阅读说明：本技术 内花键的高精度加工设备及内花键加工方法 (High-precision machining equipment and method for internal spline ) 是由 任强 于 2021-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种内花键的高精度加工设备及内花键加工方法,涉及内花键加工技术领域；一种内花键的高精度加工设备,包括机架,机架固定设置有用于装夹工件的工作台,工作台沿上下方向贯穿设置有用于供花键拉刀穿设的让位孔；机架位于工作台的下方的位置设置有用于固定花键拉刀的下端的滑动座,滑动座沿上下方向与机架滑移连接；机架与滑动座之间设置有用于驱动滑动座上下滑动的驱动件；机架位于工作台与滑动座之间的位置设置有用于清扫花键拉刀的清扫组件和用于喷射冲洗液以清洗花键拉刀的冲洗组件；冲洗组件位于清扫组件的下方。清扫组件与冲洗组件配合,可清理花键拉刀上的碎屑,以减小切削碎屑划伤工件的风险,有利于提高内花键的加工精度。(The application discloses high-precision machining equipment and a method for machining an internal spline, and relates to the technical field of internal spline machining; a high-precision machining device for an internal spline comprises a rack, wherein a workbench for clamping a workpiece is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a abdicating hole for a spline broach to penetrate through is arranged in the workbench in a vertical direction in a penetrating manner; a sliding seat for fixing the lower end of the spline broach is arranged at the position, below the workbench, of the rack, and the sliding seat is connected with the rack in a sliding manner along the vertical direction; a driving piece for driving the sliding seat to slide up and down is arranged between the rack and the sliding seat; a cleaning assembly for cleaning the spline broach and a washing assembly for spraying washing liquid to clean the spline broach are arranged at the position, between the workbench and the sliding seat, of the machine frame; the flushing assembly is located below the sweeping assembly. Clean the subassembly and wash the subassembly cooperation, can clear up the piece on the spline broach to reduce the risk of cutting piece fish tail work piece, be favorable to improving the machining precision of internal spline.)

1. The high-precision machining equipment for the internal spline comprises a rack (1), wherein a workbench (11) for clamping a workpiece is fixedly arranged on the rack (1), and a yielding hole (111) for the spline broach (122) to penetrate through is formed in the workbench (11) in a vertical direction in a penetrating mode; the method is characterized in that: a sliding seat (12) used for fixing the lower end of the spline broach (122) is arranged at the position, below the workbench (11), of the rack (1), and the sliding seat (12) is connected with the rack (1) in a sliding mode along the vertical direction; a driving piece (15) for driving the sliding seat (12) to slide up and down is arranged between the rack (1) and the sliding seat (12); a cleaning assembly (2) for cleaning the spline broach (122) and a washing assembly (3) for spraying washing liquid to clean the spline broach (122) are arranged at a position, located between the workbench (11) and the sliding seat (12), of the machine frame (1); the flushing component (3) is positioned below the sweeping component (2).

2. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 1, characterized in that: the cleaning assembly (2) comprises a fixing ring (21) for the spline broach (122) to penetrate through and a plurality of mounting blocks (22) which are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring (21), and each mounting block (22) is detachably connected with the fixing ring (21); each mounting block (22) is fixedly provided with cleaning bristles (221) used for being in contact with a spline broach (122), and the fixing ring (21) is fixedly connected with the rack (1).

3. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 2, characterized in that: the fixing ring (21) is provided with a sliding groove (211) at the position of each mounting block (22) along the radial direction of the fixing ring (21), and the inner side wall of each sliding groove (211) is connected with a sliding block (212) in a sliding manner; each mounting block (22) is detachably connected with the corresponding sliding block (212); and a driving assembly (4) for driving the sliding block (212) to slide is arranged between the sliding block (212) and the fixing ring (21).

4. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 3, characterized in that: the driving assembly (4) comprises a plurality of driving screw rods (41) which correspond to all the sliding blocks (212) one by one, a driving gear (42) which is rotationally connected with the fixed ring (21), and a power assembly (43) which is used for driving the driving gear (42) to rotate, wherein each driving screw rod (41) is fixedly connected with a connecting gear (411) which is meshed with the driving gear (42); each driving screw rod (41) is in threaded connection with the corresponding sliding block (212), and each driving screw rod (41) is rotationally connected with the fixing ring (21).

5. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 4, characterized in that: the power assembly (43) comprises a rotating shaft (431) and a connecting shaft (432) which are rotatably connected with the fixed ring (21), a rotating gear (433) fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (431), a forward power gear (434) and a reverse power gear (435) which are connected with the connecting shaft (432), and a mounting rod (436) fixedly connected with the sliding seat (12); the rotating gear (433) is meshed with the driving gear (42), and the connecting shaft (432) is connected with the rotating shaft (431); one end of the mounting rod (436) is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (12), and the other end of the mounting rod (436) extends upwards; a forward power rack (4361) meshed with the forward power gear (434) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rod (436), and a reverse power rack (4362) meshed with the reverse power gear (435) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the mounting rod (436); one-way bearings are connected between the forward power gear (434) and the reverse power gear (435) and the rotating shaft (431), and the free rotation direction of the forward power gear (434) is opposite to that of the reverse power gear (435).

6. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 5, characterized in that: the connecting shaft (432) is fixedly connected with a first transmission gear (4321), and the rotating shaft (431) is fixedly connected with a second transmission gear (4311); the first transmission gear (4321) is meshed with a second transmission gear (4311); the number of teeth of the first transmission gear (4321) is greater than that of the second transmission gear (4311).

7. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 5, characterized in that: the positions of the forward power rack (4361) and the reverse power rack (4362) can be adjusted along the up-down direction.

8. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 1, characterized in that: the flushing assembly (3) comprises a driving pump (31), a flushing ring pipe (32) for the spline broach (122) to penetrate through and a bearing disc (33) for bearing flushing liquid; the input end of the driving pump (31) is connected with the bearing disc (33), and the output end of the driving pump (31) is connected with the flushing ring pipe (32); the flushing ring pipe (32) is provided with a plurality of flushing holes (321) for spraying flushing liquid to the spline broach (122) in a penetrating manner, and the flushing holes (321) are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the flushing ring pipe (32); the flushing ring pipe (32), the bearing disc (33) and the driving pump (31) are fixedly connected with the frame (1).

9. The high-precision machining apparatus for internal splines of claim 1, characterized in that: the sliding seat (12) is fixedly connected with a guide seat (13), and the guide seat (13) is positioned above the workbench (11); the guide seat (13) is provided with a positioning sleeve (131) which is sleeved at the upper end of the spline broach (122) in a sliding manner along the up-down direction; the guide seat (13) is provided with an elastic piece (133) for driving the positioning sleeve (131) to slide downwards.

10. The internal spline machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following processing procedures:

processing an inner hole: finely machining an inner hole of the workpiece;

chamfering an inner hole: chamfering two ends of an inner hole of the workpiece to remove burrs;

processing an inner spline: machining the internal spline of the workpiece by the high-precision machining apparatus for the internal spline according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

quenching: and carrying out quenching treatment on the inner spline.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of internal spline machining, in particular to high-precision machining equipment and a machining method for an internal spline.

Background

The splines comprise an inner spline and an outer spline; the splines on the outer cylindrical surface are external splines and the splines on the inner cylindrical surface are internal splines. The machining process of the internal spline comprises slotting machining, broaching machining and the like.

The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN210755519U discloses a device for processing an internal spline of a knuckle yoke of an automobile steering gear, which adopts a broaching process to process the internal spline and comprises a frame, wherein a support plate is fixedly arranged on the frame; an upper sliding plate is arranged at the position, above the supporting plate, of the rack, a lower sliding plate is arranged at the position, below the supporting plate, of the rack, and the upper sliding plate and the lower sliding plate are connected with the rack in a sliding mode along the vertical direction; the upper surface of the supporting plate is fixedly provided with a driving oil cylinder A to drive the upper sliding plate to slide, and the lower surface of the supporting plate is fixedly provided with a driving oil cylinder B to drive the lower sliding plate to slide; a broach is connected between the upper sliding plate and the lower sliding plate, and a broach guide hole for the broach to penetrate is arranged on the supporting plate. When the broaching tool is used, an operator fixedly installs a workpiece to be machined on the supporting plate and aligns an inner hole of the workpiece with the broaching tool guide hole; then, an operator fixes the upper end of the broach to the upper sliding plate, sequentially penetrates the lower end of the broach through the inner hole of the workpiece and the broach guide hole, and fixedly connects the lower end of the workpiece with the lower sliding plate; then, an operator starts the driving oil cylinder A and the driving oil cylinder B to drive the broaching tool to move downwards, so that the inner hole of the workpiece is broached to form an inner spline; after the internal spline is machined, an operator separates the lower end of the broach from the lower sliding plate and moves the broach out of an inner hole of the workpiece; and finally, the operator takes down the workpiece.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors believe that, after the broach downwardly processes the workpiece, the broach is liable to be stained with cutting chips; in the process that the broach moves upwards and retreats from the inner hole of the workpiece, the machined internal spline is easily scratched by chips attached to the broach, so that the machining precision of the internal spline is poor, and improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the poor problem of machining precision of internal spline, the application provides a high accuracy processing equipment and internal spline processing method of internal spline.

First aspect, the present application provides a high accuracy processing equipment of internal spline, and it adopts following technical scheme:

the high-precision machining equipment for the internal spline comprises a rack, wherein a workbench for clamping a workpiece is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a abdicating hole for a spline broach to penetrate through is arranged in the workbench in a vertical direction in a penetrating manner; a sliding seat for fixing the lower end of the spline broach is arranged at the position, below the workbench, of the rack, and the sliding seat is connected with the rack in a sliding manner along the up-down direction; a driving piece for driving the sliding seat to slide up and down is arranged between the rack and the sliding seat; a cleaning assembly for cleaning the spline broach and a washing assembly for spraying washing liquid to clean the spline broach are arranged at the position, between the workbench and the sliding seat, of the machine frame; the flushing assembly is located below the sweeping assembly.

By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece to be processed is fixedly arranged on the workbench, then the lower end of the spline broach sequentially penetrates through the inner hole and the abdicating hole of the workpiece, and the lower end of the spline broach is fixed with the sliding seat; and finally, starting the driving piece to drive the spline broach to move downwards so that the cutting edge of the spline broach is contacted with the inner hole of the workpiece to process the inner spline. In the process that the spline broach moves downwards along with the sliding seat, the cleaning assembly can clean the spline broach so as to reduce the amount of cutting debris attached to the spline broach; the flushing assembly can spray flushing liquid to the spline broach to flush the cleaned part of the spline broach so as to further reduce the amount of cutting debris attached to the spline broach, thereby reducing the risk that the machined internal spline is scratched due to the fact that the cutting debris moves upwards along with the spline broach in a resetting manner, and being beneficial to improving the machining precision of the internal spline; meanwhile, the operation of manually cleaning the scraps on the spline broach by operators can be reduced, the working strength of the operators is favorably reduced, and the processing efficiency of the internal spline is improved.

Optionally, the sweeping assembly comprises a fixing ring for the spline broach to penetrate through and a plurality of mounting blocks sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring, and each mounting block is detachably connected with the fixing ring; every the installation piece all is fixed be provided with be used for with the clean brush hair of spline broach contact, solid fixed ring and frame fixed connection.

By adopting the technical scheme, the mounting blocks are detachably connected with the fixing rings, and when the cleaning bristles are worn or damaged, an operator can detach the corresponding mounting blocks and replace the mounting blocks with new ones, so that the cleaning effect of the cleaning assembly is ensured; simultaneously, a plurality of installation pieces are mutually supported, and operating personnel can only dismouting need change the installation piece of cleaning brush hair, is favorable to improving the utilization ratio of remaining cleaning brush hair, reduces extravagantly, practices thrift the processing cost.

Optionally, a sliding groove is formed in the position, located on each mounting block, of the fixing ring along the radial direction of the fixing ring, and a sliding block is connected to the inner side wall of each sliding groove in a sliding manner; each mounting block is detachably connected with the corresponding sliding block; and a driving component for driving the sliding block to slide is arranged between the sliding block and the fixing ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the spline broach moves that resets upwards, drive assembly can drive whole sliding block and slide to the axis direction of keeping away from solid fixed ring to make clean brush hair and spline broach break away from, reduce the cutting piece that is stained with on clean brush hair and be infected with the possibility of spline broach, thereby be favorable to guaranteeing the cleanness of spline broach.

Optionally, the driving assembly includes a plurality of driving screws corresponding to all the sliding blocks one to one, a driving gear rotationally connected to the fixing ring, and a power assembly for driving the driving gear to rotate, and each driving screw is fixedly connected to a connecting gear engaged with the driving gear; every drive screw all with the sliding block threaded connection that corresponds, every drive screw all rotates with solid fixed ring and is connected.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, power component drive gear rotates, can drive whole connecting gear and rotate to drive whole drive screw synchronous rotation, thereby the drive sliding block slides, simple structure, and the transmission is stable.

Optionally, the power assembly includes a rotating shaft and a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the fixing ring, a rotating gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a forward power gear and a reverse power gear connected to the connecting shaft, and an installation rod fixedly connected to the sliding seat; the rotating gear is meshed with the driving gear, and the connecting shaft is connected with the rotating shaft; one end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, and the other end of the mounting rod extends upwards; the upper end of the mounting rod is fixedly provided with a forward power rack meshed with the forward power gear, and the lower end of the mounting rod is fixedly provided with a reverse power rack meshed with the reverse power gear; one-way bearings are connected between the forward power gear and the rotating shaft, and the direction of free rotation of the forward power gear is opposite to that of the reverse power gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the process that the spline broach moves downwards along with the sliding seat, the reverse power rack is firstly meshed with the reverse power gear to drive the connecting shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft rotates along with the reverse power rack, so that the sliding block slides towards the axis direction of the fixed ring; when the sliding block moves to a certain position, the cleaning bristles are in contact with the spline broach so as to clean the spline broach by the cleaning bristles; at the moment, the reverse power rack is separated from the reverse power gear; the spline broach continues to move downwards for a certain distance to cut a workpiece, the forward power rack can be meshed with the forward power gear to drive the forward power gear to rotate relative to the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft keeps static; when the spline broach moves downwards until the cutting edge of the spline broach is separated from the workpiece, the driving piece drives the sliding seat to move upwards; at the moment, the forward power rack is meshed with the forward power gear to drive the connecting shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft rotates along with the connecting shaft, so that the sliding block slides towards the axis direction far away from the fixed ring, and the cleaning bristles are separated from the spline broach; when the reverse power rack is meshed with the reverse power gear, the reverse power gear rotates relative to the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft keeps static. Through power component's setting, the sliding seat drives the in-process of spline broach processing work piece, and the sliding block can drive the installation piece and clean the brush hair and be close to or keep away from to the spline broach automatically, need not external power source, simple structure, simple operation.

Optionally, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a first transmission gear, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a second transmission gear; the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear; the number of teeth of the first transmission gear is larger than that of the second transmission gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear so as to connect the connecting shaft with the rotating shaft; the number of teeth of first drive gear is greater than the number of teeth of second drive gear, is favorable to reducing the connecting axle pivoted number of turns to be favorable to reducing the length of forward power rack and reverse power rack, and then be favorable to reducing the length of the idle stroke of spline broach, with the cutting efficiency who improves the spline broach.

Optionally, the positions of the forward power rack and the reverse power rack can be adjusted along the up-down direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the positions of the forward power rack and the reverse power rack can be adjusted up and down to be suitable for spline broaches of different models, so that the processing of internal splines of different models is facilitated.

Optionally, the flushing assembly comprises a driving pump, a flushing ring pipe for the spline broach to penetrate through, and a receiving disc for receiving flushing liquid; the input end of the driving pump is connected with the bearing disc, and the output end of the driving pump is connected with the flushing ring pipe; the washing ring pipe is provided with a plurality of washing holes for spraying washing liquid to the spline broach in a penetrating manner, and the washing holes are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the washing ring pipe; the flushing ring pipe, the bearing disc and the driving pump are all fixedly connected with the frame.

By adopting the technical scheme, the driving pump can input the flushing liquid in the bearing disc into the flushing ring pipe, and the flushing liquid in the flushing ring pipe can be sprayed out from the flushing hole to flush the spline broach; the flushing liquid which washes the spline broach can fall into the bearing disc, so that the flushing liquid can be recycled, and the processing cost is reduced.

Optionally, the sliding seat is fixedly connected with a guide seat, and the guide seat is located above the workbench; the guide seat is provided with a positioning sleeve in a sliding manner along the up-down direction, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the spline broach; the guide seat is provided with an elastic piece for driving the positioning sleeve to slide downwards.

By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the spline broach and can support the upper end of the spline broach so as to improve the rigidity of the upper end of the spline broach and reduce the possibility of bending of the spline broach in the process of processing the internal spline, thereby improving the processing precision of the internal spline; the elastic piece can reduce the possibility that the locating sleeve is separated from the spline broach, and the stability of the connection between the locating sleeve and the spline broach is improved.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for machining an internal spline, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the internal spline machining method comprises the following machining procedures:

processing an inner hole: finely machining an inner hole of the workpiece;

chamfering an inner hole: chamfering two ends of an inner hole of the workpiece to remove burrs;

processing an inner spline: processing the internal spline of the workpiece by high-precision processing equipment of the internal spline;

quenching: and carrying out quenching treatment on the inner spline.

By adopting the technical scheme, the internal spline machining is carried out on the workpiece through the high-precision machining equipment of the internal spline, the machining precision of the internal spline of the workpiece is improved, and the quality of the workpiece is improved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the cleaning assembly is matched with the flushing assembly, cutting scraps on the spline broach can be automatically cleaned, and the risk that the scraps scratch the internal spline is reduced, so that the processing precision of the internal spline is improved;

2. the forward power gear is in meshing transmission with the forward power rack, and the reverse power gear is in meshing transmission with the reverse power rack, so that the sliding block can be driven to automatically slide, the cleaning bristles can be close to or far away from the spline broach, an external power source is not required, and the operation is more convenient and labor-saving;

3. the locating sleeve can improve the rigidity of the upper end of the spline broach so as to further improve the processing precision of the internal spline.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a high-precision machining device for internal splines according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view for showing the structure of the sweeping assembly.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view for showing a connection structure between a mounting block and a fixing ring.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view for showing the structure of the flushing assembly.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a frame; 11. a work table; 111. a hole of abdication; 12. a sliding seat; 121. a connecting rod; 122. spline broaching; 13. a guide seat; 131. a positioning sleeve; 132. positioning a rod; 1321. a limiting block; 133. an elastic member; 14. a guide bar; 15. a drive member; 2. a sweeping assembly; 21. a fixing ring; 211. a sliding groove; 212. a sliding block; 2121. an embedding groove; 22. mounting blocks; 221. cleaning the bristles; 222. mounting screws; 3. a flushing assembly; 31. driving the pump; 311. a pipeline; 32. flushing a ring pipe; 321. flushing the hole; 33. a bearing plate; 4. a drive assembly; 41. a drive screw; 411. a connecting gear; 42. a drive gear; 43. a power assembly; 431. a rotating shaft; 4311. a second transmission gear; 432. a connecting shaft; 4321. a first drive gear; 433. a rotating gear; 434. a forward power gear; 435. a reverse power gear; 436. mounting a rod; 4361. a forward power rack; 4362. a reverse power rack; 4363. a threaded bore.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

The embodiment of the application discloses high accuracy processing equipment of internal spline. Referring to fig. 1, the high-precision machining equipment for the internal spline comprises a rack 1, wherein a workbench 11 is welded and fixed on the rack 1; a sliding seat 12 is arranged at the position of the machine frame 1 below the workbench 11, and a guide seat 13 is arranged at the position of the machine frame 1 above the workbench 11. The frame 1 is fixedly welded with guide rods 14, the number of the guide rods 14 is four, and the four guide rods 14 are respectively positioned at four corners of the frame 1; the four guide bars 14 are arranged in the vertical direction in the longitudinal direction. The four guide rods 14 penetrate through the sliding seat 12 and the guide seat 13; the sliding seat 12 and the guide seat 13 can slide in the up-and-down direction. A connecting rod 121 is welded and fixed between the guide seat 13 and the sliding seat 12, so that the guide seat 13 and the sliding seat 12 are connected into a whole. The frame 1 is provided with a driving part 15, the driving part 15 can be an oil cylinder, the driving part 15 can also be an electric cylinder, and the driving part 15 can also be a linear motor or other driving structures; in this embodiment, the driving member 15 is an oil cylinder. The cylinder body of the driving part 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the frame 1 through a screw, and the piston rod of the driving part 15 extends downwards and is welded and fixed with the sliding seat 12 so as to drive the sliding seat 12 and the guide seat 13 to slide up and down.

Referring to fig. 1, a relief hole 111 is formed through the upper surface of the table 11. A spline broach 122 is arranged between the sliding seat 12 and the guide seat 13. The upper end of the spline broach 122 is connected with the guide seat 13, and the lower end of the spline broach 122 downwards passes through the abdicating hole 111 and is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 12. When the tool is used, an operator fixedly installs a workpiece to be processed with an internal spline on the upper surface of the workbench 11, and aligns an inner hole of the workpiece with the abdicating hole 111; then, the polished rod part at the lower end of the spline broach 122 penetrates through the inner hole of the workpiece, and the upper end of the spline broach 122 is connected with the guide seat 13; then, the operator fixes the lower end of the spline broach 122 with the sliding seat 12; finally, the operator starts the driving member 15, and the spline broach 122 moves downwards along with the sliding seat 12 so that the cutting edge of the spline broach 122 cuts the workpiece to perform the machining operation of the internal spline.

Referring to fig. 1, a cleaning assembly 2 and a flushing assembly 3 are disposed at a position of a frame 1 between a worktable 11 and a sliding seat 12, and the flushing assembly 3 is located at a position below the cleaning assembly 2. The sweeping assembly 2 is used for sweeping the spline broach 122 so as to reduce cutting debris attached to the spline broach 122; the flushing assembly 3 may spray a flushing fluid against the spline broach 122 to further clean the portion of the spline broach 122 that is swept away, thereby further reducing cutting debris to improve the cleanliness of the spline broach 122.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a positioning sleeve 131 is disposed on a lower surface of the guide holder 13; the positions of the guide holder 13 on both sides of the positioning sleeve 131 are welded and fixed with positioning rods 132 extending downward, both sides of the positioning sleeve 131 are sleeved on the corresponding positioning rods 132, and the lower end of the positioning rod 132 is welded and fixed with a limiting block 1321 abutted against the positioning sleeve 131 to limit the downward sliding of the positioning sleeve 131. When the spline broach 122 is connected with the guide seat 13, an operator inserts the upper end of the spline broach 122 into the positioning sleeve 131; the positioning sleeve 131 may support the upper end of the spline broach 122, improving the rigidity of the upper end of the spline broach 122. An elastic piece 133 is arranged between the positioning sleeve 131 and the guide seat 13; in this embodiment, the elastic member 133 includes a spring, the elastic member 133 is sleeved on the positioning rod 132, one end of the elastic member 133 abuts against the guide seat 13, and the other end of the elastic member 133 abuts against the positioning sleeve 131, so as to reduce the possibility that the positioning sleeve 131 is separated from the upper end of the spline broach 122.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, cleaning assembly 2 includes a fixed ring 21 and a plurality of mounting blocks 22, all of mounting blocks 22 being sequentially disposed at positions on an upper surface of fixed ring 21 in a circumferential direction of fixed ring 21; the fixed ring 21 is welded and fixed with the frame 1. Each mounting block 22 is fixedly bonded with a cleaning bristle 221 extending in the axial direction of the fixed ring 21, and the cleaning bristle 221 is a soft bristle; in this embodiment, the cleaning bristles 221 are made of plastic. During the downward movement of the spline broach 122, the cleaning bristles 221 may contact the spline broach 122 to clean the spline broach 122.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the upper surface of the fixing ring 21 at the position of each mounting block 22 is provided with a sliding groove 211, and the sliding groove 211 is formed along the radial direction of the fixing ring 21; in this embodiment, the sliding groove 211 is a dovetail groove. The inner side wall of each sliding groove 211 is connected with a sliding block 212 in a sliding manner; each mounting block 22 is provided with an embedding groove 2121, and one end of the corresponding mounting block 22 far away from the cleaning bristles 221 can be embedded in the embedding groove 2121. A mounting screw 222 is inserted through one end of the mounting block 22 close to the embedding slot 2121, and the mounting screw 222 is in threaded connection with the sliding block 212 to fix the mounting block 22. When the cleaning bristles 221 need to be replaced, an operator can detach the mounting block 22 and replace the mounting block 22 with a new one, so that the operation is convenient and quick.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a driving assembly 4 is connected between all the sliding blocks 212 and the fixed ring 21, and the driving assembly 4 includes a driving screw 41, a driving gear 42, and a power assembly 43. The number of the driving screws 41 is the same as that of the sliding blocks 212, all the driving screws 41 correspond to all the sliding blocks 212 one by one, the axial direction of each driving screw 41 is arranged along the sliding direction of the corresponding sliding block 212, and each driving screw 41 is in threaded connection with one end of the corresponding sliding block 212, which is far away from the axis of the fixed ring 21. One end of the driving screw 41 far away from the corresponding sliding block 212 is rotatably connected with the fixed ring 21 through a bearing. One end of each driving screw 41 far away from the corresponding sliding block 212 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a connecting gear 411; the drive gear 42 and the connecting gear 411 are both bevel gears. The connecting gear 411 is meshed with the driving gear 42; the power assembly 43 is used for driving the driving gear 42 to rotate, so as to drive all the driving screws 41 to rotate, so as to drive all the sliding blocks 212 to synchronously move towards or away from the axial direction of the fixed ring 21.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the mounting block 22 is driven by the sliding block 212 to approach the axial direction of the fixing ring 21, the cleaning bristles 221 contact the spline broach 122 to clean the spline broach 122; when the mounting block 22 is driven by the sliding block 212 to move in the axial direction away from the fixing ring 21, a gap is formed between the cleaning bristles 221 and the spline broach 122, so that the possibility that debris attached to the cleaning bristles 221 can contaminate the spline broach 122 again is reduced.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the power assembly 43 includes a rotation shaft 431, a connection shaft 432, a rotation gear 433 coaxially keyed to the rotation shaft 431, a forward power gear 434 and a reverse power gear 435 coaxially connected to the connection shaft 432, and a mounting rod 436 connected to the sliding seat 12. The rotating shaft 431 and the connecting shaft 432 are parallel to each other and are both rotatably connected with the fixed ring 21 through a bearing; the rotating gear 433 is a bevel gear, the rotating gear 433 is meshed with the driving gear 42, and the rotating shaft 431 rotates to drive the driving gear 42 to rotate. The mounting lever 436 is located at a position on the side of the connecting shaft 432 away from the rotating shaft 431; one end of the mounting rod 436 is welded to the upper surface of the sliding seat 12, and the other end of the mounting rod 436 extends upward and is welded to the guide seat 13. A forward power rack 4361 and a reverse power rack 4362 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the installation rod 436 facing the direction of the connection shaft 432 through screws; the forward power rack 4361 is located at the upper end of the mounting bar 436 and the reverse power rack 4362 is located at the lower end of the mounting bar 436. During the up and down movement of the sliding seat 12, the forward power rack 4361 may be engaged with the forward power gear 434, and the reverse power rack 4362 may be engaged with the reverse power gear 435.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the forward power gear 434 and the reverse power gear 435 are connected to the connecting shaft 432 through one-way bearings (not shown), and the directions of free rotation of the two one-way bearings are opposite. In the process that the mounting rod 436 moves downwards, the reverse power rack 4362 is firstly meshed with the reverse power gear 435 to drive the connecting shaft 432 to rotate forwards; when the reverse power rack 4362 is engaged with the reverse power gear 435, the connecting shaft 432 stops rotating. After the mounting rod 436 continues to move downward a certain distance, the forward power rack 4361 engages with the forward power gear 434, the forward power gear 434 freely rotates relative to the connecting shaft 432, and the connecting shaft 432 remains stationary. When the workpiece is machined and the spline broach 122 is reset upwards, the forward power rack 4361 is firstly meshed with the forward power gear 434 to drive the forward power gear 434 to rotate reversely, so as to drive the connecting shaft 432 to rotate reversely; when the forward power rack 4361 is disengaged from the forward power gear 434, the connecting shaft 432 stops rotating; when the mounting bar 436 moves upward until the reverse power rack 4362 engages the reverse power gear 435, the reverse power gear 435 is free to rotate relative to the connecting shaft 432, and the connecting shaft 432 remains stationary.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the connection shaft 432 is coaxially keyed with a first transmission gear 4321, and the rotation shaft 431 is coaxially keyed with a second transmission gear 4311; the second transmission gear 4311 is engaged with the first transmission gear 4321 to connect the connecting shaft 432 with the rotation shaft 431. When the connecting shaft 432 rotates forward, the rotating shaft 431 rotates backward to drive the driving gear 42 to rotate backward, so that the sliding block 212 drives the mounting block 22 to move toward the spline broach 122 to clean the spline broach 122; when the connecting shaft 432 rotates reversely, the rotating shaft 431 rotates forward to drive the driving gear 42 to rotate forward, so that the sliding block 212 drives the mounting block 22 to move away from the spline broach 122, so that the spline broach 122 is reset upwards. The number of teeth of the first transmission gear 4321 is greater than that of the second transmission gear 4311, which is beneficial to reducing the idle stroke of the spline broach 122, so as to improve the processing efficiency.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the distance between the forward power rack 4361 and the reverse power rack 4362 is positively correlated to the length of the cutting edge of the spline broach 122; the positions of the forward power rack 4361 and the reverse power rack 4362 are related to the length of the polished rod portion of the spline broach 122. In this embodiment, the positions of the mounting rod 436 at the forward direction power rack 4361 and the direction power rack are provided with a plurality of threaded holes 4363, and all the threaded holes 4363 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting rod 436, so that an operator can adjust the positions of the forward direction power rack 4361 and the reverse direction power rack 4362 up and down according to the model of the spline broach 122, thereby improving the applicability of the device.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the flushing assembly 3 comprises a driving pump 31, a flushing ring pipe 32 and a receiving disc 33, wherein the receiving disc 33 is integrally arranged with the frame 1, and flushing liquid is contained in the receiving disc 33; in this embodiment, the rinse liquid is a coolant. The washing collar 32 is bent in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring 21 so that the spline broach 122 is inserted through the washing collar 32, and the washing collar 32 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the fixing ring 21. The side wall of the flushing collar 32 facing the center direction is perforated with a plurality of flushing holes 321, and the plurality of flushing holes 321 are sequentially perforated along the circumferential direction of the flushing collar 32. The drive pump 31 is a dedicated machining coolant pump. The driving pump 31 is fixed with the frame 1 through screws, and the input end of the driving pump 31 extends into the bearing disc 33; the output of the drive pump 31 is connected to the flush collar 32 via a conduit 311 to feed flushing liquid to the flush collar 32 and to spray the flushing liquid from the flush holes 321 towards the spline broach 122 to flush the spline broach 122.

The implementation principle of the high-precision machining equipment for the internal spline in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

when the machining tool is used, an operator firstly fixes a workpiece to be machined on the upper surface of the workbench 11 and aligns an inner hole of the workpiece with the abdicating hole 111; then, the operator makes the inner hole of the workpiece at the lower end of the spline broach 122 penetrate downwards; then, the operator inserts the upper end of the spline broach 122 into the positioning sleeve 131, and fixedly connects the lower end of the spline broach 122 with the sliding seat 12; finally the operator activates the driving member 15. The driving member 15 drives the sliding seat 12 to move downwards to drive the spline broach 122 to move downwards, so that the cutting edge of the spline broach 122 cuts the inner side wall of the workpiece, thereby realizing the machining operation of the inner spline of the workpiece.

The sweeping assembly 2 can sweep the spline broach 122; the flushing assembly 3 can flush the spline broach 122, so that cutting chips attached to the spline broach 122 are reduced, the possibility that the cutting chips scratch a workpiece is reduced, and the machining precision of the internal spline is improved.

The embodiment also discloses an internal spline machining method, which comprises the following machining procedures:

s01, inner hole machining: an operator firstly carries out finish machining on the inner hole of the workpiece through a lathe or a milling machine so as to enable the inner hole of the workpiece to meet the requirement of a design size;

s02, chamfering an inner hole: chamfering two ends of the inner hole of the workpiece after finish machining through a lathe or a milling machine to remove burrs and facilitate broaching of the spline broach;

s03, processing the internal spline: an operator fixedly installs the chamfered workpiece on a workbench of high-precision machining equipment for the internal spline, and then starts the equipment to machine the internal spline on the workpiece;

s04, quenching: the internal spline of the workpiece is subjected to local heating treatment through high-frequency quenching equipment, and then the heated internal spline is rapidly cooled through quenching liquid so as to enhance the strength of the internal spline. The quenching liquid can be water or mineral oil; in this example, the quenching liquid is mineral oil dedicated to quenching.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.