阅读说明：本技术 水冰相变冻胀作用多维参数测试装置、测试方法 (Multi-dimensional parameter testing device and method for water ice phase change frost heaving effect ) 是由 秦雷 王平 马超 林海飞 杨二豪 龙航 闫冬洁 白杨 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水冰相变冻胀作用多维参数测试装置、测试方法,该装置包括液氮供给机构、压力测试系统、信号采集系统、数据处理系统,所述液氮供给机构的出口通过管道连接压力测试系统内的试验煤体,所述压力测试系统、信号采集系统的信号输出端分别连接数据处理系统。该方法是将液氮注入置于压力测试系统内的试验煤体的钻孔内,利用压力测试系统、信号采集系统对液氮冻结试验煤体冻胀压力、试验煤体形变、试验煤体表面温度分布梯度及液氮流量进行信息采集,数据处理系统利用所采集的信息得到不同液氮流量试验煤体水冰相变冻胀参数。该装置能够有效测量液氮冻结试验煤体水冰相变冻胀作用多维参数；该测量方法则能够有效确定最优液氮流量,为工程实践提供借鉴；本发明的测试装置能够对任意试验煤体进行测量。(The invention discloses a multidimensional parameter testing device and a testing method for a water ice phase change frost heaving effect. Injecting liquid nitrogen into a drill hole of a test coal body arranged in a pressure test system, utilizing the pressure test system and a signal acquisition system to acquire information of frost heaving pressure of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body, deformation of the test coal body, surface temperature distribution gradient of the test coal body and liquid nitrogen flow, and utilizing the acquired information by a data processing system to acquire water-ice phase change frost heaving parameters of the test coal body with different liquid nitrogen flow. The device can effectively measure multidimensional parameters of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body water ice phase change frost heaving effect; the measuring method can effectively determine the optimal liquid nitrogen flow, and provides reference for engineering practice; the testing device can measure any test coal body.)

1. A multidimensional parameter testing device for the phase change and frost heaving effect of water ice is characterized by comprising a liquid nitrogen supply mechanism, a pressure testing system for carrying out pressure testing on a test coal body, a signal acquisition system for monitoring the surface temperature of the test coal body and the deformation of the test coal body during freezing, and a data processing system for processing acquired signals, wherein the outlet of the liquid nitrogen supply mechanism is connected with the test coal body in the pressure testing system through a pipeline (4), and the pipeline (4) is provided with a control valve (2) for controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen; and the signal output ends of the pressure testing system and the signal acquisition system are respectively connected with the data processing system.

2. The multi-dimensional parameter testing device for the phase change frost heaving effect of water ice according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition system comprises a pressure gauge (3) for measuring the liquid nitrogen pressure in the pipeline (4), a flow sensor (5) for measuring the liquid nitrogen flow of the injected test coal, an infrared thermal imaging device for acquiring the surface temperature of the test coal, and a deformation monitoring device for monitoring the deformation of the test coal during freezing, wherein the deformation monitoring device and the pressure testing system are jointly arranged on the optical platform (7), the pressure testing system is fixedly arranged on the optical platform (7), and the deformation monitoring device is arranged on the optical platform (7) through a guide rail (14).

3. The multidimensional parameter testing device for the phase change frost heaving effect of water ice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressure testing system comprises a shell (6-12) which is arranged on the optical platform (7) and has an opening at the top end, a reaction chamber (6-11) which has an opening at the top end and is used for placing the test coal body is arranged in the shell (6-12), a pressure sensor (6-7) and a temperature sensor (6-8) are arranged between the reaction chamber (6-11) and the shell (6-12), and the signal output ends of the pressure sensor (6-7) and the temperature sensor (6-8) are connected with a data processing system; the device also comprises a sealing mechanism for sealing the reaction chamber (6-11), opening of the shell (6-12) and drilling of the test coal body, and the sealing mechanism is provided with a liquid nitrogen injection pipe (6-1) for introducing liquid nitrogen into the test coal body.

4. The multi-dimensional parameter testing device for the phase change frost heaving effect of water ice according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the deformation monitoring device comprises a light source mechanism, a reflection mechanism and an image acquisition mechanism which are arranged on the optical platform (7), wherein the reflection mechanism and the image acquisition mechanism are respectively arranged on the optical platform (7) through a guide rail (14).

5. The multi-dimensional parameter testing device for the phase change frost heaving effect of water and ice according to claim 4, wherein the light source mechanism comprises a lamp (19) arranged on the optical platform (7) through a bracket, the reflection mechanism comprises a displacement table (9) arranged on the guide rail (14), a reflector assembly (8) is fixedly arranged on the displacement table (9), and an electrically controlled rotating head (10) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the displacement table (9);

the image acquisition mechanism comprises a two-dimensional translation table (13), a CCD (12) is arranged on the two-dimensional translation table (13), and a lens (11) is arranged on the CCD (12).

6. A method for testing multidimensional parameters of a water ice phase change frost heaving effect is characterized in that liquid nitrogen is injected into a drill hole of a test coal body arranged in a pressure testing system, the pressure testing system and a signal acquisition system are utilized to acquire information of frost heaving pressure of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body, deformation of the test coal body, surface temperature distribution gradient of the test coal body and liquid nitrogen flow, the liquid nitrogen flow is adjusted through a control valve (2), and a data processing system utilizes the acquired information to obtain water ice phase change frost heaving parameters of the test coal body with different liquid nitrogen flow.

7. The test method according to claim 6, comprising the following steps carried out in sequence:

firstly, punching a test coal body, and sealing the test coal body in a pressure testing system;

opening the control valve (2), injecting liquid nitrogen into the test coal body through a pipeline (4), and respectively transmitting the water-ice phase change frost heaving pressure, the liquid nitrogen flow, the surface temperature distribution of the test coal body and the deformation characteristics of the test coal body to the data processing system;

recording multidimensional parameter data under the coal water ice phase change frost heaving effect of the liquid nitrogen freezing test through a data processing system; the flow of liquid nitrogen is adjusted through the control valve (2), and the influence of the flow of liquid nitrogen on the multidimensional parameters of the water-ice phase change of the coal body in the liquid nitrogen freezing test is measured.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of coal mining, relates to a multidimensional parameter testing device, and particularly relates to a multidimensional parameter testing device for a water ice phase change frost heaving effect.

Background

The gas is used as clean energy, so that the current situation of energy can be improved, the energy structure is optimized, and the environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel is relieved. However, due to the complex geological structure, low permeability of coal seam and incomplete pore development in China, the gas extraction effect is not ideal, gas disasters are easy to occur, and the gas disasters as important factors restricting the development of coal industry can cause personal casualties, equipment damage and mine production stoppage.

Therefore, in recent years, a large number of coal seam fracturing technologies are applied to the field of coal seam gas extraction, and a series of fracturing methods such as hydraulic fracturing, water conservancy slotting, protective layer mining, blasting method, high-energy shock blasting method and the like are applied to the field of coal seam permeability increase, so that the coal seam gas extraction is promoted. With the technological progress and the increasing production requirements, CO is used₂And liquid nitrogen, especially liquid nitrogen, has the advantages of easy preparation (by using nitrogen), no pollution (the product is nitrogen), ultralow temperature (-196 ℃), high volume expansion rate (vaporization of 1L of liquid nitrogen into 696L of nitrogen), and the like, and is receiving more and more attention.

In order to quantitatively explore the effect of water-ice phase change on test coal during liquid nitrogen freezing, a liquid nitrogen freezing test coal water-ice phase change frost heaving effect multidimensional parameter testing device needs to be designed so as to observe the liquid nitrogen flow to test coal water-ice phase change multidimensional parameter transformation rule, determine the optimal liquid nitrogen flow and provide reference for engineering practice.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multidimensional parameter testing device for the phase change frost heaving effect of water ice, which realizes the measurement of the phase change frost heaving pressure of liquid nitrogen frozen water ice and the deformation of a test coal body; observing the distribution gradient of the surface temperature of the test coal body, and unifying the frost heaving deformation, the frost heaving pressure and the distribution gradient of the surface temperature of the water-ice phase change test coal body; meanwhile, the method realizes the measurement of the liquid nitrogen flow and the observation of the liquid nitrogen flow on the experimental coal water ice phase change multi-dimensional parameter transformation rule.

The invention also aims to provide a method for testing multidimensional parameters of the water ice phase change frost heaving effect, which can effectively measure the liquid nitrogen frozen water ice phase change frost heaving pressure, the test coal body deformation and the test coal body surface temperature distribution gradient.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multidimensional parameter testing device for the phase change and frost heaving effect of water ice comprises a liquid nitrogen supply mechanism, a pressure testing system for carrying out pressure testing on a test coal body, a signal acquisition system for monitoring the surface temperature of the test coal body and the deformation of the test coal body during freezing, and a data processing system for processing acquired signals, wherein the outlet of the liquid nitrogen supply mechanism is connected with the test coal body in the pressure testing system through a pipeline, and a control valve for controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen is arranged on the pipeline; and the signal output ends of the pressure testing system and the signal acquisition system are respectively connected with the data processing system.

For the definition of the invention: the signal acquisition system includes the manometer of the interior liquid nitrogen pressure of measurement pipeline, the flow sensor who measures the experimental coal body liquid nitrogen flow of injection, the infrared thermal imaging equipment that carries out the collection to the surface temperature of experimental coal body to and the deformation monitoring facilities who carries out the monitoring to the deformation of experimental coal body in freezing, wherein deformation monitoring facilities locates on the optical platform jointly with pressure test system, and pressure test system sets firmly on the optical platform, deformation monitoring facilities passes through the guide rail and locates on the optical platform.

For further definition of the invention: the pressure testing system comprises a shell which is arranged on the optical platform and provided with an opening at the top end, a reaction chamber which is provided with an opening at the top end and used for placing the test coal body is arranged in the shell, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged between the reaction chamber and the shell, and the signal output ends of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with a data processing system; the device also comprises a sealing mechanism for sealing the reaction chamber, opening of the shell and drilling of the test coal body, wherein the sealing mechanism is provided with a liquid nitrogen injection pipe for introducing liquid nitrogen into the test coal body.

The deformation detection device of the present invention is defined as follows: the deformation monitoring equipment comprises a light source mechanism, a reflecting mechanism and an image acquisition mechanism which are arranged on the optical platform, wherein the reflecting mechanism and the image acquisition mechanism are respectively arranged on the optical platform through guide rails.

The light source mechanism and the image acquisition structure are limited as follows: the light source mechanism comprises a lamp arranged on the optical platform through a support, the reflecting mechanism comprises a displacement table arranged on the guide rail, a reflector assembly is fixedly arranged on the displacement table, and an electronic control rotating head is fixedly arranged at the top end of the displacement table;

the image acquisition mechanism comprises a two-dimensional translation table, wherein a CCD is arranged on the two-dimensional translation table, and a lens is arranged on the CCD.

The invention also provides a method for testing multidimensional parameters of the water-ice phase change frost heaving effect, which comprises the steps of injecting liquid nitrogen into a drill hole of a test coal body arranged in a pressure testing system, utilizing the pressure testing system and a signal acquisition system to acquire information of the frost heaving pressure of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body, the deformation of the test coal body, the surface temperature distribution gradient of the test coal body and the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen, adjusting the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen through a control valve, and utilizing the acquired information by a data processing system to acquire water-ice phase change frost heaving parameters of the test coal body with different flow rates of the liquid nitrogen.

The method is used as the limit of a multi-dimensional parameter for the phase change and frost heaving effect of water ice:

which comprises the following steps in sequence:

firstly, punching a test coal body, and sealing the test coal body in a pressure testing system;

opening a control valve, injecting liquid nitrogen into the test coal body through a pipeline, and respectively transmitting the water-ice phase change frost heaving pressure, the liquid nitrogen flow, the surface temperature distribution of the test coal body and the deformation characteristics of the test coal body to a data processing system;

recording multidimensional parameter data under the coal water ice phase change frost heaving effect of the liquid nitrogen freezing test through a data processing system; and adjusting the flow of liquid nitrogen through a control valve, and measuring the influence of the flow of the liquid nitrogen on the multidimensional parameters of the water-ice phase change of the coal body in the liquid nitrogen freezing test.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:

the multidimensional parameter testing device for the water-ice phase change frost heaving effect can be used for multidimensional parameter testing of the water-ice phase change frost heaving effect of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body, and can be used for measuring liquid nitrogen flow, water-ice phase change frost heaving pressure, water-ice phase change test coal body deformation and test coal body surface temperature distribution gradient to obtain an action mechanism of water-ice phase change on the test coal body in the liquid nitrogen freezing process. The testing method of the multidimensional parameter testing device utilizing the water ice phase change frost heaving effect can unify the water ice phase change frost heaving stress of the tested coal body and the surface temperature of the tested coal body, and explore the optimal liquid nitrogen flow in the liquid nitrogen injection process.

In conclusion, the device can effectively measure multidimensional parameters of coal water ice phase change frost heaving effect in the liquid nitrogen freezing test; the measuring method can effectively determine the optimal liquid nitrogen flow, and provides reference for engineering practice; the multidimensional parameter testing device for the water ice phase change frost heaving effect can be used for measuring any test coal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure testing system in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. liquid nitrogen tank, 2, control valve, 3, pressure gauge, 4, pipeline, 5, flow sensor, 6, pressure test system, 6-1, liquid nitrogen injection pipe, 6-2, positioning column, 6-3, fixing nut, 6-4, gasket, 6-5, top cover, 6-6, top plate, 6-7, pressure sensor, 6-8, temperature sensor, 6-9, hole packer, 6-10, test coal body, 6-11, reaction chamber, 6-12, shell, 7, optical platform, 8, reflector assembly, 9, displacement platform, 10, electric control rotating head, 11, lens, 12, CCD, 13, two-dimensional translation platform, 14, guide rail, 15-data transmission line, 16-infrared imager, 17-telescopic bracket, 18-data processing system, 19-lamp.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment multidimensional parameter testing device and method for phase change and frost heaving effects of water ice

In the embodiment, the terms "front", "rear", "left" and "right" are defined for convenience of description, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

The present embodiment provides a multidimensional parameter testing apparatus for phase change and frost heaving effects of water ice, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including:

one) liquid nitrogen supply mechanism, which is used for injecting liquid nitrogen into the test coal body 6-10. The liquid nitrogen supply mechanism in the implementation adopts a liquid nitrogen tank 1 in the prior art, the liquid nitrogen tank 1 is connected with a subsequent pressure test system 6 through a pipeline 4, and a control valve 2 for adjusting the flow of liquid nitrogen is arranged at an outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank 1.

And the pressure test system 6 is used for providing a test environment and carrying out pressure test on the test coal body. The pressure testing system 6 in this embodiment is disposed on the optical platform 7, and as shown in fig. 2, includes a housing 6-12 having an opening at a top end, a reaction chamber 6-11 for placing the test coal 6-10 is disposed in the housing 6-12, the reaction chamber 6-11 also has an opening at a top end, and a pressure sensor 6-7 and a temperature sensor 6-8 are disposed between the reaction chamber 6-11 and the housing 6-12. The signal output ends of the pressure sensors 6-7 and the temperature sensors 6-8 are connected with a data processing system; the device also comprises a sealing mechanism for sealing the reaction chamber 6-11, the opening of the shell 6-12 and the drill hole of the test coal body 6-10, wherein the sealing mechanism is provided with a liquid nitrogen injection pipe 6-1 for introducing liquid nitrogen into the test coal body.

The sealing mechanism comprises a top plate 6-6 used for sealing 6-11 of the reaction chamber, a top cover 6-5 used for sealing 6-12 of the shell and a hole packer 6-9 used for sealing 6-10 drill holes of the test coal body, the liquid nitrogen injection pipe 6-1 sequentially penetrates through the top plate 6-6, the top cover 6-5, the hole packer 6-9 and the drill holes of the test coal body 6-10, two sides of the top plate 6-6, which extend out of the shell 6-12, respectively penetrate through positioning columns 6-2 and are fixed through fixing nuts 6-3, and gaskets 6-4 are arranged between the nuts 6-3 and the top cover 6-5 to ensure stability.

And thirdly) a signal acquisition system for monitoring the surface temperature of the test coal body and the deformation of the test coal body in freezing. The signal acquisition system comprises a pressure gauge 3 for measuring the pressure of liquid nitrogen in the pipeline 4, a flow sensor 5 for measuring the flow of the liquid nitrogen injected into the test coal body 6-10, infrared thermal imaging equipment for acquiring the surface temperature of the test coal body 6-10, and deformation monitoring equipment for monitoring the deformation of the test coal body 6-10 in freezing, wherein the deformation monitoring equipment is arranged on an optical platform 7.

The deformation monitoring device in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes a light source mechanism, a reflection mechanism, and an image acquisition mechanism, which are disposed on an optical platform 7, wherein the light source mechanism employs an illumination lamp 19 in the prior art, and is directly disposed on the optical platform 7; and the reflecting mechanism and the image acquisition mechanism are respectively arranged on the optical platform 7 through a guide rail 14.

The reflecting mechanism in this embodiment includes a displacement table 9 on a guide rail 14, a reflector assembly 8 is fixedly arranged on the displacement table 9, and an electrically controlled rotating head 10 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the displacement table 9.

The image acquisition mechanism comprises a two-dimensional translation table 13, wherein a CCD12 is arranged on the two-dimensional translation table 13, and a lens 11 is arranged on a CCD 12.

The infrared thermal imaging device adopts an infrared thermal imager 16 in the prior art, and the infrared thermal imager 16 is fixedly arranged on a telescopic bracket 17.

And fourthly) a data processing system 18 for processing the information collected by the pressure gauge 3, the flow sensor 5, the pressure sensor 6-7, the temperature sensor 6-8, the CCD12 and the infrared thermal imager 16, wherein the signal output ends of the pressure gauge 3, the flow sensor 5, the pressure sensor 6-7, the temperature sensor 6-8, the CCD12 and the infrared thermal imager 16 are respectively connected with the data processing system 18 through a data transmission line 15.

The working method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

firstly, punching a hole in 6-10 of a test coal body, and sealing the hole in a pressure testing system 6.

The specific process of the step is as follows: drilling a hole in a test coal body 6-10, placing the test coal body 6-10 drilled in a reaction chamber 6-11 of a pressure testing system 6, sealing the hole by using a sealing device 6-9, sealing openings of the reaction chamber 6-11 and a shell 6-12 by using a top plate 6-6 and a top cover 6-5 in sequence, penetrating a positioning column 6-2 through the top cover 6-5, fixing by using a fixing nut 6-3, and finally connecting a pipeline and a signal transmission line.

Opening the control valve 2, injecting liquid nitrogen into the test coal body 6-10 through the pipeline 4, and respectively transmitting the water-ice phase change frost heaving pressure, the liquid nitrogen flow, the test coal body surface temperature distribution and the test coal body deformation characteristics of the test coal body 6-10 to the data processing system 18.

Before the step is carried out, firstly, a data processing system 18 is opened, whether a pipeline is correctly connected with a signal line is checked, a control valve 2 is opened, liquid nitrogen is injected into a test coal body 6-10 through a pipeline 4 and a liquid nitrogen pipe 6-1, the water ice phase change frost heaving pressure of the test coal body 6-10 is transmitted to the data processing system 18 through a data transmission line by a pressure sensor 6-8, and the liquid nitrogen flow, the test coal body surface temperature distribution and the test coal body deformation characteristics are respectively transmitted to the data processing system 18 through a flow sensor 5, an infrared thermal imager (16) and a CCD10 through the data transmission line.

Recording multidimensional parameter data under the 6-10 water ice phase change frost heaving effect of the liquid nitrogen freezing test coal body through a data processing system 18; the liquid nitrogen flow is adjusted through the control valve 2, and the influence of the liquid nitrogen flow on the multidimensional parameters of the water-ice phase change of the coal body in the liquid nitrogen freezing test is measured. The device of the embodiment unifies the coal body water ice phase change frost heaving stress and the coal body surface temperature, and finally explores the optimal liquid nitrogen flow in the liquid nitrogen injection process.

And fourthly, after the three steps are completed, closing the control valve 2, opening the pressure testing system 6, taking out the test coal sample 6-10, and cleaning the experimental device.

The above description is only the best description of the present embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.