阅读说明：本技术 一种用于高效精密超声磨削加工扬矿管螺纹的装置及其使用方法 (Device for efficient and precise ultrasonic grinding machining of ore-raising pipe threads and using method thereof ) 是由 刘安民 刘伟 陈雪林 于 2021-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于高效精密超声磨削加工扬矿管螺纹的装置及其使用方法,本发明主要由特殊结构超声振动变幅杆,压电激励器,超声电源,特殊结构的支撑件,特殊结构的砂轮,驱动装置,阻尼器,垫片组成。本发明能够实现精密加工成深海扬矿管的螺纹表面的高性能形貌,提高扬矿管螺纹的连接性能。(The invention discloses a device for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of a screw thread of a lifting pipe and a using method thereof. The invention can realize the high-performance appearance of the thread surface of the deep-sea ore-lifting pipe which is precisely processed, and improve the connection performance of the screw thread of the ore-lifting pipe.)

1. The device for efficiently and precisely grinding the screw thread of the ore-lifting pipe is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic amplitude transformer (6), wherein two sides of the bottom end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (6) are protruded outwards to form a connecting part; the connecting part is connected with a machine tool workbench (4) through a first connecting piece (7), and piezoelectric actuators (5) are mounted on the connecting part; the cylinder strutting arrangement (3) of fixing on lathe workstation (4) is installed to supersound amplitude transformer (6) periphery, cylinder strutting arrangement (3) are connected with special strutting arrangement (8), the top fixed connection of special strutting arrangement (8) and supersound amplitude transformer (6), special strutting arrangement (8) are connected with high-speed motor (9), high-speed motor (9) are connected with eccentric disc (12) through transmission shaft (11), eccentric shaft spare (14) are installed to the eccentric department of eccentric disc (12), eccentric shaft spare (14) are connected with emery wheel (13).

2. The apparatus for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the thread of the ore lifting pipe according to claim 1, wherein the first connecting member (7) comprises a connecting member main body (71), the connecting member main body (71) has a T-shape, and a through hole (72) of a regular octagon is formed at the middle part thereof, and the connecting member is of a regular octagon and inserted into the through hole (72); a first gasket (73) is arranged between the connecting piece main body (71) and the machine tool workbench (4), and the connecting piece main body (71) is connected with the machine tool workbench (4) through a first bolt (74); a second washer (75) is arranged between the connecting piece main body (71) and the first bolt (74); a third gasket (76) is arranged between the connecting part and the through hole (72).

3. The device for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the screw thread of the ore-lifting pipe according to claim 1, wherein the outer side surface of the special supporting device (8) is octahedral, and the inner side is hexahedral; the inner side surface of the special supporting device (8) is connected with a high-speed motor (9) through a second connecting piece (10).

4. The apparatus for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the threads of the Yankee tube according to claim 3, wherein the second connecting member (10) is a high manganese steel washer, and composite washers formed by compounding glass fiber and rubber are installed on the inner and outer sides of the high manganese steel washer.

5. The apparatus for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the threads of the winnowing pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the special supporting means (8) is connected with the eccentric disc (12) by a third connecting piece (15) in a shaft connection; the outer side of the third connecting piece (15) is connected with the special supporting device (8) through a bolt clamping groove, and the inner side of the third connecting piece is connected with the eccentric disc (12) through a bearing in a shaft mode.

6. The apparatus for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the thread of the ore-lifting pipe according to claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic horn (6) comprises a cylindrical main body (64), the top end of the cylindrical main body (64) is connected with a cylindrical output section (62) through an amplitude expanding section (63), and the top end of the output section (62) forms an amplitude output end (61); the amplitude expanding section (63) is tapered along the top end direction, and the axial section of the amplitude expanding section is in a Gaussian curve shape; the diameter of the amplitude output end (61) is D, and the length of the output section (62) is 0.25-0.3D; the amplitude output end (61) and the output section (62) are in transition through an arc, and the radius of the arc is 0.2 mm; the length of the amplitude output end (61) is the diameter of the end part of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer; the cylindrical body (64) has a length of 2-3D and a diameter D1 of 1.2-1.5D; the cylindrical main body (64) and the amplitude expanding section (63) are in arc transition, the radius of the arc is 0.3-0.4mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical main body (64) is larger than that of the amplitude expanding section (63); the connecting part comprises a connecting section (66) at the end part, and an annular groove (67) for mounting the piezoelectric actuator (5) is formed in the inner side of the connecting section (66); the connecting section (66) is 0.2-0.4D, and the length of the circular ring-shaped groove (67) from the cylindrical main body (64) is 0.3-0.4 times that of the amplitude output end (61).

7. The apparatus for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the threads of the Yankee tube according to claim 1, wherein the eccentric axis of the eccentric shaft member (14) is spaced from the center of the eccentric disc (12) by a distance L; l ═ h_max-fz; wherein h is_maxThe maximum grinding depth; fz is the feed amount.

8. The use method of the device for efficiently and precisely grinding the threads of the ore-raising pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

firstly, starting an ultrasonic device and a high-speed motor, setting an initial position A (0, 0, 0), gradually enabling a grinding wheel (13) to be close to the bottom of a rough-machined thread at a feeding speed preset in the radial and vertical directions, and recording the position A1(x1, y1, z1) when grinding occurs;

step two, then the grinding wheel is moved forward in a feed manner until the grinding wheel flank is in contact with the thread flank, position A2(x2, y2, z2) is recorded, the grinding wheel is moved backward (the feed movement until the grinding wheel flank is in contact with the thread flank, position A3(x3, y3, z3) is recorded);

step three, the rotating motion speed of the bed clamping ore-raising pipe is N, and the axial feeding amount is f during the precise and efficient grinding processing_dThe diameter of the grinding wheel is d, and the grinding speed is v; v is 2 pi nd, n is the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, and the axial feed f of the thread is efficiently and precisely machined_dParameter f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) (ii) a After the parameters are determined, formal processing is started; wherein phi is₂For ideal tangential angle of thread point to be finished₁The tangential angle of the thread point after rough machining; r1 is the radius of the thread section of the poplar wide pipe;

step four, tool setting and ultrasonic device startingMachining left-side threads, moving a grinding wheel to the position A2, enabling the machine tool to clamp the ore-raising pipe to rotate at the speed N, and enabling the axial feed amount f_dParameter f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) Determining the rotating speed according to the criteria of no grinding burn and no obvious vibration, wherein the rotating speed is obtained through test;

step five, processing right-side threads, moving the grinding wheel to the position A3, enabling the machine tool to clamp the ore-raising pipe to rotate at the speed N, and enabling the axial feed amount f_dComprises the following steps: f. of_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) The rotating speed n is determined according to the criteria that grinding burn does not occur and no obvious vibration exists.

9. The use method of the device for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of the threads of the ore-raising pipes according to claim 8, wherein the preset feed speed is 1 mm/min; n is obtained by the following method: determination of the critical grinding speed v by tests_cAnd the solved n is as follows:

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and particularly relates to a device for efficiently and precisely grinding and processing a screw thread of a lifting pipe by ultrasonic.

Background

The pipe is an indispensable component of the deep sea mining system, wherein the connection performance of the pipe thread of the pipe is of great importance in the reliability and the use cost of the deep sea mining system. The performance of threaded connection is closely related to the surface appearance and precision of the threaded connection. In order to meet the requirement of high connection performance under high-pressure high-frequency impact in deep sea working conditions, the connection external thread generally adopts a variable groove width and deep thread structure, and the geometric structure is complex. Grinding is used as an existing common finish machining process, and the machining efficiency and the surface appearance precision of the grinding are difficult to meet the requirements of deep-sea ore-lifting threads. The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing can reduce cutting force and heat in the cutting process and improve the removal efficiency of the cutting processing material.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a device for efficiently and precisely grinding and processing the screw thread of a lifting pipe by ultrasonic. The ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer mainly comprises an ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer with a special structure, a piezoelectric exciter, an ultrasonic power supply, a support piece with a special structure, a grinding wheel with a special structure, a driving device, a damper and a gasket. The invention can realize the high-performance appearance of the thread surface of the deep-sea ore-lifting pipe precisely created and improve the connection performance of the screw thread of the ore-lifting pipe.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a device for high-efficiency precise ultrasonic grinding of a screw thread of a lifting pipe comprises an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 6, wherein two sides of the bottom end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 6 are both protruded outwards to form a connecting part; the connecting parts are connected with a machine tool workbench 4 through a first connecting piece 7, and piezoelectric actuators 5 are mounted on the connecting parts; the cylinder strutting arrangement 3 of fixing on machine tool table 4 is installed to supersound amplitude transformer 6 periphery, and cylinder strutting arrangement 3 is connected with special strutting arrangement 8, and special strutting arrangement 8 and the top fixed connection of supersound amplitude transformer 6, special strutting arrangement 8 are connected with high-speed motor 9, and high-speed motor 9 is connected with eccentric disc 12 through transmission shaft 11, and eccentric shaft 14 is installed to the eccentric department of eccentric disc 12, and eccentric shaft 14 is connected with emery wheel 13.

In a further improvement, the first connecting piece 7 comprises a connecting piece main body 71, the connecting piece main body 71 is T-shaped, a through hole 72 with a regular octagon shape is formed in the middle of the connecting piece main body, and the connecting part is the regular octagon shape and is inserted into the through hole 72; a first washer 73 is arranged between the connector main body 71 and the machine tool workbench 4, and the connector main body 71 is connected with the machine tool workbench 4 through a first bolt 74; a second washer 75 is installed between the connector body 71 and the first bolt 74; a third washer 76 is mounted between the connecting portion and the through hole 72.

In a further improvement, the outer side surface of the special supporting device 8 is in an octahedron shape, and the inner side of the special supporting device 8 is in a hexahedron shape; the inner side surface of the special supporting device 8 is connected with a high-speed motor 9 through a second connecting piece 10.

In a further improvement, the second connecting member 10 is a high manganese steel washer, and composite washers formed by compounding glass fiber and rubber are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the high manganese steel washer.

In a further improvement, the special supporting device 8 is connected with the eccentric disc 12 in a shaft coupling mode through a third connecting piece 15; the outer side of the third connecting piece 15 is connected with the special supporting device 8 through a bolt clamping groove, and the inner side of the third connecting piece is connected with the eccentric disc 12 through a bearing in a shaft mode.

In a further improvement, the ultrasonic horn 6 comprises a cylindrical main body 64, the top end of the cylindrical main body 64 is connected with a cylindrical output section 62 through an amplitude expanding section 63, and the top end of the output section 62 forms an amplitude output end 6 l; the amplitude expanding section 63 is tapered along the top end direction, and the axial section of the amplitude expanding section is in a Gaussian curve shape; the diameter of the amplitude output end 61 is D, and the length of the output section 62 is 0.25-0.3D; the amplitude output end 61 and the output section 62 are in arc transition, and the radius of the arc is 0.2 mm; the length of the amplitude output end 61, i.e., the diameter of the ultrasonic horn end; the cylindrical body 64 has a length of 2-3D and a diameter D1 of 1.2-1.5D; the cylindrical main body 64 and the amplitude expansion section 63 are in arc transition, the radius of the arc is 0.3-0.4mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical main body 64 is larger than that of the amplitude expansion section 63; the connecting part comprises a connecting section 66 at the end part, and an annular groove 67 for mounting the piezoelectric actuator 5 is arranged on the inner side of the connecting section 66; the length of the annular groove 67 from the cylindrical body 64 to the connection section 660.2-0.4D is 0.3-0.4 times the length of the amplitude output end 61.

In a further improvement, the distance between the eccentric axis of the eccentric shaft element (14) and the center of the eccentric disc (12) is L; l ═ h_max-fz; wherein h is_maxThe maximum grinding depth; fz is the feed amount.

The use method of the device for efficiently and precisely grinding the threads of the ore-raising pipes comprises the following steps:

firstly, starting an ultrasonic device and a high-speed motor, setting an initial position A (0, 0, 0), gradually enabling a grinding wheel (13) to be close to the bottom of a rough-machined thread at a feeding speed preset in the radial and vertical directions, and recording the position A1(x1, y1, z1) when grinding occurs;

step two, then the grinding wheel is moved forward in a feed manner until the grinding wheel flank is in contact with the thread flank, position A2(x2, y2, z2) is recorded, the grinding wheel is moved backward (the feed movement until the grinding wheel flank is in contact with the thread flank, position A3(x3, y3, z3) is recorded);

step three, the rotating motion speed of the bed clamping ore-raising pipe is N, and the axial feeding amount is f during the precise and efficient grinding processing_dThe diameter of the grinding wheel is d, and the grinding speed is v; v is 2 pi nd, n is the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, and the axial feed f of the thread is efficiently and precisely machined_dParameter f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) (ii) a After the parameters are determined, formal processing is started; wherein phi is₂For ideal tangential angle of thread point to be finished₁The tangential angle of the thread point after rough machining; r1 is the radius of the thread section of the poplar wide pipe;

step four, tool setting, starting the ultrasonic device, processing left threads, moving the grinding wheel to the position A2, enabling the machine tool to clamp the ore-raising pipe, enabling the rotating speed to be N, and enabling the axial feed amount f_dParameter f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) Determining the rotating speed according to the criteria of no grinding burn and no obvious vibration, wherein the rotating speed is obtained through test;

step five, processing right-side threads, moving the grinding wheel to the position A3, enabling the machine tool to clamp the ore-raising pipe to rotate at the speed N, and enabling the axial feed amount f_dComprises the following steps: f. of_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) The rotating speed n is determined according to the criteria that grinding burn does not occur and no obvious vibration exists.

In a further improvement, the preset feeding speed is 1 mm/min; n is obtained by the following method: determination of the critical grinding speed v by tests_cAnd the solved n is as follows:

description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic abrasive machining apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic horn;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first connecting member;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a rough machining interface and a finish machining interface of the screw thread of the ore raising pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a poplar pipe joint, and the joint of the poplar pipe joint is provided with rough threads. The large-scale machine tool chuck is fixed on a machine tool workbench and clamped on the machine tool through the large-scale machine tool chuck, so that the rotary motion can be realized.

The supporting part 2 is connected with the supporting device 9 and the supporting device 3, the supporting part 2 is connected with the supporting devices 3 and 9 through clamping grooves, and the joint of the supporting part 2 and the supporting device 9 is a vibration mode node in the vibration of the device 9, so that the vibration is prevented from being transmitted to the supporting part 3. Reducing the energy dissipation efficiency. And the connecting clamping groove between the supporting piece 2 and the supporting device is provided with a gasket formed by compounding rubber and glass fiber, so that the wear-resistant lubricating vibration-reducing device has the functions of wear resistance, lubrication and vibration reduction. The support 2 is a cylinder, the inner part of the cylinder is an 8-edge hole, and the outer part of the cylinder is circular. The 8-sided shape can limit the rotation of the supporting device 8, and the external circular shape can maximize the contact area between the supporting device and the supporting device 3, so that the stability is improved.

3 is cylinder strutting arrangement, and its inside is the round hole, and the outside is six deformations such as waiting, and remaining strutting arrangement passes through draw-in groove and bolted connection. The rotational movement of the support means 3 is restricted.

And 4, a machine tool workbench which can move left and right up and down.

And 5, piezoelectric actuators which are connected with an ultrasonic power supply and used for exciting the ultrasonic amplitude transformer to generate ultrasonic vibration, wherein 2 ultrasonic amplitude transformers are arranged on the ultrasonic amplitude transformer.

An ultrasonic horn of a special construction is shown at 6 in figure 2, which will be described in detail later.

And 7, a first connecting piece with a special structure is used for fixing the ultrasonic amplitude transformer on a moving worktable of the machine tool through a washer and a bolt, and is shown in figure 3. Wherein the connecting position of the special structure connecting piece and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is the vibration mode node of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer.

The supporting device 8 is a concave supporting device with a special structure, wherein the outer side is 8-face-shaped, and the inner side is hexahedron-shaped. The supporting device with a special structure is fixedly connected with the top end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer.

And 9, a high-speed motor is used for driving the grinding wheel and the transmission device to rotate, the grinding wheel and the transmission device are tightly clamped with the bottom end of the supporting device 8 with a special structure through a supporting gasket and a connecting piece 10, and the supporting gasket and the connecting piece are isolated in vibration, so that the vibration transmitted to the high-speed motor is reduced.

And 10, a second connecting piece which is circular, the outer side of which is hexahedron and the inner side of which is arc-shaped, wherein composite washers formed by compounding glass fiber and rubber are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the connecting piece. The connection 10 is a high manganese steel washer.

11 is a transmission shaft which transmits high-speed rotation motion to the eccentric disc 12.

12 is an eccentric disc, which is a cylinder with a node point at the distance of its axis L for mounting an eccentric shaft 14.

13 is the emery wheel, and it is discoid, and its outside edge structure is unanimous with the pipe external screw thread structure of winnowing, realizes contour machining, and it is connected with the eccentric disc through eccentric 14.

The eccentric part 14 is connected and fixed with the grinding wheel 13 and the eccentric disc 12 through bolts and clamping grooves. Ultrasonic axial (horizontal) and radial (vertical) vibration and high-speed rotary motion are realized.

The 15 is the third connecting piece of particular structure, transmits the ultrasonic vibration of the strutting arrangement 8 of particular structure for the eccentric disc, and the connecting piece 15 outside of particular structure is connected fixedly through the bolt draw-in groove with the strutting arrangement 8 of particular structure, and the interior survey is connected with the eccentric disc through the bearing, and the rotation of eccentric disc can not lead to the fact the puckery to connecting piece 15, and the ultrasonic axial (level) and radial (vertical) vibration of connecting piece 15 can transmit for eccentric disc 12.

Fig. 6 shows an ultrasonic vibration horn having a special structure, which is shown in fig. 2.

And 61 is the amplitude output end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and the diameter of the amplitude output end is D.

The section 62 is connected with the section 61, the section is circular, the length of the section is 0.25-0.3 of the diameter D of the section 61, and the sections 61 and 62 are transited through a circular arc, and the radius of the circular arc is 0.2 mm.

63 is the amplitude expansion 6 of the ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer, the section of the amplitude transformer is a Gaussian curve, the section of the amplitude transformer is circular, 63 and 62 are in transition through an arc, and the radius of the arc is 0.5 mm.

64 is cylindrical with a length 2-3 times the diameter D and a diameter D1 1.2-1.5 times D. 63 and 64 are in transition through an arc, and the radius of the arc is 0.3-0.4 mm.

65 are octahedral prisms having a length 1.1-1.2 times the diameter D of 61.

66 is provided with a connecting piece 7, the connecting piece 7 is arranged at the node of the ultrasonic vibration mode, and the length of the connecting piece 7 is 0.2-0.4 times of the diameter D.

67 is an annular groove for mounting a piezoelectric actuator. The distance 64 may have a length of about 0.3 to 0.4 times the length 61.

The ultrasonic horn is symmetrical about the central section of segment 1.

The eccentric rotation movement of the eccentric disc changes the grinding depth, namely, the grinding depth changes in one eccentric disc rotation period, and the change process is as follows:

and h is sin (2 pi nt) L + fz, wherein pi is the circumferential rate, n is the rotating speed, L is the distance between the axis of the eccentric disc and the axis of the eccentric shaft, and fz is the feeding amount.

Maximum grinding depth h_maxAnd the corresponding grinding speed v can be determined according to the stable region of the cutting process obtained by the discrete method.

Then L is h_max-fz

The eccentric rotation motion of the eccentric disc and the axial and radial vibration of the ultrasonic wave cause the change of the grinding depth and the change of the grinding angle. Because the ultrasonic grinding force is smaller and not more than 50N, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is difficult to obviously inhibit, and the influence of the grinding force on the amplitude can not be considered.

Firstly, the fine grinding processing of the poplar pipe thread is carried out according to the following steps

1. The ultrasonic device and high speed motor are turned on, setting an initial position a (0, 0, 0) to gradually bring the grinding wheel 13 close to the bottom of the rough thread at a feed rate of 1mm/min (radial, vertical), the recorded position being a1(x1, y1, z1) when grinding occurs.

2. The wheel is then advanced forward (left) until the wheel flank contacts the thread flank, recording position a2(x2, y2, z2), and advanced backward (right) until the wheel flank contacts the thread flank, recording position A3(x3, y3, z 3).

3. The rough and finish thread interfaces are shown at 4. When the rotational motion speed of the machine tool for clamping the ore-lifting pipe is N, the axial (horizontal) feeding amount is fd, the diameter of the grinding wheel is d, and the grinding speed is v during precise and efficient grinding.

When v is 2 pi nd, the feed rate fd (axial displacement per minute) in the axial direction (horizontal direction) of the high-efficiency precision-machined thread is f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁) After the above parameters are determined, the actual machining is started.

4. Setting a tool, starting an ultrasonic device, processing left threads, moving a grinding wheel to the position A2, setting the rotating speed of a machine tool for clamping a ore-raising pipe to be N, and setting the axial (horizontal) feed quantity fd parameter (axial displacement per minute) to be f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁). The rotating speed n is determined according to the criteria of no grinding burn and no obvious vibration, and the critical grinding speed v can be determined through tests_cAnd the solved n is as follows:

5. processing right-side threads, moving a grinding wheel to the position A3, setting the rotating speed of a machine tool for clamping the ore-raising pipe to be N, and setting the axial (horizontal) feed quantity fd parameter (axial displacement per minute) to be f_d＝sin(2Nπt)2r₁+2r₁sin(φ₂-φ₁). The rotating speed n is determined according to the criteria of no grinding burn and no obvious vibration, and the critical grinding speed v can be determined through tests_cAnd the solved n is as follows:

while embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the specification and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.