阅读说明：本技术 一种基于二维频相扫描阵列的高帧频快速目标探测方法 (High-frame-frequency rapid target detection method based on two-dimensional frequency phase scanning array ) 是由 徐国庆 朱迪 黄莹珠 于 2020-06-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于空域目标探测技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种基于二维频相扫描阵列的高帧频快速目标探测方法,该方法包括：将多频点功率脉冲信号发送至发射天线,发射天线将多频点功率脉冲信号发射至待探测空域中的待测目标,待探测空域中的待测目标产生多频点回波信号；接收天线阵列接收从待测目标反射回的多频点回波信号,采用俯仰向频扫和水平向数字波束合成相结合的方法,利用接收机和数控单元,对接收的多频点回波信号进行俯仰向和水平方向数据处理,得到待测目标的位置信息、速度信息和待测目标的检测距离,完成快速目标探测。(The invention belongs to the technical field of airspace target detection, and particularly relates to a high-frame-frequency rapid target detection method based on a two-dimensional frequency phase scanning array, which comprises the following steps: sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna, transmitting the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a target to be detected in a space to be detected by the transmitting antenna, and generating multi-frequency point echo signals by the target to be detected in the space to be detected; the receiving antenna array receives the multi-frequency point echo signals reflected from the target to be detected, the method of combining the pitching direction frequency scanning and the horizontal direction digital beam synthesis is adopted, the receiver and the numerical control unit are utilized to perform data processing in the pitching direction and the horizontal direction on the received multi-frequency point echo signals, the position information and the speed information of the target to be detected and the detection distance of the target to be detected are obtained, and the rapid target detection is completed.)

1. A high frame frequency fast target detection method based on a two-dimensional frequency phase scanning array comprises the following steps: the system comprises a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna array, a receiver and a numerical control unit; the receiving antenna array is electrically connected with a receiver, and the receiver is electrically connected with the numerical control unit, and the method comprises the following steps:

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna, transmitting the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a target to be detected in a space to be detected by the transmitting antenna, and generating multi-frequency point echo signals by the target to be detected in the space to be detected;

the receiving antenna array receives the multi-frequency point echo signals reflected from the target to be detected, the method of combining the pitching direction frequency scanning and the horizontal direction digital beam synthesis is adopted, the receiver and the numerical control unit are utilized to perform data processing in the pitching direction and the horizontal direction on the received multi-frequency point echo signals, the position information and the speed information of the target to be detected and the detection distance of the target to be detected are obtained, and the rapid target detection is completed.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiver comprises: a plurality of multi-segment wave position filters and a plurality of channel receiving components; the numerical control unit includes: a plurality of A/D converters and a data processing module;

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna to form a transmitting link;

each receiving antenna in the receiving antenna array is sequentially connected with the multi-section wave position filter, the channel receiving assembly, the A/D converter and the data processing module to form a receiving link.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a single transmitting waveguide.

4. The method for high frame rate fast object detection based on two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array according to claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna array comprises: a plurality of horizontally arranged parallel receiving antennas; wherein each receive antenna comprises a single frequency-swept waveguide.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna array receives multi-frequency echo signals reflected from the target, and performs pitch and horizontal data processing on the received multi-frequency echo signals by using a receiver and a numerical control unit by using a method combining pitch-direction frequency scanning and horizontal-direction digital beam synthesis to obtain position information and speed information of the target and a detection distance of the target; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps that a transmitting antenna transmits a multi-frequency point power pulse signal to a target to be detected, each receiving antenna in a receiving antenna array receives a multi-frequency point echo signal reflected from the target to be detected, the multi-frequency point echo signal is input to a multi-section wave position filter to be subjected to multi-section wave position filtering processing, high-frequency analog signals of different pitching wave positions are obtained, each high-frequency analog signal is input to a signal receiving assembly to be subjected to frequency reduction processing, an intermediate-frequency analog signal is obtained, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out through an A/D converter, a digital intermediate-frequency signal is obtained, each digital intermediate-frequency signal is input to a data processing module to be subjected to data processing, and a plurality of digital intermediate-frequency signals of different pitching wave positions and pitching wave beam angles corresponding to the digital intermediate-frequency signals are obtained;

meanwhile, a plurality of digital intermediate frequency signals of each same pitching wave position form a group of data, and the group of data is input to a data processing module for digital beam synthesis processing to obtain a horizontal beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

obtaining position information of the target to be detected according to the pitching wave beam angle and the horizontal wave beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

calculating the time difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, and multiplying the time difference by the light speed to obtain the detection distance of the target to be detected;

and calculating the frequency difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the echo signal, and obtaining the speed of the target to be detected as the speed information of the target to be detected.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of airspace target detection, and particularly relates to a high-frame-frequency rapid target detection method based on a two-dimensional frequency phase scanning array.

Background

The two-dimensional scanning technology of the wave beam is the core of a phased array, the technology carries out wave beam synthesis by transmitting a plurality of electromagnetic pulse signals with different phases so as to form a wave beam detection target with a specific pointing direction, and on the basis, the two-dimensional scanning of different pointing angles is finished by continuously changing the wave beam pointing direction. The high frame frequency two-dimensional broadband scanning technology provides a technical scheme which is different from the existing phased array beam synthesis technology and can realize rapid scanning.

The high-frame-frequency two-dimensional broadband scanning technology can realize rapid airspace scanning, has low technical complexity and low cost, and has wide application prospect in the aspects of tracking detection and countermeasures of low-altitude high-speed unmanned aerial vehicles, intelligent protection of land perimeters and adjacent airspaces of important places, close-range active protection of important moving vehicle targets and the like.

The existing two-dimensional wave velocity scanning method has the defects of slow scanning speed, long scanning time and high system technology complexity; the method comprises the following specific steps:

1. the existing two-dimensional phase control scanning technology has slow scanning speed; if the scanning time of each wave position is T, N wave positions exist in the horizontal direction, and M wave positions exist in the pitching direction, the scanning time is M multiplied by N T times;

2. the existing two-dimensional phase control scanning technology has high complexity, and a phase shifter (or TR component) needs to be added behind each unit. The system is very complex and costly. The cost performance of target detection is very poor, and large-scale application cannot be realized, particularly in the civil field;

disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-frame-frequency rapid target detection method based on a two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array, which realizes rapid scanning of a to-be-detected airspace, can accurately measure position information, detection distance and speed information of the to-be-detected target, and has the advantages of low complexity and low cost.

The two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array comprises: the system comprises a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna array, a receiver and a numerical control unit; the receiving antenna array is electrically connected with a receiver, and the receiver is electrically connected with the numerical control unit, and the method comprises the following steps:

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna, transmitting the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a target to be detected in a space to be detected by the transmitting antenna, and generating multi-frequency point echo signals by the target to be detected in the space to be detected;

the receiving antenna array receives the multi-frequency point echo signals reflected from the target to be detected, the method of combining the pitching direction frequency scanning and the horizontal direction digital beam synthesis is adopted, the receiver and the numerical control unit are utilized to perform data processing in the pitching direction and the horizontal direction on the received multi-frequency point echo signals, the position information and the speed information of the target to be detected and the detection distance of the target to be detected are obtained, and the rapid target detection is completed.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the receiver includes: a plurality of multi-segment wave position filters and a plurality of channel receiving components; the numerical control unit includes: a plurality of A/D converters and a data processing module;

wherein, each multi-section wave position filter is sequentially connected with the channel receiving component and the A/D converter in turn;

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna to form a transmitting link;

each receiving antenna in the receiving antenna array is sequentially connected with the multi-section wave position filter, the channel receiving assembly, the A/D converter and the data processing module to form a receiving link.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the transmitting antenna includes a single transmitting waveguide.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the receiving antenna array includes: a plurality of horizontally arranged parallel receiving antennas; wherein each receive antenna comprises a single frequency-swept waveguide.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the receiving antenna array receives a multi-frequency point echo signal reflected from a target to be detected, and performs data processing in a pitching direction and a horizontal direction on the received multi-frequency point echo signal by using a receiver and a numerical control unit by using a method combining a pitching direction frequency sweep and a horizontal direction digital beam synthesis to obtain position information and speed information of the target to be detected and a detection distance of the target to be detected; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps that a transmitting antenna transmits a multi-frequency point power pulse signal to a target to be detected, each receiving antenna in a receiving antenna array receives a multi-frequency point echo signal reflected from the target to be detected, the multi-frequency point echo signal is input to a multi-section wave position filter to be subjected to multi-section wave position filtering processing, high-frequency analog signals of different pitching wave positions are obtained, each high-frequency analog signal is input to a signal receiving assembly to be subjected to frequency reduction processing, an intermediate-frequency analog signal is obtained, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out through an A/D converter, a digital intermediate-frequency signal is obtained, each digital intermediate-frequency signal is input to a data processing module to be subjected to data processing, and a plurality of digital intermediate-frequency signals of different pitching wave positions and pitching wave beam angles corresponding to the digital intermediate-frequency signals are obtained;

meanwhile, a plurality of digital intermediate frequency signals of each same pitching wave position form a group of data, and the group of data is input to a data processing module for digital beam synthesis processing to obtain a horizontal beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

obtaining position information of the target to be detected according to the pitching wave beam angle and the horizontal wave beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

calculating the time difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, and multiplying the time difference by the light speed to obtain the detection distance of the target to be detected;

and calculating the frequency difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the echo signal, and obtaining the speed of the target to be detected as the speed information of the target to be detected.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method has high scanning speed, can realize the total scanning of the wave position in the horizontal direction and the wave position in the pitching direction only by utilizing the scanning time T of the original single wave position, improves the speed by N times M (N wave positions in the horizontal direction and M wave positions in the pitching direction) compared with the traditional two-dimensional scanning mode, can realize higher frame frequency, and can provide higher data refreshing rate for a high-speed target.

2. By adopting a new scanning mode of pitching frequency scanning, wave band filtering and horizontal digital beam synthesis, the rapid scanning can be realized, and when a target to be detected is detected, higher scanning speed and data updating rate are realized, the target can be found more rapidly at higher scanning speed, the data refreshing rate is higher, and the complex motion track of the target to be detected can be tracked;

3. the system has the advantages of low complexity, simple structure and low cost, and is very suitable for a system adopting a phase control mode for scanning.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the circuit connection of a two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array of a high frame rate fast target detection method based on the two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an array of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas in a two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array of the high frame rate fast target detection method based on the two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the signal processing of the numerical control unit of the two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array of the high frame rate fast target detection method based on the two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a high-frame-frequency rapid target detection method based on a two-dimensional frequency-phase scanning array, which is mainly used for detecting, positioning and tracking a high-speed target. Wherein the high-speed target is a target with a speed of more than 100 m/s;

as shown in fig. 1, the receiver includes: a plurality of multi-segment wave position filters and a plurality of channel receiving components; the numerical control unit includes: a plurality of A/D converters and a data processing module;

wherein, each multi-section wave position filter is sequentially connected with the channel receiving component and the A/D converter in turn;

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna to form a transmitting link;

each receiving antenna in the receiving antenna array is sequentially connected with the multi-section wave position filter, the channel receiving assembly, the A/D converter and the data processing module to form a receiving link.

As shown in fig. 2, the transmitting antenna includes a single transmitting waveguide.

As shown in fig. 2, the receiving antenna array includes: a plurality of horizontally arranged parallel receiving antennas; wherein each receive antenna comprises a single frequency-swept waveguide. The receiving antenna array is a rectangular plane array.

The method comprises the following steps:

sending the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a transmitting antenna, transmitting the multi-frequency point power pulse signals to a target to be detected in a space to be detected by the transmitting antenna, and generating multi-frequency point echo signals by the target to be detected in the space to be detected;

in the present embodiment, the multi-frequency point power pulse signal is generated by a DDS signal processor.

The receiving antenna array receives the multi-frequency point echo signals reflected from the target to be detected, the method of combining the pitching direction frequency scanning and the horizontal direction digital beam synthesis is adopted, the receiver and the numerical control unit are utilized to perform data processing in the pitching direction and the horizontal direction on the received multi-frequency point echo signals, the position information and the speed information of the target to be detected and the detection distance of the target to be detected are obtained, and the rapid target detection is completed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a transmitting antenna transmits a multi-frequency-point power pulse signal to a target to be measured, each receiving antenna in a receiving antenna array receives a multi-frequency-point echo signal reflected from the target to be measured, the multi-frequency-point echo signal is input to a multi-section wave position filter to be subjected to multi-section wave position filtering processing, so as to obtain high-frequency analog signals of different pitch wave positions, each high-frequency analog signal is input to a signal receiving assembly to be subjected to frequency reduction processing, so as to obtain an intermediate-frequency analog signal, the intermediate-frequency analog signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by an a/D converter, so as to obtain a digital intermediate-frequency signal, and each digital intermediate-frequency signal is input to a data processing module to be subjected to data processing, so as to obtain digital intermediate-frequency signals of a plurality of different pitch wave positions and pitch wave beam angles corresponding to the digital intermediate-frequency signals;

meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of digital intermediate frequency signals of each same pitching wave position form a group of data, and the group of data is input to the data processing module for digital beam forming processing, so as to obtain a horizontal beam angle of each same pitching wave position; the pitch single wave position in fig. 3 is each of the same pitch wave positions, wherein ADC sampling data is each of Digital intermediate frequency signals, and each of the Digital intermediate frequency signals is input to a data processing module through a DDC (Direct Digital Control) controller to be subjected to Digital Beam Forming (DBF) processing, so as to obtain a horizontal beam angle of each of the same pitch wave positions, and the horizontal beam angle is used as a wavefront scanning result of the receiving antenna array; obtaining position information of the target to be detected according to the pitching wave beam angle and the horizontal wave beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

calculating the time difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, and multiplying the time difference by the light speed to obtain the detection distance of the target to be detected;

and calculating the frequency difference between the transmitted multi-frequency point power pulse signal and the reflected multi-frequency point echo signal through the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal, obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the echo signal, and obtaining the speed of the target to be detected as the speed information of the target to be detected.

In this embodiment, a transmitting antenna transmits M frequency point power pulse signals to a target to be detected, a receiving antenna array is composed of N single receiving antennas, receives a multi-frequency point echo signal reflected from the target to be detected, performs multi-section wave position filtering processing, frequency reduction processing and analog-to-digital conversion on the multi-frequency point echo signal, and inputs the multi-frequency point echo signal to a data processing module for data processing to obtain M digital intermediate frequency signals with different pitching wave positions and corresponding pitching beam angles thereof;

meanwhile, N digital intermediate frequency signals of each same pitching wave position form a group of data, and the group of data is input to a data processing module for digital beam synthesis processing to obtain a horizontal direction beam angle of each same pitching wave position;

obtaining position information of the target to be detected according to the pitching beam angle and the horizontal beam angle; the information of different positions of the target to be detected is obtained within T time, and the rapid scanning is realized.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.