotating speed are set;

s13, after receiving the wave position setting command, the wave beam control module performs wave position configuration and calls phase and amplitude weighting information;

s14, the secondary radar device receives the network control command, and the processing module carries out signal coding according to the control command;

s15, the coded information is sent to the beam control module, the beam control module completes signal modulation and amplitude phase weighting processing, and the signals are sent to the T/R component in a multi-path mode;

s16, the T/R component amplifies the power of the received radio frequency signal, and then the radio frequency signal is radiated to the corresponding antenna array of the circular phased array antenna through the radio frequency cable;

in step S2, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s21, after being received by the circular phased array antenna array, the response signal of the aerial target is sent to a T/R channel corresponding to the T/R component through a radio frequency cable;

s22, the corresponding multi-channel T/R channel carries out amplitude limiting, filtering, frequency mixing and amplification processing on the received response signal, down-converts the response signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to the beam control module;

s23, the beam control module carries out AD sampling on the intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, sends the digital signal into the FPGA for demodulation, beam synthesis and phase discrimination processing, forms two paths of results of sigma and delta and sends the results to the processing module;

and S24, the processing module extracts the code, amplitude and distance data of the received information to form DMA data, and the DMA data is sent to an internal processing unit to perform OBA table look-up, point trace aggregation and track preprocessing to form target data.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the novel secondary radar device and the method do not need a turntable and do not increase the manufacturing cost; meanwhile, the antenna array surface of the embodiment of the invention is small, is not easily limited by an installation platform, can greatly improve the platform adaptability of the secondary radar device, and solves the problems of high manufacturing cost and limited installation platform of the conventional secondary radar device.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circular phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circular phased array antenna sub-array mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a transmit flow diagram of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a receiving flow chart of the method of the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a secondary radar apparatus includes:

a phased array antenna unit;

and a scheduling unit connected to the phased array antenna unit; the scheduling unit is used for scheduling different antenna array sub-arrays of the phased array antenna unit, thereby changing the direction of antenna beams and achieving the purpose of complete coverage in 360-degree directions.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna unit comprises an equipment cabin, the phased array antenna unit is arranged outside the equipment cabin, and the scheduling unit is arranged inside the equipment cabin.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna unit comprises a circular phased array antenna.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling unit includes a processing host; the processing host is connected with the phased array antenna unit through a radio frequency cable.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the circular phased array antenna includes at least two layers, each layer is provided with a plurality of antenna elements, and the antenna elements of each layer are connected to the scheduling unit.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the processing host includes a T/R component, a beam control module, a processing module, and a power module, the T/R component is connected to the beam control module, the beam control module is connected to the processing module, and the power module is configured to supply power.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the antenna elements of at least one layer form an omnidirectional control channel antenna beam under the scheduling of the scheduling unit, and the antenna elements of at least one layer form a Σ, Δ beam under the scheduling of the scheduling unit.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the power divider is included; the antenna elements of the first layer are connected with the control channel T/R component through the power divider and used for forming omnidirectional control channel antenna beams; a plurality of antenna elements of second layer pass through the radio frequency cable and are connected with digital T/R subassembly, and 2 antenna elements correspond 1 way digital T/R subassembly on the route, and the during operation selects one of them access digital T/R subassembly in 2 antenna elements through the inside switch of digital T/R subassembly.

A method based on the secondary radar device as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:

s1, a transmitting process, after the initialization of the secondary radar device is completed, signal coding is carried out according to the control command, and the space radiation is carried out through the antenna after modulation and amplification;

and S2, a receiving process, namely receiving the response signal through the antenna array, and finally forming a point track for reporting after down-conversion, intermediate frequency processing, DBF processing and decoding.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s11, initializing the secondary radar device after starting up; meanwhile, the processing module uniformly issues the beam forming coefficients to the beam control module, performs beam scheduling in a default mode after the beam forming coefficients are issued, and issues wave control information to the beam control module through a wave position setting command to complete the beam scheduling;

s12, the secondary radar device receives the wave beam dispatching command through the network, and the wave position and the rotating speed are set;

s13, after receiving the wave position setting command, the wave beam control module performs wave position configuration and calls phase and amplitude weighting information;

s14, the secondary radar device receives the network control command, and the processing module carries out signal coding according to the control command;

s15, the coded information is sent to the beam control module, the beam control module completes signal modulation and amplitude phase weighting processing, and the signals are sent to the T/R component in a multi-path mode;

s16, the T/R component amplifies the power of the received radio frequency signal, and then the radio frequency signal is radiated to the corresponding antenna array of the circular phased array antenna through the radio frequency cable;

in step S2, the method includes the sub-steps of:

s21, after being received by the circular phased array antenna array, the response signal of the aerial target is sent to a T/R channel corresponding to the T/R component through a radio frequency cable;

s22, the corresponding multi-channel T/R channel carries out amplitude limiting, filtering, frequency mixing and amplification processing on the received response signal, down-converts the response signal to an intermediate frequency signal, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to the beam control module;

s23, the beam control module carries out AD sampling on the intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, sends the digital signal into the FPGA for demodulation, beam synthesis and phase discrimination processing, forms two paths of results of sigma and delta and sends the results to the processing module;

and S24, the processing module extracts the code, amplitude and distance data of the received information to form DMA data, and the DMA data is sent to an internal processing unit to perform OBA table look-up, point trace aggregation and track preprocessing to form target data.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus is realized by the following means: the system consists of a processing host, a circular phased array antenna, a matching cable and the like. According to the actual use environment requirement of the equipment, the manufacturing cost of the equipment and the reliability of the equipment are considered, the circular array antenna is independently installed on the top of the installation platform, and the rest components are installed in the equipment cabin. Considering the influence of electromagnetic wave reflection on the antenna, the antenna mounting position needs to be raised to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the antenna mounting position is in an open position, so that no metal reflector exists.

The processing host is arranged in the equipment shelter and is connected with the antenna through the radio frequency cable. The processing host consists of a power supply, a signal processing part, a beam control part, a T/R component and the like. The processing host adopts a modular design, each function is independent, various interfaces are reserved simultaneously, the requirements of various matching platform interfaces can be met, and the adaptability is good. The processing host has perfect built-in self-checking information, monitors the states of key signals and key components in real time, can quickly locate the fault position, and is convenient for later maintenance and troubleshooting.

The circular phased array antenna adopts a half-wave printing array radiator, the array radiation efficiency is high, and the circular phased array antenna has the characteristic of bandwidth after balanced feed. The antennas with the diameter of 1440mm are uniformly arranged in an annular array of 30 antenna arrays to form Σ, Δ, and Ω beams of the antennas, and a schematic diagram of the antenna structure is shown in fig. 2.

Circular phased array antenna comprises two-layer, and every layer 30 array, upper 30 arrays pass through the merit and divide the ware to be connected with a control TR, mainly used forms the control channel antenna beam of qxcomm technology to reduce the backscatter of antenna. The lower 30 antenna elements are used for forming sigma and delta beams. 30 lower floor's array passes through the radio frequency cable and links to each other with digital T/R subassembly, and 2 antenna array correspond 1 way digital T/R on the route, and during operation selects one of them access digit T/R in 2 antenna array through the inside switch of digital T/R subassembly.

During operation, only 14 antenna elements of the circular phased-array antenna participate in array formation, antenna beam forming is completed by selecting 14 different antenna elements from 30 antenna arrays, beam pointing is changed, complete coverage at 360-degree angles is achieved, 30 antenna elements of a control channel operate at full time, and an array formation mode during operation is shown in fig. 3.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the method is implemented by the following technical solutions:

and 4, step 4: after the initialization of the equipment is completed, signal coding is carried out according to the control command, and the space radiation is carried out through the antenna after modulation and amplification. The transmission flow is shown in fig. 4. The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:

step 41: after the device is started, the device is initialized. Meanwhile, the processing module uniformly issues the beam forming coefficients to the beam control module, performs beam scheduling in a default mode after the beam forming coefficients are issued, and issues wave control information to the beam control module through a wave position setting command to complete the beam scheduling;

step 41: the secondary radar device receives a beam scheduling command through a network and completes the setting of a wave position and a rotating speed;

step 42: after receiving a wave position setting command, the wave beam control module performs wave position configuration and calls phase and amplitude weighting information;

step 43: the secondary radar device receives a network control command, and the processing module carries out signal coding according to the control command;

step 44: the coded information is sent to a beam control module, the beam control module completes signal modulation and amplitude phase weighting processing, and the signals are branched into 14 paths and sent to a T/R component;

step 45: the T/R component amplifies the power of the received radio frequency signal and then radiates the radio frequency signal to the corresponding antenna array of the circular phased array antenna through the radio frequency cable.

And 5: and receiving the response signal through the antenna array, and finally forming a point track report through down-conversion, intermediate frequency processing, DBF processing and decoding. The receiving process is shown in fig. 5. The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:

step 51: after being received by the circular phased array antenna array, the response signal of the aerial target is transmitted to a TR channel corresponding to the T/R component through a radio frequency cable;

step 52: the corresponding 14 paths of TR channels carry out amplitude limiting, filtering, frequency mixing, amplification and other processing on the received response signals, down-convert the response signals to 140MHz intermediate frequency signals, and send the intermediate frequency signals to the beam control module;

step 53: the beam control module carries out AD sampling on the intermediate frequency signal, converts an analog signal into a digital signal, sends the digital signal into the FPGA for demodulation, beam synthesis, phase discrimination and other processing, and forms two paths of results of sigma and delta and sends the results to the processing module;

step 54: the processing module extracts data such as codes, amplitudes, distances and the like from the received information to form DMA data, and the DMA data is sent to an internal processing unit to be processed by OBA table look-up, point trace aggregation, flight trace preprocessing and the like to form target data.

In the embodiment of the invention, the 1440mm circular phased array antenna is selected, 30 antenna array circular layouts are adopted only as a reference layout mode, and the array layouts with different apertures and different antenna array numbers can be selected according to the actual platform requirements.

The secondary radar device of the embodiment of the invention utilizes the circular phased array antenna to change the beam direction of the antenna by scheduling different arrays in the antenna array so as to achieve the complete coverage of 360-degree azimuth. The installation does not need a turntable, and the additional manufacturing cost is not increased. Meanwhile, the circular phased array antenna dispatches different antenna array sub-arrays through a system, the directional diagram of each wave position is a normal directional diagram of the array surface, the directional diagrams are consistent and regular, and the defect that the installation is limited due to the fact that the large-angle directional diagram is poor and the antenna aperture needs to be increased is avoided.

Other embodiments than the above examples may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure, or by adapting and using knowledge or techniques of the relevant art, and features of various embodiments may be interchanged or substituted and such modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.

The functionality of the present invention, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, and all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention are executed in a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) and corresponding software. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, or an optical disk, exist in a read-only Memory (RAM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like, for performing a test or actual data in a program implementation.