阅读说明：本技术 一种液压调节式深孔镗刀及其调节方法 (Hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter and adjusting method thereof ) 是由 余乐 赵永强 庞嘉尧 罗俊 程伟 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种液压调节式深孔镗刀及其调节方法,包括刀架、刀体组件、液压调节组件、固定组件和检测组件；所述刀架通过固定组件固定刀体组件；所述液压调节组件设置于刀体组件内,用于调节刀体组件水平和竖直方向的振动和变形；所述检测组件用于检测刀体组件的水平和竖直方向的振动和变形,并发送信号至液压调节组件进行调节。本发明通过水平加速度传感器和竖直加速度传感器分别检测镗刀水平方向和竖直方向的振动和变形；分析刀杆的振动和变形信号并按照控制逻辑将控制信号传送到对应的液压控制阀中,液压控制阀推动对应的活塞,直接作用于加工工件的内孔中给镗刀一个反作用力,来减小镗刀的振动和变形,提高产品的加工质量。(The invention discloses a hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter and an adjusting method thereof, wherein the hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter comprises a cutter frame, a cutter body assembly, a hydraulic adjusting assembly, a fixing assembly and a detection assembly; the cutter body assembly is fixed on the cutter frame through the fixing assembly; the hydraulic adjusting assembly is arranged in the cutter body assembly and is used for adjusting the vibration and deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions; the detection assembly is used for detecting the vibration and the deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions and sending signals to the hydraulic adjusting assembly for adjustment. The vibration and deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are respectively detected through a horizontal acceleration sensor and a vertical acceleration sensor; the vibration and deformation signals of the cutter rod are analyzed, the control signals are transmitted to the corresponding hydraulic control valves according to the control logic, the corresponding pistons are pushed by the hydraulic control valves, and the control signals directly act on the inner hole of the machined workpiece to provide a reaction force for the boring cutter, so that the vibration and deformation of the boring cutter are reduced, and the machining quality of products is improved.)

1. A hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter is characterized by comprising a cutter frame, a cutter body assembly, a hydraulic adjusting assembly, a fixing assembly and a detection assembly;

the tool rest is used for fixing the tool body assembly through the fixing assembly;

the hydraulic adjusting assembly is arranged in the cutter body assembly and is used for adjusting the vibration or deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions;

the detection assembly is used for detecting the vibration or deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions and sending a signal to the central controller, and the central controller controls the hydraulic adjusting assembly to adjust.

2. The hydraulic adjustable deep hole boring tool of claim 1, wherein the cutter body assembly comprises a boring cutter blade and a cutter bar, the boring cutter blade being connected to one end of the cutter bar by a bolt for cutting a deep hole in a workpiece.

3. The hydraulic adjustable deep hole boring tool of claim 2, wherein the hydraulic adjustment assembly comprises a first blind hole, a second blind hole, a first small hole, a second small hole, a first piston, a second piston, a first seal hole, a second seal hole, a first hydraulic control valve and a second hydraulic control valve;

the first blind hole and the second blind hole are formed along the axis direction of the cutter bar, one end of the first blind hole and one end of the second blind hole are communicated, and the other end of the first blind hole and the other end of the second blind hole are not communicated;

the cutter bar is provided with a first radial small hole and a second radial small hole which are perpendicular to each other in the radial direction;

a first piston and a second piston which are precisely matched with the first small hole and the second small hole are respectively arranged in the first small hole and the second small hole, and the first piston and the second piston are pushed by the liquid pressure in the first blind hole and the second blind hole, so that the vibration and the deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are reduced;

the first sealing hole and the second sealing hole are arranged along the radial direction, are vertically upward and are internally provided with threads for fixing the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve respectively.

4. The hydraulic adjusting deep hole boring tool according to claim 3, wherein the first and second blind holes are provided with internal threads at their open ends, respectively, and are tightened by first and second plugs, respectively.

5. The hydraulic adjustable deep hole boring tool as claimed in claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the first and second hydraulic control valves are in communication with the first and second blind holes in the tool holder respectively.

6. The hydraulic adjusting deep hole boring tool according to claim 5, wherein the front end of the first hydraulic control valve is disposed in a first sealing hole in the vertical direction of the tool holder, the front end of the second hydraulic control valve is disposed in a second sealing hole in the vertical direction of the tool holder, and the front end of the first hydraulic control valve and the front end of the second hydraulic control valve are respectively communicated with the first blind hole and the second blind hole in the tool holder for adjusting the hydraulic pressure in the first blind hole and the second blind hole.

7. The hydraulic adjustable deep hole boring tool as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first and second blind holes have a height difference therebetween for the first and second hydraulic control valves to precisely control the hydraulic pressure in the first and second blind holes, respectively.

8. The hydraulic adjusting deep hole boring tool according to claim 7, wherein the detection assembly comprises a vertical acceleration sensor and a horizontal acceleration sensor, the vertical acceleration sensor and the horizontal acceleration sensor are respectively fixed on the tool bar through bolts or magnetic force absorption and used for detecting horizontal and vertical vibration and deformation and sending signals to the central controller, and the central controller controls the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve which are correspondingly connected with the vertical acceleration sensor and the horizontal acceleration sensor to adjust.

9. The hydraulic adjusting deep hole boring tool according to claim 8, wherein the fixing assembly comprises a first fixing bolt and a second fixing bolt, and the first fixing bolt and the second fixing bolt respectively penetrate through the tool holder through threads and then abut against the tool bar to fix the tool bar on the tool holder.

10. A method for adjusting a hydraulically adjustable deep-hole boring tool, comprising the boring tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a vertical acceleration sensor and a horizontal acceleration sensor thereof detect vibration and deformation in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, in real time, and transmit signals to a central controller;

when the vertical acceleration sensor detects that the cutter bar is subjected to a main cutting force during cutting, the vertical acceleration sensor sends a signal to the central controller, the central controller controls the first hydraulic control valve to pressurize or decompress liquid in the first blind hole, and the liquid pressure pushes the first piston to generate vertical upward thrust to offset the main cutting force;

when the horizontal acceleration sensor detects that the cutter bar is subjected to radial force during cutting, the horizontal acceleration sensor sends a signal to the central controller, the central controller controls the second hydraulic control valve to pressurize or decompress liquid in the second blind hole, and the liquid pressure pushes the second piston to generate horizontal thrust to counteract the radial force;

the axial force is counteracted by an axial reaction force of the tool holder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of boring cutters, in particular to a hydraulic adjusting type deep-hole boring cutter and an adjusting method thereof.

Background

Deep-hole parts are used in many fields, such as hydraulic cylinders, rocket projectile bodies, gun barrels of various artillery, and the like. The machining accuracy is critical to the performance of these products. The matching precision of the hydraulic cylinder can directly influence the bearing capacity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the processing precision of the gun barrel can directly influence the shooting hit rate of the cannonball. The boring cutter in the boring processing at the present stage basically adopts a cantilever beam structure, and the cutter bar is easy to deform and vibrate in the processing process by the structure. These all have an influence on the processing accuracy of the product. Therefore, the reduction of the deformation and vibration of the cutter bar in the deep hole processing process is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic adjustable deep hole boring tool.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the embodiment of the invention provides a hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter, which comprises a cutter frame, a cutter body assembly, a hydraulic adjusting assembly, a fixing assembly and a detecting assembly, wherein the cutter frame is provided with a cutter head;

the tool rest is used for fixing the cutter body assembly by the fixing assembly;

the hydraulic adjusting assembly is arranged in the cutter body assembly and is used for adjusting the vibration and deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions;

the detection assembly is used for detecting the vibration and deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions and sending signals to the central controller, and the central controller controls the hydraulic adjusting assembly to adjust.

Preferably, the cutter body assembly comprises a boring cutter blade and a cutter bar, wherein the boring cutter blade is connected with one end of the cutter bar through a bolt and is used for cutting a deep hole in a workpiece.

Preferably, the hydraulic adjusting assembly comprises a first blind hole, a second blind hole, a first small hole, a second small hole, a first piston, a second piston, a first sealing hole, a second sealing hole, a first hydraulic control valve and a second hydraulic control valve;

the first blind hole and the second blind hole are formed along the axis direction of the cutter bar, one end of the first blind hole and one end of the second blind hole are communicated, and the other end of the first blind hole and the other end of the second blind hole are not communicated;

the cutter bar is provided with a first radial small hole and a second radial small hole which are perpendicular to each other in the radial direction;

and a first piston and a second piston which are precisely matched with the first small hole and the second small hole are respectively arranged in the first small hole and the second small hole, and the first piston and the second piston are pushed by the liquid pressure in the first blind hole and the second blind hole, so that the vibration and the deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are reduced.

The first sealing hole and the second sealing hole are arranged along the radial direction, are vertically upward and are internally provided with threads for fixing the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve respectively.

According to the invention, preferably, the opened ends of the first blind hole and the second blind hole are respectively provided with internal threads, and the plugs are screwed through the first plug and the second plug respectively.

Preferably, the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve are respectively communicated with the first blind hole and the second blind hole in the cutter bar.

Preferably, the front end of the first hydraulic control valve is arranged in a first sealing hole in the vertical direction of the tool rest, the front end of the second hydraulic control valve is arranged in a second sealing hole in the vertical direction of the tool rest, and the front end of the first hydraulic control valve and the front end of the second hydraulic control valve are respectively communicated with a first blind hole and a second blind hole in the tool bar and used for adjusting the liquid pressure in the first blind hole and the second blind hole.

According to the invention, preferably, the first blind hole and the second blind hole have a height difference therebetween, and the height difference is used for the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve to accurately control the liquid pressure in the first blind hole and the second blind hole respectively.

Preferably, the detection assembly comprises a vertical acceleration sensor and a horizontal acceleration sensor, the vertical acceleration sensor and the horizontal acceleration sensor are respectively fixed on the cutter bar through bolts or magnetic force adsorption, and are used for detecting horizontal and vertical vibration and deformation and sending signals to the central controller, and the central controller controls the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve which are correspondingly connected with the vertical acceleration sensor and the horizontal acceleration sensor to perform adjustment.

Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a first fixing bolt and a second fixing bolt, and the first fixing bolt and the second fixing bolt respectively penetrate through the cutter holder through threads and then prop against the cutter bar to fix the cutter bar on the cutter holder.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an adjusting method of the hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter, which comprises the steps that the vertical acceleration sensor and the horizontal acceleration sensor of the boring cutter respectively detect vibration and deformation in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in real time and send signals to the central controller;

when the vertical acceleration sensor detects that the cutter bar is subjected to a main cutting force during cutting, the vertical acceleration sensor sends a signal to the central controller, the central controller controls the first hydraulic control valve to pressurize or decompress liquid in the first blind hole, and the liquid pressure pushes the first piston to generate vertical upward thrust to offset the main cutting force;

when the horizontal acceleration sensor detects that the cutter bar is subjected to radial force during cutting, the horizontal acceleration sensor sends a signal to the central controller, the central controller controls the second hydraulic control valve to pressurize or decompress liquid in the second blind hole, and the liquid pressure pushes the second piston to generate horizontal thrust to counteract the radial force;

the axial force is counteracted by an axial reaction force of the tool holder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention detects the vibration and deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction through the horizontal acceleration sensor; detecting vibration and deformation of the boring cutter in the vertical direction through a vertical acceleration sensor; the vibration and deformation signals of the cutter rod are analyzed, the control signals are transmitted to the corresponding hydraulic control valves according to the control logic, the corresponding pistons are pushed by the hydraulic control valves, and the control signals directly act on the inner hole of the machined workpiece to provide a reaction force for the boring cutter, so that the vibration and deformation of the boring cutter are reduced, and the machining quality of products is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of an adjusting method of a hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring tool according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic adjusting deep hole boring tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a structural diagram illustrating the counteracting structure of the force and the cutting force of the adjusting method of the hydraulic adjusting type deep hole boring cutter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic adjusting deep-hole boring tool, which includes a tool holder, a tool body assembly, a hydraulic adjusting assembly, a fixing assembly, and a detecting assembly;

the tool rest is used for fixing the cutter body assembly by the fixing assembly;

the hydraulic adjusting assembly is arranged in the cutter body assembly and is used for adjusting the vibration or deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions;

the detection assembly is used for detecting the vibration and deformation of the cutter body assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions and sending signals to the central controller, and the central controller controls the hydraulic adjusting assembly to adjust.

As shown in fig. 2, the cutter body assembly includes a boring cutter blade 2 and a cutter bar 3, the boring cutter blade being coupled to one end of the cutter bar by a bolt for cutting a deep hole in a workpiece 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic pressure adjusting assembly includes a first blind hole 301, a second blind hole 302, a first small hole 303, a second small hole 304, a first piston 4, a second piston 5, a first seal hole 305, a second seal hole 306, a first hydraulic pressure control valve 9, and a second hydraulic pressure control valve 10;

the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302 are arranged along the axial direction of the cutter bar 3, one end of the first blind hole 301 and one end of the second blind hole 302 are communicated, and the other end of the first blind hole 301 and the other end of the second blind hole 302 are not communicated;

the cutter bar 3 is provided with two radial first small holes 303 and second small holes 304 which are vertical to each other in the radial direction;

a first piston 4 and a second piston 5 which are precisely matched with the first small hole 303 and the second small hole 304 are respectively arranged in the first small hole 303 and the second small hole 304, and the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 are pushed by the liquid pressure in the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302, so that the vibration and the deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are reduced; the first seal hole 305 and the second seal hole 306 are opened radially and vertically upward, and are provided with threads therein for fixing the first hydraulic control valve 9 and the second hydraulic control valve 10, respectively. As shown in fig. 2, the opened ends of the first and second blind holes 301 and 302 are respectively provided with internal threads, and the plugs are screwed through the first and second plugs 11 and 12, respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, the first hydraulic control valve 9 and the second hydraulic control valve 10 communicate with a first blind hole 301 and a second blind hole 302 in the cutter bar 3, respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, the front end 901 of the first hydraulic control valve 9 is disposed in the first seal hole 305 in the vertical direction of the tool holder 3, the front end 1001 of the second hydraulic control valve 10 is disposed in the second seal hole 306 in the vertical direction of the tool holder 3, and the front end 901 of the first hydraulic control valve 9 and the front end 1001 of the second hydraulic control valve 10 are respectively communicated with the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302 in the tool holder 3 for regulating the hydraulic pressures in the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302. As shown in fig. 2, the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302 have a height difference therebetween, so that the first hydraulic control valve 9 and the second hydraulic control valve 10 precisely control the hydraulic pressure in the first blind hole 301 and the second blind hole 302, respectively.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the detection assembly includes a vertical acceleration sensor 13 and a horizontal acceleration sensor 14, the vertical acceleration sensor 13 and the horizontal acceleration sensor 14 are respectively fixed on the cutter bar 3 by bolts or magnetic force absorption, and are used for detecting horizontal and vertical vibration and deformation and sending signals to the central controller, and the central controller controls the first hydraulic control valve 9 and the second hydraulic control valve 10 which are correspondingly connected with the vertical acceleration sensor 13 and the horizontal acceleration sensor 14 to adjust.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fixing assembly includes a first fixing bolt 7 and a second fixing bolt 8, and the first fixing bolt 7 and the second fixing bolt 8 respectively penetrate through the tool holder 6 through threads and then abut against the tool holder 3 to fix the tool holder 3 to the tool holder.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a method for adjusting a hydraulic pressure adjusting type deep hole boring tool comprises the boring tool, wherein a vertical acceleration sensor 13 and a horizontal acceleration sensor 14 of the boring tool respectively detect vibration and deformation in horizontal and vertical directions in real time and send signals to a central controller;

when the vertical acceleration sensor 13 detects that the tool holder 3 is being cut, it is subjected to a main cutting force F_zThe vertical acceleration sensor 13 sends a signal to the central controller which controls the first hydraulic control valve 9 to pressurize or depressurize the liquid in the first blind hole 301, the liquid pressure pushing the first piston 4 to generate a vertical upward thrust F'_zCounteracting the main cutting force F_z；

When the horizontal acceleration sensor 14 detects that the cutter bar 3 is subjected to a radial force F during cutting_xThe horizontal acceleration sensor 14 sends a signal to the central controller, and the central controller controls the second hydraulic control valve 10 to pressurize or depressurize the liquid in the second blind hole 302, and the liquid pressure pushes the second piston 5Generates a horizontal thrust F'_xCounteracting the radial force F_x；

Said axial force F_yBy axial reaction force F 'of the cutter arbor 3'_yAnd (4) counteracting.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a vertical acceleration sensor 13 and a horizontal acceleration sensor 14 in the boring cutter detect vibration and deformation in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, in real time, and send signals to a central controller; when the vertical acceleration sensor 13 detects that the tool holder 3 is being cut, it is subjected to a main cutting force F_zThe vertical acceleration sensor 13 sends a signal to the central controller which controls the first hydraulic control valve 9 to pressurize or depressurize the liquid in the first blind hole 301, the liquid pressure pushing the first piston 4 to generate a vertical upward thrust F'_zCounteracting the main cutting force F_z(ii) a When the horizontal acceleration sensor 14 detects that the cutter bar 3 is subjected to a radial force F during cutting_xThe horizontal acceleration sensor 14 sends a signal to a central controller, the model of the central controller is PC-3900, the central controller controls the second hydraulic control valve 10 to pressurize or decompress the liquid in the second blind hole 302, and the liquid pressure pushes the second piston 5 to generate horizontal thrust F'_xCounteracting the radial force F_x(ii) a Axial force F_yBy axial reaction force F 'of the cutter arbor 3'_yAnd (4) counteracting.

In conclusion, the vibration and the deformation of the boring cutter in the horizontal direction are detected through the horizontal acceleration sensor; detecting vibration and deformation of the boring cutter in the vertical direction through a vertical acceleration sensor; the vibration and deformation signals of the cutter rod are analyzed, the control signals are transmitted to the corresponding hydraulic control valves according to the control logic, the corresponding pistons are pushed by the hydraulic control valves, and the control signals directly act on the inner hole of the machined workpiece to provide a reaction force for the boring cutter, so that the vibration and deformation of the boring cutter are reduced, and the machining quality of products is improved.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.