阅读说明：本技术 自适应温度容积直动阻尼器 (Self-adaptive temperature volume direct-acting damper ) 是由 缪得祥 唐旭 王斌 颜若飞 苟辽 于 2021-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种自适应温度容积直动阻尼器,阻尼性能稳定,能够在不同温度下自动调节容积。本发明通过下述技术方案实现：设计圆柱式外筒、内筒和内筒端盖,形成内外两腔,阻尼活塞和自适应活塞分别在内筒和外筒中做直线运动,内腔与外腔中充满高粘度油液。利用具有密封一体化的自适应活塞结构,对阻尼活塞与内筒相对运动造成的阻尼器内部容积改变,对环境温度与结构温度发生剧烈变化导致的油液体积改变,进行腔内容积自调节；同时,内筒端盖中集成阻尼阀和安全阀,阻尼活塞与内筒相对运动时,带动油液通过阻尼阀上的小孔产生阻尼力,相对运动过快时,安全阀打开卸载压力。为阻尼器提供适当的阻尼力,并保证阻尼器在复杂工作环境下性能稳定。(The self-adaptive temperature volume direct-acting damper disclosed by the invention has stable damping performance and can automatically adjust the volume at different temperatures. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the cylindrical outer cylinder, the cylindrical inner cylinder and the cylindrical inner cylinder end cover are designed to form an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the damping piston and the adaptive piston respectively do linear motion in the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and high-viscosity oil liquid is filled in the inner cavity and the outer cavity. By utilizing a self-adaptive piston structure with sealing integration, the volume of the interior of the damper is changed due to the relative motion of the damping piston and the inner cylinder, and the volume of oil is changed due to the drastic change of the environmental temperature and the structural temperature, so that the volume in the cavity is self-adjusted; meanwhile, a damping valve and a safety valve are integrated in the end cover of the inner cylinder, when the damping piston and the inner cylinder move relatively, the oil is driven to generate damping force through a small hole in the damping valve, and when the relative movement is too fast, the safety valve opens the unloading pressure. The damper is provided with proper damping force, and the stable performance of the damper under complex working environment is ensured.)

1. An adaptive temperature-volumetric direct acting damper comprising: inner tube (12) of assembly in urceolus (5), sealed at urceolus end cover (15) of urceolus (5) right-hand member port, have barrel joint (1) of earring on the left end cover of the sealed urceolus (5) left port of spiro union, joint bearing (2) that can be connected with the organism fast, piston rod assembly (10) and tail-end rod (16) of the piston disjunctor that do straight reciprocating motion in the fluid chamber through urceolus end cover 15 bearing, its characterized in that: the inner side of the left end cover is provided with a self-adaptive spring (4) sealed in a hollow cavity of the self-adaptive piston (3), and a piston type damper which is integrated with a damping valve component (7), a safety valve component (8) and an inner cylinder plunger component (6) is arranged on the port of an inner cylinder (12) corresponding to the step hole end of the rear end fluid cavity of the necking of the damping cavity of the self-adaptive piston (3); the piston rod assembly (10) is communicated with a fluid cavity of the inner cylinder (12) to do linear motion through an integrated damping through-flow assembly (9) on the connected piston to push fluid to be alternately stretched and compressed and pushed circularly in the fluid cavity, the piston rod (10) is compressed inwards, the fluid cavity at the left end of the connected piston is formed into a high-pressure cavity, the fluid cavity at the right end of the connected piston is formed into a low-pressure cavity, the change speed of the high-pressure cavity is higher than that of the low-pressure cavity, different volume-changing relative flows are generated between the left cavity and the right cavity under the action of pressure difference, and the fluid in the high-pressure cavity moves towards the left direction and the right direction under the action of high pressure; one part of fluid enters a low-pressure cavity through a damping through-flow assembly (9), a damping valve assembly (14) is opened for fluid compensation, the other part of fluid enters the damping cavity through the damping valve assembly (7) and a safety valve assembly (8), the low-pressure cavity is compensated by oil which flows through the damping through-flow assembly (9) and the damping valve assembly (14) and enters the low-pressure cavity, a piston rod stretches outwards to enlarge the volume, an adaptive piston (3) regulates the movement of an inner cylinder plunger assembly (6) under the combined action of the adaptive spring (4) and the pressure of the damping cavity, the piston rod of a piston rod assembly (10) contracts and stretches to move linearly, the fluid is forced to flow through the damping valve assembly (7), the damping through-flow valve assembly (9) or an end cover damping valve assembly (14) and resists the through-flow of the damping hole to generate damping force resisting the movement of the piston rod assembly (10), the relative volume of the fluid cavity is changed in a self-adaptive mode, and the relative motion resistance of the two sides of the conjoined piston is controlled, so that the resistance control of the self-adaptive damper is realized.

2. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the left end cover is provided with a self-adaptive spring (4) sealed in a hollow cavity of the self-adaptive piston (3), a fluid cavity is formed between the self-adaptive piston (3) and the lower end cover assembly (6) of the inner cylinder and communicated with the atmosphere through a through hole of the outer cylinder (5), oil and air are isolated through two combined seals, the self-adaptive spring is matched by the self-adaptive piston (3) according to the volume of oil in the cavity at normal temperature and the temperature of the oil during the working of the damper, and the fluid is sealed in the circular cylinder.

3. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the inner cylinder (12) is provided with a damping valve component (14) tightly attached to an end cover (15) of the outer cylinder, and a rod body of the symmetrical piston rod component (10) and an inner cylinder upper end cover component (11) of the safety valve component (13) are integrated, the piston rod component (10) is communicated with a fluid cavity of the inner cylinder (12) to do linear motion through an integrated damping through-flow component (9) on the conjoined piston to push fluid to alternately stretch and compress and circularly push in the fluid cavity, in the process of moving the piston leftwards and rightwards, the fluid between the piston and the cylinder body flows through a damping hole of the damping through-flow valve component (9), when oil reaches the highest temperature, the self-adaptive spring (4) is compressed and contracted, the piston of the piston rod component (10) and the cylinder body do relative motion, the cavity volume self-adjustment is carried out on the basis of not obviously increasing the outer cavity oil pressure, the self-adaptive spring (4) and the self-adaptive piston (3) have enough pressure to open the damping valve (7) or the damping valve (13), meanwhile, the volume in the cavity is adjusted, energy is absorbed, the temperature of the oil is converted into lower temperature, and the environment temperature is reduced.

4. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 3, wherein: the piston rod assembly (10) is connected with the damping assembly on the other side in the high-pressure cavity in parallel to generate damping force through the damping through-flow assembly (9) integrated on the piston rod assembly, liquid in the high-pressure cavity is enabled to directly enter the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly (9) to be compensated, meanwhile, the pressure of outer cavity oil liquid is maintained to be larger than the pressure of opening pressure of the damping valve on the side of the low-pressure cavity through the self-adaptive spring (4) and the self-adaptive piston (3), the damping valve is opened, and outer cavity oil liquid enters the low-pressure cavity to be compensated.

5. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the lower end cover assembly (6) of the inner cylinder is sealed at the lower port part of the inner cylinder (12) through a sealing ring, is embedded into an upper cylinder body on the end surface of the port, is embedded into an axial damping valve assembly (7) and a safety valve assembly (8) on the cylinder body, and a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are formed in a shell of the damping valve assembly (7); the valve core of the damping valve is movably arranged in the containing cavity, a stepped opening used for containing a pre-tightening spring is arranged in the containing cavity, and a circulation opening communicated with the hydraulic oil inlet is formed between the damping valve core and the shell; at high temperature, the thermal expansion object is heated to expand to drive the damping valve core to move towards the first direction, and the area of the flow opening is reduced; at low temperatures, the thermal expansion material contracts and the damper valve element moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the flow velocity through the damper valve element decreases, i.e. the flow rate is controlled by the elongated hole, the flow velocity differs at different pressures and the post-valve static pressure also decreases.

6. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the safety valve component (8) belongs to the automatic valve class, the opening and closing part is in a normally closed state under the action of external force, the control pressure does not exceed a specified value, and when the pressure of a medium rises to exceed the specified value, the special valve for preventing the pressure of the internal medium from exceeding the specified value is formed by discharging the medium to the outside of the system; the inner space is isolated into a fluid cavity and a damping cavity by the lower end cover component (6) of the inner cylinder, and the fluid cavity adjusts the internal volume of the damper under the action of the self-adaptive piston.

7. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the damping cavity is the working cavity of piston rod subassembly (10), and the damping cavity divide into high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber again under the motion of piston rod subassembly (10), and when the velocity of motion is lower, high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber communicate through damping through-flow subassembly (9) on the one hand, and on the other hand communicate the low-pressure chamber through high-pressure chamber damping valve subassembly, and when the velocity of motion was faster, high-pressure chamber safety valve subassembly opened the release and participated in the through-flow.

8. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: when the piston rod assembly (10) moves inwards, oil between the extrusion piston and the lower end cover assembly (6) of the inner cylinder forms a high-pressure cavity, meanwhile, oil between the piston rod assembly (10) and the upper end cover assembly (11) of the inner cylinder is stretched to form a low-pressure cavity, the aperture of a damping small hole in the damping through-flow assembly (9) is larger than that of a damping small hole in the damping valve assembly (7), most of the oil in the high-pressure cavity flows into the low-pressure cavity of the damping small hole through the damping through-flow assembly (9), a small part of the oil flows into the damping cavity through the damping valve assembly (7), insufficient oil in the low-pressure cavity is continuously compensated by the fluid cavity through the opened damping valve assembly (14), the oil in the process flows through the damping small hole to form damping force due to the viscosity of the liquid, and the oil in the high-pressure cavity cannot flow out due to the fact that the movement speed is too fast, and the pressure of the high-pressure cavity continues to rise.

9. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: in order to guarantee the structural safety and the control of the damping force, when the pressure of the safety valve component (8) is increased to the pressure capable of opening the safety valve, the safety valve is opened to promote the outflow of oil, and the increasing trend of the damping force is greatly reduced; on the contrary, when the piston moves outwards, the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity are exchanged, most of oil in the high-pressure cavity flows into the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly (9), a small part of oil flows into the fluid cavity through the damping valve assembly (14), insufficient oil in the low-pressure cavity is continuously compensated by the fluid cavity through the opened damping valve assembly (7) to form damping force, when the moving speed is too high, the oil in the high-pressure cavity flows out untimely, the pressure in the high-pressure cavity is continuously increased, and for guaranteeing the structural safety and the control of the damping force, the safety valve assembly (13) is arranged, when the pressure is increased to the pressure capable of opening the safety valve, the safety valve opens the oil to promote the outflow of the oil and greatly reduce the increasing trend of the damping force.

10. The adaptive temperature volumetric direct motion damper of claim 1, wherein: the upper end cover assembly (11) of the inner cylinder is sealed at the upper port part of the inner cylinder (12) through a sealing ring, is embedded into an upper cylinder body on the end surface of the port, is embedded into an axial damping valve assembly (14) and a safety valve assembly (13) on the cylinder body, and a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are arranged on a shell of the damping valve assembly (14); the valve core of the damping valve is movably arranged in the containing cavity, a stepped opening used for containing a pre-tightening spring is arranged in the containing cavity, and a circulation opening communicated with the hydraulic oil inlet is formed between the damping valve core and the shell; at high temperature, the thermal expansion object is heated to expand to drive the damping valve core to move towards the first direction, and the area of the flow opening is reduced; at low temperature, the thermal expansion object contracts, the damping valve core moves towards a second direction, the area of the flow opening is increased, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, the flow rate passing through the damping valve core is controlled by the slender hole, the flow rate is different under different pressure conditions, and the static pressure behind the valve is also reduced; the inner space is isolated into a fluid cavity and a damping cavity by the upper end cover component (11) of the inner cylinder, and the fluid cavity can adjust the internal volume of the damper under the action of the self-adaptive piston.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-adaptive temperature volume direct-acting damper for a helicopter skid.

Background

When the helicopter runs on the ground, the self-excited vibration generated by the coupling between the blade shimmy and the body vibration is also called ground resonance. When a helicopter running on the ground is disturbed by external force, the shimmy angles of all the blades around the shimmy axes are different, so that the total gravity center of the rotor wing deviates from the rotating gravity center, unbalanced centrifugal force is generated, the vibration of a machine body on an undercarriage is excited, the vibration of the machine body can react on the shimmy of all the blades in a support motion excitation mode, the two kinds of vibration are coupled and excited with each other to form diffusion vibration, the amplitude is increased, the machine body tends to be unstable, and finally serious accidents such as blade breakage and the like are caused. The main approach for avoiding ground resonance is to configure a reasonable damper, and since the helicopter has two vibration sources, namely a helicopter body and a rotor wing, and a helicopter body and an undercarriage, the two vibration sources can be configured with dampers, wherein the former is a rotor wing damper, and the latter is an undercarriage damper. The landing gear damper can avoid ground resonance and can also realize the buffering of the helicopter during landing. A damper is a device that provides resistance to motion and dissipates the energy of the motion. The energy dissipation device absorbs and converts mechanical energy of external vibration into internal energy of an internal working medium, and then performs energy dissipation through heat transfer. The product obtains gentle mechanical motion, promotes the quality and the life-span of product. The skid damper belongs to one of landing gear dampers and is installed between the skid landing gear and the helicopter body on two sides of the helicopter. When the skid damper absorbs the vibration energy of the body, the temperature of the internal oil rises sharply, the volume of the oil in the cavity is increased under the action of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the oil is forced to flow through the damping small holes, liquid molecules are extruded and rubbed with each other, external mechanical energy is converted into heat energy of the oil in the damper, and finally energy dissipation is carried out through heat exchange with the outside to generate damping force, so that the vibration between the body and the landing gear is restrained, and the ground resonance of the helicopter is restrained. The existing common dampers mainly include three types, namely a liquid damper, a gas damper and an electromagnetic damper, and the self-adaptive damper is a device which utilizes a novel intelligent material, namely MR fluid (magnetic fluid), as a working medium under the action of a magnetic field. The MR fluid is confined between the stationary magnetic poles and flows under the action of a pressure difference, the MR fluid is enclosed in a circular cylinder, a movable piston capable of generating a magnetic field is arranged in the cylinder, a certain gap is formed between the piston and the cylinder, and the MR fluid must flow through the gap (controllable magnetic field) when the piston and the cylinder move relatively. The adaptive damper employs a mixed mode, shear mode + flow mode. In the shear mode, relative motion (movement or rotation) exists between the two poles, so that the MR fluid is in a shear state, and the magnitude of relative motion resistance of the two poles is controlled by changing the magnetic field intensity. In squeeze mode, the two poles move in a direction nearly parallel to the magnetic field, and the MR fluid is in alternating tension, compression, and shear. The air type pulse damper is a sealed tank body, and directly compresses air in the tank by liquid to play a buffering effect. The traditional self-adaptive damper has the advantages of complex structure, large volume and high cost. Sealing, ease of injection of MR fluid, etc. are also contemplated. In the test process, the coil generates higher temperature when being electrified, about 70 ℃, the temperature can reach 100 ℃ when in work, and a cooling device is added in practical application. Meanwhile, the sealing problem of the damper and the compensation problem of the MR fluid are also considered further.

During the working period of the damper, the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity exist at the same time and all the time, and whether the oil liquid in the low-pressure cavity can be compensated in time has a large influence on the performance of the damper. In the design of the traditional air damper, a cylinder and a bypass channel are usually designed, the volume of the structure is increased, the biggest defect is that the air in the air damper can be gradually dissolved into a conveying medium, so that the compressible air is less and less, the buffering effect is reduced, the medium in the air damper needs to be emptied after the air damper is periodically detached from equipment, the internal space is ensured, and the maintenance is slightly troublesome in the use process. The existing damper has the following problems: the volume in the cavity is changed due to the fact that the piston of the single-rod structure moves in tension and compression; when the environmental temperature and the structural temperature change, the volume of the oil changes; when the movement speed is too fast, the oil is not supplemented in time by the low-pressure cavity. The hydraulic damper applied to the aerospace field requires small installation size, light weight, large damping force, high precision, strong environmental adaptability, stable performance and good weather resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the hydraulic direct-acting damper which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small volume, larger generated resistance, stable damping performance, adaptability to severe temperature change and wide application field, and aims to solve the problems of lack of temperature volume self-regulation, untimely oil supplement of a low-pressure cavity and the like in the prior hydraulic direct-acting damper technology.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: an adaptive temperature-volumetric direct acting damper comprising: the assembly is in the inner tube 12 in urceolus 5, seals at the urceolus end cover 15 of 5 right-hand member ports of urceolus, and the spiro union seals the barrel joint 1 that has the earring on the left end cover of 5 left ports of urceolus, joint bearing 2 that can be connected with the organism fast, piston rod assembly 10 and the tail-end rod 16 of the piston disjunctor that makes straight reciprocating motion in the fluid chamber through the bearing of urceolus end cover 15, its characterized in that: the inner side of the left end cover is provided with an adaptive spring 4 sealed in a hollow cavity of the adaptive piston 3, and a piston type damper which is integrated with a damping valve component 7, a safety valve component 8 and an inner cylinder plunger component 6 is arranged on the port of an inner cylinder 12 corresponding to the step hole end of the rear end fluid cavity of the necking down of the damping cavity of the adaptive piston 3; the piston rod assembly 10 is communicated with a fluid cavity of the inner cylinder 12 to do linear motion through the integrated damping through-flow assembly 9 on the connected piston to push fluid to be alternately stretched and compressed and circularly pushed in the fluid cavity, the piston rod 10 is inwards compressed, the fluid cavity at the left end of the connected piston is formed into a high-pressure cavity, the fluid cavity at the right end is formed into a low-pressure cavity, the change speed of the high-pressure cavity is higher than that of the low-pressure cavity, different volume changes of relative flow are generated between the left cavity and the right cavity under the action of pressure difference, and the fluid in the high-pressure cavity moves towards the left direction and the right direction under the action of high pressure. One part of fluid enters a low-pressure cavity through a damping through-flow assembly 9), a damping valve assembly 14 is opened for fluid compensation, the other part of fluid enters the damping cavity through a damping valve assembly 7 and a safety valve assembly 8, the low-pressure cavity is compensated by oil which flows through the damping through-flow assembly 9 and the damping valve assembly 14 and enters the low-pressure cavity, a piston rod stretches outwards to enlarge the volume, an adaptive piston 3 adjusts the movement of an inner cylinder plunger assembly 6 under the combined action of an adaptive spring 4 and the pressure of the damping cavity, a piston rod of a piston rod assembly 10 contracts and stretches to move linearly, the fluid is forced to flow through the damping valve assembly 7, the damping through-flow valve assembly 9 or an end cover damping valve assembly 14 to resist the through-flow of the fluid through a damping hole, damping force for resisting the movement of the piston rod assembly 10 is generated, the relative volume of a fluid cavity is changed in a self-adaptive manner, and the relative movement resistance of two sides of the conjoined piston is controlled, thereby realizing the resistance control of the self-adaptive damper.

The invention carries out the matching design of the self-adaptive spring according to the volume of oil in a cavity at normal temperature and the temperature of the oil during the working period of a damper, adopts the structure that the self-adaptive spring 4 sealed in the hollow cavity of the self-adaptive piston 3 is arranged at the inner side of a left end cover, the end opening of an inner cylinder 12 corresponding to the step hole end of the rear fluid cavity of the necking neck of the damping cavity of the self-adaptive piston 3 is provided with an inner cylinder lower end cover component 6 integrated with a damping valve component 7 and a safety valve component 8, the tail end of the inner cylinder 12 is provided with a damping valve component 14 tightly attached to an outer cylinder end cover 15 and integrated with a symmetrical piston rod component 10 rod body and an inner cylinder upper end cover component 11 of the safety valve component 13, the piston rod component 10 is communicated with the fluid cavity of the inner cylinder 12 to do linear motion through an integrated damping through-flow component 9 on a conjoined piston, and pushes the fluid to alternately stretch and compress and circularly push in the fluid cavity, and the invention is simple, compact, And the piston type damper with strong practicability is a structural form, fluid is sealed in the circular cylinder body, the piston can move in the cylinder body, the damping hole of the damping through-flow valve assembly 9 is formed between the piston and the cylinder body, and when the piston and the cylinder body move relatively, the fluid must flow through the damping hole. When the oil reaches the highest temperature, the self-adjustment of the volume in the cavity can be carried out on the basis of not obviously increasing the pressure of the oil in the outer cavity, and at the moment, the self-adaptive spring 4 is compressed and contracted. In addition, when the environment temperature is low and the temperature of the oil after energy conversion and absorption is also low, the adaptive spring 4 and the adaptive piston 3 can ensure that the oil in the outer cavity has enough pressure to open the damping valve 7 or the damping valve 13 and simultaneously adjust the volume in the cavity. The defects of complex structure, large volume and high cost in the prior art are avoided.

The invention is designed in a 'piston type' method, and in the process of moving the piston left and right, fluid in the oil cylinder flows through the damping hole of the piston damping vent valve assembly 9. By integrating the damping through-flow assembly 9 on the piston rod assembly 10, on one hand, the damping through-flow assembly 9 is connected with the damping assembly on the other side in the high-pressure cavity in parallel to generate damping force, on the other hand, liquid in the high-pressure cavity is enabled to directly enter the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly 9 to be compensated, meanwhile, the pressure of outer cavity oil is maintained through the self-adaptive spring 4 and the self-adaptive piston 3, the pressure is greater than the opening pressure of the damping valve on the side of the low-pressure cavity, the damping valve is opened, and the outer cavity oil enters to be compensated. The two modes simultaneously carry out oil compensation on the low-pressure cavity so as to ensure the stable performance of the damper. Meanwhile, the pressure of the outer cavity oil is maintained through the self-adaptive spring 4 and the self-adaptive piston 3, the pressure is greater than the opening pressure of the low-pressure cavity side damping valve, the damping valve is opened, and the outer cavity oil enters for compensation. The two modes simultaneously carry out oil compensation on the low-pressure cavity to ensure the stable performance of the damper, can control the resistance of the damper, change the traditional design method of a loop type and directly design the damper by a piston type method. The structure is simple and compact, the volume is small, and the generated resistance is larger. The occupied space of the damper is smaller than that of the existing damper, and the defects of complex structure, large volume and high cost of the existing product are avoided.

According to the piston type damper, the piston rod assembly 10 is communicated with the fluid cavity of the inner cylinder 12 to do linear motion through the integrated damping through-flow assembly 9 on the connected piston, and fluid is pushed to be alternately stretched and compressed and pushed circularly in the fluid cavity. When the oil reaches the highest temperature, the self-adjustment of the volume in the cavity can be carried out on the basis of not obviously increasing the pressure of the oil in the outer cavity, and at the moment, the self-adaptive spring 4 is compressed and contracted. In addition, when the environment temperature is low and the temperature of the oil after energy conversion and absorption is also low, the adaptive spring 4 and the adaptive piston 3 can ensure that the oil in the outer cavity has enough pressure to open the damping valve 7 or the damping valve 13 and simultaneously adjust the volume in the cavity. The defects of complex structure, large volume and high cost in the prior art are avoided.

The self-adjusting damper utilizes a self-adaptive piston structure with sealing integration to change the internal volume of the damper caused by the relative motion of the damping piston and the inner cylinder and the volume of oil caused by the drastic change of the environmental temperature and the structural temperature, so as to carry out self-adjustment of the volume in the cavity; meanwhile, a damping valve and a safety valve are integrated in the end cover of the inner cylinder, when the damping piston and the inner cylinder move relatively, the oil is driven to generate damping force through a small hole in the damping valve, and when the relative movement is too fast, the safety valve opens the unloading pressure. The device has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, easy maintenance, wide application field and the like. Fields of use include, but are not limited to, aviation, aerospace, rail transit, passenger vehicles, buildings, bridges, and the like, to provide damping forces to the system, to reduce or eliminate vibration and shock, and to enhance structural safety.

The self-adjusting damper utilizes a self-adaptive piston structure with sealing integration to change the internal volume of the damper caused by the relative motion of the damping piston and the inner cylinder and the volume of oil caused by the drastic change of the environmental temperature and the structural temperature, so as to carry out self-adjustment of the volume in the cavity; meanwhile, a damping valve and a safety valve are integrated in the end cover of the inner cylinder, when the damping piston and the inner cylinder move relatively, the oil is driven to generate damping force through a small hole in the damping valve, and when the relative movement is too fast, the safety valve opens the unloading pressure. The device has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, easy maintenance, wide application field and the like. Fields of use include, but are not limited to, aviation, aerospace, rail transit, passenger vehicles, buildings, bridges, and the like, to provide damping forces to the system, to reduce or eliminate vibration and shock, and to enhance structural safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the temperature volume adaptive damper of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the adaptive piston 3;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the inner barrel lower end cap assembly 6;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the damped vent assembly 9;

fig. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the inner cylinder upper end cap assembly 11.

In the figure: 1 cylinder joint, 2 oscillating bearings, 3 self-adaptive pistons, 4 self-adaptive springs, 5 outer cylinders, 6 inner cylinder lower end cover assemblies, 7 lower end cover damping valve assemblies, 8 lower end cover safety valve assemblies, 9 damping through-flow assemblies, 10 piston rod assemblies, 11 inner cylinder upper end cover assemblies, 12 inner cylinders, 13 upper end cover safety valve assemblies, 14 upper end cover damping valve assemblies, 15 outer cylinder end covers and 16 tail rods.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples, without thereby limiting the scope of the invention to the described examples. All such concepts are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure and the present invention.

Detailed Description

Refer to fig. 1 and 2. In an exemplary preferred embodiment described below, an adaptive temperature volume linear motion damper, comprising: the assembly is in the inner tube 12 in urceolus 5, seals at the urceolus end cover 15 of 5 right-hand member ports of urceolus, and the spiro union seals the barrel joint 1 that has the earring on the left end cover of 5 left ports of urceolus, joint bearing 2 that can be connected with the organism fast, piston rod assembly 10 and the tail-end rod 16 of the piston disjunctor that makes straight reciprocating motion in the fluid chamber through the bearing of urceolus end cover 15, its characterized in that: the inner side of the left end cover is provided with an adaptive spring 4 sealed in a hollow cavity of the adaptive piston 3, and a piston type damper which is integrated with a damping valve component 7, a safety valve component 8 and an inner cylinder plunger component 6 is arranged on the port of an inner cylinder 12 corresponding to the step hole end of the rear end fluid cavity of the necking down of the damping cavity of the adaptive piston 3; the piston rod assembly 10 is communicated with a fluid cavity of the inner cylinder 12 to do linear motion through the integrated damping through-flow assembly 9 on the connected piston to push fluid to be alternately stretched and compressed and circularly pushed in the fluid cavity, the piston rod 10 is inwards compressed, the fluid cavity at the left end of the connected piston is formed into a high-pressure cavity, the fluid cavity at the right end is formed into a low-pressure cavity, the change speed of the high-pressure cavity is higher than that of the low-pressure cavity, different volume changes of relative flow are generated between the left cavity and the right cavity under the action of pressure difference, and the fluid in the high-pressure cavity moves towards the left direction and the right direction under the action of high pressure. One part of fluid enters a low-pressure cavity through a damping through-flow assembly 9), a damping valve assembly 14 is opened for fluid compensation, the other part of fluid enters the damping cavity through a damping valve assembly 7 and a safety valve assembly 8, the low-pressure cavity is compensated by oil which flows through the damping through-flow assembly 9 and the damping valve assembly 14 and enters the low-pressure cavity, a piston rod stretches outwards to enlarge the volume, an adaptive piston 3 adjusts the movement of an inner cylinder plunger assembly 6 under the combined action of an adaptive spring 4 and the pressure of the damping cavity, a piston rod of a piston rod assembly 10 contracts and stretches to move linearly, the fluid is forced to flow through the damping valve assembly 7, the damping through-flow valve assembly 9 or an end cover damping valve assembly 14 to resist the through-flow of the fluid through a damping hole, damping force for resisting the movement of the piston rod assembly 10 is generated, the relative volume of a fluid cavity is changed in a self-adaptive manner, and the relative movement resistance of two sides of the conjoined piston is controlled, thereby realizing the resistance control of the self-adaptive damper.

The tail end of the inner cylinder 12 is provided with a damping valve component 14 tightly attached to an end cover 15 of the outer cylinder and integrated with a rod body of the symmetrical piston rod component 10 and an upper end cover component 11 of the inner cylinder of the safety valve component 13, the piston rod component 10 is communicated with a fluid cavity of the inner cylinder 12 through the integrated damping through-flow component 9 on the conjoined piston to do linear motion, and fluid is pushed to be alternately stretched and compressed in the fluid cavity to be circularly pushed.

In the process that the piston moves left and right, fluid between the piston and the cylinder body flows through a damping hole of the damping flow through valve assembly 9, when oil reaches the highest temperature, the self-adaptive spring 4 is compressed and contracted, the piston of the piston rod assembly 10 and the cylinder body move relatively, self-adjustment of the volume in the cavity is carried out on the basis that the external cavity oil pressure is not increased obviously, the self-adaptive spring 4 and the self-adaptive piston 3 have enough pressure to open the damping valve 7 or the damping valve 13, and meanwhile, the volume in the cavity is adjusted to absorb energy, so that the oil temperature is converted into low temperature, and the ambient temperature is reduced.

See fig. 3. The inner side of the left end cover is provided with a self-adaptive spring 4 sealed in a hollow cavity of the self-adaptive piston 3, a fluid cavity is arranged between the self-adaptive piston 3 and the lower end cover assembly 6 of the inner cylinder and communicated with the atmosphere through a through hole of the outer cylinder 5, and oil and air are separated through two combined seals.

The position of the self-adaptive piston 3 is determined by the position when the pressure of the self-adaptive spring 4 and the outer cavity oil hydraulic pressure are balanced, so that the self-adjustment of the inner volume of the damper is ensured on one hand, and the sufficient oil hydraulic pressure of the fluid cavity is ensured to open the low-pressure cavity damping valve and perform oil compensation on the other hand. When the temperature is as low as minus 50 ℃ and the piston rod assembly 10 is at the stretching limit position, the position of the adaptive piston 3 is close to the lower end cover assembly 6 of the inner cylinder, the oil pressure of the fluid cavity is larger than the opening pressure of the damping valve assembly 14, when the temperature is as high as 70 ℃ and the piston rod is at the compressing limit position, the position of the adaptive piston 3 is close to the cylinder joint 1, and the oil pressure of the fluid cavity is about 0.15 MPa.

The self-adaptive piston 3 is used for matching a self-adaptive spring according to the volume of oil in the cavity at normal temperature and the temperature of the oil in the working period of the damper, and sealing the fluid in the circular cylinder body.

The piston rod assembly 10 is connected with the damping assembly on the other side in the high-pressure cavity in parallel to generate damping force through the damping through-flow assembly 9 integrated on the piston rod assembly, liquid in the high-pressure cavity is enabled to directly enter the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly 9 to be compensated, meanwhile, the pressure of outer cavity oil liquid pressure greater than the opening pressure of the low-pressure cavity side damping valve is maintained through the self-adaptive spring 4 and the self-adaptive piston 3, the damping valve is opened, and outer cavity oil liquid enters the low-pressure cavity side damping valve to be compensated.

See fig. 4. The lower end cover assembly 6 of the inner cylinder is sealed at the lower port part of the inner cylinder 12 through a sealing ring, is embedded into an upper cylinder body on the end surface of the port, is embedded into an axial damping valve assembly 7 and a safety valve assembly 8 on the cylinder body, and a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are arranged on a shell of the damping valve assembly 7; the valve core of the damping valve is movably arranged in the containing cavity, a stepped opening used for containing a pre-tightening spring is arranged in the containing cavity, and a circulation opening communicated with the hydraulic oil inlet is formed between the damping valve core and the shell; at high temperature, the thermal expansion object is heated to expand to drive the damping valve core to move towards the first direction, and the area of the flow opening is reduced; at low temperatures, the thermal expansion material contracts and the damper valve element moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the flow velocity through the damper valve element decreases, i.e., the flow rate is controlled by small orifices, the flow velocity varies at different pressures, and the post-valve static pressure also decreases. The safety valve assembly 8 belongs to the automatic valve class, the opening and closing member is in a normally closed state under the action of external force, the control pressure does not exceed a specified value, and when the medium pressure rises to exceed the specified value, the special valve for preventing the internal medium pressure from exceeding the specified value is prevented by discharging the medium to the outside of the system. The inner space is separated into a fluid cavity and a damping cavity by the lower end cover component 6 of the inner cylinder, and the fluid cavity can adjust the internal volume of the damper under the action of the self-adaptive piston. The damping cavity is the working cavity of piston rod subassembly 10, and the damping cavity divide into high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber again under the motion of piston rod subassembly 10, and when the velocity of motion is lower, high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber communicate through damping through-flow assembly 9 on the one hand, and on the other hand communicate the low-pressure chamber through high-pressure chamber damping valve subassembly, and when the velocity of motion was faster, high-pressure chamber safety valve subassembly opened the release and participated in the through-flow. The specific working form is as follows: when the piston rod assembly 10 moves inwards, oil between the extrusion piston and the inner cylinder lower end cover assembly 6 forms a high-pressure cavity, meanwhile, oil between the piston rod assembly 10 and the inner cylinder upper end cover assembly 11 is stretched to form a low-pressure cavity, the aperture of a damping small hole in the damping through-flow assembly 9 is larger than that of a damping small hole in the damping valve assembly 7, most of the oil in the high-pressure cavity flows into the low-pressure cavity of the damping small hole through the damping through-flow assembly 9, a small part of the oil flows into the damping cavity through the damping valve assembly 7, insufficient oil in the low-pressure cavity is continuously compensated by the fluid cavity through the opened damping valve assembly (14), the oil in the process flows through the damping small hole to form damping force due to the viscosity of the fluid, when the movement speed is too fast, the oil in the high-pressure cavity cannot flow out, and the pressure of the high-pressure cavity is continuously increased.

In order to ensure the structural safety and control the magnitude of the damping force, a safety valve component 8 is arranged, when the pressure rises to the pressure capable of opening the safety valve, the safety valve is opened to promote the outflow of oil, and the increasing trend of the damping force is greatly reduced; on the contrary, when the piston moves outwards, the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity are exchanged, most of oil in the high-pressure cavity flows into the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly 9, a small part of oil flows into the fluid cavity through the damping valve assembly (14), insufficient oil in the low-pressure cavity is continuously compensated by the fluid cavity through the opened damping valve assembly (7) to form damping force, when the movement speed is too high, the oil in the high-pressure cavity flows out untimely, the pressure in the high-pressure cavity continues to rise, and for guaranteeing the structural safety and the control of the damping force, the safety valve assembly 13 is arranged, when the pressure rises to the pressure capable of opening the safety valve, the safety valve is opened to promote the outflow of the oil and greatly reduce the increasing trend of the damping force.

Refer to fig. 5 and 6. The aperture of the small damping holes in the damping through-flow assembly 9 assembled on the piston rod assembly 10 is larger than the small damping holes in the damping valve assembly 7 and the damping valve assembly 14, so that most of oil in the high-pressure cavity flows into the low-pressure cavity through the damping through-flow assembly 9, the timeliness of oil supplement of the low-pressure cavity is guaranteed, and the cavity of the low-pressure cavity is avoided.

The upper end cover assembly 11 of the inner cylinder is sealed at the upper end port of the inner cylinder 12 through a sealing ring, is embedded into an upper cylinder body on the end surface of an end port, is embedded into an axial damping valve assembly 14 and a safety valve assembly 13 on the cylinder body, and a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are arranged on a shell of the damping valve assembly 14; the valve core of the damping valve is movably arranged in the containing cavity, a stepped opening used for containing a pre-tightening spring is arranged in the containing cavity, and a circulation opening communicated with the hydraulic oil inlet is formed between the damping valve core and the shell; at high temperature, the thermal expansion object is heated to expand to drive the damping valve core to move towards the first direction, and the area of the flow opening is reduced; at low temperature, the thermal expansion object contracts, the damping valve core moves towards a second direction, the area of the flow opening is increased, wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction, the flow velocity passing through the damping valve core controls the flow rate by a small hole, the flow velocity is different under different pressures, and the static pressure after the valve is also reduced; the inner space is separated into a fluid cavity and a damping cavity by the upper end cover component 11 of the inner cylinder, and the fluid cavity can adjust the internal volume of the damper under the action of the self-adaptive piston.

The safety valve assembly 13 belongs to the automatic valve class, the opening and closing member is in a normally closed state under the action of external force, the control pressure does not exceed a specified value, and when the medium pressure rises to exceed the specified value, the special valve for preventing the internal medium pressure from exceeding the specified value is prevented by discharging the medium to the outside of the system.

The inner space is separated into a fluid cavity and a damping cavity by the upper end cover component 11 of the inner cylinder, and the fluid cavity can adjust the internal volume of the damper under the action of the self-adaptive piston. The damping cavity is the working cavity of piston rod subassembly 10, and the damping cavity divide into high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber again under the motion of piston rod subassembly 10, and when the velocity of motion is lower, high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber communicate through damping through-flow assembly 9 on the one hand, and on the other hand communicate the low-pressure chamber through high-pressure chamber damping valve subassembly, and when the velocity of motion was faster, high-pressure chamber safety valve subassembly opened the release and participated in the through-flow.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.