阅读说明：本技术 一种分体式双向低频被动减振器 (Split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber ) 是由 段祥健 张博 丁洋 刘永 王丽娟 陈磊 陈时虎 刘永超 李昊宇 张佳琪 曹露 于 2021-02-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种分体式双向低频被动减振器,利用波纹弹簧与低刚度金属橡胶实现低频隔振,采用了横向减振与纵向减振的分体式结构设计,可以同时实现横向与纵向的减振需求,通过加装金属橡胶缓冲元件,满足了冲击工况下的缓冲需求。纵向减振结构与横向减振结构分开后可单独作为单向减振器使用,设计灵活,应用广泛,能满足不同的被减振物的结构形式以及减振需求。(The invention discloses a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper, which utilizes a corrugated spring and low-rigidity metal rubber to realize low-frequency vibration isolation, adopts a split type structural design of transverse vibration attenuation and longitudinal vibration attenuation, can simultaneously realize the requirements of transverse vibration attenuation and longitudinal vibration attenuation, and meets the requirements of buffering under the impact working condition by additionally arranging a metal rubber buffer element. The longitudinal vibration reduction structure and the transverse vibration reduction structure can be independently used as a one-way vibration reducer after being separated, the design is flexible, the application is wide, and the structural form and the vibration reduction requirement of different objects to be subjected to vibration reduction can be met.)

1. A split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper is characterized by comprising a transverse damping structure (2) placed on a plane; the annular buffer cushion (10) is fixed at the groove in the transverse vibration damping structure (2); the longitudinal vibration damping structure (1) is connected with the upper surface of the transverse vibration damping structure (2); circular vibration damping pads fixed at the upper end and the lower end in the longitudinal vibration damping structure (1); and a connection port (A) of the object to be damped, which is arranged on the upper end surface of the longitudinal damping structure (1).

2. Split type bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular cushion (10) is made of metal rubber.

3. Split type bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular cushion (8) is made of metal rubber.

4. The split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper are in threaded connection through a connecting shaft (13).

5. The split bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal damping structure (1) comprises: a longitudinal vibration damping base (19) in contact with the upper surface of the longitudinal vibration damping structure (1); a wave spring (18-1) inserted and mounted in a protruding portion of the longitudinal vibration damping mount (19); a sliding shaft (3) which is arranged at the upper end of the corrugated spring (18-1) and extends out of the longitudinal vibration damping base (19); a corrugated spring (18-2) inserted and installed on the sliding shaft (3) near the longitudinal vibration damping base (19); a pre-tightening end cover (4) which covers the upper surface of the longitudinal vibration reduction base (19) and is in threaded connection through a pre-tightening screw (5); and cushion pad fixing screws (9) for fixing the round cushion pad (8) are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the pre-tightening end cover (4) and in the longitudinal vibration reduction base (19).

6. The split bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the longitudinal damping structure (1) can be used alone in the following way: the vibration-damping object connecting port (A) is in threaded connection with a vibration-damping object; under the longitudinal low-frequency vibration, the base connecting port (B) is in threaded connection with the base; the sliding shaft (3) drives the corrugated spring (18) to vibrate, and the corrugated spring (18) has negative stiffness characteristic to attenuate low-frequency vibration; the sliding shaft (3) is contacted with the round buffer cushion (8) under the impact action, and the round buffer cushion (8) prevents hard collision under the impact load action.

7. The split bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse damping structure (2) comprises: an upper ball rolling disc (6) and a lower ball rolling disc (12) which are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the connecting shaft (13), and an annular buffer cushion (10) is fixed at the inner side grooves of the upper ball rolling disc (6) and the lower ball rolling disc (12); rolling balls (11) placed in corresponding circular grooves of the upper ball rolling disc (6) and the lower ball rolling disc (12); a platform connecting screw (7) used for connecting a lower ball rolling disc (12) of the upper ball rolling disc (6); the upper ball rolling disc (6) is provided with a low-frequency vibration damping pad (16), the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16) is arranged at the contact position of the upper ball rolling disc (6) and the connecting shaft (13) through a fixing ring (14) and a vibration damping pad fixing screw (15), and a protruding part at the upper end of the connecting shaft (13) is inserted into the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16).

8. Split type bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to claim 7, characterized in that the low frequency damping pad (16) is made of metal rubber.

9. The split bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transverse damping structure (2) can be used alone by the following method: the connection port (C) of the connecting shaft (13) is connected with an object to be isolated by screw threads, and the bases are connected through a rolling disc connection port (E) or a base connection port (F); under the action of transverse low-frequency vibration, the connecting shaft (13) drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16) to vibrate, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16) can play a role in damping the low-frequency vibration; when the shock absorber bears the transverse impact load, the connecting shaft (13) is in contact with the annular buffer cushion (10), and the annular buffer cushion (10) prevents hard collision under the action of the overlarge impact load.

10. A use method of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber is formed by installation;

(2) connecting the vibration-damped object at the vibration-damped object connecting port (A);

(3) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber realizes the functions of longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation, longitudinal buffering, transverse low-frequency shock absorption and transverse buffering.

11. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step (1) is realized by: the base connecting port (B) is in threaded connection with the transverse vibration reduction structure (2) through a structural connecting screw (17), and the connecting port C of the connecting shaft (13) is in threaded connection with the longitudinal vibration reduction structure (1) through the structural connecting screw (17).

12. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the connection manner in step (2) is a threaded connection.

13. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation in step (3) is realized by: the sliding shaft (3) drives the corrugated spring (18) to vibrate, and the corrugated spring (18) has negative stiffness characteristic and attenuates longitudinal low-frequency vibration.

14. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the longitudinal damping function in step (3) is realized by: the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber bears longitudinal load, the sliding shaft (3) is in contact with the circular buffer pad (8), and the circular buffer pad (8) plays a role in buffering and prevents rigid collision under the action of impact load.

15. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the transverse low-frequency damping in step (3) is realized by: the connecting shaft (13) drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16) to generate vibration, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad (16) damps transverse low-frequency vibration.

16. The use method of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper as claimed in claim 10, wherein the transverse damping function in step (3) is realized by: when the shock absorber bears a large transverse load, the connecting shaft (13) is in contact with the annular buffer cushion (10) to realize a transverse buffering function.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of vibration absorbers, and particularly relates to a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive vibration absorber.

Background

The violent vibration generated when the machine equipment is operated can not only cause the damage of the structure or components of the machine, the shortening of the service life, the reduction of the efficiency and other adverse effects, but also affect the surrounding precision instruments, thereby causing the abnormal work or reducing the sensitivity and the precision of the precision instruments. The noise generated by the vibration is also a great hazard to human health. Shock absorbers are a major component for preventing vibration hazards and have many applications in road transport, aircraft stability control, machining, and the like. The vibration damper can be divided into a passive type, a semi-active type and an active type according to a control method, wherein the passive type vibration damper is generally used at present due to the fact that the structure is relatively simple, the installation is convenient, and the passive type vibration damper is easy to integrate into mechanical equipment. The passive vibration absorber is arranged between the vibration source and the object to be damped, so that the object to be damped is not in direct contact with the vibration source, vibration is transmitted to the object to be damped through the vibration absorber, and the relative vibration displacement of the object to be damped is reduced by the vibration absorber through a rigidity adjusting and damping dissipating method, so that the object to be damped is kept stable. The traditional low-frequency passive damper only has a damping function, and a buffer device is required to be configured independently when the composite working condition of vibration and impact is met, namely a buffer and a damper are required to be configured.

The existing low-frequency vibration absorber generally performs vibration attenuation aiming at a single direction, namely, transverse vibration attenuation or longitudinal vibration attenuation is realized, and when the existing low-frequency vibration absorber faces transverse and longitudinal compound vibration, a plurality of vibration absorbers are required to be configured for simultaneous use; in the existing design scheme, the natural frequency of the shock absorber is mainly reduced by adopting the low-rigidity shock absorption element, but the bearing capacity of the low-rigidity shock absorption element is low, and the shock absorber can be damaged when accidental impact occurs. Therefore, a composite passive damper needs to be designed, a buffering element is added on the basis of realizing bidirectional damping, and the defects in the existing design are overcome.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper, which can simultaneously realize bidirectional low-frequency damping and buffering, utilizes a corrugated spring as a longitudinal damping element, and ensures that the corrugated spring does not generate tensile deformation or fall off from a sliding shaft in the vibration process by a method of symmetrical installation and pre-deformation application by utilizing an end cover. The ball roller platform is used for realizing the transverse movement of the vibration damper, and the metal rubber pad with lower relative density is used as a vibration damping element for realizing the transverse low-frequency vibration isolation function. Under the action of the impact working condition, the metal rubber pad with higher relative density is adopted as a buffer element, so that the buffer effect is ensured, and the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged by impact.

A split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber comprises a transverse shock absorbing structure placed on a plane; the annular buffer cushion is fixed at the groove in the transverse vibration damping structure; the longitudinal vibration damping structure is connected with the upper surface of the transverse vibration damping structure; circular vibration damping pads fixed at the upper end and the lower end in the longitudinal vibration damping structure; and the vibration damping object connecting port is arranged on the upper end surface of the longitudinal vibration damping structure.

Preferably, the annular cushion is made of metal rubber.

Preferably, the circular cushion is made of metal rubber.

Preferably, the upper part and the lower part of the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber are in threaded connection through a connecting shaft.

Preferably, the longitudinal vibration damping structure includes: the longitudinal vibration damping base is in contact with the upper surface of the transverse vibration damping structure; a wave spring inserted into and mounted on the protrusion portion of the longitudinal vibration-damping base; a sliding shaft which is arranged at the upper end of the corrugated spring and extends out of the longitudinal vibration damping base; a corrugated spring inserted into the sliding shaft and near the longitudinal vibration damping base; a pre-tightening end cover 4 which covers the upper surface of the longitudinal vibration-damping base and is in threaded connection through a pre-tightening screw; and cushion pad fixing screws for fixing the circular vibration damping pad are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the pre-tightening end cover and in the longitudinal vibration damping base.

Preferably, the longitudinal vibration damping structure can be used alone, and the use method thereof is as follows: connecting the vibration-damping object connecting port with the vibration-damping object by screw thread; under the longitudinal low-frequency vibration, a base connecting port is in threaded connection with the base; the sliding shaft drives the corrugated spring to vibrate, and the corrugated spring attenuates low-frequency vibration due to the negative stiffness characteristic; the sliding shaft contacts with the round cushion pad under the impact action, and the round cushion pad prevents the hard collision under the impact load action.

Preferably, the lateral vibration damping structure includes: the upper ball rolling disc and the lower ball rolling disc are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the connecting shaft, and the annular buffer cushion is fixed at the inner side grooves of the upper ball rolling disc and the lower ball rolling disc; rolling balls placed in corresponding circular grooves of the upper ball rolling disc and the lower ball rolling disc; the platform connecting screw is used for connecting the lower ball rolling disc of the upper ball rolling disc; the upper ball rolling disc is provided with a low-frequency vibration damping pad, the low-frequency vibration damping pad is installed at the contact position of the upper ball rolling disc and the connecting shaft through a fixing ring and a vibration damping pad fixing screw, and a protruding part at the upper end of the connecting shaft is inserted into the low-frequency vibration damping pad.

Preferably, the low frequency damping pad is made of metal rubber.

Preferably, the transverse vibration damping structure can be used alone, and the using method is as follows: the connecting shaft connecting port is in threaded connection with an object to be isolated, and the bases are connected through the rolling disc connecting port or the base connecting port; under the action of transverse low-frequency vibration, the connecting shaft drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad to vibrate, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad can play a role in damping the low-frequency vibration; when the shock absorber bears the transverse impact load, the connecting shaft is in contact with the annular buffer cushion, and the annular buffer cushion prevents hard collision under the action of excessive impact load.

A use method of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper comprises the following steps:

(1) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber is formed by installation;

(2) connecting the vibration-damped object at the vibration-damped object connecting port;

(3) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber realizes the functions of longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation, longitudinal buffering, transverse low-frequency shock absorption and transverse buffering.

Preferably, the step (1) is realized by the following steps: the base connector is in threaded connection with the transverse vibration damping structure through a structural connecting screw, and the connecting shaft connector is in threaded connection with the longitudinal vibration damping structure through a structural connecting screw.

Preferably, the connection mode in the step (2) adopts a threaded connection.

Preferably, the implementation method of the longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation in the step (3) is as follows: the sliding shaft drives the corrugated spring to vibrate, and the corrugated spring has negative rigidity characteristic and attenuates longitudinal low-frequency vibration.

Preferably, the implementation method of the longitudinal buffer function in step (3) is as follows: the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber bears longitudinal load, the sliding shaft is in contact with the circular buffer pad, and the circular buffer pad plays a role in buffering, so that rigid collision under the action of overlarge impact load is prevented.

Preferably, the implementation method of the transverse low-frequency vibration reduction in the step (3) is as follows: the connecting shaft drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad to vibrate, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad damps transverse low-frequency vibration.

Preferably, the implementation method of the lateral buffer function in step (3) is as follows: when the shock absorber bears a large transverse load, the connecting shaft is in contact with the annular cushion pad, and a transverse buffering function is realized.

The split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber disclosed by the invention realizes the requirements of transverse and longitudinal bidirectional shock absorption, simultaneously meets the buffering requirements under the impact working condition, and realizes the following beneficial effects:

(1) the split type structural design of transverse vibration reduction and longitudinal vibration reduction is adopted, so that the requirements of transverse vibration reduction and longitudinal vibration reduction can be met simultaneously;

(2) a metal rubber buffer element is additionally arranged, so that the buffer requirement under the impact working condition is met;

(3) the longitudinal vibration damping structure and the transverse vibration damping structure can be independently used as a one-way vibration damper after being separated, and the structure is flexible and has strong applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the split type bidirectional low frequency passive damper according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a longitudinal low-frequency passive damping mechanism according to the first embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lateral low-frequency passive damping mechanism according to the first embodiment.

The attached drawings are as follows:

1-longitudinal vibration-damping structure, 2-transverse vibration-damping structure, A-vibration-damped object connecting port, B-base connecting port, C-connecting shaft connecting port, 3-sliding shaft, 4-pre-tightening end cap, 5-pre-tightening screw, 6-upper ball platform, 7-platform connecting screw, D-structure section position, 8-round buffer pad, 9-buffer pad fixing screw, E-rolling disc connecting port, 10-annular buffer pad, 11-rolling ball, F-base connecting port, 12-lower ball platform, 13-connecting shaft, 14-fixing ring, 15-vibration-damping pad fixing screw, 16-low-frequency vibration-damping pad, 17-structure connecting screw, 18-1, 18-2-ripple spring, 19-longitudinal vibration damping base.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention without making creative efforts, shall fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Example one

The embodiment of the application discloses a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a transverse damping structure 2 placed on a plane; an annular cushion pad 10 fixed at a groove inside the transverse vibration damping structure 2; the longitudinal vibration damping structure 1 is connected with the upper surface of the transverse vibration damping structure 2; circular vibration damping pads fixed at the upper end and the lower end in the longitudinal vibration damping structure 1; and a connection port A for the object to be damped, which is arranged on the upper end surface of the longitudinal damping structure 1.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional structure of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive damper, which includes a sectional structure of a longitudinal damping structure 1 and a sectional structure of a transverse damping structure 2, wherein the longitudinal damping structure 1 and the transverse damping structure 2 are in threaded connection through a structural connection screw 17.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of a split bi-directional low frequency passive damper, wherein structural section D shows the sectional position of the structural section of FIG. 3.

After the longitudinal vibration reduction structure 1 and the transverse vibration reduction structure 2 are installed, a certain gap exists between the longitudinal vibration reduction structure and the transverse vibration reduction structure, and the longitudinal vibration reduction structure and the transverse vibration reduction structure do not have friction contact during transverse vibration.

The longitudinal vibration damping structure 1 includes: a longitudinal vibration damping base 19 in contact with the upper surface of the transverse vibration damping structure 1; a bellows spring 18-1 inserted into and mounted on a protruding portion of the longitudinal vibration damping mount 19; a sliding shaft 3 disposed at an upper end of the bellows spring 18-1 and extending from the longitudinal damping mount 19; a bellows spring 18-2 inserted and mounted on the sliding shaft 3 near the longitudinal vibration damping mount 19; a pre-tightening end cover 4 which covers the upper surface of the longitudinal vibration reduction base 19 and is in threaded connection through a pre-tightening screw 5; cushion pad fixing screws 9 for fixing the round cushion pad 8 are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the pre-tightening end cover 4 and in the longitudinal vibration damping base 19; the corrugated springs 18-1 and 18-2 are pre-pressed in the connection process, so that the sliding shaft 3 is always in contact with the corrugated springs 18 in the longitudinal vibration process, and a connecting member is not needed.

As an extension of the embodiment of the present application, the longitudinal vibration damping structure 1 can be used alone, as shown in fig. 4, and its use method is as follows:

(1) the vibration-damping object connecting port A is in threaded connection with a vibration-damping object;

(2) under the longitudinal low-frequency vibration, a base connecting port B is in threaded connection with the base;

(3) the sliding shaft 3 drives the corrugated spring 18 to vibrate, and the corrugated spring 18 has negative stiffness characteristic to attenuate low-frequency vibration; sliding shaft 3 contacts with circular blotter 8 under the impact, and circular blotter 8 prevents the rigid collision under the impact load effect.

The lateral vibration damping structure 2 includes: an upper ball rolling disc 6 and a lower ball rolling disc 12 which are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of a connecting shaft 13, and an annular buffer cushion 10 is fixed at the inner side grooves of the upper ball rolling disc 6 and the lower ball rolling disc 12; rolling balls 11 placed in corresponding circular grooves of the upper ball rolling disc 6 and the lower ball rolling disc 12; a platform connecting screw 7 for connecting the lower ball rolling disc 12 of the upper ball rolling disc 6; the upper ball rolling disc 6 is provided with a low-frequency damping pad 16, the low-frequency damping pad 16 is arranged at the contact position of the upper ball rolling disc 6 and the connecting shaft 13 through a fixing ring 14 and a damping pad fixing screw 15, and a protruding part at the upper end of the connecting shaft 13 is inserted into the low-frequency damping pad 16.

As an extension of the embodiment of the present application, the lateral vibration damping structure 2 can be used alone, as shown in fig. 5, and the use method thereof is as follows:

(1) the connecting shaft connecting port C is in threaded connection with an object to be isolated, and the bases are connected through the rolling disc connecting port E or the base connecting port F;

(2) under the action of transverse low-frequency vibration, the connecting shaft 13 drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad 16 to vibrate, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad 16 can play a role in damping the low-frequency vibration;

(3) when the shock absorber is subjected to a lateral impact load, the connecting shaft 13 is in contact with the annular cushion pad 10, and the annular cushion pad 10 prevents a hard collision under an excessive impact load.

The low-frequency vibration damping pad 16, the circular buffer pad 8 and the annular buffer pad 10 are all made of metal rubber, and compared with the traditional organic rubber material, the metal rubber material has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, difficult aging and longer service life.

The circular cushion pad 8 and the annular cushion pad 10 with higher rigidity are made of metal rubber with higher relative density, so that the circular cushion pad and the annular cushion pad can bear larger impact acting force and have good buffering performance.

The low-frequency vibration damping pad 16 with lower rigidity is made of metal rubber with lower relative density, so that the natural frequency of the low-frequency vibration damping pad is lower, the low-frequency vibration damping pad has good low-frequency vibration damping performance, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad can bear a certain degree of transverse acting force.

Example two

The embodiment of the application discloses a working method of a split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber is formed by installation;

(2) connecting the vibration-damped object at the vibration-damped object connecting port A;

(3) the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber realizes the functions of longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation, longitudinal buffering, transverse low-frequency shock absorption and transverse buffering.

In the step (1), the base connecting port B is in threaded connection with the transverse vibration reduction structure 2 through a structural connecting screw 17, and the connecting shaft connecting port C is in threaded connection with the longitudinal vibration reduction structure through the structural connecting screw 17.

In the step (2), the connection mode adopts threaded connection.

In the step (3), the implementation method of the longitudinal low-frequency vibration isolation comprises the following steps: the sliding shaft 3 drives the corrugated spring 18 to vibrate, and due to the negative stiffness characteristic of the corrugated spring, low-frequency vibration isolation of the vibration absorber in the longitudinal direction is achieved.

The implementation method of the longitudinal buffer function comprises the following steps: when the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber bears a large longitudinal load, the sliding shaft 3 is in contact with the circular cushion pad 8, so that a longitudinal buffering function is realized.

The method for realizing the transverse low-frequency vibration reduction comprises the following steps: the connecting shaft 13 drives the low-frequency vibration damping pad 16 to vibrate, and the low-frequency vibration damping pad 16 made of a low-density metal rubber pad is used for damping transverse low-frequency vibration.

The implementation method of the transverse buffer function comprises the following steps: when the split type bidirectional low-frequency passive shock absorber bears a large transverse load, the connecting shaft is in contact with the annular cushion pad, and a transverse buffering function is realized.