阅读说明：本技术 一种基于bds短报文的车辆安全信息数据交换方法 (BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method ) 是由 段晶 王翔 杨一峰 王思洁 崔纪鹏 马成 宋程 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于BDS短报文的车辆安全信息数据交换方法。它为通信基站故障或车辆遭遇紧急情况下的应急救援通信提供了方法参考。它包括建立车辆安全信息数据模型；定义车辆安全信息数据模型的按位编码模式；基于BDS短报文的车辆安全信息通信物理拓扑。本发明的优点在于：实现了基于BDS短报文通信的车辆安全信息数字化服务,充分发挥BDS短报文在应急救援领域的特有功能；建立的车辆安全信息数据模型具有可扩展性,并且可为国内车载紧急呼叫系统的建设提供数据交换模式参考；按位紧凑编码模式的报文结构大大压缩了数据传输量,能够有效提高BDS短报文的通信效率。(The invention relates to a BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method. The method provides method reference for emergency rescue communication under the condition that a communication base station fails or a vehicle encounters an emergency. The method comprises the steps of establishing a vehicle safety information data model; defining a bitwise encoding mode of a vehicle safety information data model; vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on BDS short message. The invention has the advantages that: the BDS short message communication-based vehicle safety information digital service is realized, and the special function of the BDS short message in the emergency rescue field is fully exerted; the established vehicle safety information data model has expandability and can provide data exchange mode reference for the construction of a domestic vehicle-mounted emergency call system; the message structure of the bit-wise compact coding mode greatly compresses the data transmission quantity, and can effectively improve the communication efficiency of the BDS short message.)

1. A BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the types of the vehicle safety information elements, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a vehicle safety information data model by means of a UML (unified modeling language), and unifying a data structure;

s2, defining a bitwise coding mode of the vehicle safety information data model; extracting information elements from the data model, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and information length, exchanging the vehicle-end BDS short message sending end and the rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammatical rules of exchange information;

s3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on the BDS short message; the BDS short message sending end of the vehicle end encrypts and sends a data packet containing communication content and an ID of an information receiver to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to the corresponding information receiving end.

2. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the vehicle safety information element types include a header, a body and an epilogue.

3. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 2, wherein the header includes an index number; the index number is composed of a date and an index number and is used for the rescue center to retrieve the unique identifier of the vehicle safety information.

4. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 3, wherein the text includes reporting time, vehicle position, license plate information, personnel number and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second and is expressed by Beijing time; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, and the coordinate point is composed of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of a motor vehicle registration mechanism code and a license plate number; the number of people represents the number of people needing rescue.

5. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the postscript includes supplementary notes, the supplementary notes are optional, the general attribute notes of the postscript are complex attribute, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attribute is optional.

6. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the index number is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the reporting time is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the vehicle position is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the license plate information is simple in attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of the people is simple, and the multiplicity is 1; the event types are simple attributes, and the multiplicity is 1 or more.

7. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the vehicle safety information exchange format is an encoding format of vehicle safety information during transmission, that is, a communication protocol of a user layer.

8. The BDS short message-based vehicle security information data exchange method according to claim 7, wherein a data transmission protocol of the vehicle information sending terminal follows RDSS protocol.

9. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the index number information occupies 37 bits of byte length, the reporting time information occupies 33 bits of byte length, the vehicle position information occupies 49 bits of byte length, the license plate information occupies 72 bits of byte length, the personnel number information occupies 7 bits of byte length, and the event type information occupies 8 bits of byte length.

10. The BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method according to claim 9, wherein the event types are navigation failure, vehicle damage and personal injury, and the respective attribute values are 0 or 1, 0 represents none, and 1 represents presence; the total length of the payload of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bit.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of traffic safety guarantee, in particular to a BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method.

Background

With the rapid development of 4G and 5G wireless transmission technologies, mass communication is increasingly facilitated. However, when the base station is damaged or broken due to power supply failure, natural disaster, war, etc., satellite communication is an extremely important contact method. The Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS for short) is a global Satellite Navigation System independently developed in China, has the functions of Navigation, positioning and time service, and simultaneously supports unique bidirectional short message communication service. The short message bidirectional communication capability comprises point-to-point bidirectional interaction and point-to-multipoint unidirectional transmission, and the short message bidirectional communication capability can be used for positioning a user and simultaneously sending information to another party or sending the information to a plurality of people, so that the positioning function and the communication function can be effectively combined. The BDS short message has good communication link performance and high data transmission success rate, and can ensure interactive communication in normal, unexpected or special environments. In addition, when a traffic accident occurs and emergency rescue is required, field personnel generally alarm by telephone. However, when a person is in a panic or even loses consciousness, it is difficult to ensure that the distress message is accurately sent out in time in a dictation mode.

In order to deal with the situation, optimization of a vehicle communication mode and a traffic accident emergency rescue means is urgently needed. When a communication base station fails or the vehicle encounters an emergency, the vehicle can automatically or actively trigger the BDS short message communication function through a user to call for help for the outside. The rescue center can obtain important data of the emergency scene based on the BDS short message help seeking information, so that rescue actions can be timely and accurately carried out, the emergency scene can be rapidly reached, and casualties are reduced to the maximum extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, which provides method reference for calling for help and transmitting necessary rescue information for vehicles in emergency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method comprises the following steps:

s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the types of the vehicle safety information elements, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a vehicle safety information data model by means of a UML (unified modeling language), and unifying a data structure; the unified data structure is convenient for the rescue center to decode and analyze after receiving the information, thereby timely and accurately carrying out rescue actions.

S2, defining a bitwise coding mode of the vehicle safety information data model; extracting information elements from the data model, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and information length, exchanging the vehicle-end BDS short message sending end and the rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammatical rules of exchanged information.

S3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on the BDS short message; the BDS short message sending end of the vehicle end encrypts and sends a data packet containing communication content and an ID of an information receiver to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to the corresponding information receiving end.

In the above-described method for exchanging vehicle safety information data based on the BDS short message, in step S1, the vehicle safety information element type includes a header, a body, and an epiword. The vehicle safety information is comprehensive in content, so that rescue workers can know more information conveniently, and rescue actions can be developed conveniently.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the header includes an index number; the index number is composed of the year and the index number and is a unique identifier used by the rescue center to retrieve vehicle safety information.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle security information data exchange method, the text includes reporting time, vehicle location, license plate information, number of people, and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second and is expressed by Beijing time; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, which is composed of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of the code number and the number plate number of the motor vehicle registration mechanism; the number of persons represents the number of persons needing rescue. The text content is detailed, and the details of the event can be effectively summarized.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the postscript includes a supplementary description, the supplementary description content is selectable, the general attribute of the postscript is described as a complex attribute, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attribute is selectable.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the index number is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; reporting time is a simple attribute, and multiplicity is 1; the vehicle position is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the license plate information is simple in attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of people is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the event type is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1 or more.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, in step S2, the vehicle safety information exchange format is an encoding format of the vehicle safety information during transmission, that is, a communication protocol of a user layer.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the data transmission protocol of the vehicle information sending terminal follows the RDSS protocol. The RDSS transmission protocol can carry out special processing on the vehicle safety information load data transmission format, namely, the message and the compression coding format are simplified, and the BDS short message communication efficiency is improved by compressing data according to the bit compact coding format.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the byte length occupied by the index number information is 37 bits, the byte length occupied by the report time information is 33 bits, the byte length occupied by the vehicle position information is 49 bits, the byte length occupied by the license plate information is 72 bits, the byte length occupied by the personnel number information is 7bit, and the byte length occupied by the event type information is 8 bits.

In the above BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method, the event types are navigation faults, vehicle damage and personnel injury, and the respective attribute values are 0 or 1, where 0 represents none and 1 represents presence; the total payload length of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bit.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the digital service of the vehicle safety information based on BDS short message communication is realized, the special function of the BDS short message in the emergency rescue field is fully exerted, the established vehicle safety information data model has expandability, the data exchange mode reference can be provided for the construction of a domestic vehicle-mounted emergency call system, meanwhile, the message structure of a bit-wise compact coding mode greatly compresses the data transmission quantity, and the communication efficiency of the BDS short message can be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a data model diagram of vehicle safety information in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the vehicle safety information transmission process of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a rescue flow chart based on the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for exchanging vehicle safety information data based on a BDS short message includes the following steps:

s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the types of the vehicle safety information elements, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a vehicle safety information data model by means of a UML (unified modeling language), and unifying a data structure; the vehicle safety information data model is established, so that the rescue center can perform decoding analysis after receiving information, and rescue actions can be timely and accurately performed.

S2, defining a bitwise coding mode of the vehicle safety information data model; extracting information elements from the data model, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and information length, exchanging the vehicle-end BDS short message sending end and the rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammatical rules of exchanged information. The information units which are not separable are called information elements, and only the information elements which are changed are needed to be converted when data exchange is carried out, so that the data exchange efficiency can be effectively improved; and the vehicle safety information load data coding object is a vehicle safety information message. Therefore, 6 information elements are extracted according to the vehicle safety information message characteristics in the vehicle safety information data model, so that the vehicle safety information message structure is defined.

S3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on the BDS short message; the BDS short message sending end of the vehicle end encrypts and sends a data packet containing communication content and an ID of an information receiver to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to a corresponding information receiving end (namely, a rescue center). And when the rescue center information receiving end receives the data packet and decrypts the data packet, a communication process is completed.

Obviously, in step S1, the vehicle safety information element type includes a header, a body, and an appendix.

Visually, the header includes an index number; the index number is composed of the year and the index number and is a unique identifier used by the rescue center to retrieve vehicle safety information. Wherein, the value range of the year is [2021,2121], the value range of the index number is [ 000000001-.

Further, the text comprises reporting time, vehicle position, license plate information, personnel number and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second, the value range of the year is [2021,2121], and the reporting time is expressed by adopting a timestamp mode; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, which is composed of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of the code number of the motor vehicle registration mechanism and the number plate number, and characters are coded by UTF-8; the number of persons represents the number of persons needing rescue. The reporting time is as follows: 1631591671, 54 minutes and 31 seconds, 9, 14, 11, 2021; longitude is represented as DDD-mm.mmes, latitude is represented as DD-mm.mmn, DDD and DD represent degrees, mm.mm represents integer and decimal places of minutes, for example: 120-75.00E 30-75.00N, which is expressed as east longitude 120 degrees 75 'and north latitude 30 degrees 75'; the motor vehicle registration mechanism code has 2 digit character number, which is composed of 1 Chinese character and 1 English letter; the number plate has 5 digits and is composed of Arabic numerals or the combination of Arabic numerals and English letters.

The additional words comprise supplementary descriptions, the contents of the supplementary descriptions are optional, the general attribute descriptions of the additional words comprise complex attributes, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attributes are optional items.

Furthermore, the index number is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; reporting time is a simple attribute, and multiplicity is 1; the vehicle position is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the license plate information is simple in attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of people is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the event type is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1 or more.

Specifically, in step S2, the vehicle safety information exchange format is an encoding format of the vehicle safety information during transmission, i.e., a communication protocol of the user layer.

More specifically, the data transmission protocol of the vehicle information transmitting end follows the RDSS protocol. The communication bandwidth of the third generation BDS short message is about 14000 bits, and because the BDS short message communication bandwidth capacity is limited, the invention carries out special processing on the vehicle safety information load data transmission format based on the RDSS protocol followed by the BDS short message data transmission, namely, the message and the compression coding format are simplified, and the communication efficiency of the BDS short message is improved by compressing the data according to the bit compact coding format.

In detail, the byte length occupied by the index number information is 37 bits, the byte length occupied by the report time information is 33 bits, the byte length occupied by the vehicle position information is 49 bits, the byte length occupied by the license plate information is 72 bits, the byte length occupied by the personnel number information is 7 bits, the byte length occupied by the event type information is 8 bits, and the numeric area of the personnel number is [1,70 ].

Preferably, the event types are divided into navigation faults, vehicle damage and personnel injury, the respective attribute values are 0 or 1, 0 represents none, and 1 represents presence; the total payload length of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bit. For example: 011, the event type of the user calling for help is normal navigation, vehicle damage and personnel injury; if the information length is not enough, the corresponding number of bits is filled.

In summary, the principle of the present embodiment is: the method comprises the steps that a vehicle safety information data model is built through UML, the data model comprises elements and element attribute characteristics, the elements are aggregated by one or more element attributes, then the information elements are extracted from the data model, a bitwise coding mode of the information elements is defined, the specific message exchange format and the message length are determined, and based on the unified vehicle safety information data exchange format, a rescue center correctly interprets the help-seeking information expressed by the BDS short message and carries out rescue. The detailed steps are as follows:

1. the BDS short message sending end of the vehicle end encrypts and sends a data packet containing communication content and an ID of an information receiving party to the Beidou satellite;

2. the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station;

3. the data packet is processed by a Beidou ground central station and then is sent to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to a corresponding information receiver, namely a rescue center;

4. and the rescue center receives the data packet for decryption and then rescues.

The BDS short message sending end of the vehicle end supports all-weather BDS bidirectional message communication and can receive information transmitted by a vehicle controller, wherein the information comprises license plate information, positioning information and personnel information; when abnormal conditions occur in the driving process of the vehicle, such as communication faults and collision of the vehicle to start an air bag, the system can automatically trigger BDS short message emergency call for help or trigger call for help through a manual button, under the conditions, the vehicle and a nearby rescue center establish short message communication connection, and after the communication connection is established, vehicle safety information index numbers, reporting time, vehicle positions, license plate information, personnel number and event type data are transmitted to the rescue center and are interpreted.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.