阅读说明：本技术 一种复杂空腔型材调直拉伸装置及方法 (Straightening and stretching device and method for complex cavity section bar ) 是由 丁幸宇 滕广标 阮涛涛 陈俭 高森田 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种复杂空腔型材调直拉伸装置,包括导轨、第一液压装置、主体构件、下压机构、旋转臂、第二液压装置、专用夹具和第三液压装置；所述第二液压装置设于所述主体构件上部,并与所述旋转臂连接；所述旋转臂与下压机构固定连接；所述下压机构的下方设有与之配合的夹持垫板；所述专用夹具与所述第三液压装置连接；所述专用夹具包括固定夹头组和活动夹头组；所述固定夹头组包括若干相互间隔预定距离设置的固定夹头。本发明实施例还公开了一种复杂空腔型材调直拉伸方法。使用上述装置或方法,能够通过所述专用夹具将铝材的连接筋夹持固定,夹持位置更加接近铝材的中心,能够对空腔型材进行有效的调直拉伸,且夹持部位变形量小。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a straightening and stretching device for a complex cavity section bar, which comprises a guide rail, a first hydraulic device, a main body component, a pressing mechanism, a rotating arm, a second hydraulic device, a special clamp and a third hydraulic device, wherein the guide rail is arranged on the main body component; the second hydraulic device is arranged on the upper part of the main body component and is connected with the rotating arm; the rotating arm is fixedly connected with the pressing mechanism; a clamping base plate matched with the pressing mechanism is arranged below the pressing mechanism; the special clamp is connected with the third hydraulic device; the special fixture comprises a fixed chuck group and a movable chuck group; the fixed chuck group comprises a plurality of fixed chucks which are arranged at a preset distance from each other. The embodiment of the invention also discloses a straightening and stretching method of the complex cavity sectional material. By using the device or the method, the connecting ribs of the aluminum material can be clamped and fixed through the special clamp, the clamping position is closer to the center of the aluminum material, the cavity section bar can be effectively straightened and stretched, and the deformation of the clamping position is small.)

1. A straightening and stretching device for a complex cavity section is characterized by comprising a guide rail, a first hydraulic device, a main body component, a pressing mechanism, a rotating arm, a second hydraulic device, a special clamp and a third hydraulic device;

the first hydraulic device is fixedly connected with a guide rail through a fixed support, the first hydraulic device is connected with the main body member, a pulley is arranged on the main body member, and the main body member can be driven by the first hydraulic device to move along the guide rail;

the second hydraulic device is arranged on the upper part of the main body component and is connected with the rotating arm;

the middle part of the main body component is provided with an accommodating groove, and the pressing mechanism is arranged in the accommodating groove and can swing up and down;

the rotating arm is fixedly connected with the pressing mechanism, and the second hydraulic device can drive the rotating arm to swing up and down so as to drive the pressing mechanism to swing up and down;

a clamping base plate matched with the pressing mechanism is arranged below the pressing mechanism, and the special clamp is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the clamping base plate;

the special clamp is connected with the third hydraulic device, and the third hydraulic device can drive the special clamp to move transversely;

the special fixture comprises a fixed chuck group and a movable chuck group;

the fixed chuck group comprises a plurality of fixed chucks which are arranged at a preset distance from each other;

the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group can be matched with each other to clamp and fix the connecting ribs in the cavity of the sectional material.

2. The complex cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable chuck group comprises a plurality of movable chucks, and the movable chuck and the fixed chuck respectively comprise two clamping claw sheets which are oppositely arranged at a predetermined distance from each other.

3. The complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fixed clamping head group and the movable clamping head group can be mutually matched, and the clamping and fixing of the connecting ribs in the cavity of the profile is that: the movable chuck group can move up and down in a horizontal moving mode, and the fixed chuck group which is fixedly arranged in a matched mode clamps and fixes the connecting ribs in the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group.

4. The complex cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the special fixture further comprises a connecting body, the connecting body comprises a disc part and connecting claws arranged on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the disc part; a hydraulic cavity and a piston are arranged in the connecting claw; the fixed chuck is arranged at the front end of the connecting claw, and the movable chuck is connected with the piston.

5. The complex cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism is connected with the main body member through a rotating shaft; the pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can rotate relative to the main body component; the rotating shaft penetrates through the main body component, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected with the rotating arm.

6. The complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the main body pressing mechanism is composed of a plurality of metal blocks, and the metal blocks are oppositely arranged at a predetermined distance from each other; the lower part of the metal block is provided with an oval cambered surface.

7. The complex cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic mechanism, the second hydraulic mechanism and the third hydraulic mechanism are hydraulic cylinders with different sizes.

8. The complex cavity profile straightening and stretching device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the oval arc surface and/or the clamping backing plate is provided with anti-slip stripes.

9. A straightening and drawing method of a complex cavity section bar, which is characterized in that the straightening and drawing device of the complex cavity section bar as claimed in claims 1-8 is used for shaping an aluminum material, and comprises the following steps:

(1) extruding the section by an extruder, passing through an online cooling system, interrupting by an interruption saw, then dragging by a tractor to reach an extrusion rear equipment material bed, and then transversely transmitting to a straightener to be straightened and stretched;

(2) when the cavity section bar is straightened and stretched for the first time, a third hydraulic device is independently controlled on a control operation panel of the straightening machine to enable a telescopic rod of the third hydraulic device to extend out, and the special clamp is arranged at the end part of the telescopic rod;

(3) the method comprises the following steps of accurately controlling the transmission displacement of a section bar to be positioned in the middle of a front straightener and a rear straightener, starting a second hydraulic device to drive a pressing mechanism, wherein the pressing mechanism moves in two steps; the profile is released by the pressing mechanism.

(4) And setting the stretching length according to the process, starting the first hydraulic device, and moving the main body member backwards to longitudinally stretch the profile.

(5) After the stretching is finished, the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group of the special fixture reset, the special fixture is separated from the inner cavity of the section bar, and the section bar is conveyed to the sawing position of the finished product by the material bed.

(6) And repeating the steps 3 to 5 to perform straightening and stretching of other profiles.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to a straightening and stretching device and method for a complex cavity section.

Background

In the aluminium processing industry, extruded products are of considerable importance and the most predominant method of production of aluminium alloy profiles is by extrusion. Extrusion refers to a plastic processing method in which an ingot blank contained in an extrusion cylinder is extruded out of a specific die hole or flows into a specific gap by using an extrusion rod to form, and common extrusion methods include forward extrusion, backward extrusion, lateral extrusion, continuous extrusion and other extrusion methods.

Extrusion of profiles, especially hollow-chamber profiles, is usually carried out by hot extrusion. The ingot blank is heated to a certain temperature, and passes through a specific mould at a certain speed under the action of an extrusion shaft, and then is assisted with a specific cooling mode and subsequent treatment to meet the use requirement. Wherein, the thin-wall section is mostly produced by extruding 6063 alloy.

In the material forming process, the section discharging usually has bending in different degrees due to the reasons of material wall thickness difference, a die, a traction mode, a cooling mode and the like. In order to ensure the usability of the product, the straightening process is indispensable.

In addition, internal stress of different degrees can be remained in a product structure due to cooling, the internal stress is usually eliminated by increasing the stretching amount and controlling the stretching amount to be 1-3%, so that more vacancies and dislocations appear in the alloy structure, and in the subsequent aging process, the dislocations with different signs are mutually offset due to the motion effect, so that the lattice distortion is eliminated. Since 80% of the internal stress is the third type of internal stress due to lattice distortion, the reduction of lattice distortion can effectively eliminate the internal stress. In the production process, in order to ensure the production efficiency and delivery efficiency, straightening and stretching are generally carried out synchronously.

In the traditional extrusion production process, a straightening machine or a stretching machine adopts a downward pressing type. The method is convenient for straightening and drawing the solid material or the section with large wall thickness. However, for the section bar with large cavity and higher planeness requirement, it is not suitable, because the downward pressure is larger, the clamping section is seriously deformed, and under the action of straightening force, the section bar is mostly concave in surface and can not be shaped. The problem is solved by adopting a mode of assembling a cushion block on a tool before straightening each section, manually disassembling the cushion block after stretching, assembling the section after stretching the lower support section, repeating the steps, and having complex operation and high labor intensity.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to solve the technical problems of complex operation and high labor intensity of the existing straightening and stretching equipment, and provides a straightening and stretching device and a straightening and stretching method for a complex cavity section.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a straightening and stretching device for a complex cavity profile, which includes a guide rail, a first hydraulic device, a main body member, a pressing mechanism, a rotating arm, a second hydraulic device, a special fixture, and a third hydraulic device; the first hydraulic device is fixedly connected with a guide rail through a fixed support, the first hydraulic device is connected with the main body member, a pulley is arranged on the main body member, and the main body member can be driven by the first hydraulic device to move along the guide rail; the second hydraulic device is arranged on the upper part of the main body component and is connected with the rotating arm; the middle part of the main body component is provided with an accommodating groove, and the pressing mechanism is arranged in the accommodating groove and can swing up and down; the rotating arm is fixedly connected with the pressing mechanism, and the second hydraulic device can drive the rotating arm to swing up and down so as to drive the pressing mechanism to swing up and down; a clamping base plate matched with the pressing mechanism is arranged below the pressing mechanism, and the special clamp is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the clamping base plate; the special clamp is connected with the third hydraulic device, and the third hydraulic device can drive the special clamp to move transversely; the special fixture comprises a fixed chuck group and a movable chuck group; the fixed chuck group comprises a plurality of fixed chucks which are arranged at a preset distance from each other; the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group can be matched with each other to clamp and fix the connecting ribs in the cavity of the sectional material.

As an improvement of the scheme, the movable chuck group comprises a plurality of movable chucks, and the movable chucks and the fixed chucks respectively comprise two clamping claw sheets which are oppositely arranged at intervals and have preset distances.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the fixed clip group and the movable clip group can be matched with each other, and the clamping and fixing of the connecting ribs in the cavity of the profile is as follows: the movable chuck group can move up and down in a horizontal moving mode, and the fixed chuck group which is fixedly arranged in a matched mode clamps and fixes the connecting ribs in the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the special fixture further comprises a connecting main body, wherein the connecting main body comprises a disc part and connecting claws arranged on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the disc part; a hydraulic cavity and a piston are arranged in the connecting claw; the fixed chuck is arranged at the front end of the connecting claw, and the movable chuck is connected with the piston.

As a modification of the above, the pressing mechanism is connected to the body member through a rotary shaft; the pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can rotate relative to the main body component; the rotating shaft penetrates through the main body component, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected with the rotating arm.

As an improvement of the scheme, the main body pressing mechanism consists of a plurality of metal blocks, and the metal blocks are oppositely arranged at intervals and with preset distances; the lower part of the metal block is provided with an oval cambered surface.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the first hydraulic mechanism, the second hydraulic mechanism and the third hydraulic mechanism are hydraulic cylinders with different sizes.

As an improvement of the scheme, the oval arc surface and/or the clamping base plate are/is provided with anti-skid stripes.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a straightening and stretching method of the complex cavity aluminum material, which comprises the following steps:

1. extruding the section by an extruder, passing through an online cooling system, interrupting by an interruption saw, then dragging by a tractor to reach an extrusion rear equipment material bed, and then transversely transmitting to a straightener to be straightened and stretched;

2. when the cavity section bar is straightened and stretched for the first time, the third hydraulic device is independently controlled on the control operation panel of the straightening machine to enable the telescopic rod of the third hydraulic device to extend out, the special fixture is arranged at the end part of the telescopic rod (designed and manufactured aiming at the produced section bar in advance), and the step is not required to be repeated in the subsequent straightening and stretching;

3. the method comprises the following steps of accurately controlling the transmission displacement of a section bar to be positioned in the middle of a front straightener and a rear straightener, starting a second hydraulic device to drive a pressing mechanism, wherein the pressing mechanism moves in two steps; the profile is released by the pressing mechanism.

4. And setting the stretching length according to the process, starting the first hydraulic device, and moving the main body member backwards to longitudinally stretch the profile.

5. After the stretching is finished, the fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group of the special fixture reset, the special fixture is separated from the inner cavity of the section bar, and the section bar is conveyed to the sawing position of the finished product by the material bed.

6. And repeating the steps 3 to 5 to perform straightening and stretching of other profiles.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

as the interior of large-section hollow-chamber profiles is often provided with connecting ribs which serve, on the one hand, to reinforce the surface of the hollow-chamber profile and, on the other hand, to serve as connecting points for the profile to other components. By using the method, the connecting ribs of the aluminum material are clamped and fixed by the special clamp, the clamping position is closer to the center of the aluminum material, the cavity section bar can be effectively straightened and stretched, and the deformation of the clamping part is small. After the device is used for straightening, the flatness requirement can be basically met after the head and tail waste materials are removed. The fixed chuck group and the movable chuck group of the special fixture are respectively composed of a plurality of fixed chucks and movable chucks which are arranged at preset intervals, gaps between the chucks are matched with connecting ribs, the connecting ribs of aluminum materials of different models can be matched, and the special fixture is wide in application range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a straightening and stretching device for a complex cavity profile of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing mechanism and a special fixture of the complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device of the invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a special fixture of the complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross section of the aluminum material to be straightened of the complicated cavity profile straightening and stretching device of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is only noted that the invention is intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein, including any reference to the drawings, as well as any other specific forms of embodiments of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a straightening and stretching device for a complex cavity profile according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a guide rail 1, a first hydraulic device 2, a main body member 3, a pressing mechanism 4, a rotating arm 5, a second hydraulic device 6, a special fixture 7, and a third hydraulic device 8; the first hydraulic device 2 is fixedly connected with a guide rail 1 through a fixed support 9, the first hydraulic device 2 is connected with the main body member 3, a pulley 10 is arranged on the main body member 3, and the main body member 3 can be driven by the first hydraulic device 2 to move along the guide rail 1; the second hydraulic device 6 is arranged at the upper part of the main body component 3 and is connected with the rotating arm 5; the middle part of the main body component 3 is provided with an accommodating groove 31, and the pressing mechanism 4 is arranged in the accommodating groove 31 and can swing up and down; the rotating arm 5 is fixedly connected with the pressing mechanism 4, and the second hydraulic device 6 can drive the rotating arm 5 to swing up and down so as to drive the pressing mechanism 4 to swing up and down; the lower part of the pressing mechanism 4 is provided with a clamping base plate 11 matched with the pressing mechanism, the special clamp 7 is arranged between the pressing mechanism 4 and the clamping base plate 11, the special clamp 7 is connected with the third hydraulic device 8, and the third hydraulic device 8 can drive the special clamp 7 to move transversely.

The special fixture 7 comprises a fixed clamp head group 71 and a movable clamp head group 72; the fixed chuck group 71 comprises a plurality of fixed chucks 711 arranged at a predetermined distance from each other; the movable chuck group 72 includes a plurality of movable chucks 721. The fixed chuck group 71 and the movable chuck group 72 can be matched with each other to clamp and fix the connecting ribs in the cavity of the section bar.

Since the interior of large-section hollow-chamber profiles is often designed with connecting ribs 14, said connecting ribs 14 serve on the one hand to stiffen the surface of the hollow-chamber profile and on the other hand to serve as connecting points for the profile to other components. By using the method, the connecting ribs 14 of the aluminum material are clamped and fixed by the special clamp 7, the clamping position is closer to the center of the aluminum material, the cavity section bar can be effectively straightened and stretched, and the deformation of the clamping position is small. After the device is used for straightening, the flatness requirement can be basically met after the head and tail waste materials are removed. The fixed chuck group 71 and the movable chuck group 72 of the special fixture 7 are respectively composed of a plurality of fixed chucks and movable chucks which are arranged at preset intervals, gaps between the chucks are matched with the connecting ribs 14, the connecting ribs 14 of aluminum materials of different types can be matched, and the application range is wide.

Preferably, the movable clamp 721 and the fixed clamp 711 each include two clamping jaw pieces 73 disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined distance.

Wherein, the fixed clip group 71 and the movable clip group 72 can be matched with each other, and the clamping and fixing of the connecting rib 14 in the cavity of the section bar means that: the movable chuck group 72 can move up and down, and the connecting ribs 14 in the fixed chuck group 71 and the movable chuck group 72 are clamped and fixed by the fixed chuck group 71 which is fixedly arranged in a matching manner. Through the mode of relative translation, can reliably centre gripping the splice bar 14 of aluminum product through the shearing force, the centre gripping is more firm.

Specifically, the special clamp 7 further includes a connecting body 74, and the connecting body 74 includes a circular disk portion 741 and connecting claws 742 provided on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the circular disk portion 741; a hydraulic cavity 743 and a piston 744 are arranged in the connecting claw 742; the fixed jaw 711 is disposed at a front end of the connection claw 742, and the movable jaw 721 is connected to the piston 744. The hydraulic cavity 743 can push the piston 744 to move up and down by introducing hydraulic oil, so as to drive the movable chuck group 72 connected with the piston to move up and down.

Wherein the pressing mechanism 4 is connected with the body member 3 through a rotating shaft 12; the pressing mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft 12, and the rotary shaft 12 is rotatable with respect to the body member 3. The rotary shaft 12 penetrates the main body member 3, and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the rotary arm 5. Since aluminum product production plants often have a high level of aluminum scrap, the scrap tends to fall into the various moving elements, impeding the movement of the various moving elements. The rotating arm 5 in the shape drives the pressing mechanism 4, the pressing mechanism 4 is stable in movement and not easily affected by debris, and the actual use requirement on the site is met.

Preferably, the pressing mechanism 4 is composed of a plurality of metal blocks 41, and the metal blocks 41 are oppositely arranged at a predetermined distance from each other; the lower part of the metal block 41 is provided with an oval arc surface 411. By adopting the structure, the spacing of the metal blocks 41 can avoid the sheet-shaped bulges possibly appearing on the surface of the aluminum material, so that the pressing mechanism 4 is clamped on the stressed surface of the aluminum material; in addition, the pressing mechanism 4 with the structure can increase the friction coefficient of the aluminum material, and the clamping is firmer.

Preferably, the first hydraulic means 2, the second hydraulic means 6 and the third hydraulic means 8 are hydraulic cylinders of different sizes.

Preferably, in order to increase the friction coefficient of the pressing mechanism 4 and/or the clamping mat 11, the oval arc surface 411 and/or the clamping mat 11 are provided with anti-slip stripes 13.

The specific embodiment of the invention also provides a straightening and stretching method for the complex cavity aluminum material, which comprises the following steps:

1. extruding the section by an extruder, passing through an online cooling system, interrupting by an interruption saw, then dragging by a tractor to reach an extrusion rear equipment material bed, and then transversely transmitting to a straightener to be straightened and stretched;

2. when the cavity section bar is straightened and stretched for the first time, the third hydraulic device 8 is independently controlled on the control operation panel of the straightening machine to enable the telescopic rod of the third hydraulic device to extend out, the special clamp 7 is arranged at the end part of the telescopic rod (designed and manufactured aiming at the produced section bar in advance), and the step is not required to be repeated in the subsequent straightening and stretching;

3. the profile is positioned in the middle of a front straightener and a rear straightener by accurately controlling the transmission displacement of the profile, a second hydraulic device 6 is started to drive a pressing mechanism 4, the pressing mechanism 4 moves in two steps, in the first step, an oval arc surface 411 of a metal block 41 of the pressing mechanism 4 is pressed down to the profile to enable the profile to be fixed, a third hydraulic device 8 is started to push a special clamp 7 into a cavity of the profile, in the second step, a movable clamp group 72 of the special clamp 7 moves up and down, and a connecting rib 14 in the fixed clamp group 71 and the movable clamp group 72 is clamped and fixed by matching with the fixedly arranged fixed clamp group 71 to clamp the profile; the profile is released by the hold-down mechanism 4.

4. And setting the stretching length according to the process, starting the first hydraulic device 2, and moving the main body component 3 backwards to stretch the profile longitudinally.

5. After the stretching is finished, the fixed chuck group 71 and the movable chuck group 72 of the special fixture 7 are reset, the special fixture 7 is separated from the inner cavity of the section bar, and the section bar is conveyed to the sawing position of the finished product by the material bed.

6. And repeating the steps 3 to 5 to perform straightening and stretching of other profiles.

Since the interior of large-section hollow-chamber profiles is often designed with connecting ribs 14, said connecting ribs 14 serve on the one hand to stiffen the surface of the hollow-chamber profile and on the other hand to serve as connecting points for the profile to other components. By using the method, the connecting ribs 14 of the aluminum material are clamped and fixed by the special clamp 7, the clamping position is closer to the center of the aluminum material, the cavity section bar can be effectively straightened and stretched, and the deformation of the clamping position is small. After the device is used for straightening, the flatness requirement can be basically met after the head and tail waste materials are removed. The fixed chuck group 71 and the movable chuck group 72 of the special fixture 7 are respectively composed of a plurality of fixed chucks and movable chucks which are arranged at preset intervals, gaps between the chucks are matched with the connecting ribs 14, the connecting ribs 14 of aluminum materials of different types can be matched, and the application range is wide.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.