阅读说明：本技术 一种具有变阻尼性能的摩擦摆式隔震装置 (Friction pendulum type shock isolation device with variable damping performance ) 是由 赵守江 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有变阻尼性能的摩擦摆式隔震装置,属于减震与隔震技术领域。装置包括底板、顶板、凹面圆盘、滑动体、滑动体支座、抗拉机构和碟簧；底板和顶板的相对表面上分别固定凹面圆盘和滑动体支座,滑动体上弧面与滑动体支座的凹形弧面进行配合,滑动体下弧面与凹面圆盘形成接触配合；抗拉机构分为上下两部分,分别固定在底板和顶板上,抗拉机构的上下两部分通过装有碟簧的连接板连接在一起,碟簧分担部分竖向荷载；抗拉机构可将任意水平向的地震冲击波分解成两个正交方向的运动,同时适应底板和顶板之间的高度变化。运动过程中的高度变化使碟簧分担的竖向载荷发生改变从而导致隔震装置的整体摩擦系数变化,实现变阻尼功能。(The invention discloses a friction pendulum type shock isolation device with variable damping performance, and belongs to the technical field of shock absorption and shock isolation. The device comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a concave disc, a sliding body support, a tensile mechanism and a disc spring; a concave disc and a sliding body support are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper cambered surface of the sliding body is matched with the concave cambered surface of the sliding body support, and the lower cambered surface of the sliding body is in contact fit with the concave disc; the tensile mechanism is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are respectively fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper part and the lower part of the tensile mechanism are connected together through a connecting plate provided with a disc spring, and the disc spring shares part of vertical load; the tensile mechanism can decompose any horizontal seismic shock wave into two orthogonal movements and adapt to the height change between the bottom plate and the top plate. The height change in the motion process changes the vertical load shared by the disc spring, so that the whole friction coefficient of the shock isolation device is changed, and the variable damping function is realized.)

1. A friction pendulum type shock isolation device with variable damping performance comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a concave disc, a sliding body and a sliding body support; a concave disc and a sliding body support are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper cambered surface of the sliding body is matched with the concave cambered surface of the sliding body support, and the lower cambered surface of the sliding body is in contact fit with the concave disc; the device is characterized by also comprising a tensile mechanism and a disc spring, wherein the tensile mechanism is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are respectively fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper part and the lower part of the tensile mechanism are connected together through a connecting plate provided with the disc spring, and the disc spring shares part of vertical load; the tensile mechanism decomposes any horizontal seismic shock wave into two orthogonal motions while accommodating height variations between the floor and the roof. The height change in the motion process changes the vertical load shared by the disc spring, so that the whole friction coefficient of the shock isolation device is changed, and the variable damping function is realized.

2. The friction pendulum vibration isolator with variable damping according to claim 1, wherein said tension mechanism comprises an upper tension member and a lower tension member of identical construction, the upper tension member and the lower tension member being connected together in a cross-orthogonal manner, the upper tension member and the lower tension member having a degree of freedom to move in a vertical direction to accommodate height variations of the slider during movement of the concave disk, the upper tension member and the lower tension member each having a degree of freedom to move in a horizontal direction.

3. The friction pendulum vibration isolator with variable damping capacity of claim 2 wherein said upper tensile member and said lower tensile member each comprise a mounting plate, a slide rail, a slider, a U-shaped connecting plate and a clip;

the two sliding rails are fixed on the mounting plate in parallel, and the sliding block is matched with the sliding rails; the U-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding blocks matched with the two sliding rails through the horizontal part of the U-shaped connecting plate, the mounting groove for mounting a disc spring is formed in the inner side surface of the horizontal part, and the inner surfaces of the vertical parts on the two sides of the U-shaped connecting plate are used for connecting the clamping blocks; the fixture blocks are used for limiting the U-shaped connecting plates which are arranged in a cross manner to be separated from each other by the inner surface fixture blocks fixed on the vertical parts at the two sides of the U-shaped connecting plates when the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly are connected through the U-shaped connecting plates.

4. The friction pendulum vibration isolator of claim 3 wherein said sliding block and said sliding track are in an embedded rolling engagement.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the sliding body has spherical surfaces at both ends thereof, the sliding body support has a spherical recess, one end of the sliding body is spherically fitted in the recess of the sliding body support, and the recess has an annular mounting groove at an upper end thereof, and the mounting groove is fitted with a snap spring for restricting the sliding body from coming off the sliding body support.

6. The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the disc spring design method comprises the steps of:

firstly, determining the mass m of a top plate, four sliding bodies connected with the top plate and a sliding body support according to the design scheme of a vibration isolation device₀Mass m of upper tensile member₁And according to the mass M of the object borne by the upper part of the top plate, obtaining the total mass M (M) jointly supported by the disc spring and the sliding body₀+m₁+m；

Secondly, determining an initial overall sliding friction coefficient mu according to the initial starting force required by the shock isolation device_{First stage}Coefficient of friction mu between the slider and the concave disc₁Coefficient of rolling friction mu between slider and rail₂In which μ₂<μ₁According to the formula mu_{First stage}＝(1-x₀)μ₁+x₀μ₂So as to obtain the total mass ratio x shared by the disc spring at the initial time₀；

Thirdly, similarly, when the sliding body moves to the maximum displacement position, the sliding body moves to the maximum displacement position according to the settingThe overall friction coefficient mu of the maximum friction force determining device_PowderAccording to the formula mu_Powder＝(1-x₁)μ₁+x₁μ₂Obtaining the total mass ratio x shared by the disc spring at the moment₁；

Fourthly, when the sliding body moves from the initial position to the final position, determining the deformation height delta h of the disc spring, namely the maximum height difference of the curved surface of the concave disc, and then according to the formula K delta h, M (x)₀-x₁) So as to obtain the total rigidity K of the disc spring;

and fifthly, determining the rigidity K of the single disc spring according to the obtained total rigidity K of the disc springs and the quantity of the arranged disc springs, and selecting a proper disc spring model.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorption and shock insulation, and particularly relates to a friction pendulum type shock insulation device with variable damping performance.

Background

China is a multi-earthquake country, and violent earthquakes extremely seriously damage cultural relics in the collection of cultural relics. And the shock isolation device can play a positive role in the shock-proof safety of cultural relics. The friction pendulum vibration isolation device is an effective horizontal vibration isolation device. The device utilizes the pendulum principle and has the advantage that the shock insulation period is not influenced by gravity load; in the reciprocating motion, energy is consumed by friction of the contact surfaces. The device has the advantages of simple structure, large bearing capacity, easy control of product quality and wide application.

However, the shock insulation device for protecting floating cultural relics has two problems: one is that the friction coefficient is too large and the start is not sensitive enough. In general, the sliding friction coefficient between polytetrafluoroethylene and a stainless steel sliding surface is in the range of 0.05 to 0.25, but the sliding friction coefficient of the entire device is usually about 0.1. If the shock insulation material is used for shock insulation of floating cultural relics, the sliding friction coefficient is obviously not ideal, and the initial static friction coefficient is larger than the dynamic friction coefficient. For this reason, some proposals have employed sliding surfaces of varying friction coefficients to reduce the initial starting force, but the difficulty of machining is great and the problem cannot be fundamentally solved. Secondly, the integrity of the shock isolation device is poor. Because the motion track of the sliding block is a curved surface, the sliding block and the disk are necessarily separated. Therefore, extra measures are needed to ensure that the upper plate and the lower plate can bear certain vertical pulling force to form a whole.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a friction pendulum type vibration isolation device with variable damping performance, the integrity of the vibration isolation device is enhanced through a tensile mechanism in the middle, and the overall friction coefficient of the vibration isolation device is changed by utilizing a disc spring arranged in the middle of the tensile mechanism, so that the variable damping function of the vibration isolation device is realized.

A friction pendulum type shock isolation device with variable damping performance comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a concave disc, a sliding body support, a tensile mechanism and a disc spring; a concave disc and a sliding body support are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper cambered surface of the sliding body is matched with the concave cambered surface of the sliding body support, and the lower cambered surface of the sliding body is in contact fit with the concave disc; the tensile mechanism is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are respectively fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate, the upper part and the lower part of the tensile mechanism are connected together through a connecting plate provided with a disc spring, and the disc spring shares part of vertical load; the tensile mechanism can decompose any horizontal seismic shock wave into two orthogonal movements and adapt to the height change between the bottom plate and the top plate. The height change in the motion process changes the vertical load shared by the disc spring, so that the whole friction coefficient of the shock isolation device is changed, and the variable damping function is realized.

Further, the tensile mechanism comprises an upper tensile component and a lower tensile component which are identical in structure, the upper tensile component and the lower tensile component are connected together in a cross-shaped orthogonal mode, the upper tensile component and the lower tensile component have the freedom degree of movement in the vertical direction to adapt to the height change of the slider generated in the movement process of the concave disc, and the upper tensile component and the lower tensile component respectively have the freedom degree of movement in the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly respectively comprise an installation plate, a slide rail, a slide block, a U-shaped connecting plate and a clamping block;

the two sliding rails are fixed on the mounting plate in parallel, and the sliding block is matched with the sliding rails; the U-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding blocks matched with the two sliding rails through the horizontal part of the U-shaped connecting plate, the mounting groove for mounting a disc spring is formed in the inner side surface of the horizontal part, and the inner surfaces of the vertical parts on the two sides of the U-shaped connecting plate are used for connecting the clamping blocks; the fixture blocks are used for limiting the U-shaped connecting plates which are arranged in a cross manner to be separated from each other by the inner surface fixture blocks fixed on the vertical parts at the two sides of the U-shaped connecting plates when the upper tensile assembly and the lower tensile assembly are connected through the U-shaped connecting plates.

Furthermore, the sliding block and the sliding rail are matched in an embedded rolling mode.

Furthermore, both ends of the sliding body are spherical surfaces, the sliding body support is provided with a spherical groove, one end of the sliding body is matched with the groove of the sliding body support to form a spherical surface, the upper end of the groove is provided with an annular mounting groove, and a clamp spring is arranged in the mounting groove to limit the sliding body from being separated from the sliding body support.

Has the advantages that:

1. the main structure of the invention only comprises a bottom plate fixed with a concave disc, a top plate fixed with a sliding body and a middle tensile mechanism, and the invention has simple structure and convenient installation.

2. The sliding body with spherical surfaces at two ends is matched with the concave disc to support an upper object, so that the bearing capacity is high, and the sliding body can generate vertical supporting force and horizontal restoring force in the process of moving in the concave disc, so that the upper bearing object can be automatically reset without adding a reset spring.

3. The tensile mechanism has tensile capacity, and the upper part and the lower part of the assembly are prevented from being separated, so that the integrity of the shock isolation device is enhanced. In addition, the U-shaped connecting plate in the tensile mechanism is constructed to have a torsion-resistant function, so that relative torsion between the top plate and the bottom plate is prevented.

4. The disc spring is additionally arranged in the middle of the tensile mechanism, so that the tensile mechanism can share certain vertical load. Along with the sliding body slides in the disc, bottom plate and roof interval are bigger and bigger, and the load that the dish spring shared can reduce, and shock isolation device's whole coefficient of friction can increase, and the damping can increase to low start-up power and variable damping function have been realized. Meanwhile, a damper which is usually arranged in a conventional shock isolation device is omitted, and the production cost of the device is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a friction pendulum seismic isolation device with variable damping performance according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the concave disc on the base plate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation relationship of the sliding body on the top plate;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tension mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower tension member (with disc spring installed);

figure 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper tensile member;

figure 7 is an exploded view of the upper or lower tension members;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped connecting plate;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the slider and slider mount in a separated state;

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of the slide mount;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a slider mount;

fig. 12 is an isometric view of the slider body.

The device comprises a base plate 1, a top plate 2, a concave disc 3, a sliding body 4, a tensile mechanism 5, a sliding body support 6, an upper tensile assembly 7, a lower tensile assembly 8, a mounting plate 9, a sliding rail 10, a sliding block 11, a U-shaped connecting plate 12, a disc spring 13 and a clamping block 14.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a friction pendulum type shock isolation device with variable damping performance, which comprises a bottom plate 1, a top plate 2, a concave disc 3, a sliding body 4, a sliding body support 6, a tensile mechanism 5 and a disc spring 13 arranged in the sliding body support, as shown in figure 1.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, four concave discs 3 and four sliding body supports 6 are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, wherein, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding body 4 is installed on the top plate 2 through the sliding body supports 6, and the separated structural relationship is shown in fig. 9. The structure of the sliding body 4 is shown in fig. 12, and both ends of the sliding body 4 are spherical surfaces. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the slider support 6 has a spherical recess, one end of the sliding body 4 forms a spherical surface fit with the recess of the slider support 6, an annular mounting groove is formed at the upper end of the recess, a snap spring is arranged in the mounting groove to limit the sliding body 4 from coming off the slider support 6, and an arc surface at the other end of the sliding body 4 forms a contact fit with the concave disc 3.

As shown in fig. 4, the tensile mechanism 5 is divided into upper and lower portions, i.e., an upper tensile member 7 and a lower tensile member 8, and the upper tensile member 7 and the lower tensile member 8 are coupled to each other.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, each of the upper tensile member 7 and the lower tensile member 8 includes a mounting plate 9, a slide rail 10, a slider 11, a U-shaped connecting plate 12 and a latch 14.

The mounting plate 9 is a plane mounting plate, the slide rail 10 is a linear guide rail, and balls are arranged on the matching surfaces of the slide block 11 and the guide rail, so that rolling friction is formed between the slide block 11 and the slide rail 10, and the friction coefficient is effectively reduced.

As shown in fig. 8, the U-shaped connecting plate 12 is a planar connecting plate with a U-shaped structure, four mounting grooves for mounting the disc spring 13 are formed in the inner surface of the horizontal portion of the U-shaped structure, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the horizontal portion and the vertical portions of the two sides of the horizontal portion, the screw holes in the horizontal portion are used for fixing the U-shaped connecting plate 12 and the slider 11, and the screw holes in the vertical portions are used for connecting the clamping blocks 14.

The two slide rails 10 are fixed on the mounting plate 9 in parallel, and the slide block 11 is matched with the slide rails 10; u type connecting plate 12 is through its horizontal part fixed connection simultaneously on two slider 11 with slide rail 10 complex, be equipped with dish spring 13 through the mounting groove on the inboard surface of horizontal part, the inboard surface in the vertical part in U type connecting plate 12 both sides connects fixture block 14, the effect of fixture block 14 is when last tensile subassembly 7 and lower tensile subassembly 8 connect through U type connecting plate 12, utilize the inboard surface fixture block 14 of fixing in the vertical part in U type connecting plate 12 both sides to restrict two U type connecting plates 12 of criss-cross arrangement and break away from each other, leave the ascending removal clearance in vertical direction between fixture block 14 and the U type connecting plate 12 that is restricted, and support by dish spring 13 between last tensile subassembly 7 and the lower tensile subassembly 8, it has the degree of freedom of motion in vertical direction to go up tensile subassembly 7 and lower tensile subassembly 8.

The working principle is as follows: at the beginning, the sliding body 4 is positioned at the lowest position of the concave disc 3, the compression amount of the disc spring 13 is the largest, and the load sharing proportion is also the largest, so that the whole friction coefficient of the shock isolation device is the smallest. When the earthquake acting force exceeds the static friction force of the device, the horizontal movement of the ground causes the sliding body 4 to slide in the cambered surface of the concave disc 3, the top plate 2 and the object are slightly lifted, and then the sliding body 4 moves towards the initial position, namely the lowest part of the cambered surface under the action of gravity, so that the earthquake acting force is repeated. As the vibration energy continues to be absorbed, the slider 4 eventually comes to rest at the initial position. The tensile mechanisms 5 connected with the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 also generate relative movement along with the bottom plate, and decompose any horizontal seismic shock wave into two motions in the orthogonal directions, namely, the sliders 11 in the upper tensile assembly 7 and the lower tensile assembly 8 respectively slide relative to the corresponding slide rails 10. The height between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 is changed while the device moves horizontally, the vertical load borne by the disc spring 13 between the upper tensile assembly 7 and the lower tensile assembly 8 is changed, the total friction coefficient in the device is changed, the variable damping function of the device is realized, and the damping adjustment of the device is not required to be realized by replacing dampers of different models.

The design scheme of the disc spring in the friction pendulum type shock isolation device comprises the following steps:

firstly, according to the design scheme of the vibration isolation device, the mass m of the top plate 2 and the four sliding bodies 4 and the sliding body support 6 connected with the top plate is determined₀Mass m of upper tension member 7₁And the mass M of the object borne by the upper part of the top plate 2 is used as the basis to obtain the total mass M which is M and supported by the disc spring 13 and the sliding body 4 together₀+m₁+m；

Secondly, determining an initial overall sliding friction coefficient mu according to the initial starting force required by the shock isolation device_{First stage}From the coefficient of friction mu of the slider 4 with the concave disc 3₁Rolling friction coefficient mu between the slider 11 and the rail 10₂(μ₂<μ₁) According to the formula mu_{First stage}＝(1-x₀)μ₁+x₀μ₂Thereby obtaining the total mass ratio x initially shared by the disc spring 13₀；

Thirdly, similarly, when the sliding body 4 moves to the maximum displacement position, the overall friction coefficient mu of the device is determined according to the set maximum friction force_PowderAccording to the formula mu_Powder＝(1-x₁)μ₁+x₁μ₂To obtain the total mass ratio x shared by the disc spring 13 at this time₁；

Fourthly, when the sliding body 4 moves from the initial position to the final position, a deformation height Δ h of the disc spring 13, that is, a maximum height difference of the curved surface of the concave disc 3 is determined, and then M (x) is defined according to a formula K Δ h₀-x₁) So as to obtain the total rigidity K of the disc spring 13;

and fifthly, determining the rigidity K of the single disc spring according to the obtained total rigidity K of the disc springs 13 and the quantity of the arranged disc springs, and selecting a proper disc spring model.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.