阅读说明：本技术 一种高续航高承重式旋翼无人机 (High-endurance high-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle ) 是由 张奇 张雪梅 文斌 吴鑫宇 赵奇 张国炜 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高续航高承重式旋翼无人机,包括机架,所述机架上设置有动力系统、动力切换装置、控制系统以及用于驱动无人机的驱动系统,所述控制系统一端和所述动力切换装置连接,另一端和所述动力系统连接,所述驱动系统和所述动力系统连接,所述动力系统包括发电机组,所述发电机组包括发动机和发电机,所述发动机和发电机传动连接,所述发动机和所述控制系统连接,所述发电机和所述驱动系统连接。本发明能够实现较纯电驱动无人机更长的续航及载重,此外,该无人机的油电混合动力源还能提供额外的电能,以供其他设备正常运转,可有效拓展多旋翼无人机的户外用途,同时,直接为户外用电设备供电,减轻使用其他户外用电设备的负担。(The invention discloses a high-endurance high-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises a rack, wherein a power system, a power switching device, a control system and a driving system for driving the unmanned aerial vehicle are arranged on the rack, one end of the control system is connected with the power switching device, the other end of the control system is connected with the power system, the driving system is connected with the power system, the power system comprises a generator set, the generator set comprises an engine and a generator, the engine is in transmission connection with the generator, the engine is connected with the control system, and the generator is connected with the driving system. The hybrid power source of the unmanned aerial vehicle can provide extra electric energy for normal operation of other equipment, can effectively expand outdoor application of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and can directly supply power to outdoor power equipment to reduce the burden of using other outdoor power equipment.)

1. The high-endurance high-load-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a rack (2), wherein a power system (1), a power switching device (5), a control system (6) and a driving system (3) for driving the unmanned aerial vehicle are arranged on the rack (2), one end of the control system (6) is connected with the power switching device (5), the other end of the control system is connected with the power system (1), the driving system (3) is connected with the power system (1), the high-endurance high-load-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that the power system (1) comprises a generator set (10), the generator set (10) comprises an engine (100) and a generator (101), the engine (100) is in transmission connection with the generator (101), the engine (100) is connected with the control system (6), and the generator (101) is connected with the driving system (3); when unmanned aerial vehicle normally flies, power auto-change over device (5) give control system (6) send the state signal of unmanned aerial vehicle work, the signal warp can be controlled after control system (6) judge the rotational speed and the torque of engine (100), the mechanical energy that engine (100) produced does generator (101) provide rotational speed and torque, generator (101) rotate the back and stabilize the output alternating current and be used for the drive actuating system (3).

2. A rotorcraft according to claim 1, wherein the power system (1) further comprises a reserve battery (11), the reserve battery (11) and the generator set (10) being connected in parallel.

3. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine (100) is a high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine and the generator (101) is a high-power-density generator, the high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine driving the high-power-density generator, the generator (101) converting the mechanical energy of the engine (100) into electrical energy output.

4. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a voltage output interface (4), the voltage output interface (4) being connected with the generator (10).

5. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 4, characterised in that the voltage output interface (4) comprises a number of jacks (43) of different types and different voltages, the jacks (43) being electrically connected to the consumers (7).

6. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 5, characterised in that the power switching means (5) comprise a state switch (50) and a number of push buttons (54), the state switch (50) being used to switch the drone state, the push buttons (54) being used to input voltage signals to the control system (6), and the push buttons (54) sending out voltage signals and the jacks (43) generating corresponding voltages being in one-to-one correspondence.

7. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 4, characterised in that the chassis (2) comprises a horn (22), a landing gear (23) and a mounting plate (20) provided on the landing gear (23), the horn (22) and the mounting plate (20) being fixedly connected; the power system (1), the voltage output interface (4), the control system (6) and the power switching device (5) are fixedly connected with the mounting plate (20).

8. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 7, characterised in that the voltage output interface (4) and the power switching device (5) are arranged adjacent to one side of the generator set (10), the reserve battery (11) and the control system (6) being arranged adjacent to the other side of the generator set (10).

9. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 7, characterised in that the drive system (3) comprises several drive units (33), the drive units (33) being fixedly connected to the horn (22) for providing the drone with lift.

10. A rotary-wing drone according to claim 1, characterised in that the frame (1) is made of light tubular material for the fixed support of the drone.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to a high-endurance high-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

In recent years, the advantages of the micro multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle such as low requirement on flight environment, low price, simple operation and the like are widely applied to various fields of daily life, including but not limited to agriculture, traffic, surveying and mapping, rescue and the like, and the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle plays an important role in the military field besides civil and commercial uses and the like.

One problem that many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle of current microminiature exists is that unmanned aerial vehicle's continuation of the journey and load are subject to present battery technology, that is to say that the energy density of current battery can't provide longer continuation of the journey time and load capacity for unmanned aerial vehicle, and this is undoubtedly not very big restriction many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle's further popularization and application.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-endurance high-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle which is high in endurance and bearing capacity.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a high-endurance high-load-bearing rotor unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a rack, wherein a power system, a power switching device, a control system and a driving system for driving the unmanned aerial vehicle are arranged on the rack, one end of the control system is connected with the power switching device, the other end of the control system is connected with the power system, the driving system is connected with the power system, the power system comprises a generator set, the generator set comprises an engine and a generator, the engine is in transmission connection with the generator, the engine is connected with the control system, and the generator is connected with the driving system; when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies normally, the power switching device sends a working state signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the control system, the signal can control the rotating speed and the torque of the engine after being judged by the control system, the mechanical energy generated by the engine provides the rotating speed and the torque for the generator, and the generator stably outputs alternating current for driving the driving system after rotating.

Further, the power system further comprises a reserve battery, and the reserve battery is connected with the generator set in parallel.

Further, the engine is a high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine, the generator is a high-power-density generator, the high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine drives the high-power-density generator, and the generator converts mechanical energy of the engine into electric energy to be output.

Further, unmanned aerial vehicle still includes voltage output interface, voltage output interface with the generator is connected.

Furthermore, the voltage output interface comprises a plurality of jacks with different types and different voltages, and the jacks are electrically connected with the electric equipment.

Further, power auto-change over device includes state change over switch and a plurality of button, state change over switch is used for switching the unmanned aerial vehicle state, the button be used for control system input voltage signal, and send out voltage signal's button and the jack one-to-one that produces corresponding voltage.

Further, the rack comprises a horn, an undercarriage and a mounting plate arranged on the undercarriage, and the horn is fixedly connected with the mounting plate; the power system, the voltage output interface, the control system and the power switching device are fixedly connected with the mounting plate.

Further, the voltage output interface and the power switching device are adjacently arranged on one side of the generator set, and the reserve battery and the control system are adjacently arranged on the other side of the generator set.

Further, actuating system includes a plurality of drive unit, drive unit with horn fixed connection for unmanned aerial vehicle provides the lift.

Further, the frame adopts light tubular material for the fixed stay unmanned aerial vehicle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. rotor unmanned aerial vehicle driving system adopts the form of series connection oil-electricity thoughtlessly moving, power system still provides the generating set of steady state power demand when including the low capacity deposit battery promptly, generating set comprises high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine and high power density generator, can alleviate the quality of unmanned aerial vehicle complete machine on the one hand, provide great thrust-weight ratio, on the other hand can provide more energy supply for unmanned aerial vehicle, guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's long duration and for other consumer power supplies, and then realize the diversification of generating set usage. Rotor unmanned aerial vehicle has this additional function, not only can extend unmanned aerial vehicle's application scene, can also further make full use of unmanned aerial vehicle's generating set, exports multiple common voltage, for the direct power supply of other outdoor consumer, facilitates for many outdoor activities.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a high endurance and high load-bearing type rotor unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power switching device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage output interface;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of the generator set;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of drone control.

1-power system, 10-generator set, 100-engine, 101-generator, 11-reserve battery; 2-a rack, 20-a mounting plate, 21-a mounting hole, 22-a horn and 23-a landing gear; 3-driving system, 30-motor, 31-electric regulation, 32-rotor wing and 33-driving unit; 4-voltage output interface, 40-220V AC jack, 41-12V DC jack, 42-5V DC jack, 43-jack; 5-power switching device, 50-state switch, 51-220V AC button, 52-12V DC button, 53-5V DC button and 54-button; 6-control the system.

Detailed Description

The following non-limiting detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the high endurance and high load-bearing type rotor unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 2, a power system 1, a power switching device 5, a control system 6, and a driving system 3 for driving the unmanned aerial vehicle are disposed on the frame 2, one end of the control system 6 is connected to the power switching device 5, the other end is connected to the power system 1, and the driving system 3 is connected to the power system 1.

Specifically, the frame 2 plays a role of fixed support, and provides space and attachment for the installation and use of other components; the control system 6 plays roles of attitude control and power distribution, namely, the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled and the power source of the power system 1 is reasonably distributed when the unmanned aerial vehicle normally runs; the driving system 3 has the function of converting the electric energy provided by the power system 1 into mechanical energy, namely converting the electric energy into lift force, so that the normal operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle is guaranteed; when the unmanned aerial vehicle does not work, the unmanned aerial vehicle provides required voltage and power for the electric equipment 7, and is a key component for realizing multiple purposes of the power source of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle; the power switching device 6 is mainly used for judging the working state of the unmanned aerial vehicle, providing 48V stable voltage and stable power for an unmanned aerial vehicle system when the unmanned aerial vehicle normally runs, providing required voltage and power for the electric equipment 7 when the unmanned aerial vehicle does not work, and adjusting the running state of the generator set according to the voltage required by the electric equipment 7 so as to adjust the generating voltage and the generating power; the voltage output interface 4 is mainly used for providing output interfaces for different output voltages of the power system 1, so that the power system 1 supplies power for the electric equipment 7.

Driving system 1 includes generating set 10 and reserve battery 11, reserve battery 11 is parallelly connected with generating set 10, wherein reserve battery 11 main function provides reserve power and steady voltage for unmanned aerial vehicle normal operating condition, in order to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's normal operating, generating set 10 main function provides required power and voltage for unmanned aerial vehicle at the unmanned aerial vehicle during operation, provide required voltage and power for consumer 7 when unmanned aerial vehicle is out of work, be the key component that many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle power supplies realized the multipurpose. 12S lithium ion battery is selected for use to unmanned aerial vehicle 'S driving system 1' S reserve battery 11, and reserve battery 11 plays the steady voltage and provides the effect of transient state power during normal flight state, and reserve battery 11 plays emergency role during emergency, provides power and voltage for the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle complete machine, and when unmanned aerial vehicle stopped flying the state, reserve battery 11 was in idle state, did not participate in the process for the power supply of consumer 7.

The generator set 10 mainly comprises an engine 100 and a generator 101, wherein the engine 100 is in transmission connection with the generator 101, the engine 100 is connected with a control system 6, and the generator 101 is connected with a driving system 3; when unmanned aerial vehicle normally flies, power auto-change over device 5 gives control system 6 sends the state signal of unmanned aerial vehicle work, and the signal warp can be controlled after 6 judgments of control system 100's rotational speed and torque, the mechanical energy that engine 100 produced does generator 101 provides rotational speed and torque, generator 101 rotates the back and stably outputs the alternating current and is used for the drive actuating system 3. Wherein, the engine 100 adopts a high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine, and the generator 101 adopts a high-power density generator; the generator 100 is matched with the generator 101 for use, the generator 101 can directly output 24-48V high-voltage alternating current to supply the unmanned aerial vehicle to normally operate, the generator 101 in the generator set 10 adopts a high-power-density generator to lighten the mass of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle as much as possible, a large thrust-weight ratio is realized, and the power consumption of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced. The output voltage of the generator set 10 is regulated through negative feedback regulation, the rotating speed of the engine 100 is regulated, the output voltage of the generator set 10 is stabilized in a 48V/24V requirement range, the output voltage size and type (AC/DC) of the generator set 10 are regulated according to the specific required voltage of the electric equipment 7 or the required voltage of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle, and finally the output of the required voltage is realized. During unmanned aerial vehicle running state, engine 100 provides high rotational speed and moment of torsion for generator 101, and generator 101 steady output 48V alternating current stabilizes output 48V direct current after the rectifier rectification, and then provides constant voltage and power for unmanned aerial vehicle's operation by generating set 10, and when unmanned aerial vehicle stopped flying the state, generating set 10 provided required voltage and power for consumer 7, realizes that generating set's usage is diversified.

The frame 2 is mainly made of light tubular materials, the frame 2 comprises a horn 22, an undercarriage 23 and a mounting plate 20 arranged on the undercarriage 23, and the horn 22 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 20; the power system 1, the voltage output interface 4, the control system 6 and the power switching device 5 are all fixedly connected with the mounting plate 20. The voltage output interface 4 and the power switching device 5 are adjacently arranged on one side of the generator set 10, and the reserve battery 11 and the control system 6 are adjacently arranged on the other side of the generator set 10. The mounting plate 20 is arranged at the center of the frame 2 and used for fixing main parts of the unmanned aerial vehicle, such as the generator set 1, the reserve battery 11, the control system 6, the voltage output interface 4 and the like; tubular unmanned aerial vehicle arms 22 are uniformly distributed around the frame 2 and used for mounting and fixing the unmanned aerial vehicle driving system 3; an unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage 23 is arranged below the frame 4 and used for supporting the take-off and landing of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle.

The driving system 3 comprises a plurality of driving units 33, and the driving units 33 are fixedly connected with the arm 22 and used for providing the unmanned aerial vehicle with lifting force. Drive unit 33 includes a plurality of driving motor 30, electricity and transfers 31, rotor 32, and driving motor 30's output shaft and rotor 32 are connected, electricity and transfer 31 and driving motor 30 electric connection, and the conversion that realizes unmanned aerial vehicle power form mutually supports between each part provides lift for unmanned aerial vehicle, and then realizes unmanned aerial vehicle's flight and attitude control.

As shown in fig. 3, the voltage output interface 4 includes a plurality of jacks 43 with different types and different voltages, and the jacks 43 are electrically connected to the electric devices 7. The voltage output interface 4 comprises a 220V ac jack 40, a 12V dc jack 41 and a 5V dc USB jack 42, and the 220V ac jack 40, the 12V dc jack 41 and the 5V dc USB jack 42 are all electrically connected to the electric device 7.

As shown in fig. 2, the power switching device 5 includes a state switch 50 and a plurality of buttons 54, the buttons 54 include a 220V ac button 51, a 12V dc button 52 and a 5V dc button 53, the state switch 50 is used for switching the state of the drone, and the 220V ac button 51, the 12V dc button 52 and the 5V dc button 53 are used for inputting a voltage signal to the control system 6. Can send the signal of unmanned aerial vehicle operating condition to control system 6 through switching unmanned aerial vehicle state change over switch 50, and then realize the switching of generating set 10 operating mode, can send demand voltage size signal to control system 6 through different output voltage button 54, further control generating set 10's operating mode and output voltage. Power switching device 5 adopts the form of miniature controller, and unmanned aerial vehicle's operating condition can be judged to the controller, and then judges whether for the unmanned aerial vehicle power supply, when unmanned aerial vehicle normal operating, 48V constant voltage can be stably supplied with for unmanned aerial vehicle to generating set 10 by the controller, when unmanned aerial vehicle stopped flying the state, the controller can cut off for the circuit of unmanned aerial vehicle power supply and according to the required voltage regulation generating set 10 output voltage of consumer 7, and then satisfies consumer 7's power consumption demand.

The control system 6 mainly includes a self-driving instrument (not shown), a receiver (not shown) and a remote controller (not shown) used in cooperation with the self-driving instrument on the ground, wherein the self-driving instrument is a flight control system for controlling the attitude, position and track of the rotor 32; the receiver and the remote controller are matched for use, the remote controller is used for sending a remote control command of the flight control hand to the receiver, and the receiver decodes the remote control command and then transmits the remote control command to the autopilot so as to control the flight attitude of the rotor 32.

As shown in fig. 4, firstly, a signal of the working state of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sent to the control system 6 through the power switching device 5 of the generator set 10, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in the working state, the generator set is in a rated working condition, at this time, the generator set 10 stably outputs 48V alternating current voltage, the voltage is rectified by the AC/DC rectifier, 48V direct current voltage is output, and the voltage is connected in parallel with the reserve battery 11 and used for supplying power to the unmanned aerial vehicle driving system 3. When many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle are in the state of stopping flying, send demand voltage numerical value signal for control system 6 through power auto-change over device 5 of generating set 10 this moment. When the required voltage is 220V, the generator set 10 is in a rated working condition, at this time, the generator set 10 stably outputs 48V alternating voltage, the voltage is boosted through the AC/AC transformer, and 220V alternating voltage is output to the 220V alternating current jack 40, so that the supply of 220V alternating voltage is realized; when the required voltage is 12V, the generator set 10 is in a low-speed and low-power working condition, at this time, the generator set 10 stably outputs 24V alternating-current voltage, the voltage is converted into 24V direct-current voltage through the AC/DC converter, and then the voltage is converted into 12V direct-current voltage through the DC/DC transformer to be output to the 12V direct-current jack 41, so that the supply of 12V direct-current voltage (vehicle charging voltage) is realized; when the required voltage is 5V, the generator set 10 is also in a low-speed and low-power working condition, at this time, the generator set 10 stably outputs 24V alternating-current voltage, the voltage is converted into 24V direct-current voltage through the AC/DC converter, and then the voltage is converted into 5V direct-current voltage through the DC/DC transformer to be output to the 5V direct-current USB jack 42, so that the supply of the 5V direct-current voltage (USB voltage) is realized.

During the use, as shown in fig. 5, power switching device 5 sends the state signal that many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle work/stopped flying to control system 6, the signal is judged through control system 6 and is handled the running state of back according to different operating modes control generating set 10, if many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle were in operating mode this moment, then control system 6 adjusts the engine 100 rotational speed that controls among generating set 10 and then control generator 101 generated voltage through the negative feedback, make generated voltage stabilize about 48V, generating set 10 sends 48V alternating current this moment, judge many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle's operating mode through control system 6 again, if many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle were in operating mode, then the alternating current that generating set sent provides 48V direct current voltage for many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle's actuating system 3 after the AC/DC rectifier rectification. If judge many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle operating condition's result for the first time is that many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is in the state of stopping flying, then need power switching device 5 to provide initial voltage signal (demand voltage) for generating set 10 this moment. The generator set 10 can provide three voltages, namely 220V household alternating current, 12V vehicle direct current and 5V USB direct current. When the power switching device 5 provides a 220V required voltage signal for the generator set, the control system 6 also controls the rotating speed of the engine 100 in the generator set 10 through negative feedback regulation so as to control the generator 101 to generate power, so that the generated voltage is stabilized at about 48V, at the moment, the generator set 10 sends 48V alternating current, the alternating current is boosted to 220V alternating current through the AC/AC transformer and then is connected with the 220V alternating current jack 40, and the supply of 220V household alternating current can be realized. When the power switching device 5 provides a 12V required voltage signal for the generator set 10, the control system 6 controls the rotating speed of an engine 100 in the generator set 10 through negative feedback regulation so as to control the generating voltage of a generator 101, so that the generating voltage is stabilized at about 24V, the generator set generates 24V alternating current at the moment, the 24V alternating current is output after being rectified by an AC/DC rectifier, and then the 24V direct current is reduced to 12V direct current through a DC/DC transformer and then is connected with a 12V direct current jack 41, so that the supply of the 12V direct current for the vehicle can be realized. When the power switching device 5 provides a 5V required voltage signal for the generator set 10, the control system 6 controls the generating voltage of the generator set 10 in the same way and enables the generating voltage to be stabilized at about 24V, at the moment, 24V alternating current is generated by the generator set 10, 24V direct current is output after being rectified by the AC/DC rectifier, the alternating current is reduced to 5V direct current by the DC/DC transformer and then is connected with the 5V direct current USB jack, and the direct current for 5VUSB can be supplied. The voltage provided by the generator set of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle stop state is only outdoor common voltage, and the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the outdoor common voltage. The hybrid system comprises a high-speed two-stroke gasoline engine and a high-power-density generator, and can not only meet the long-endurance requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle, but also reserve more backup energy, so that the backup energy is properly converted to realize different voltage outputs of the generator set 10, and the voltages are used in different occasions, thereby realizing the purpose diversification of the generator set of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.