阅读说明：本技术 一种可调的环形小孔节流器及静压支撑系统 (Adjustable annular small-hole throttler and static pressure support system ) 是由 黄禹 曹海印 荣佑民 李宇恒 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种可调的环形小孔节流器及静压支撑系统,包括阀体、滑阀和下盖板,阀体内部具有依次连通的上腔室、光孔和下腔室,滑阀包括位于上腔室的头部、穿过光孔并伸入下腔室的油腔和位于油腔下端的第一出油孔,阀体内还设有连通外界与油腔的进油槽,下盖板上设有第二出油孔和正对第一出油孔的节流部,第二出油孔和节流部均连通下腔室,油腔中的油液通过第一出油孔流出滑阀后先后经过节流部、下腔室,最后通过第二出油孔排出,上腔室内设有与头部连接的电伸缩装置,电伸缩装置发生伸缩时,滑阀在阀体中上下移动,从而改变第一出油孔与节流部之间的距离。可根据实际工作状态对节流器的节流比进行智能动态调节,使静压支撑系统获得最佳支撑性能。(The invention provides an adjustable small annular hole restrictor and a static pressure support system, which comprise a valve body, a slide valve and a lower cover plate, wherein an upper chamber, a unthreaded hole and a lower chamber which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the valve body, the slide valve comprises a head part positioned in the upper chamber, an oil cavity penetrating through the unthreaded hole and extending into the lower chamber, and a first oil outlet positioned at the lower end of the oil cavity, an oil inlet groove communicated with the outside and the oil cavity is also arranged in the valve body, a second oil outlet and a throttling part opposite to the first oil outlet are arranged on the lower cover plate, the second oil outlet and the throttling part are both communicated with the lower chamber, oil in the oil cavity flows out of the slide valve through the first oil outlet and then sequentially passes through the throttling part and the lower chamber, and is finally discharged through the second oil outlet, an electric expansion device connected with the head part is arranged in the upper chamber, and when the electric expansion device expands, the spool valve moves up and down in the valve body, thereby changing a distance between the first oil outlet hole and the throttle portion. The throttling ratio of the throttling device can be intelligently and dynamically adjusted according to the actual working state, so that the static pressure supporting system can obtain the optimal supporting performance.)

1. The utility model provides an adjustable annular aperture flow controller which characterized in that: including the valve body, locate the slide valve in the valve body and with the lower extreme fixed connection's of valve body lower cover plate, the valve body is inside to have from last cavity, unthreaded hole and lower cavity that communicate in proper order down, the slide valve is including being located the head of going up the cavity, passing the unthreaded hole and stretching into the oil pocket of cavity down and being located the first oil outlet of oil pocket lower extreme still are equipped with in the valve body and communicate external with the oil feed tank of oil pocket, be equipped with the second oil outlet on the lower cover plate and just right the throttle portion of first oil outlet, second oil outlet and throttle portion all communicate with lower cavity, fluid in the oil pocket passes through behind the first oil outlet outflow slide valve successively through throttle portion, lower cavity, at last pass through the second oil outlet is discharged, be equipped with in the upper cavity with the electric telescoping device that the head is connected, when electric telescoping device takes place to stretch out and draw back, the spool moves up and down in the valve body, thereby changing a distance between the first oil outlet hole and the throttle portion.

2. The adjustable annular orifice restrictor of claim 1, wherein: the electric telescopic device is made of piezoelectric ceramics, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected with an external controller through wiring, and the controller controls the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramics through controlling an electric field of the piezoelectric ceramics.

3. An adjustable annular orifice restrictor according to claim 2 wherein: the throttleer also comprises an upper cover plate fixedly connected with the valve body, a fixed seat for fixing the electric telescopic device is arranged in the upper cavity, the fixed seat is fixed on the upper cover plate, and a reserved through hole for the wiring to pass through is formed in the upper cover plate.

4. An adjustable annular orifice restrictor according to claim 3 wherein: the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with the valve body through a plurality of screws, and an adjusting screw is screwed in and downwards penetrates through the center of the upper cover plate to be fixedly connected with the fixed seat.

5. The adjustable annular orifice restrictor of claim 1, wherein: the throttling part is a throttling groove which is formed in the lower cover plate and is sunken downwards, and the sectional area of the lower end of the oil cavity is smaller than that of the throttling groove.

6. An adjustable annular orifice restrictor according to claim 5 wherein: the oil cavity is provided with a plurality of oil inlet holes, the oil inlet grooves are communicated with the oil cavity by being connected with the oil inlet holes, and the oil inlet holes and the oil inlet grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

7. The adjustable annular orifice restrictor of claim 6, wherein: the oil cavity is in clearance fit with the unthreaded hole, a plurality of sealing elements are arranged between the oil cavity and the unthreaded hole, part of the sealing elements are positioned above the oil inlet groove, the rest of the sealing elements are positioned below the oil inlet groove, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the valve body and the lower cover plate.

8. The adjustable annular orifice restrictor of claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the oil inlet groove, the diameter of the oil inlet hole and the diameter of the oil cavity are all within the range of 2-5 mm.

9. The adjustable annular orifice restrictor of claim 8, wherein: the depth of the throttling groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.

10. A hydrostatic support system, characterized by: the orifice restrictor of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a base having a step-shaped mounting hole, the orifice restrictor is mounted in the step-shaped mounting hole, the base has an oil guiding pipe communicating with an oil inlet groove, and further has a lubricating oil film located below the second oil outlet hole, a plurality of sealing rings are provided between the valve body and the base, a part of the sealing rings are located above the oil inlet groove, the rest of the sealing rings are located below the oil inlet groove, the sealing ring located above the oil inlet groove is horizontally located at the step of the step-shaped mounting hole, and the sealing ring located below the oil inlet groove is vertically located at the outer side wall of the valve body.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrostatic pressure branch, in particular to an adjustable small annular hole restrictor and a hydrostatic pressure support system.

Background

The hydrostatic pressure bearing technology has the excellent performances of nearly zero friction, large bearing capacity, high rigidity, high damping and the like, and is widely applied to the development of ultraprecise processing machines.

The restrictor is one of the key elements of the hydrostatic bearing and is an important part of the hydrostatic bearing system. The inlet of the restrictor is communicated with the constant-pressure hydraulic station and is used for greatly reducing the pressure of external high-pressure oil, and low-pressure oil output from the outlet of the restrictor enters a supporting oil film to obtain stable pressure distribution of a supporting surface, so that excellent static and dynamic characteristics are realized.

Common throttling methods include orifice throttling, capillary throttling, gap throttling, and the like. Due to the working principle of the throttling device, various throttling structures have the defect of easy blockage. Compared with other throttling structures, the small-hole throttling mode has the advantages of insensitivity to temperature change, easiness in design, processing and installation, high reliability and the like. Meanwhile, in order to adapt to working condition changes, researchers design various adjustable throttles, and the throttling ratio of the throttles is adjusted within a certain range to achieve ideal hydrostatic bearing supporting performance.

However, the throttle ratio of the throttler is a fixed value after adjustment, the purpose of intelligently and dynamically adjusting the throttle ratio of the throttler along with the working condition of the bearing cannot be realized, and the improvement on the supporting performance is still limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an adjustable small annular hole throttler and a static pressure support system, which can realize the purpose of intelligently and dynamically adjusting the throttling ratio of the throttler along with the working condition of a bearing.

The invention provides an adjustable small annular hole restrictor, which comprises a valve body, a slide valve arranged in the valve body and a lower cover plate fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve body, wherein an upper chamber, a unthreaded hole and a lower chamber which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom are arranged in the valve body, the slide valve comprises a head part positioned in the upper chamber, an oil chamber penetrating through the unthreaded hole and extending into the lower chamber and a first oil outlet positioned at the lower end of the oil chamber, an oil inlet groove communicated with the outside and the oil chamber is also arranged in the valve body, a second oil outlet and a throttling part opposite to the first oil outlet are arranged on the lower cover plate, the second oil outlet and the throttling part are both communicated with the lower chamber, oil in the oil chamber flows out through the first oil outlet and then sequentially passes through the throttling part and the lower chamber, and is finally discharged through the second oil outlet, and an electric expansion device connected with the head part is arranged in the upper chamber, when the electric expansion device expands and contracts, the slide valve moves up and down in the valve body, so that the distance between the first oil outlet and the throttling part is changed.

Furthermore, the electric telescopic device is made of piezoelectric ceramics, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected with an external controller through wiring, and the controller controls the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramics through controlling an electric field of the piezoelectric ceramics.

Furthermore, the throttle also comprises an upper cover plate fixedly connected with the valve body, a fixed seat for fixing the electric telescopic device is arranged in the upper cavity, the fixed seat is fixed on the upper cover plate, and a reserved through hole for the wiring to pass through is formed in the upper cover plate.

Furthermore, the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with the valve body through a plurality of screws, and an adjusting screw is screwed in and downwards penetrates through the center of the upper cover plate to be fixedly connected with the fixed seat.

Further, the throttling part is a throttling groove which is formed in the lower cover plate and is sunken downwards, and the sectional area of the lower end of the oil cavity is smaller than that of the throttling groove.

Furthermore, an oil inlet hole is formed in the oil cavity, the oil inlet groove is communicated with the oil cavity by being connected with the oil inlet hole, the oil inlet grooves are multiple, and the oil inlet holes and the oil inlet grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Furthermore, the oil cavity is in clearance fit with the unthreaded hole, a plurality of sealing elements are arranged between the oil cavity and the unthreaded hole, part of the sealing elements are positioned above the oil inlet groove, the rest of the sealing elements are positioned below the oil inlet groove, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the valve body and the lower cover plate.

Furthermore, the aperture of the oil inlet groove, the aperture of the oil inlet hole and the diameter of the oil cavity are all within the range of 2-5 mm.

Furthermore, the depth of the throttling groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.

The invention also provides a static pressure support system, which comprises the small annular hole throttleer and a base with a step-shaped mounting hole, wherein the small annular hole throttleer is mounted in the step-shaped mounting hole, an oil guide pipe communicated with an oil inlet groove is arranged on the base, a lubricating oil film positioned below the second oil outlet hole is also arranged on the base, a plurality of sealing rings are arranged between the valve body and the base, part of the sealing rings are positioned above the oil inlet groove, the rest of the sealing rings are positioned below the oil inlet groove, the sealing rings positioned above the oil inlet groove are horizontally positioned at the step of the step-shaped mounting hole, and the sealing rings positioned below the oil inlet groove are vertically positioned at the outer side wall of the valve body.

The invention has the technical effects that: through setting up electric telescoping device and making the slide valve be connected with electric telescoping device, have the space of stepping down between slide valve and the throttle portion simultaneously to make the slide valve shell change along with electric telescoping device's deformation first oil outlet with distance between the throttle portion to this throttle ratio of adjusting the throttle realizes that the throttle ratio of throttle carries out intelligent dynamic adjustment's purpose along with the bearing operating mode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an adjustable annular orifice flow restrictor of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydrostatic support system of the present invention;

in the figure: 100. an annular small-hole restrictor;

1. a valve body; 11. an upper chamber; 12. a light hole; 13. a lower chamber; 14. an oil inlet groove;

2. a spool valve; 21. a head portion; 22. an oil chamber; 221. an oil inlet hole; 222. a first oil outlet hole;

3. electrostrictive devices/piezoelectric ceramics; 31. wiring;

4. an upper cover plate; 41. a fixed seat; 42. reserving a through hole; 43. a screw; 44. an adjusting screw;

5. a lower cover plate; 51. a throttle portion/throttle groove; 52. a second oil outlet hole;

61. a sealing element; 62. a gasket; 63. a seal ring; 64. a belleville spring;

200. a hydrostatic support system;

7. a base; 71. step-shaped mounting holes; 72. a step; 73. and an oil guide pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an adjustable small annular orifice restrictor 100, which mainly comprises a valve body 1, a slide valve 2 arranged inside the valve body 1, and a lower cover plate 5 positioned at the lower end of the valve body 1, wherein the slide valve 2 can move up and down in the valve body 1, so that the distance between a first oil outlet 52 positioned at the lower end of the slide valve 2 and the lower cover plate 5 is adjustable, and the adjustment of the throttling ratio of the restrictor 100 is realized by adjusting the distance, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligently and dynamically adjusting the throttling ratio of the restrictor 100 along with the working condition of a bearing.

Specifically, the valve body 1 is internally provided with a cavity which runs through the upper end and the lower end of the valve body 1, and the cavity is sequentially an upper cavity 11, a light hole 12 and a lower cavity 13 which are communicated with each other from top to bottom. The spool valve 2 includes a head portion 21 located in the upper chamber 11, an oil chamber 22 passing through the unthreaded hole 12 and extending into the lower chamber 13, and a first oil outlet hole 222 located at a lower end of the oil chamber 22. The size of the head 21 is larger than the aperture of the light hole 12 so that the head 21 cannot enter the light hole 12, so that the head 21 is supported upward by the bottom of the upper chamber 11, a belleville spring 64 is further provided between the head 21 and the bottom supporting the head 21, the deformation direction of the belleville spring 64 is the vertical direction, and the head 21 and the belleville spring 64 are in direct contact. The bottom of the oil chamber 22 is a conical structure, and the first oil outlet 222 vertically penetrates through the conical structure to communicate the oil chamber 22 with the lower chamber 13. The inner wall of the unthreaded hole 12 is smooth, so that the oil chamber 22 can move up and down in the unthreaded hole 12 under the action of external force. The oil chamber 22 is in clearance fit with the unthreaded hole 12, and a plurality of sealing elements 61 are arranged between the oil chamber 22 and the unthreaded hole 12. An oil inlet hole 221 is formed in the oil chamber 22, a part of the sealing element 61 is located above the oil inlet hole 221, the rest of the sealing element 61 is located below the oil inlet hole 221, and hydraulic oil entering between the wall of the oil chamber 22 and the unthreaded hole 12 from the oil inlet hole 221 is prevented from entering the upper chamber 11 upwards and entering the lower chamber 13 downwards by the sealing element 61. The valve body 1 with be equipped with sealed 62 between the apron 5 down, sealed 62 is used for preventing the gap exosmosis between valve body 1 and the apron 5 down.

An oil inlet groove 14 communicated with the outside and the oil cavity 22 is further formed in the valve body 1, the oil inlet groove 14 is communicated with the oil cavity 22 by being connected with the oil inlet hole 221, the oil inlet grooves 14 are multiple, and the oil inlet holes 221 and the oil inlet grooves 14 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. And the aperture of the oil inlet groove 14, the aperture of the oil inlet hole 221 and the diameter of the oil cavity 22 are all within the interval of 2-5 mm.

Be equipped with second oil outlet 52 on the lower cover plate 5 and just right the throttle portion 51 of first oil outlet 222, second oil outlet 52 and throttle portion 51 all communicate with lower chamber 13, fluid in the oil chamber 22 passes through behind the first oil outlet 222 outflow slide valve 2 successively pass through throttle portion 51, lower chamber 13 pass through at last second oil outlet 52 discharges, go up be equipped with in the chamber 11 with the electric telescoping device 3 that the head 21 is connected, when electric telescoping device 3 takes place to stretch out and draw back, slide valve 2 is in reciprocate in the valve body 1, thereby change first oil outlet 222 with distance between the throttle portion 51. Preferably, the throttling part 51 is a throttling groove 51 recessed downwards from the lower cover plate 5, the sectional area of the lower end of the oil chamber 22 is smaller than the sectional area of the throttling groove 51, and the depth of the throttling groove 51 is 0.1-0.5 mm.

The electrostriction device 3 is a piezoelectric ceramic 3, the piezoelectric ceramic 3 is connected with an external controller (not shown) through a wiring 31, and the controller controls the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic 3 by controlling an electric field of the piezoelectric ceramic 3. Piezoelectric ceramic 3 has a reverse piezoelectric property, and when an external electric field is applied to piezoelectric ceramic 3, the positive and negative charge centers inside piezoelectric ceramic 3 are relatively displaced and polarized, so that piezoelectric ceramic 3 is deformed due to the displacement, and a deformation amount Δ L ═ f (E) is provided for piezoelectric ceramic 3 by a controller, so that the micro deformation amount of piezoelectric ceramic 3 can be controlled by controlling the output of the electric field by the controller, and piezoelectric ceramic 3 is slightly elongated or shortened.

When the piezoelectric ceramic 3 extends, the head 21 of the slide valve 2 moves downwards and presses the belleville spring 64 downwards, the oil chamber 22 moves downwards along with the downward movement of the head 21, and the first oil outlet 222 at the bottom of the oil chamber 22 is close to the bottom of the throttling groove 51, namely, the distance between the first oil outlet 222 and the bottom of the throttling groove 51 is reduced. When the piezoelectric ceramic 3 shortens, the downward acting force applied to the belleville spring 64 decreases, and the head portion 21 moves upward under the action of the resilient force of the belleville spring 3, and the oil chamber 22 moves upward along with the upward movement of the head portion 21, so that the first oil outlet hole 222 located at the bottom of the oil chamber 22 is away from the bottom of the throttling groove 51, that is, the distance between the first oil outlet hole 222 and the bottom of the throttling groove 51 increases. The distance between the first oil outlet hole 222 and the bottom of the throttling groove 51 directly influences the flow q of the throttling device 100, and influences the throttling ratio of the throttling device 100 by influencing the flow q, so that the throttling ratio of the throttling device 100 can be adjusted by the controller.

Specifically, the throttle ratio described herein is the ratio β of the supply pressure to the gallery pressure,P_sfor pre-throttle pressure (supply pressure), P_rIs the post-throttle pressure (oil chamber pressure). The essence of the change of the throttling ratio is that the pressure of an oil cavity changes, and the bearing performance is adjusted along with the change of the flow. More specifically, because:

q is the flow rate, C_dIs the flow coefficient, d_rIs the throttling aperture, h is the oil film thickness, rho is the hydraulic oil density, the flow coefficient C_dThrottle bore diameter d_rOil film thickness h, hydraulic oil density rho and pre-throttling pressure P_sIs a known value or can be measured directly, the post-throttle pressure P is influenced by influencing the flow q_rPassing force P_rTo further influence β and thus the throttle ratio of the throttle 100.

The throttle 100 further comprises an upper cover plate 4 fixedly connected with the valve body 1, a fixing seat 41 for fixing the electric telescopic device 3 is arranged in the upper chamber 11, the fixing seat 41 is fixed on the upper cover plate 4, and a reserved through hole 42 for the wiring 31 to pass through is formed in the upper cover plate 4. The upper cover plate 4 is fixedly connected with the valve body 1 through a plurality of screws 43, and an adjusting screw 44 is screwed in and downwards penetrates through the center of the upper cover plate 4 to be fixedly connected with the fixed seat 41.

Referring to fig. 2, the present invention also provides a static pressure support system 200, including the orifice restrictor 100, further including a base 7 having a step-shaped mounting hole 71, the orifice restrictor 100 being mounted to the step-shaped mounting hole 71, the base 7 having an oil guide pipe 73 communicating with an oil inlet tank 14, and further having a lubricating oil film located below the second oil outlet hole 52, a plurality of sealing rings 63 being disposed between the valve body 1 and the base 7, a portion of the sealing rings 63 being located above the oil inlet tank 14, the remaining sealing rings 62 being located below the oil inlet tank 14, the sealing rings 62 located above the oil inlet tank 14 being horizontally located at the step of the step-shaped mounting hole 71, and the sealing rings 62 located below the oil inlet tank 14 being vertically located at the outer sidewall of the valve body 1.

The external high-pressure oil enters the oil guide pipe 73 inside the base 7 and then enters the oil chamber 22 through the oil guide groove 14 and the oil inlet 221 in sequence. Because a plurality of sealing rings 62 are arranged between the valve body 1 and the base 7, when high-pressure oil enters the annular small hole throttler 100 from the base 7, the high-pressure oil cannot penetrate out of the base 7 upwards and downwards along the outer wall of the annular small hole throttler 100, and the integral sealing performance can be ensured, so that the inside is isolated from the outside. After entering the oil chamber 22, the high-pressure oil flows into the throttle groove 51 through the first oil outlet 222, overflows from the throttle groove 51 into the lower chamber 13, then flows into the second oil outlet 52 from the lower chamber 13, and finally flows into the lubricating oil film.

The most important advantage of the present invention is that the throttling ratio of the throttle 100 can be precisely adjusted without frequent disassembly during the debugging process of the static pressure support system 200, and the throttling ratio of the throttle 100 can be intelligently and dynamically adjusted according to the actual working state during the working process, so that the static pressure support system 200 can obtain the best support performance.

The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.