阅读说明：本技术 一种仿生叠层结构的防弹背板及其制备方法 (Bulletproof back plate with bionic laminated structure and preparation method thereof ) 是由 郭峰 李忠盛 吴护林 黄安畏 丛大龙 程时雨 孙彩云 吴永鹏 聂嘉兴 贺斌 于 2021-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种仿生叠层结构的防弹背板,由碳纤维层和聚乙烯纤维层组成,具体是在单层碳纤维层下叠加n层聚乙烯纤维层形成模块,n为10～30,相邻两层聚乙烯纤维层之间的纤维丝方向呈x°分布,x≠0,将多个所述模块再进行叠加复合,相邻模块中的碳纤维层的纤维丝方向呈90°分布,叠加的模块数不少于3个。本发明制备的仿生底层结构的防弹背板面具有高防护性能,抗弯强度>90MPa,邵氏硬度值为>80ShoreD、冲击韧性>20kN,力学性能优异,面密度为3.25kg/m～(2)时,其V50达到604m/s,具有优异的防弹性能,同时具有较高的轻量化水平,在单兵防护和防护小口径装甲等领域具有极大优势。(The utility model provides a bionical stromatolite structure's shellproof backplate comprises carbon fiber layer and polyethylene fiber layer, specifically is that superpose n layer polyethylene fiber layer under individual layer carbon fiber layer and form the module, and n is 10~30, and the cellosilk direction between the adjacent two-layer polyethylene fiber layer is x and distributes, and x ≠ 0, will be a plurality of the module superposes compound again, and the cellosilk direction on the carbon fiber layer in the adjacent module is 90 and distributes, and 3 are no less than to superimposed module number. The bulletproof back plate surface of the bionic bottom layer structure prepared by the invention has high protection performance and bending strength>90MPa and Shore hardness value of>80Shore D, impact toughness>20kN, excellent mechanical property and 3.25kg/m of areal density 2 And in the process, the V50 reaches 604m/s, the bulletproof material has excellent bulletproof performance and higher lightweight level, and has great advantages in the fields of individual protection, small-caliber armor protection and the like.)

1. A bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure is characterized in that: the backplate comprises carbon fiber layer and polyethylene fiber layer, specifically is that superpose n layer polyethylene fiber layer under individual layer carbon fiber layer and form the module, and n is 10~30, and the cellosilk direction between the adjacent two-layer polyethylene fiber layer is x and distributes, and x ≠ 0, will be a plurality of the module is superpose again compound, and the cellosilk direction on the carbon fiber layer in the adjacent module is 90 and distributes, and 3 are no less than to superimposed module number.

2. A ballistic resistant back sheet of biomimetic laminate structure as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the overlapped and compounded modules, the carbon fiber of the adjacent module is at least one of T600 carbon fiber, T700 carbon fiber and T800 carbon fiber.

3. A ballistic resistant back sheet of biomimetic laminate structure as recited in claim 2, wherein: any two of T600, T700 and T800 carbon fibers are selected from adjacent modules.

4. A ballistic resistant back sheet of biomimetic laminate structure as recited in claim 3, wherein: the carbon fiber layer is prepared by performing prepreg treatment on carbon fibers through phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane, and the polyethylene fiber layer is prepared by performing prepreg treatment on polyethylene fibers through phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane.

5. A method for preparing a ballistic resistant back sheet of a biomimetic laminated structure according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of impregnating carbon fibers with mixed resin 1 consisting of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane to form a carbon fiber layer, impregnating high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibers with mixed resin 2 consisting of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane to form a polyethylene fiber layer, forming modules with 1 carbon fiber layer and n polyethylene fiber layers, superposing more than 3 modules to form a composite laying structure, then performing warm-pressing compounding, specifically, performing heat preservation at 90 ℃ for 5-15 min, then heating to 110 ℃ for heat preservation for 30-60 min, then naturally cooling, stabilizing the pressure at 11-15 MPa, and continuing until the cooling is finished.

6. The method for preparing a bulletproof back sheet of a bionic lamination structure according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature and pressure compounding is that the temperature is increased to 90 ℃ at the temperature increasing rate of 1-2 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 5-15 min, then the temperature is increased to 110 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-1 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-60 min, then the temperature is naturally cooled, when the temperature is increased for 50-60 min, the pressure is increased to 11-15 MPa at the speed of 0.1-0.5 MPa/min, and the temperature is continuously cooled.

7. The method for preparing a bulletproof back sheet of a bionic lamination structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bionic lamination structure comprises the following steps: in the mixed resin 1, phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.5-1: 5-6: 1.5-2, and diluted to the mass percentage concentration range of 80-90% by using acetone.

8. The method for preparing a bulletproof back sheet of a biomimetic laminated structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the mixed resin 2, phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 6-8, and are diluted to the mass percentage concentration range of 85-95% by using acetone.

9. The preparation method of the bulletproof back plate with the bionic laminated structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preparing a carbon fiber layer:

s1.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to a mass ratio of 0.5-1: 5-6: 1.5-2, adding acetone, stirring at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min, and diluting into a mixed resin 1 with a mass percentage concentration range of 80-90% for later use;

s1.2, impregnating the carbon fibers with the mixed resin 1 prepared in S1.1 at the impregnation temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 5-10 min, drying at 45-50 ℃ for 4-6 min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 5-10% by using an extrusion roller to form a carbon fiber layer, wherein the carbon fibers are at least one of T600, T700 and T800;

s2 preparation of polyethylene fiber layer

S2.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 6-8, adding acetone, stirring at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min, and diluting into mixed resin 2 with the mass percentage concentration range of 85-95% for later use;

s2.2, impregnating the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with the mixed resin 2 prepared in the step S2.1 at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 5-10 min, drying at the temperature of 45-50 ℃ for 4-6 min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 2-5% by using an extrusion roller to form an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layer;

s3 preparation of bionic laminated composite structure

S3.1 according to actual requirements, the composite laying layer structure is formed by sequentially arranging 1 carbon fiber layer and n from top to bottom₁A module 1 formed by laminating ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers, and then laminating 1 carbon fiber layer and n₂The module 2 formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers is continuously superposed by 1 carbon fiber layer and n₃The module 3 formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers is continuously superposed to the module formed by 1 carbon fiber layer and n_mModule m, wherein n₁、n₂、n₃Taking the number of m is more than or equal to 3 and is a positive integer between 10 and 30;

s3.2, performing temperature-pressure compounding on the paved composite layer structure, heating to 90 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min in the compounding process, preserving heat for 5-15 min, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60 min, then naturally cooling, when heating is performed for 50-60 min, heating to 11-15 MPa at the speed of 0.1-0.50 MPa/min, and continuing until cooling is finished.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof materials, in particular to a bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Some marine organisms have tough biological defense shells, and the biological structure is mainly composed of collagen nanofibers and inorganic salt crystals, such as shrimp and crab shells, fish scales and the like, and is characterized in that the outer layer is a hard impact-resistant layer of high-degree crystal crystals which are arranged in an oriented mode, a spiral nano collagen fiber weftless structure is arranged below the impact layer, and the structure is called as a brined structure. The principle of energy absorption by the root structure of brines can be explained as: the energy of impact is homogenized by the crystalline shell, and the kinetic energy is continuously consumed by the soft fiber structure into the mutual motion of fiber and the mutual motion of layer-to-layer friction; most importantly, the spiral fiber has mechanical anisotropy, and can easily consume the kinetic energy of impact.

The prior bulletproof structure adopts a ceramic/PE plate, a ceramic/aramid plate or a ceramic/metal and the like, wherein the ceramic/PE plate and the ceramic/aramid plate are mainly used for protecting medium and small caliber bullets, and the performance of domestic PE and aramid can not meet the prior protection requirement. Under the condition that the material performance is difficult to break through, the design of a novel laminated bulletproof structure with higher protection capability by using materials with limited performance is an effective way for solving the problem. Patent CN 108372692A discloses a multi-element composite toughening type bionic structure armor and a preparation method thereof, which researches the structure of a turtle shell and carries out bionic manufacturing on the turtle shell, but the structure adopts high-purity titanium, aluminum, titanium alloy and the like, the weight of the armor is increased, and the requirement of equipment on light weight cannot be met; in addition, the manufacturing process is complex, which increases the manufacturing cost and affects the practical use; finally, the protective properties of the structure were not verified. Patent CN 111678382A discloses a lightweight impact-resistant bionic bulletproof plugboard, which uses the head structure of a woodpecker as a bionic prototype, but the woodpecker pecks a relatively soft tree with a hard skull, and the bulletproof plugboard is to protect against a relatively hard bullet, the difference of the essential principle is not suitable for the bionic in the bulletproof field, and secondly, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber blocks the impact of a bullet through its ultra-high breaking elongation, if a hole is formed on the fiberboard, this will greatly weaken the bulletproof performance of the fiberboard itself, and there is a great limitation in the practical application. Therefore, the existing preparation of the bionic laminated bulletproof structure faces the difficult problems of poor bulletproof performance and low lightweight level of the structure, and the application range of the structure is limited, namely, the bulletproof performance and the lightweight level of the structure cannot be simultaneously ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a bulletproof back plate with a bionic lamination structure, which solves the problem of insufficient protection performance of the existing domestic materials, ensures excellent bulletproof performance, and has a high lightweight level.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the bulletproof back plate with the bionic laminated structure.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure is characterized in that: the backplate comprises carbon fiber layer and polyethylene fiber layer, specifically is that superpose n layer polyethylene fiber layer under individual layer carbon fiber layer and form the module, and n is 10~30, and the cellosilk direction between the adjacent two-layer polyethylene fiber layer is x and distributes, and x ≠ 0, will be a plurality of the module is superpose again compound, and the cellosilk direction on the carbon fiber layer in the adjacent module is 90 and distributes, and 3 are no less than to superimposed module number.

Further, the carbon fiber in the overlapped module is at least one of T600 carbon fiber, T700 carbon fiber and T800 carbon fiber in sequence.

Preferably, any two of T600, T700 and T800 carbon fibers are selected from adjacent modules.

T600, T700, and T800 are carbon fiber materials having successively higher strengths.

Preferably, the carbon fibers in the bulletproof back plate are sequentially circulated from top to bottom by T800 carbon fibers, T700 carbon fibers and T600 carbon fibers, and the number of layers of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers in the modules from top to bottom increases gradually.

Further, the carbon fiber layer is prepared by performing prepreg treatment on carbon fibers through phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane, and the polyethylene fiber layer is prepared by performing prepreg treatment on polyethylene fibers through phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane.

The preparation method of the bulletproof back plate with the bionic laminated structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of impregnating carbon fibers with mixed resin 1 consisting of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane to form a carbon fiber layer, impregnating high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibers with mixed resin 2 consisting of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane to form a polyethylene fiber layer, forming modules with 1 carbon fiber layer and n polyethylene fiber layers, superposing more than 3 modules to form a composite laying structure, then performing warm-pressing compounding, specifically, performing heat preservation at 90 ℃ for 5-15 min, then heating to 110 ℃ for heat preservation for 30-60 min, then naturally cooling, stabilizing the pressure at 11-15 MPa, and continuing until the cooling is finished.

It is known in the art that the higher the areal density of a ballistic resistant material, the better the ballistic resistance performance, but that an increase in areal density leads to a lower level of weight reduction of the material, when other conditions are unchanged. According to the invention, carbon fibers are used as hard materials, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are used as soft materials, a specific lamination module is combined, a specific composite process is combined, impact force between modules is transmitted in a stepped manner through relative movement between layers, stepped uniform dispersion of impact force is realized, and the bulletproof material has excellent bulletproof performance even with low surface density.

Further, the temperature and pressure compounding is carried out by raising the temperature to 90 ℃ at a rate of 1-2 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 5-15 min, then raising the temperature to 110 ℃ at a rate of 0.5-1 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 30-60 min, then carrying out natural cooling, raising the pressure to 11-15 MPa at a rate of 0.1-0.5 MPa/min when the temperature is raised for 50-60 min, and continuing until the cooling is finished.

Preferably, the temperature and pressure compounding is carried out by heating to 90 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 10min, then heating to 110 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 40min, then carrying out natural cooling, starting to increase the pressure to 12MPa at a heating rate of 0.4MPa/min when the temperature is increased for 50-60 min, and continuing until the cooling is finished.

Further, in the mixed resin 1, the phenolic resin, the epoxy resin and the polyurethane are mixed according to a mass ratio of 0.5-1: 5-6: 1.5-2, and diluted with acetone to a mass percentage concentration range of 80-90%.

Further, in the mixed resin 2, phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 6-8, and diluted to the mass percentage concentration range of 85% -95% by using acetone.

The preparation method of the bulletproof back plate with the bionic laminated structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preparing a carbon fiber layer:

s1.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to a mass ratio of 0.5-1: 5-6: 1.5-2, adding acetone, stirring at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min, and diluting into a mixed resin 1 with a mass percentage concentration range of 80-90% for later use;

s1.2, impregnating the carbon fibers with the mixed resin 1 prepared in the S1.1 at the impregnation temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 5-10 min, drying at the temperature of 45-50 ℃ for 4-6 min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 5-10% by using an extrusion roller;

s2 preparation of polyethylene fiber layer

S2.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 6-8, adding acetone, stirring at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min, and diluting into mixed resin 2 with the mass percentage concentration range of 85% -95% for later use;

s2.2, impregnating the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers by adopting the mixed resin 2 prepared in the step S2.1 at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 5-10 min, drying at the temperature of 45-50 ℃ for 4-6 min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 2-5% by adopting an extrusion roller;

s3 preparation of bionic laminated composite structure

S3.1 according to actual requirements, the composite laying layer structure is formed by sequentially arranging 1 carbon fiber layer and n from top to bottom₁A module 1 formed by laminating ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers, and then laminating 1 carbon fiber layer and n₂The module 2 formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers is continuously superposed by 1 carbon fiber layer and n₃The module 3 formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers is continuously superposed to the module formed by 1 carbon fiber layer and n_mModule m, wherein n₁、n₂、n₃Taking the number of m is more than or equal to 3 and is a positive integer between 10 and 30;

s3.2, performing temperature-pressure compounding on the paved composite layer structure, heating to 90 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min in the compounding process, preserving heat for 5-15 min, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60 min, then naturally cooling, when heating is performed for 50-60 min, heating to 11-15 MPa at the speed of 0.1-0.50 MPa/min, and continuing until cooling is finished.

The invention has the following technical effects:

the bulletproof back plate surface of the bionic bottom layer structure prepared by the invention has high protection performance and bending strength>90MPa and Shore hardness value of>80Shore D, impact toughness>20kN, excellent mechanical property and 3.25kg/m of areal density²In the process, V50 reaches 604m/s, the bulletproof material has excellent bulletproof performance, makes up for short plates with insufficient performance of domestic bulletproof materials, has higher lightweight level, and has great advantages in the fields of individual protection, small-caliber armor protection and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the bionic laminated bulletproof back plate prepared by the invention has a schematic structure.

FIG. 2: schematic representation of the lay-up of carbon fiber layers in adjacent modules.

FIG. 3: schematic of the lay-up of polyethylene fiber layers.

FIG. 4: temperature-pressure curve diagram of the compounding process of embodiment 1 of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.

Example 1

A preparation method of a bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing carbon fiber prepreg:

s1.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, adding acetone, stirring at 120rpm for 12min, and diluting to 88% of mixed resin 1 for later use;

s1.2, impregnating the carbon fibers with the mixed resin 1 prepared in the S1.1 at the impregnation temperature of 98 ℃ for 6min, drying at 48 ℃ for 5min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 5% by using an extrusion roller;

s2 preparation of polyethylene fiber prepreg

S2.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to the mass ratio of 1:1:8, adding acetone, stirring for 12min at 120rpm, and diluting to 92% of mixed resin 2 for later use;

s2.2, adopting the mixed resin 2 prepared in the step S2.1 to impregnate the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber at 82 ℃ for 6min, drying at 48 ℃ for 5min after impregnation, and adopting an extrusion roller to control the mass ratio of the resin content to be 2%;

s3 preparation of bionic laminated composite structure

S3.1, the composite laying structure is a module 1 formed by sequentially arranging 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth from top to bottom, a module 2 formed by 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 11 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, and a module 3 formed by 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 15 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the fiber yarn directions of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth in the adjacent modules are 90 degrees, and the fiber yarn directions of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in the adjacent layers are not 0 degree;

s3.2, performing temperature-pressure compounding on the paved composite layer structure, heating to 90 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min in the compounding process, preserving the heat for 10min, then heating to 110 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 40min, then naturally cooling, when the temperature is increased for 55min, increasing the pressure to 12MPa at the heating rate of 0.4MPa/min, and continuing until the cooling is finished, specifically performing the temperature-pressure compounding according to the composite temperature-pressure curve shown in FIG. 4.

After cooling, the well-pressed bulletproof back plate with the bionic laminated structure is taken out and subjected to bulletproof performance test, and the bending strength of the back plate with the bionic laminated structure prepared in the embodiment is greater than 90MPa, the shore hardness value is greater than 80shore d, and the impact toughness is greater than 20 kN. Wherein the V50 value was tested according to GB/T32497-2016.

Example 2

Different from the embodiment 1, in the preparation process of the bionic laminated composite structure of the embodiment, the arranged layering sequence is as follows from top to bottom: 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 12 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 12 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 12 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth; and in the laying process, the fiber yarn direction of each adjacent carbon fiber layer is ensured to be distributed at 90 degrees, and the direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber yarn of each adjacent layer is randomly distributed at x degrees (x is not equal to 0). The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

Example 3

Different from the embodiment 1, in the preparation process of the bionic laminated composite structure of the embodiment, the arranged layering sequence is as follows from top to bottom: 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 11 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 15 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth; and in the laying process, the fiber yarn direction of each adjacent carbon fiber layer is ensured to be distributed at 90 degrees, and the direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber yarn of each adjacent layer is randomly distributed at x degrees (x is not equal to 0). The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

Example 4

Different from the embodiment 1, in the preparation process of the bionic laminated composite structure of the embodiment, the arranged layering sequence is as follows from top to bottom: 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 20 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 30 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth; and in the laying process, the fiber yarn direction of each adjacent carbon fiber layer is ensured to be distributed at 90 degrees, and the direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber yarn of each adjacent layer is randomly distributed at x degrees (x is not equal to 0). The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

Example 5

Different from the embodiment 1, the mixing ratio of the phenolic resin, the epoxy resin and the polyurethane in the preparation of the T600, T700 and T800 carbon fiber prepreg is as follows: 1:6:1. The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

Example 6

Different from the embodiment 1, the mixing ratio of the phenolic resin, the epoxy resin and the polyurethane in the preparation of the high molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg is as follows: 1:2:7. The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

The test data after the performance test are shown in table 1.

Test items

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Thickness of

3.14mm

3.11mm

3.41mm

3.75mm

3.20mm

3.17mm

Areal density

3.25kg/m2

3.19kg/m2

3.34kg/m2

3.96kg/m2

3.21kg/m2

3.18kg/m2

V50

604m/s

599m/s

568m/s

651m/s

575m/s

593m/s

It can be seen from the above data that, in examples 1, 2 and 4, the carbon fibers with different strengths are used in combination with the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with different layers to form gradient changes in the structure, so that the bullet impact energy is uniformly dispersed in a buffering manner, the ballistic resistance of the bullet impact energy is effectively improved, and the bullet impact energy can be ensured to have an excellent light weight level, in example 3, because the adjacent carbon fibers use the same strength specification, the impact energy is slightly poor in buffering and dispersing effects, and although the areal density is increased, the V50 is not increased, but is decreased. From examples 5 and 6 it can be seen that the areal density is reduced, but can be slightly reduced for V50, due to the slight variation in the thickness of the final impregnated fibre layer resulting from the variation in the proportion of impregnating resin blend.

Example 7

Different from the embodiment 1, in the preparation process of the bionic laminated composite structure of the embodiment, the arranged layering sequence is as follows from top to bottom: 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 11 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 12 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 13 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 14 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 15 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth, 16 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 17 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, and in the laying process, the fiber yarn direction of each adjacent carbon fiber layer is ensured to be distributed at 90 degrees, and the direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber yarn of each adjacent layer is randomly distributed at x degrees (x is not equal to 0). The rest of the preparation process is the same as in example 1.

The bionic laminated structure back plate prepared by the embodiment has the bending strength of more than 90MPa, the Shore hardness value of more than 80Shore D and the impact toughness of more than 20 kN.

Comparative example 1

In contrast to example 7, the carbon fiber material was replaced by aramid and the remaining steps were unchanged.

Comparative example 2

Different from the embodiment 7, the temperature is directly increased to 110 ℃ in the material compounding process, the temperature is kept for 60min, meanwhile, the pressure of 12MPa is directly applied in the temperature increasing process, and the pressure is continued until the compounding is finished.

The bionic laminated structure bulletproof back panel prepared in example 7, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 is subjected to a V50 performance test, and is respectively compounded with boron carbide ceramic with the thickness of 9.5mm, and a 53-type 7.62mm bullet impact test is carried out, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2:

according to different practical application conditions, the bulletproof performance can be improved by overlapping 1 layer of carbon fiber prepreg cloth and n layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth modules.

From the test results of example 7 and comparative examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the bulletproof back panel of the bionic lamination structure prepared by specifically laminating the hard carbon fibers and the soft ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers under the special temperature and pressure combined composite process has excellent bulletproof performance and excellent lightweight level, and the bulletproof material with excellent bulletproof performance cannot be obtained and the lightweight level is low by combining the process of the invention and replacing the carbon fibers with other hard materials.

Example 8

A preparation method of a bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing carbon fiber prepreg:

s1.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to a mass ratio of 1:5:1.5, adding acetone, stirring at 100rpm for 10min, and diluting to 80% of mixed resin 1 for later use;

s1.2, impregnating the carbon fibers with the mixed resin 1 prepared in the S1.1 at the impregnation temperature of 95 ℃ for 10min, drying the impregnated carbon fibers at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 6min, and controlling the mass percentage of the resin content to be 10% by using an extrusion roller;

s2 preparation of polyethylene fiber prepreg

S2.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to the mass ratio of 1:1:7, adding acetone, stirring for 15min at 100rpm, and diluting to 85% of mixed resin 2 for later use;

s2.2, adopting the mixed resin 2 prepared in the step S2.1 to impregnate the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 10min, drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 6min after impregnation, and adopting an extrusion roller to control the mass percentage of the resin content to be 5%;

s3 preparation of bionic laminated composite structure

S3.1, the composite laying structure is a module 1 formed by sequentially arranging 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth from top to bottom, a module 2 formed by 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 11 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, and a module 3 formed by 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 15 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the fiber yarn directions of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth in the adjacent modules are 90 degrees, and the fiber yarn directions of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in the adjacent layers are not 0 degree;

s3.2, performing warm-pressing compounding on the paved composite layer structure, heating to 90 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min in the compounding process, preserving the heat for 10min, then heating to 110 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 40min, then naturally cooling, when the temperature is increased for 55min, increasing the pressure to 11MPa at the heating rate of 0.1MPa/min, and continuing until the cooling is finished.

Example 9

A preparation method of a bulletproof back plate with a bionic laminated structure comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing carbon fiber prepreg:

s1.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to a mass ratio of 0.5:6:5, adding acetone, stirring at 150rpm for 15min, and diluting to 80% of mixed resin 1 for later use;

s1.2, impregnating the carbon fibers with the mixed resin 1 prepared in the S1.1 at the impregnation temperature of 100 ℃ for 5min, drying at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 4min after impregnation, and controlling the mass ratio of the resin content to be 6% by using an extrusion roller;

s2 preparation of polyethylene fiber prepreg

S2.1, mixing phenolic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3, adding acetone, stirring for 10min at 150rpm, and diluting to obtain mixed resin 2 with the mass percentage concentration of 95% for later use;

s2.2, adopting the mixed resin 2 prepared in the step S2.1 to impregnate the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 5min, drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 6min after impregnation, and adopting an extrusion roller to control the mass percentage of the resin content to be 3%;

s3 preparation of bionic laminated composite structure

S3.1, the composite laying structure is a module 1 formed by sequentially arranging 1 layer of T800 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 10 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth from top to bottom, a module 2 formed by 1 layer of T700 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 11 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, and a module 3 formed by 1 layer of T600 carbon fiber prepreg cloth and 15 layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg cloth, wherein the fiber yarn directions of the carbon fiber prepreg cloth in the adjacent modules are 90 degrees, and the fiber yarn directions of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in the adjacent layers are not 0 degree;

s3.2, performing warm-pressing compounding on the paved composite layer structure, heating to 90 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min in the compounding process, preserving the heat for 10min, then heating to 110 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 40min, then naturally cooling, when heating for 60min, increasing the pressure to 15MPa at the heating rate of 0.5MPa/min, and continuing until the cooling is finished.