阅读说明：本技术 一种空气阻尼减振垫及复合阻尼减振器 (Air damping vibration attenuation pad and composite damping vibration absorber ) 是由 和振兴 翟婉明 石广田 包能能 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种空气阻尼减振垫及复合阻尼减振器,该空气阻尼减振垫具有足够的承载能力和耗能效果；阻尼介质为空气,压缩性较大,因此能承受较大位移,粘滞性随温度变化不大,性能稳定；主气室和辅气室体量小,且通过节流孔直接连通,压差传递速度快,可提高阻尼的有效频率范围；多个空气阻尼减振垫能够通过并联、串联等方式组合成复合空气阻尼减振垫,便于减振垫刚度和阻尼性能的调节,适用范围广；该空气阻尼减振垫整体弹性、阻尼利用率高,既能用于铁路、地铁等轨道交通减振,也能用于房屋、桥梁等大型构筑物的抗震减振,该空气阻尼减振垫结构简单,使用方便,便于推广。(The invention discloses an air damping vibration attenuation pad and a composite damping vibration absorber, wherein the air damping vibration attenuation pad has sufficient bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole, the differential pressure transfer speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the multiple air damping vibration attenuation pads can be combined into the composite air damping vibration attenuation pad in a parallel connection mode, a series connection mode and the like, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the application range is wide; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.)

1. An air damping vibration attenuation pad is characterized by comprising a type A, a type B, a type C or a type D;

the type A air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises an elastic structure layer (2), a plurality of main air chambers (21) arranged in an array mode are arranged in the elastic structure layer (2), the main air chambers (21) are communicated with the atmosphere through orifices (3), one surface of the elastic structure layer (2) is used for being connected with a first component, the other opposite surface of the elastic structure layer is used for being connected with a second component, and the orifices (3) are arranged on the elastic structure layer (2) or on the first component;

the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B comprises a hard structure layer (1) and an elastic structure layer (2) connected with the hard structure layer, wherein a plurality of main air chambers (21) arranged in an array are arranged in the elastic structure layer (2), a plurality of auxiliary air chambers (11) arranged in an array are arranged in the hard structure layer (1), the main air chambers (21) and the auxiliary air chambers (11) correspond to each other one by one and are communicated through orifices (3), the orifices (3) are arranged in the hard structure layer (1) or in the elastic structure layer (2), the hard structure layer (1) is used for connecting a first component, and the elastic structure layer (2) is used for connecting a second component;

the C-type air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises a hard structure layer (1) and two elastic structure layers (2) connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the hard structure layer respectively, wherein a plurality of main air chambers (21) arranged in an array mode are arranged in each elastic structure layer (2), a plurality of auxiliary air chambers (11) arranged in an array mode are arranged in the hard structure layer (1), the main air chambers (21) and the auxiliary air chambers (11) correspond to each other one by one and are communicated through throttling holes (3), the throttling holes (3) are arranged in the hard structure layer (1) or in the elastic structure layer (2), and the two elastic structure layers (2) are used for connecting a first component and a second component respectively;

the type D air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises an elastic structure layer (2) and two hard structure layers (1) connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic structure layer respectively, wherein a plurality of main air chambers (21) arranged in an array are arranged in the elastic structure layer (2), a plurality of auxiliary air chambers (11) arranged in an array are arranged in the hard structure layer (1), the main air chambers (21) and the auxiliary air chambers (11) correspond to each other one by one and are communicated through orifices (3), the orifices (3) are arranged in the hard structure layer (1) or in the elastic structure layer (2), and the hard structure layers (1) are respectively used for connecting a first component and a second component.

2. An air damping vibration-damping cushion according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a closed insulating layer (4);

in the air damping cushion of type a, the closed insulating layer (4) is connected between the elastic structural layer (2) and the first member, the closed insulating layer (4) being used to seal the main air chamber (21);

in the air damping cushion of type B, the closed insulating layer (4) is connected between the rigid structural layer (1) and the first member and/or between the elastic structural layer (2) and the second member, the closed insulating layer (4) is used for sealing the main air chamber (21) and/or the auxiliary air chamber (11);

in the air damping cushion of type C, the closed insulating layer (4) is connected between the elastic structural layer (2) adjacent to the first member and/or between the elastic structural layer (2) adjacent to the second member and the second member, the closed insulating layer (4) being used to seal the main air chamber (21);

in the air damping vibration damping pad of type D, the closed isolation layer (4) is connected between the hard structure layer (1) adjacent to the first member and/or between the hard structure layer (1) adjacent to the second member and the second member, and the closed isolation layer (4) is used for sealing the auxiliary air chamber (11).

3. The air damping cushion of claim 1,

in the air damping vibration damping pad of type a, the elastic structure layer (2) [ x1 ];

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, the hard structure layer (1) and the elastic structure layer (2) are bonded or vulcanized and connected, the hard structure layer (1) and the first component are bonded or vulcanized and connected, and the elastic structure layer (2) and the second component are bonded or vulcanized and connected;

in the C-type air damping vibration attenuation pad, the hard structure layer (1) and the elastic structure layer (2) are bonded or vulcanized and connected, and the elastic structure layer (2) is bonded or vulcanized and connected with the first component and the second component respectively;

in the D type air damping vibration attenuation pad, the hard structure layer (1) and the elastic structure layer (2) are bonded or vulcanized and connected, and the hard structure layer (1) is bonded or vulcanized and connected with the first component and the second component respectively.

4. The air damping cushion of claim 1,

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type A, the main air chamber (21) is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone or spindle-shaped cavity;

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, type C or type D, the main air chamber (21) is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone or spindle-shaped cavity, and the auxiliary air chamber (11) is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone or spindle-shaped cavity.

5. An air damping cushion according to claim 1, wherein the air damping cushion is a cylindrical cushion, a truncated cone cushion, a prismatic cushion or a truncated pyramid cushion.

6. The air damping cushion of claim 1,

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type A, type B, type C or type D, the elastic structure layer (2) is a rubber structural member;

in the B type, C type or D type air damping vibration attenuation pad, the hard structural layer (1) is a TPEE structural member.

7. An air damping vibration damping cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that in the air damping vibration damping cushion of type a, type B, type C or type D, a metal ring or a hard non-metal ring is embedded in the inner wall of the orifice hole (3).

8. An air damping cushion according to any of claims 1 to 7 wherein at least two of type A, type B, type C, type D are arranged laterally in parallel.

9. An air damped vibration damping cushion according to any of claims 1-7 wherein at least one of a type A, B, C, D is arranged longitudinally in series.

10. A composite damping shock absorber characterized by comprising two oppositely arranged structural plates (6), between said structural plates (6) there being provided at least one steel spring (5) and at least one air damping cushion as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vibration reduction, in particular to an air damping vibration reduction pad and a composite damping vibration reducer.

Background

The damping pad is widely used in daily life and engineering, and is generally made of high polymer elastic materials such as rubber and the like, and can adopt a groove type or frustum pyramid type structure and the like to enable the cushion plate to have proper elasticity. The damping effect of the damping pad is determined by the rigidity and the damping of the damping pad. The rigidity can be adjusted to a required reasonable value generally by changing the structural shape and the size of the base plate, but the damping of the existing damping pad is mainly determined by the characteristics of the material, and the overall elasticity and the damping utilization rate of the material are not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects that the damping of a vibration damping pad is mainly determined by the characteristics of a material, and the overall elasticity and the damping utilization rate of the material are not high in the prior art, and provides an air damping vibration damping pad and a composite damping vibration absorber.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an air damping vibration damping cushion comprises a type A, a type B, a type C or a type D;

the type A air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises an elastic structure layer, wherein a plurality of main air chambers arranged in an array mode are arranged in the elastic structure layer, the main air chambers are communicated with the atmosphere through throttling holes, one surface of the elastic structure layer is used for being connected with a first component, the other opposite surface of the elastic structure layer is used for being connected with a second component, and the throttling holes are arranged on the elastic structure layer or on the first component;

the type B air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises a hard structure layer and an elastic structure layer connected with the hard structure layer, wherein a plurality of main air chambers arranged in an array mode are arranged in the elastic structure layer, a plurality of auxiliary air chambers arranged in an array mode are arranged in the hard structure layer, the main air chambers and the auxiliary air chambers correspond to each other one by one and are communicated through orifices, the orifices are arranged in the hard structure layer or the elastic structure layer, the hard structure layer is used for connecting a first component, and the elastic structure layer is used for connecting a second component;

the C-type air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises a hard structure layer and two elastic structure layers respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the hard structure layer, wherein a plurality of main air chambers arranged in an array are arranged in each elastic structure layer, a plurality of auxiliary air chambers arranged in an array are arranged in the hard structure layer, the main air chambers and the auxiliary air chambers are in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated through orifices, the orifices are arranged in the hard structure layer or the elastic structure layer, and the two elastic structure layers are respectively used for connecting a first component and a second component;

the D type air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises an elastic structure layer and two hard structure layers connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic structure layer respectively, wherein a plurality of main air chambers arranged in an array are arranged in the elastic structure layer, a plurality of auxiliary air chambers arranged in an array are arranged in each hard structure layer, the main air chambers and the auxiliary air chambers correspond to each other one by one and are communicated through orifices, the orifices are arranged in the hard structure layers or in the elastic structure layers, and the two hard structure layers are used for connecting a first component and a second component respectively.

When the air damping vibration attenuation pad is subjected to a pressure (pulling) load, the deformation of the elastic structure layer is far larger than that of the hard structure layer, the elasticity of the air damping vibration attenuation pad is mainly provided by the elastic structure layer, so that the space reduction amount of the main air chamber is far larger than that of the auxiliary air chamber, the air pressure in the main air chamber is higher than that in the auxiliary air chamber, and the air in the main air chamber flows to the auxiliary air chamber or the atmosphere through the throttling hole; during unloading, as the space volume of the main air chamber is restored to the initial state, the air or the atmosphere in the auxiliary air chamber flows to the main air chamber through the throttling hole; vibration energy is consumed due to friction between air and the throttling hole wall, so that damping is provided for the air damping vibration attenuation pad.

When the orifice is arranged on the hard structure layer or the first component, namely the orifice is formed by the hard structure layer wall or the first component wall, when the elastic structure layer is elastically deformed, the aperture of the orifice is not changed, and the damping of the air damping vibration attenuation pad is not changed along with the magnitude of the dynamic load; when the throttling hole is arranged in the elastic structure layer, namely the throttling hole is formed by the elastic structure layer wall, when the elastic structure layer is elastically deformed, the aperture of the throttling hole is changed, the aperture of the throttling hole is reduced along with the increase of the load, and the damping nonlinear characteristic of the air damping vibration attenuation pad is enhanced along with the increase and decrease of the load.

The air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole, the differential pressure transfer speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the multiple air damping vibration attenuation pads can be combined into the composite air damping vibration attenuation pad in a parallel connection mode, a series connection mode and the like, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the application range is wide; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Preferably, in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type a, the main air chambers are arranged in an orthogonal array, a circular array or a quincunx array; in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, type C or type D, the main air chamber and/or the auxiliary air chamber are arranged in an orthogonal array, a circular array or a quincuncial array

Preferably, the air damping vibration attenuation pad further comprises a closed isolation layer;

in the air damping vibration damping pad of type a, the closed isolation layer is connected between the elastic structure layer and the first member, and the closed isolation layer is used for sealing the main air chamber;

in the air damping vibration damping pad of type B, the closed isolation layer is connected between the hard structural layer and the first member and/or between the elastic structural layer and the second member, and the closed isolation layer is used for sealing the main air chamber and/or the auxiliary air chamber;

in the air damping cushion of type C, the closed insulating layer is connected between the elastic structural layer adjacent to the first member and/or between the elastic structural layer adjacent to the second member and the second member, the closed insulating layer being for sealing the main air chamber;

in the air damping vibration damping pad of type D, the closed isolation layer is connected between the hard structural layer adjacent to the first member and/or between the hard structural layer adjacent to the second member and the second member, and the closed isolation layer is used for sealing the auxiliary air chamber.

The closed isolation layer is arranged to connect the hard structure layer or the elastic structure layer, slotted holes can be formed in the surface of the elastic structure layer and the surface of the hard structure layer, and the closed isolation layer is attached to the elastic structure layer and the hard structure layer to form the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber respectively, so that the air damping vibration attenuation pad is convenient to process and manufacture.

Preferably, the sealing and isolating layer is a TPEE (thermoplastic polyester elastomer) structural member or a rubber structural member.

Preferably, in the air damping vibration damping pad of type a, the elastic structure layer is bonded or vulcanized with the first member and the second member, respectively;

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, the hard structure layer is bonded or vulcanized with the elastic structure layer, the hard structure layer is bonded or vulcanized with the first component, and the elastic structure layer is bonded or vulcanized with the second component;

in the C-type air damping vibration attenuation pad, the hard structure layer and the elastic structure layer are bonded or vulcanized and connected, and the elastic structure layer is bonded or vulcanized and connected with the first component and the second component respectively;

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type D, the hard structure layer and the elastic structure layer are bonded or vulcanized and connected, and the hard structure layer is bonded or vulcanized and connected with the first component and the second component respectively.

Preferably, in the type a air damping vibration attenuation pad, the main air chamber is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone or spindle-shaped cavity;

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, type C or type D, the primary air chamber is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated conical or spindle-shaped cavity, and the secondary air chamber is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated conical or spindle-shaped cavity.

The volume of the cavity is determined according to the required vibration damping rigidity and damping performance.

Preferably, the volume of the primary air chamber is greater than the volume of the secondary air chamber.

Preferably, the air damping vibration-damping cushion is a cylindrical cushion, a truncated-cone-shaped cushion, a prismatic cushion or a truncated-cone-shaped cushion.

Preferably, in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type a, type B, type C or type D, the elastic structure layer is a rubber structural member;

in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type B, type C or type D, the hard structural layer is a TPEE structural member.

Preferably, in the air damping vibration attenuation pad of type a, type B, type C or type D, a metal ring is embedded in the inner wall of the throttle hole.

Preferably, at least two of the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A, the type B, the type C and the type D are transversely arranged in parallel;

namely, the air damping vibration attenuation pads of type A and type B are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A and the type C are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A and the type D are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of type B and type C are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type B and the type D are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or C-type and D-type air damping vibration attenuation pads are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A, the type B and the type C are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A, the type B and the type D are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A, the type C and the type D are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of type B, type C and type D are spliced and arranged in parallel;

or the air damping vibration attenuation pads of the type A, the type B, the type C and the type D are spliced and arranged in parallel.

Preferably, at least one of the air damping vibration attenuation pads of A type, B type, C type and D type is longitudinally arranged in series;

namely, at least two A-type air damping vibration attenuation pads are stacked and connected in series;

or at least two B-type air damping vibration attenuation pads are stacked and connected in series;

or at least two C-type air damping vibration attenuation pads are stacked and connected in series;

or at least two D-type air damping vibration attenuation pads are stacked and connected in series;

or at least one type A and at least one type B air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one A type and at least one C type air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one A type and at least one D type air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type B and at least one type C air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type B and at least one type D air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one C type and at least one D type air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type A, at least one type B and at least one type C air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type A, at least one type B and at least one type D air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one A type, at least one C type and at least one D type air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type B, at least one type C and at least one type D air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and serially arranged;

or at least one type A, at least one type B, at least one type C and at least one type D air damping vibration attenuation pad are stacked and arranged in series.

The invention also provides a composite damping vibration absorber which comprises two oppositely arranged structural plates, wherein at least one steel spring and at least one air damping vibration absorbing pad as described in any one of the above are arranged between the two structural plates.

According to the composite damping shock absorber, the composite damping shock absorber is formed by connecting the air damping shock absorbing pads and the steel springs in parallel, so that the problem of poor damping performance of the steel spring shock absorber is solved, the overall elasticity and damping utilization rate of the shock absorber are improved, and the composite damping shock absorber is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Preferably, a plurality of steel springs are arranged on the periphery of the air damping vibration attenuation pad.

Preferably, all of said steel springs are evenly distributed.

Preferably, the structural panel is a steel panel.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole, the differential pressure transfer speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the multiple air damping vibration attenuation pads can be combined into the composite air damping vibration attenuation pad in a parallel connection mode, a series connection mode and the like, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the application range is wide; the air damping vibration attenuation pad has high elasticity and high damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, and can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges;

2. according to the composite damping shock absorber, the composite damping shock absorber is formed by connecting the air damping shock absorbing pads and the steel springs in parallel, so that the problem of poor damping performance of the steel spring shock absorber is solved, the overall elasticity and damping utilization rate of the shock absorber are improved, and the composite damping shock absorber is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air damping vibration-damping cushion according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air damping vibration-damping cushion in embodiment 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air damping vibration damping shim of example 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air damping vibration damping shim of example 4;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air damping vibration damping shim of example 5;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air damping vibration damping shim as set forth in example 11;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an air damping vibration damping cushion according to embodiment 16;

FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing an air damping vibration damping cushion in embodiment 27;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing an air damping vibration damping cushion according to embodiment 28;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the composite damping shock absorber described in example 34.

The labels in the figure are: 1-hard structural layer, 11-auxiliary air chamber, 2-elastic structural layer, 21-main air chamber, 3-orifice, 4-sealing layer, 5-steel spring and 6-structural plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad comprises an elastic structure layer 2 and a closed isolation layer 4.

The elastic structure layer 2 is internally provided with a plurality of main air chambers 21 arranged in an array, the main air chambers 21 are communicated with the atmosphere through orifices 3, one surface of the elastic structure layer 2 is connected with the closed isolation layer 4, the closed isolation layer 4 is used for connecting a first component, the other opposite surface is used for connecting a second component, the orifices 3 are arranged on the elastic structure layer 2, the elastic structure layer 2 is respectively bonded or vulcanized with the closed isolation layer 4 and the second component, and the closed isolation layer 4 is bonded or vulcanized with the first component.

When the first component is a steel rail, the second component is a sleeper, when the first component is a sleeper, the second component is a ballast bed, when the first component is a ballast bed, the second component is a roadbed, when the first component is a floor structure, the second component is a foundation, and when the first component is a beam body, the second component is a pier.

The elastic structure layer 2 is a rubber structural member, the main air chamber 21 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, in this embodiment, the main air chamber 21 is preferably conical, the air damping vibration damping pad is a cylindrical pad, a truncated cone-shaped pad, a prismatic pad or a truncated pyramid-shaped pad, and in this embodiment, the air damping vibration damping pad is preferably a rectangular pad.

The elastic structure layer 2 is connected through the closed isolation layer 4, a groove hole can be formed in the surface of the elastic structure layer 2, the elastic structure layer 2 is attached to the closed isolation layer 4, the main air chamber 21 is formed, and therefore the air damping vibration attenuation pad is convenient to process and manufacture.

The air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole 3, the differential pressure transmission speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2, the air damping vibration attenuation pad of the present invention comprises a hard structure layer 1, an elastic structure layer 2 connected with the hard structure layer, and a closed isolation layer 4.

A plurality of main air chambers 21 arranged in an array are arranged in the elastic structure layer 2, a plurality of auxiliary air chambers 11 arranged in an array are arranged in the hard structure layer 1, the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are in one-to-one correspondence and communicated through an orifice 3, the orifice 3 is arranged in the hard structure layer 1, the hard structure layer 1 is connected with one closed isolating layer 4, the elastic structure layer 2 is connected with the other closed isolating layer 4, the closed isolating layer 4 is used for connecting a first component and a second component, the hard structural layer 1 and the elastic structural layer 2 are bonded or vulcanized, the hard structure layer 1 is bonded or vulcanized with the closed isolating layer 4, the elastic structure layer 2 is bonded or vulcanized with the closed isolating layer 4, the sealing and insulating layer 4 and the first and second components are respectively bonded or vulcanized.

When the first component is a steel rail, the second component is a sleeper, when the first component is a sleeper, the second component is a ballast bed, when the first component is a ballast bed, the second component is a roadbed, when the first component is a floor structure, the second component is a foundation, and when the first component is a beam body, the second component is a pier.

The rigid structure layer 1 is a TPEE structural member, the elastic structure layer 2 is a rubber structural member, the main air chamber 21 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, the auxiliary air chamber 11 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are both conical, the volume of the main air chamber 21 is larger than that of the auxiliary air chamber 11, the air damping vibration damping pad is a cylindrical pad, a truncated cone-shaped pad, a prismatic pad or a truncated pyramid-shaped pad, and in this embodiment, it is preferable that the air damping vibration damping pad is a rectangular pad.

The hard structure layer 1 or the elastic structure layer 2 is connected by arranging the closed isolation layer 4, slotted holes can be formed in the surface of the elastic structure layer 2 and the surface of the hard structure layer 1, the elastic structure layer 2 and the hard structure layer 1 are attached by the closed isolation layer 4 to form the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 respectively, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is convenient to process and manufacture, specifically, the closed isolation layer 4 is a TPEE structural member or a rubber structural member, and a metal ring or a hard non-metal ring is embedded in the inner wall of the throttling hole 3.

The air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole 3, the differential pressure transmission speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 3, the air damping vibration pad of the present invention comprises a hard structure layer 1, two elastic structure layers 2 respectively connected with the upper and lower surfaces of the hard structure layer, and a closed isolation layer 4.

Every be equipped with a plurality of in the elastic construction layer 2 and be the main air chamber 21 that the array set up, be equipped with a plurality of in the rigid construction layer 1 and be the auxiliary air chamber 11 that the array set up, main air chamber 21 with auxiliary air chamber 11 one-to-one just leads to through orifice 3, orifice 3 locates in the rigid construction layer 1, two elastic construction layer 2 connects one respectively seal isolation layer 4, seal isolation layer 4 is used for connecting first component and second component, rigid construction layer 1 with elastic construction layer 2 bonds or vulcanizes the connection, two elastic construction layer 2 respectively with correspond seal isolation layer 4 bonds or vulcanizes the connection, seal isolation layer 4 respectively with first component with the second component bonds or vulcanizes the connection.

When the first component is a steel rail, the second component is a sleeper, when the first component is a sleeper, the second component is a ballast bed, when the first component is a ballast bed, the second component is a roadbed, when the first component is a floor structure, the second component is a foundation, and when the first component is a beam body, the second component is a pier.

The hard structure layer 1 is a TPEE structure, the elastic structure layer 2 is a rubber structure, the main air chamber 21 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, the auxiliary air chamber 11 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, in this embodiment, the main air chamber 21 is preferably conical, the auxiliary air chamber 11 is spindle-shaped, for manufacturing convenience, the spindle-shaped auxiliary air chamber 11 can be formed by bonding two hard structure layers 1 with the conical auxiliary air chamber 11, the volume of the main air chamber 21 is larger than that of the auxiliary air chamber 11, the air damping vibration damping pad is a cylindrical pad, a circular truncated cone-shaped pad, a prismatic pad or a prismatic pad, and in this embodiment, the air damping vibration damping pad is preferably a rectangular pad.

The hard structure layer 1 or the elastic structure layer 2 is connected by arranging the closed isolation layer 4, slotted holes can be formed in the surface of the elastic structure layer 2 and the surface of the hard structure layer 1, the elastic structure layer 2 and the hard structure layer 1 are attached by the closed isolation layer 4 to form the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 respectively, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is convenient to process and manufacture, specifically, the closed isolation layer 4 is a TPEE structural member or a rubber structural member, and a metal ring or a hard non-metal ring is embedded in the inner wall of the throttling hole 3.

The air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole 3, the differential pressure transmission speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 4, the air damping vibration pad of the present invention comprises an elastic structure layer 2, two hard structure layers 1 respectively connected with the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic structure layer, and a closed isolation layer 4.

The elastic structure layer 2 is internally provided with a plurality of main air chambers 21 arranged in an array manner, each hard structure layer 1 is internally provided with a plurality of auxiliary air chambers 11 arranged in an array manner, the main air chambers 21 and the auxiliary air chambers 11 are in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated through orifices 3, the orifices 3 are arranged in the hard structure layers 1, two hard structure layers 1 are respectively connected with one closed isolating layer 4, the closed isolating layer 4 is used for connecting a first component and a second component, the hard structure layers 1 and the elastic structure layers 2 are bonded or vulcanized and connected, the two hard structure layers 1 are respectively bonded or vulcanized and connected with the corresponding closed isolating layers 4, and the closed isolating layers 4 are respectively bonded or vulcanized and connected with the first component and the second component.

When the first component is a steel rail, the second component is a sleeper, when the first component is a sleeper, the second component is a ballast bed, when the first component is a ballast bed, the second component is a roadbed, when the first component is a floor structure, the second component is a foundation, and when the first component is a beam body, the second component is a pier.

The hard structure layer 1 is a TPEE structure, the elastic structure layer 2 is a rubber structure, the main air chamber 21 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, the auxiliary air chamber 11 is a cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, conical, truncated cone-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity, in this embodiment, the auxiliary air chamber 11 is preferably conical, the main air chamber 21 is spindle-shaped, for manufacturing convenience, the spindle-shaped main air chamber 21 can be formed by bonding two elastic structure layers 2 having the conical main air chamber 21, the volume of the main air chamber 21 is larger than that of the auxiliary air chamber 11, the air damping vibration damping pad is a cylindrical pad, a truncated cone-shaped pad, a prismatic pad or a truncated pyramid-shaped pad, and in this embodiment, the air damping vibration damping pad is preferably a rectangular pad.

The hard structure layer 1 or the elastic structure layer 2 is connected by arranging the closed isolation layer 4, slotted holes can be formed in the surface of the elastic structure layer 2 and the surface of the hard structure layer 1, the elastic structure layer 2 and the hard structure layer 1 are attached by the closed isolation layer 4 to form the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 respectively, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is convenient to process and manufacture, specifically, the closed isolation layer 4 is a TPEE structural member or a rubber structural member, and a metal ring or a hard non-metal ring is embedded in the inner wall of the throttling hole 3.

The air damping vibration attenuation pad has enough bearing capacity and energy consumption effect; the damping medium is air, and the compressibility is large, so that the damping medium can bear large displacement, the viscosity is not changed greatly along with the temperature, and the performance is stable; the main air chamber 21 and the auxiliary air chamber 11 are small in volume and are directly communicated through the throttling hole 3, the differential pressure transmission speed is high, and the effective frequency range of damping can be improved; the air damping vibration attenuation pad is high in overall elasticity and damping utilization rate, can be used for vibration attenuation of rail transit such as railways and subways, can also be used for vibration attenuation of large structures such as houses and bridges, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 5, the air damping cushion according to the present invention is different from embodiment 2 in that the orifice 3 is provided in the elastic structure layer 2, that is, the orifice 3 is formed by the wall of the elastic structure layer 2, and when the elastic structure layer 2 is elastically deformed, the diameter of the orifice 3 is changed, and the diameter of the orifice 3 is reduced as the load is increased, so that the nonlinear characteristic of damping of the air damping cushion is enhanced as the load is increased and decreased.

Example 6

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2 are transversely spliced and parallelly arranged to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 7

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 3 are transversely spliced and parallelly arranged to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 8

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and parallelly arranged to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 9

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 3 are transversely spliced and parallelly arranged to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 10

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and parallelly arranged to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 11

As shown in fig. 6, according to the air damping vibration attenuation pad of the present invention, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, which facilitates adjustment of the rigidity and damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad, and has a wide application range.

Example 12

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 3 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 13

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 14

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 15

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 2, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in the embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 16

As shown in fig. 7, according to the air damping vibration attenuation pad of the present invention, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 2, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 3, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in embodiment 4 are transversely spliced and connected in parallel to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, which facilitates adjustment of the rigidity and damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad, and has a wide application range.

Example 17

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in the embodiment 1 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 18

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in embodiment 2 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 19

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in embodiment 3 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 20

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 21

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 2 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 22

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 23

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 1 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 24

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 25

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 2 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 26

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 27

As shown in fig. 8, according to the air damping vibration attenuation pad of the present invention, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 2, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 3 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, which facilitates the adjustment of the stiffness and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad, and has a wide application range.

Example 28

As shown in fig. 9, according to the air damping vibration attenuation pad of the present invention, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 2, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad described in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, which facilitates the adjustment of the stiffness and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad, and has a wide application range.

Example 29

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be adjusted conveniently, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 30

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 2, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be adjusted conveniently, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 31

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 1, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 2, the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 3 and the air damping vibration attenuation pad in at least one embodiment 4 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 32

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad disclosed by the invention, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in the embodiments 6 to 16 are stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the application range is wide.

Example 33

According to the air damping vibration attenuation pad, at least two air damping vibration attenuation pads in the embodiments 6 to 16 are stacked and connected in series, and at least one air damping vibration attenuation pad is stacked and connected in series to form a composite air damping vibration attenuation pad, so that the rigidity and the damping performance of the vibration attenuation pad can be conveniently adjusted, and the air damping vibration attenuation pad is wide in application range.

Example 34

As shown in fig. 10, the composite damping vibration absorber of the present invention includes two oppositely disposed structural plates 6, a plurality of steel springs 5 and at least one air damping vibration absorbing pad as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 33 are disposed between the two structural plates 6, specifically, all the steel springs 5 are uniformly distributed, and the structural plates 6 are steel plates.

One of the structural plates 6 is used for connecting a third member, the other structural plate 6 is used for connecting a fourth member, when the third member is a steel rail, the fourth member is a sleeper, when the third member is a sleeper, the fourth member is a ballast bed, when the third member is a ballast bed, the fourth member is a roadbed, when the third member is a floor structure, the fourth member is a foundation, when the third member is a beam body, the fourth member is a pier.

According to the composite damping shock absorber, the composite damping shock absorber is formed by connecting the air damping shock absorbing pads and the steel spring in parallel, so that the problem of poor damping performance of the steel spring-shock absorber is solved, the overall elasticity and damping utilization rate of the shock absorber are improved, and the composite damping shock absorber is simple in structure, convenient to use and convenient to popularize.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.