阅读说明：本技术 一种貂皮硝制工艺 (Mink tanning process ) 是由 刘丹阳 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种貂皮硝制工艺,它包括以下步骤,第一步,貂皮浸水,备槽中注水,注水前标定液位,液比为1:8-10,水中加盐12-28g/L,打开蒸汽阀门升温至32-35℃,转动3-5min将盐化开,复核化料,依次加入优莎邦W2.0cc/L,再加入优莎邦OE2.0cc/L,高敌霉BAC2.0cc/L,加料后转动3-5min。本貂皮单硝鞣制工艺制得的貂皮柔软、延展性好,鞣制时间短,并且节能环保,降低了处理成本,另外不使用铬金属,更符合环保要求。(The invention discloses a mink tanning process, which comprises the following steps of firstly, soaking mink, injecting water into a standby tank, calibrating the liquid level before injecting water, wherein the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding 12-28g/L of salt into water, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the materials, sequentially adding 2.0cc/L of Youbao, then adding 2.0cc/L of Youbao and 2.0cc/L of Gaoye mildew, and rotating for 3-5min after adding the materials. The marten skin prepared by the marten skin single-tanning technology is soft, good in ductility, short in tanning time, energy-saving and environment-friendly, reduces the treatment cost, does not use chromium metal, and meets the environment-friendly requirement.)

1. A mink tanning process is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps of,

the method comprises the steps of firstly, soaking mink skin, injecting water into a preparation tank, calibrating the liquid level before water injection, wherein the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding salt into water at 12-28g/L, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the material, sequentially adding Yousha W2.0cc/L, adding Yousha OE2.0cc/L and Gaodimei BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after feeding, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a material card, feeding the skin, soaking the skin into water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, then rotating for 5-10min, then rotating for 10-15min after standing for 2h again, and then standing for more than 5h to produce the skin;

secondly, turning the fur and stretching the fur, turning the cylindrical fur to the fur inward or the fur outward, and stretching the transverse fibers of the fur through mechanical action to improve the ductility of a finished product;

thirdly, kicking the skin, namely adding the skin into a kicking machine for kicking the skin, and adding 4-5L of kicking oil;

fourthly, turning water skin, adding a degreasing agent, sawdust, cassia seed and silicone ester, turning for 25-30min, sieving the sawdust and the cassia seed, then cutting the water skin, and removing grease on the head and the subcutaneous skin;

fifthly, a water shovel is used for removing the crude oil on the raw hide by utilizing high-pressure water and a steel brush, a butter plate is opened, and corner impurities are removed, wherein the needle cannot be penetrated by hair, the damaged skin and the lacking skin need to be picked out in the operation process of the water shovel, and the next procedure can be carried out after the skin is qualified through quality inspection;

sixthly, soaking in water again; the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding 12-28g/L of salt into water, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the materials, sequentially adding Youshan W2.0cc/L, adding Youshan OE2.0cc/L and Gaodia BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after adding the materials, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a label card, throwing the skin, immersing the skin into the water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 2h again, rotating for 10-15min, standing for more than 5h, taking out the skin, spin-drying, and throwing a hemp bag for 5min when spin-drying;

seventhly, degreasing, namely adding 25-30g/L of salt into water, then adding 1.5g/L of sodium carbonate and Ushabang OC2.0cc/L, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, rotating the peel until the peel is discharged out of the tank, then discharging water and throwing the peel, and filling a jute bag when the peel is thrown;

step eight, pickling, adding 30-40g/L of salt into water, heating to 38-40 ℃, rotating for 5-10min to dissolve the salt, adding 1.0cc/L of Youbang OC1 and 3.0cc/L of lactic acid, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 4.2, pH value to 4.6, rotating the lower skin for 25-30min, adding 2cc/L of cellulase and 4cc/L of formic acid, rotating for 1-1.5h, then shutting down, measuring pH value to be 2.5, taking out the skin after 18-22h, spin-drying for 30min by filling a hemp bag;

step nine, tanning, wherein the liquid ratio is 1:40, equipment is a rotary drum, 40-50g/L of salt is added, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, 1-3g/L of formic acid is added, 1-3g/L of sulfuric acid is added, 3-6g/L of stabilizing agent is added, 8-10g/L of zirconium-aluminum synthetic tanning agent is added after 15-20min, 2-5g/L of sodium formate is added after 6-10 h, baking soda is added for 2 times after 30min at intervals of 15min, the concentration of each time is 1.5-2.5g/L, soda is continuously added for 30min at intervals of 30min, adjusting pH to 3.8-4.5 overnight to make soda concentration 2-6g/L, cleaning the next day with water temperature controlled at 40-45 deg.C for 30-40 min, and adding fat; adding alum 20-30g/L into the preparation tank, heating to 35-38 ℃, measuring Baume to 5-5.3 after rotating for 5-10min, adding APL3.2g/L after rotating for 30min after peeling, adding tanning aid 3g/L and baking soda 2g/L after rotating for 1.5-2h, adding fatting agent 2cc/L after rotating for 15min, shutting down after rotating for 1-1.5h, and transferring to the next procedure after drying the water-out cushion sack for 1 h;

and step ten, handover, spin-drying after tanning, signing card, and handover after checking.

2. A mink fur tanning process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the ratio of the cassia seed to the sawdust is 1: 3-4.

3. A mink fur tanning process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the ninth step, adding the fatting agent, emulsifying by using 20L of hot water, uniformly stirring by using an ultrasonic oscillator, and adding.

4. A mink fur tanning process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water in the first mink skin soaking step, the sixth re-soaking step and the seventh degreasing step is the wastewater treated in the previous day.

5. A mink fur tanning process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wastewater in the nitration process is recycled after being treated by the following steps, firstly, the wastewater is subjected to biochemical treatment, enters a primary sedimentation tank through a regulating tank, is decolorized by a flocculating agent through a secondary sedimentation tank, is subjected to biochemical treatment through a biochemical tank and is decolorized again by activated carbon, so that the reduction of ammonia nitrogen, COD and chroma in the wastewater is realized; then, the wastewater after biochemical treatment is treated by an ion exchanger to reduce the hardness in the wastewater; finally, two parts are obtained after membrane treatment: the processing method comprises the steps of treating liquid and concentrated liquid, wherein the concentrated liquid is used for soaking, degreasing, pickling and tanning, and the concentrated liquid contains high-concentration salt and is used for extracting the salt in an extraction mode.

6. A mink fur tanning process as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the flocculating agent is a Weishibang high-efficiency decolorizing flocculating agent VBT-01.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of fur processing, in particular to a mink leather single-tanning process.

Background art:

chromium is required to be added in the tanning process of the prior imported mink skin, if the tanning is carried out without adding chromium, the shrinkage temperature of the skin dyed at the later stage cannot reach 90 ℃, the skin can only wander around 80-85 ℃, if the tanning cannot reach 90 ℃, the dyeing cannot realize the expected effect, in the prior environmental protection policy, the requirement on the treatment of chromium-containing sewage is more and more strict, if the process is not changed, chromium is continuously used for tanning the skin, most of the following production enterprises are difficult to measure, therefore, the problem that chromium is not used in the single-nitrate tanning process is urgently solved, and the mink skin manufactured by the prior mink skin single-nitrate tanning process is not soft enough, has poor ductility and requires long tanning time.

The invention content is as follows:

the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the mink tanning process which is soft, good in ductility and short in tanning time, and the mink tanning process is energy-saving and environment-friendly and does not use chromium metal.

The technical proposal of the invention is to provide a mink tanning process, which comprises the following steps,

the method comprises the steps of firstly, soaking mink skin, injecting water into a preparation tank, calibrating the liquid level before water injection, wherein the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding salt into water at 12-28g/L, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the material, sequentially adding Yousha W2.0cc/L, adding Yousha OE2.0cc/L and Gaodimei BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after feeding, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a material card, feeding the skin, soaking the skin into water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, then rotating for 5-10min, then rotating for 10-15min after standing for 2h again, and then standing for more than 5h to produce the skin;

secondly, turning the fur and stretching the fur, turning the cylindrical fur to the fur inward or the fur outward, and stretching the transverse fibers of the fur through mechanical action to improve the ductility of a finished product;

thirdly, kicking the skin, namely adding the skin into a kicking machine for kicking the skin, and adding 4-5L of kicking oil;

fourthly, turning water skin, adding a degreasing agent, sawdust, cassia seed and silicone ester, turning for 25-30min, sieving the sawdust and the cassia seed, then cutting the water skin, and removing grease on the head and the subcutaneous skin;

fifthly, a water shovel is used for removing the crude oil on the raw hide by utilizing high-pressure water and a steel brush, a butter plate is opened, and corner impurities are removed, wherein the needle cannot be penetrated by hair, the damaged skin and the lacking skin need to be picked out in the operation process of the water shovel, and the next procedure can be carried out after the skin is qualified through quality inspection;

sixthly, soaking in water again; the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding 12-28g/L of salt into water, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the materials, sequentially adding Youshan W2.0cc/L, adding Youshan OE2.0cc/L and Gaodia BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after adding the materials, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a label card, throwing the peel, immersing the peel into the water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 2h again, rotating for 10-15min, standing for more than 5h, taking the peel out, spin-drying, and throwing the hemp bag for 5 min;

seventhly, degreasing, namely adding 25-30g/L of salt into water, then adding 1.5g/L of sodium carbonate and Ushabang OC2.0cc/L, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, rotating the peel until the peel is discharged out of the tank, then discharging water and throwing the peel, and filling a jute bag when the peel is thrown;

step eight, pickling, adding 30-40g/L of salt into water, heating to 38-40 ℃, rotating for 5-10min to dissolve the salt, adding 1.0cc/L of Youbang OC1 and 3.0cc/L of lactic acid, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 4.2, pH value to 4.6, rotating the lower skin for 25-30min, adding 2cc/L of cellulase and 4cc/L of formic acid, rotating for 1-1.5h, then shutting down, measuring pH value to be 2.5, taking out the skin after 18-22h, spin-drying for 30min by filling a hemp bag;

step nine, tanning, wherein the liquor ratio is 1:40, equipment is a rotary drum, 40-50g/L of salt is added, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, 1-3g/L of formic acid is added, 1-3g/L of sulfuric acid is added, 3-6g/L of a stabilizer consisting of a plurality of organic acids is added, 8-10g/L of zirconium-aluminum synthetic tanning agent is added after 15-20min, 2-5g/L of sodium formate is added after 6-10 h, baking soda is added for 2 times after 30min at intervals of 15min, the concentration of each time is 1.5-2.5g/L, soda is continuously added for 30min at intervals of 30min each time, the concentration of the soda is 2-6g/L, the pH is adjusted to 3.8-4.5 overnight, the next day cleaning is carried out, the water temperature is controlled at 40-45 ℃ for 30-40 min, then, adding grease; adding alum 20-30g/L into the preparation tank, heating to 35-38 ℃, measuring Baume to 5-5.3 after rotating for 5-10min, adding APL3.2g/L after rotating for 30min after peeling, adding tanning aid 3g/L and baking soda 2g/L after rotating for 1.5-2h, adding fatting agent 2cc/L after rotating for 15min, shutting down after rotating for 1-1.5h, and transferring to the next procedure after drying the water cushion gunny bag for 1 h;

and step ten, handover, spin-drying after tanning, signing card, and handover after checking.

As a preferred technical scheme, the ratio of the cassia seeds to the sawdust in the fourth step is 1: 3-4.

As a preferable technical scheme, the fatting agent is added in the ninth step, the mixture is emulsified by 20L of hot water, and then is uniformly stirred by an ultrasonic oscillator and then is added.

Preferably, the water in the first mink skin soaking step, the sixth re-soaking step and the seventh degreasing step is waste water treated in the previous day.

The wastewater in the nitration process is recycled after being treated by the following steps, firstly, the wastewater is subjected to biochemical treatment, enters a primary sedimentation tank through an adjusting tank, is decolorized by a flocculating agent through a secondary sedimentation tank, is subjected to biochemical treatment by a biochemical tank and is decolorized again by activated carbon, and the reduction of ammonia nitrogen, COD and chroma in the wastewater is realized; then, the wastewater after biochemical treatment is treated by an ion exchanger to reduce the hardness in the wastewater; finally, two parts are obtained after membrane treatment: the processing method comprises the steps of treating liquid and concentrated liquid, wherein the concentrated liquid is used for soaking, degreasing, pickling and tanning, and the concentrated liquid contains high-concentration salt and is used for extracting the salt in an extraction mode.

Further, the flocculating agent is a Weishibang high-efficiency decolorizing flocculating agent VBT-01.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages after the process is adopted: the prepared mink skin is soft and good in ductility and short in tanning time through an adjusting process, and particularly, sawdust, semen cassiae and silicone ester are added in the step of changing the water skin, so that the operation mode of a traditional sawdust drum is greatly adjusted, the silicone ester and the semen cassiae are added to be matched with the sawdust for operation, the leather is softer after the operation of the sawdust drum and the semen cassiae is changed, the sawdust and the semen cassiae are easy to separate, and meanwhile, water in the skin changing process is prevented from being adsorbed in the semen cassiae and the sawdust to influence secondary use; meanwhile, the use of chromium is avoided in the retanning dyeing process, zirconium and aluminum are used as metal tanning agents, so that the shrinkage temperature of leather also reaches over 90 ℃, the dyeing requirement is met, and the tanning worker ensures that the leather is more environment-friendly and meets the environment-friendly requirement; and finally, a wastewater recycling treatment process is adopted, so that the wastewater can be recycled, the cost is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the environment is protected.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further illustrated with respect to specific embodiments below:

a mink tanning process, which comprises the following steps,

the method comprises the steps of firstly, soaking mink skin, injecting water into a preparation tank, calibrating the liquid level before water injection, wherein the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding salt into water at 12-28g/L, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the material, sequentially adding Yousha W2.0cc/L, adding Yousha OE2.0cc/L and Gaodimei BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after feeding, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a material card, feeding the skin, soaking the skin into water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, then rotating for 5-10min, then rotating for 10-15min after standing for 2h again, and then standing for more than 5h to produce the skin; in the step, the water is the nitrified wastewater treated in the previous day for recycling, and the salt can also be recycled by using salt extracted from the wastewater.

Secondly, turning the fur and stretching the fur, turning the cylindrical fur to the fur inward or the fur outward, and stretching the transverse fibers of the fur through mechanical action to improve the ductility of a finished product; in the process, the kicking oil can be used in cooperation with the mechanical action, so that the transverse fibers are prevented from being torn when being stretched, and the elastic fiber is more elastic.

Thirdly, kicking the skin, namely adding the skin into a kicking machine for kicking the skin, and adding 4-5L of kicking oil;

fourthly, turning water skin, adding a degreasing agent, sawdust, cassia seed and silicone ester, turning for 25-30min, sieving the sawdust and the cassia seed, then cutting the water skin, and removing grease on the head and the subcutaneous skin; in the step, the ratio of the cassia seed to the sawdust is 1:3, the amount of the silicone ester is equal to the amount of the degreasing agent, the silicone ester accounts for 1-2% of the weight of the sawdust and the cassia seed respectively, and the total weight of the sawdust and the cassia seed accounts for 0.8-1.2 times of the tare weight. The sawdust, the cassia seeds and the silicone ester are added in the step of turning the water skin, so that the operation mode of the traditional sawdust drum is greatly adjusted, the sawdust drum process of the traditional process is easy to cause the phenomenon that the skin is old due to water loss and is not soft enough, and meanwhile, the screened sawdust cannot be used for the second time.

Fifthly, a water shovel is used for removing the crude oil on the raw hide by utilizing high-pressure water and a steel brush, a butter plate is opened, and corner impurities are removed, wherein the needle cannot be penetrated by hair, the damaged skin and the lacking skin need to be picked out in the operation process of the water shovel, and the next procedure can be carried out after the skin is qualified through quality inspection;

sixthly, soaking in water again; the liquid ratio is 1:8-10, adding 12-28g/L of salt into water, opening a steam valve, heating to 32-35 ℃, rotating for 3-5min to dissolve the salt, rechecking the materials, sequentially adding Youshan W2.0cc/L, adding Youshan OE2.0cc/L and Gaodia BAC2.0cc/L, rotating for 3-5min after adding the materials, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, marking a label card, throwing the peel, immersing the peel into the water, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 1h, rotating for 5-10min, standing for 2h again, rotating for 10-15min, standing for more than 5h, taking the peel out, spin-drying, and throwing the hemp bag for 5 min;

seventhly, degreasing, namely adding 25-30g/L of salt into water, then adding 1.5g/L of sodium carbonate and Ushabang OC2.0cc/L, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 2, rotating the peel until the peel is discharged out of the tank, then discharging water and throwing the peel, and filling a jute bag when the peel is thrown;

step eight, pickling, adding 30-40g/L of salt into water, heating to 38-40 ℃, rotating for 5-10min to dissolve the salt, adding 1.0cc/L of Youbang OC1 and 3.0cc/L of lactic acid, rotating for 5-10min after adding the salt, measuring Baume to be equal to 4.2, pH value to 4.6, rotating the lower skin for 25-30min, adding 2cc/L of cellulase and 4cc/L of formic acid, rotating for 1-1.5h, then shutting down, measuring pH value to be 2.5, taking out the skin after 18-22h, spin-drying for 30min by filling a hemp bag;

step nine, tanning, wherein the liquor ratio is 1:40, equipment is a rotary drum, 40-50g/L of salt is added, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, 1-3g/L of formic acid is added, 1-3g/L of sulfuric acid is added, 3-6g/L of a stabilizer consisting of a plurality of organic acids is added, 8-10g/L of zirconium-aluminum synthetic tanning agent is added after 15-20min, 2-5g/L of sodium formate is added after 6-10 h, baking soda is added for 2 times after 30min at intervals of 15min, the concentration of each time is 1.5-2.5g/L, soda is continuously added for 30min at intervals of 30min each time, the concentration of the soda is 2-6g/L, the pH is adjusted to 3.8-4.5 overnight, the next day cleaning is carried out, the water temperature is controlled at 40-45 ℃ for 30-40 min, then, adding grease; adding alum 20-30g/L into the preparation tank, heating to 35-38 ℃, measuring Baume to 5-5.3 after rotating for 5-10min, adding APL3.2g/L after rotating for 30min after peeling, adding tanning aid 3g/L and baking soda 2g/L after rotating for 1.5-2h, adding fatting agent 2cc/L after rotating for 15min, shutting down after rotating for 1-1.5h, and transferring to the next procedure after drying the water cushion gunny bag for 1 h; in the step, the fatting agent is added after being emulsified by 20L hot water and uniformly stirred by an ultrasonic oscillator.

And step ten, handover, spin-drying after tanning, signing card, and handover after checking.

Preferably, the water in the first mink skin soaking step, the sixth re-soaking step and the seventh degreasing step is waste water treated in the previous day.

In the above process, the degreasing agent is an anionic degreasing agent, the stabilizer is an organic acid stabilizer, and the two auxiliaries are conventional auxiliaries for leather treatment.

In addition, the treatment of the waste water is as follows, the waste water in the nitration process is recycled after being treated by the following steps, firstly, the waste water is subjected to biochemical treatment, the waste water enters a primary sedimentation tank through an adjusting tank, then passes through a secondary sedimentation tank and is decolored by a flocculating agent, and then is subjected to biochemical treatment in the biochemical tank and is decolored again by activated carbon, so that the reduction of ammonia nitrogen, COD and chroma in the waste water is realized; then, the wastewater after biochemical treatment is treated by an ion exchanger to reduce the hardness in the wastewater; finally, two parts are obtained after membrane treatment: the processing method comprises the steps of treating liquid and concentrated liquid, wherein the concentrated liquid is used for soaking, degreasing, pickling and tanning, and the concentrated liquid contains high-concentration salt and is used for extracting the salt in an extraction mode. Wherein the flocculating agent is a Weishibang high-efficiency decolorizing flocculating agent VBT-01.

The invention has the following advantages: the prepared mink skin is soft and good in ductility and short in tanning time through an adjusting process, and particularly, sawdust, semen cassiae and silicone ester are added in the step of changing the water skin, so that the operation mode of a traditional sawdust drum is greatly adjusted, the silicone ester and the semen cassiae are added to be matched with the sawdust for operation, the leather is softer after the operation of the sawdust drum and the semen cassiae is changed, the sawdust and the semen cassiae are easy to separate, and meanwhile, water in the skin changing process is prevented from being adsorbed in the semen cassiae and the sawdust to influence secondary use; meanwhile, the use of chromium is avoided in the retanning dyeing process, zirconium and aluminum are used as metal tanning agents, so that the shrinkage temperature of leather also reaches over 90 ℃, the dyeing requirement is met, and the tanning worker ensures that the leather is more environment-friendly and meets the environment-friendly requirement; and finally, a wastewater recycling treatment process is adopted, so that the wastewater can be recycled, the cost is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the environment is protected.