阅读说明：本技术 一种h形磁性复合流体抛光头 (H-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head ) 是由 姜晨 刘剑 张其聪 郝宇 刘壹 于 2021-03-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种h形磁性复合流体抛光头,包括：抛光头旋转轴,所述抛光头旋转轴上一端设置有电机连接段及与所述电机连接段相对一端上一体式连接有第一连接段与第二连接段；所述第一连接段上设置有径向充磁永磁铁固定套,所述径向充磁永磁铁固定套远离抛光头旋转轴的一端上放置有径向充磁永磁铁；所述第二连接段上设置有轴向充磁永磁铁固定套,所述轴向充磁永磁铁固定套远离抛光头旋转轴的一端上放置有轴向充磁永磁铁。根据本发明,抛光头带动抛光液中的磁性颗粒旋转,使其对工件内壁产生压力和微剪切力,实现工件内壁的材料去除,实现对复杂曲面工件的抛光。(The invention discloses an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head, which comprises: the polishing head comprises a polishing head rotating shaft, a polishing head rotating shaft and a polishing head rotating shaft, wherein one end of the polishing head rotating shaft is provided with a motor connecting section, and the end opposite to the motor connecting section is integrally connected with a first connecting section and a second connecting section; a radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is arranged on the first connecting section, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve; an axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is arranged on the second connecting section, and an axial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft, of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve. According to the invention, the polishing head drives the magnetic particles in the polishing solution to rotate, so that the magnetic particles generate pressure and micro-shearing force on the inner wall of the workpiece, the material on the inner wall of the workpiece is removed, and the polishing of the workpiece with the complex curved surface is realized.)

1. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head, comprising:

a polishing head rotating shaft (3), wherein one end of the polishing head rotating shaft (3) is provided with a motor connecting section, and one end opposite to the motor connecting section is integrally connected with a first connecting section and a second connecting section;

a radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (4) is arranged on the first connecting section, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5) is arranged at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft (3), of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (4);

an axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (2) is arranged on the second connecting section, and an axial magnetizing permanent magnet (1) is placed at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft (3), of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (2).

2. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radial magnetizing permanent magnet retaining sleeve (4) has a first connecting slot formed at one end and a second connecting slot formed at the other end, the first connecting slot having a first connecting section connected thereto, and the second connecting slot having the radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5) disposed therein.

3. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial magnetization permanent magnet retaining sleeve (2) has a third connecting groove formed at one end thereof and a fourth connecting groove formed at the other end thereof, the third connecting groove having a second connecting section connected thereto, and the fourth connecting groove having the axial magnetization permanent magnet (1) disposed therein.

4. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head as claimed in claim 2, wherein the end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5) remote from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet holding sleeve (4) extends out of the end face of the second connecting groove.

5. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head as claimed in claim 3, wherein the end face of the end of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet (1) far away from the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (2) is flush with the end face of the fourth connecting groove.

6. The H-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to claim 1, wherein the radial magnetizing permanent magnet holding sleeve (4) and the axial magnetizing permanent magnet holding sleeve (2) are parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other, and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet holding sleeve (4), the axial magnetizing permanent magnet holding sleeve (2) and the polishing head rotating shaft (3) form an H-shaped structure.

7. The h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein an arbitrary-shaped magnetic medium analysis model is established, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet (1) model is substituted into a formula to be solved and analyzed, and by decomposing the coupling tensor, the arrangement of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet (1) and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5) is subjected to magnetic field superposition by using the superposition principle and is converted into a plane to be subjected to two-dimensional calculation.

8. An h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic field strength is obtained by the following equation:

wherein R and R' are the bottom diameters of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet (1) and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5), and n₁、n₂、n₃、n₄And h are the placement positions of the magnets respectively.

9. The h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to claim 1, wherein a workpiece (7) is connected to one end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet (5) away from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve (4), a clamp (8) is clamped on the workpiece (7), a worktable (9) is fixed on the clamp (8), and the motor connecting section of the polishing head rotating shaft (3) is fixedly connected with the motor spindle through a three-grip chuck.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of polishing heads, in particular to an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head.

Background

The complex curved surface part is widely applied to high and new industries such as optics, aerospace, new energy technology and the like. With the rapid development of the technical level in the related field, the requirements on the surface quality and the surface shape precision of the complex curved surface parts are higher and higher, so that the research on a high-efficiency high-precision complex curved surface part processing method has important significance. The magnetic composite fluid polishing is a novel ultra-precision processing technology, the rheological property of the magnetic composite fluid polishing solution between a polishing head and the surface of a workpiece is changed through a magnetic field to form a Bingham fluid which can be fully contacted with the workpiece, larger shearing stress is generated in a contact area to remove the surface material of the workpiece, the subsurface damage and deformation of the material can not be generated, and the extremely high surface quality is obtained. The existing complex curved surface finishing technical means has poor implementation and low efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head, wherein the polishing head drives the magnetic particles in the polishing solution to rotate, so that the magnetic particles generate pressure and micro-shearing force on the inner wall of a workpiece, the material on the inner wall of the workpiece is removed, and the polishing of the workpiece with the complex curved surface is realized. To achieve the above objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head, comprising:

the polishing head comprises a polishing head rotating shaft, a polishing head rotating shaft and a polishing head rotating shaft, wherein one end of the polishing head rotating shaft is provided with a motor connecting section, and the end opposite to the motor connecting section is integrally connected with a first connecting section and a second connecting section;

a radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is arranged on the first connecting section, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve;

an axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is arranged on the second connecting section, and an axial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed at one end, away from the polishing head rotating shaft, of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve.

Preferably, a first connecting groove is formed in one end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, a second connecting groove is formed in the other end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, a first connecting section is connected to the first connecting groove, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed in the second connecting groove.

Preferably, one end of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is provided with a third connecting groove, the other end of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is provided with a fourth connecting groove, the third connecting groove is connected with a second connecting section, and an axial magnetizing permanent magnet is placed in the fourth connecting groove.

Preferably, one end, far away from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet extends out of the end face of the second connecting groove.

Preferably, the end face of one end, far away from the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet is flush with the end face of the fourth connecting groove.

Preferably, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve and the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve) and the polishing head rotating shaft form an H-shaped structure.

Preferably, a magnetic medium analysis model in any shape is established, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet model is substituted into a formula to be solved and analyzed, the arrangement of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is subjected to magnetic field superposition by decomposing a coupling tensor and utilizing a superposition principle, and the arrangement is converted into a plane to be subjected to two-dimensional calculation.

Preferably, the magnetic field strength is obtained by the following formula:

wherein R and R' are bottoms of axial magnetizing permanent magnet and radial magnetizing permanent magnetDiameter, n₁、n₂、n₃、n₄And h are the placement positions of the magnets respectively.

Preferably, one end, far away from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is connected with a workpiece, the workpiece is connected with a clamp in a clamping mode, the clamp is fixed with a workbench, and a motor connecting section of a polishing head rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a motor spindle through a three-claw chuck.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the polishing head rotates under the action of the motor to form an annular magnetic field required during polishing. The magnetic composite fluid polishing solution can form Bingham fluid with magnetic clusters under the action of an annular magnetic field, abrasive particles in the Bingham fluid are adsorbed to a processing surface under the action of the magnetic field, pressure and shearing force are increased, the abrasive particles can be fully contacted with a curved surface, and then the abrasive particles and the curved surface move relatively along with the rotation of the polishing head, so that the curved surface can be polished, and the contact area of the polishing head and a complex curved surface is increased and the polishing effect is improved through the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic half-section view of an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a half-section of an operating condition of an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spatial magnetic field calculation for the working state of an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the axial magnetization permanent magnet placed in a coordinate system for the operational status of the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional axial and radial magnetized permanent magnets placed in a coordinate system for the operational status of an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional axial magnetizing permanent magnet and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet in the coordinate system in the working state of the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, an h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head comprises: a polishing head rotating shaft 3, wherein a motor connecting section is arranged at one end of the polishing head rotating shaft 3, and a first connecting section and a second connecting section are integrally connected with one end of the polishing head rotating shaft opposite to the motor connecting section; a radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4 is arranged on the first connecting section, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 is arranged at one end, far away from the polishing head rotating shaft 3, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4; the polishing machine is characterized in that an axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2 is arranged on the second connecting section, an axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 is placed at one end, away from a polishing head rotating shaft 3, of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2, wherein the polishing head rotating shaft 3 is connected with a motor, when the motor is electrified, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 performs autorotation motion, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 performs circumferential rotation motion around the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5, magnetic composite fluid polishing liquid rotates along with the radial magnetizing permanent magnet under the action of a magnetic field, pressure and micro-shearing force are increased, and therefore polishing of complex curved surfaces is achieved.

Furthermore, one end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4 is provided with a first connecting groove, the other end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is provided with a second connecting groove, the first connecting groove is connected with a first connecting section, and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 is placed in the second connecting groove.

Furthermore, one end of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2 is provided with a third connecting groove, the other end of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve is provided with a fourth connecting groove, a second connecting section is connected in the third connecting groove, and an axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 is placed in the fourth connecting groove.

Furthermore, one end of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5, which is far away from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4, extends out of the end surface of the second connecting groove.

Furthermore, the end face of one end, away from the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2, of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 is flush with the end face of the fourth connecting groove.

Further, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4 and the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2 are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 2 and the polishing head rotating shaft 3 form an H-shaped structure.

Further, a magnetic medium analysis model in any shape is established, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 model is substituted into a formula to be solved and analyzed, magnetic field superposition is carried out on the arrangement of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 by decomposing a coupling tensor and utilizing a superposition principle, and the arrangement is converted into a plane to be subjected to two-dimensional calculation.

Furthermore, the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head controls the uniform magnetic field by setting parameters and placement parameters of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet. Firstly, establishing a magnetic medium analysis model with any shape, and substituting a formula into the axial magnetizing permanent magnet model to solve and analyze. And then decomposing the coupling tensor, and then performing magnetic field superposition on the arrangement of the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 by using a superposition principle. And converted to the yz plane for two-dimensional calculation. And finally, taking a complex curved surface workpiece as a specific processing object, substituting the size and the placing parameters of the magnet, superposing to obtain the magnetic field intensity in the y direction and the z direction, and obtaining the magnetic field intensity through the following formula:

wherein R and R' are axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 and radial magnetizingBase diameter, n, of the magneto-permanent magnet 5₁、n₂、n₃、n₄H is the placing position of the magnet, and the magnet bottom diameter R, R' and the placing position parameter n are determined according to the formula₁、n₂、n₃、n₄And h. And adjusting parameters of the polishing head according to workpieces with different complex curved surfaces to obtain controllable uniform intensity distribution of the magnetic field, thereby realizing polishing.

The polishing head rotates under the action of the motor to form an annular magnetic field required during polishing. The magnetic composite fluid polishing solution can form Bingham fluid with magnetic clusters under the action of an annular magnetic field, abrasive particles in the Bingham fluid are adsorbed to a processing surface under the action of the magnetic field, pressure and shearing force are increased, the abrasive particles can be fully contacted with a curved surface, and then the abrasive particles and the curved surface move relatively along with the rotation of the polishing head, so that the curved surface can be polished.

Further, one end, far away from the radial magnetizing permanent magnet fixing sleeve 4, of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 is connected with a workpiece 7, the workpiece 7 is connected with a clamp 8 in a clamping mode, the clamp 8 is fixed with a workbench 9, and a motor connecting section of the polishing head rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected with a motor spindle through a three-claw chuck. During polishing, a workpiece 7 to be polished is fixed on a tool seat 9 through a clamp 8, the distance between the workpiece 7 and the h-shaped magnetic composite fluid polishing head can be realized by adjusting the height of the tool seat in the z direction, and the polishing head can be adjusted to adapt to different workpieces. The polishing head rotating shaft 3 rotates at a certain rotating speed, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 in the polishing head is driven to rotate, and meanwhile, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet 1 rotates circumferentially around the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 5 to generate an annular magnetic field. The magnetic composite fluid polishing solution 6 can form a magnetic cluster under the action of an annular magnetic field, abrasive particles in the magnetic cluster move relative to the polishing surface of the part 7 along with the flow of the magnetic cluster, and the abrasive particles can generate pressure and micro-shearing force on the workpiece under the action of the magnetic field, so that the material on the surface of the workpiece 7 is removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of spatial magnetic field calculation, which is regarded as a magnetized hard magnetic medium. Because the polishing head designed at this time only needs to calculate the magnetization intensity generated by the area outside the magnet, and the small magnet used is uniformly magnetized. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the small magnet of V derived from the molecular current formula in space is:

wherein μ is a vacuum permeability, M is the magnetization of the magnet, | l-l '| [ (x-x')²+(y-y')²+(z-z')²]^1/2And Q is the coupling tensor.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the axial magnetization permanent magnet disposed in the coordinate system, since the magnet is uniformly magnetized in the axial direction, according to the magnetization current theory, it can be derived from equation (1):

wherein:

since the permanent magnet is a cylindrical structure and its arrangement in space is shown in fig. 4, nine components of the cylindrical magnet can be calculated according to equation 3. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity generated in the space by the permanent magnet with the volume V' is as follows:

B_x＝Q_xxM_x+Q_xyM_y+Q_xzM_z (4)

B_y＝Q_yxM_x+Q_yyM_y+Q_yzM_z (5)

B_z＝Q_zxM_x+Q_zyM_y+Q_zzM_z (6)

the above is an analysis of the magnetic field of the axially magnetized magnet, and the following applies the principle of superposition to analyze the arrangement as shown in fig. 5.

As shown in fig. 5, the magnet structure layout of this design is shown, the volume of the upper cylindrical magnet is V, and the magnetization vector is M. The volume of the lower cylindrical magnet block is V ', and the magnetization vector is M'. The formula (4) to (6) can be used to obtain the following compounds by the principle of superposition:

as shown in FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of the invention in which two-dimensional axial and radial magnetized permanent magnets are placed in a coordinate system, because we only care about the magnetic field near the Z-axis, and a > R, the three-dimensional model can be converted to two-dimensional for calculation. n is₁＝0,n₂＝a，n₄＝n₃+ a, so (4) - (6) can be simplified as:

B_y＝Q_yyM_y+Q_yzM_z (10)

B_z＝Q_zyM_y+Q_zzM_z (11)

since ∑ B ═ 0, only B was calculated_yThen B can be calculated_z。

The formula for a two-dimensional planar magnetic field is:

so that the magnetic field strength at any point in the plane is

Wherein R is the radius of the bottom surface of the radial magnetizing magnet, h is the half-distance between the two magnets, and R' is the radius of the bottom surface of the axial magnetizing magnet. a is the length of the magnet, n₁、n₂、n₃、n₄Respectively the coordinates of the magnet in a two-dimensional coordinate system. By varying the parameters R, R', n₁、n₂、n₃、n₄And h, the desired magnetic field distribution can be obtained, and the strength of the magnetic field in the space is increased, so that the polishing of the complex curved surface is realized.

The number of devices and the scale of the processes described herein are intended to simplify the description of the invention, and applications, modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.