阅读说明：本技术 一种小型电动汽车用两换热器热泵空调系统 (Two heat exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for small-size electric automobile ) 是由 穆文杰 杨忠诚 刘旭阳 苏林 李康 方奕栋 盛雷 于 2021-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种小型电动汽车用两换热器热泵空调系统,包括：室内换热器、与所述室内换热器进出口端连接的热力膨胀阀、与所述热力膨胀阀串联的单向阀、与所述单向阀并联的电子膨胀阀及与所述电子膨胀阀及单向阀一并联端串联的室外换热器；所述室外换热器的一端串联有电磁阀组,所述电磁阀组一端上并联有压缩机及与所述压缩机串联的气液分离器,且所述电磁阀组另一端上串联有热力膨胀阀；该空调系统通过所述电磁阀组、热力膨胀阀、电子膨胀阀及单向阀的切断来切换空调模式或热泵模式。根据本发明,解决了两换热器热泵空调系统中制冷剂流向和换热器数量不足的问题,提高了室内外换热器的利用效率,结构简单,高效节能,稳定性好。(The invention discloses a heat pump air-conditioning system with two heat exchangers for a small electric vehicle, which comprises: the indoor heat exchanger, the thermostatic expansion valve connected with the inlet and outlet ends of the indoor heat exchanger, the one-way valve connected with the thermostatic expansion valve in series, the electronic expansion valve connected with the one-way valve in parallel and the outdoor heat exchanger connected with the electronic expansion valve and the one-way valve in parallel and connected with the one-way valve in series; one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected in series with an electromagnetic valve group, one end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a compressor and a gas-liquid separator connected in series with the compressor, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in series with a thermostatic expansion valve; the air conditioning system switches an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode by cutting off the electromagnetic valve group, the thermostatic expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve and the one-way valve. According to the invention, the problems of insufficient refrigerant flow direction and insufficient heat exchangers in the heat pump air-conditioning system with two heat exchangers are solved, the utilization efficiency of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers is improved, the structure is simple, the efficiency and the energy are saved, and the stability is good.)

1. The utility model provides a two heat exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for small-size electric automobile which characterized in that includes:

the indoor heat exchanger (4), a thermostatic expansion valve (3) connected with the inlet and outlet ends of the indoor heat exchanger (4), a one-way valve (5) connected with the thermostatic expansion valve (3) in series, an electronic expansion valve (6) connected with the one-way valve (5) in parallel, and an outdoor heat exchanger (7) connected with the electronic expansion valve (6) and the one-way valve (5) in parallel and connected with the ends in series;

one end of the outdoor heat exchanger (7) is connected in series with an electromagnetic valve group, one end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a compressor (1) and a gas-liquid separator (8) which is connected in series with the compressor (1), and the other end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a thermostatic expansion valve (3);

the air conditioning system switches an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode by cutting off the electromagnetic valve group, the thermostatic expansion valve (3), the electronic expansion valve (6) and the one-way valve (5).

2. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve group comprises a first solenoid valve (21), a second solenoid valve (22) connected in parallel with the first solenoid valve (21), a third solenoid valve (23) connected in parallel with the second solenoid valve (22), and a fourth solenoid valve (24) connected in parallel with the third solenoid valve (23) and the first solenoid valve (21).

3. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as recited in claim 2, wherein the first solenoid valve (21) and the third solenoid valve (23) are normally open solenoid valves, and the second solenoid valve (22) and the fourth solenoid valve (24) are normally closed solenoid valves.

4. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the first electromagnetic valve (21) is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger (7) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (24), and the other end is connected in parallel with the compressor (1) and the second electromagnetic valve (22).

5. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the second electromagnetic valve (22) is connected in parallel with the compressor (1) and the first electromagnetic valve (21), and the other end is connected in parallel with the thermostatic expansion valve (3) and the third electromagnetic valve (23).

6. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the third electromagnetic valve (23) is connected in parallel with the thermostatic expansion valve (3) and the second electromagnetic valve (22), and the other end is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator (8) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (24).

7. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the fourth electromagnetic valve (24) is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator (8) and the third electromagnetic valve (23), and the other end is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger (7) and the first electromagnetic valve (21).

8. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cooling fan is disposed at one end face of the outdoor heat exchanger (7), and a PTC air-warming heater (9) is disposed at one end of the indoor heat exchanger (4), and both the PTC air-warming heater (9) and the indoor heat exchanger (4) are disposed in an air conditioning box of the vehicle.

9. The two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the indoor heat exchanger (4) functions as an evaporator and a condenser in the air-conditioning mode and the heat pump mode, respectively, and the outdoor heat exchanger (7) functions as a condenser and an evaporator in the air-conditioning mode and the heat pump mode, respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile air conditioners, in particular to a two-heat-exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for a small electric automobile.

Background

In recent years, the preservation amount of global electric vehicles has been increasing, and the motorization of vehicles is considered as an effective way to promote energy diversity and alleviate global warming and pollution. With the change of life style of people, new energy vehicle models are continuously innovated. Small electric vehicles are receiving more and more attention from many people, especially for most urban people, because of their relative price, miniature body and efficient performance. Therefore, the heat pump air-conditioning system with the two heat exchangers for the small electric automobile, which is simple, efficient and low in cost, is put forward and applied.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for a small electric vehicle, which solves the problems of insufficient refrigerant flow direction and insufficient heat exchangers in the two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system, improves the utilization efficiency of indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, and has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, energy conservation and good stability. To achieve the above objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a two heat exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for a small electric vehicle, comprising:

the indoor heat exchanger, the thermostatic expansion valve connected with the inlet and outlet ends of the indoor heat exchanger, the one-way valve connected with the thermostatic expansion valve in series, the electronic expansion valve connected with the one-way valve in parallel and the outdoor heat exchanger connected with the electronic expansion valve and the one-way valve in parallel and connected with the one-way valve in series;

one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected in series with an electromagnetic valve group, one end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a compressor and a gas-liquid separator connected in series with the compressor, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a thermostatic expansion valve;

the air conditioning system switches an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode by cutting off the electromagnetic valve group, the thermostatic expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve and the one-way valve.

Preferably, the electromagnetic valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve connected with the first electromagnetic valve in parallel, a third electromagnetic valve connected with the second electromagnetic valve in parallel, and a fourth electromagnetic valve connected with the third electromagnetic valve and the first electromagnetic valve in parallel.

Preferably, the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are normally open solenoid valves, and the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are normally closed solenoid valves.

Preferably, one end of the first electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger and the fourth electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the first electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the compressor and the second electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, one end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the compressor and the first electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the thermostatic expansion valve and the third electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, one end of the third electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the thermostatic expansion valve and the second electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the third electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator and the fourth electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, one end of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator and the third electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger and the first electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, a cooling fan is arranged on one end face of the outdoor heat exchanger, a PTC air heating heater is arranged at one end of the indoor heat exchanger, and the PTC air heating heater and the indoor heat exchanger are both arranged in the automobile air conditioning box.

Preferably, the indoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator and a condenser in an air-conditioning mode and a heat pump mode, respectively, and the outdoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser and an evaporator in an air-conditioning mode and a heat pump mode, respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition that the normal work of a compressor and other parts is not changed, a refrigerant flows through a one-way valve and a thermostatic expansion valve through a normally open electromagnetic valve during the refrigerating operation of the system, and flows through an electronic expansion valve on a parallel branch through an electrified normally closed electromagnetic valve during the heating operation, the problems of insufficient refrigerant flow direction and heat exchanger quantity in a heat pump air conditioning system with two heat exchangers are solved, the utilization efficiency of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers is improved, the structure is simple, and the heat pump air conditioning system is efficient and energy-saving. Electronic expansion valves and thermostatic expansion valves provide better flow regulation even in low temperature environments. Meanwhile, the whole system is low in cost, high in reliability and good in popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-heat-exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for a small electric vehicle according to the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration condition of a two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for a small electric vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating condition of the two-heat-exchanger heat pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the air-warming system comprises a compressor, 21, a first electromagnetic valve, 22, a second electromagnetic valve, 23, a third electromagnetic valve, 24, a fourth electromagnetic valve, 3, a thermal expansion valve, 4, an indoor heat exchanger, 5, a one-way valve, 6, an electronic expansion valve, 7, an outdoor heat exchanger, 8, a gas-liquid separator, 9 and a PTC air-warming heater.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a two-heat-exchanger heat pump air conditioning system for a small electric vehicle includes: the heat pump system comprises an indoor heat exchanger 4, a thermostatic expansion valve 3 connected with the inlet and outlet ends of the indoor heat exchanger 4, a check valve 5 connected with the thermostatic expansion valve 3 in series, an electronic expansion valve 6 connected with the check valve 5 in parallel, and an outdoor heat exchanger 7 connected with the electronic expansion valve 6 and the check valve 5 in parallel and connected with the check valve 5 in series, wherein the thermostatic expansion valve 3 is used for reducing the pressure of a refrigerant, the check valve 5 is used for preventing the refrigerant in the system from flowing reversely, and when the heat pump system is in a heating working condition, the refrigerant cannot pass through a pipeline branch where the check valve 5 is located, so that a stop function is achieved. The outlet end of the indoor heat exchanger 4 is provided with a temperature sensing bulb which is used for sensing the superheat degree change of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator during the refrigeration cycle; one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with an electromagnetic valve group, one end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a compressor 1 and a gas-liquid separator 8 connected in series with the compressor 1, the gas-liquid separator 8 is used for storing a refrigerant, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve group is connected in parallel with a thermostatic expansion valve 3; the air conditioning system switches an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode by cutting off the electromagnetic valve bank, the thermostatic expansion valve 3, the electronic expansion valve 6 and the check valve 5, the system mode is switched by the electromagnetic valve bank, the design is simple, the reliability is high, the system cost is reduced while the cut-off function is kept by the combination of the check valve 5 and the thermostatic expansion valve 3, the electronic expansion valve 6 is connected with the check valve 5 and the thermostatic expansion valve 3 in parallel, and when the heat pump system is in a heating working condition, the electronic expansion valve is used for throttling and depressurizing a refrigerant; two branches are connected in parallel between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the indoor heat exchanger 4, one branch is a one-way valve 5 and a thermostatic expansion valve 3 which are connected in series and used for refrigeration circulation, and the other branch is an electronic expansion valve 6 and used for heating circulation.

Further, the electromagnetic valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve 21, a second electromagnetic valve 22 connected in parallel with the first electromagnetic valve 21, a third electromagnetic valve 23 connected in parallel with the second electromagnetic valve 22, and a fourth electromagnetic valve 24 connected in parallel with the third electromagnetic valve 23 and the first electromagnetic valve 21, the first electromagnetic valve 21 and the third electromagnetic valve 23 are normally open type electromagnetic valves, the second electromagnetic valve 22 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 are normally closed type electromagnetic valves, one end of the first electromagnetic valve 21 is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24, the other end is connected in parallel with the compressor 1 and the second electromagnetic valve 22, one end of the second electromagnetic valve 22 is connected in parallel with the compressor 1 and the first electromagnetic valve 21, the other end is connected in parallel with the thermal expansion valve 3 and the third electromagnetic valve 23, one end of the third electromagnetic valve 23 is connected in parallel with the thermal expansion valve 3 and the second electromagnetic valve 22, and the other end is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve, one end of the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 is connected in parallel with the gas-liquid separator 8 and the third electromagnetic valve 23, and the other end is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the first electromagnetic valve 21, when the system is in an air-conditioning mode, the first electromagnetic valve 21, the fourth electromagnetic valve 24, the second electromagnetic valve 22 and the third electromagnetic valve 23 are not electrified, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output by the compressor 1 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 through the first electromagnetic valve 21, the refrigerant liquid output by the compressor flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 after being throttled by the one-way valve 5 and the thermostatic expansion valve 3, and finally the gaseous refrigerant circularly flows into the compressor 1 through the third electromagnetic valve 23; when the system is in a heat pump mode, the second electromagnetic valve 22 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 are energized and opened, the first electromagnetic valve 21 and the third electromagnetic valve 23 are energized and closed, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output by the compressor 1 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 4 through the second electromagnetic valve 22, the refrigerant liquid output by the compressor flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 after being throttled by the electronic expansion valve 6, and finally the gaseous refrigerant circularly flows into the compressor 1 through the fourth electromagnetic valve 24.

Further, when the four electromagnetic valves are not electrified and the magnet coils in the electromagnetic valves are in a power-off state, the first normally-open electromagnetic valve 21 and the third normally-open electromagnetic valve 23 are opened, the second normally-closed electromagnetic valve 22 and the fourth normally-closed electromagnetic valve 24 are closed, namely, two ends of the first electromagnetic valve 21 are connected with the compressor 1 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7, two ends of the third electromagnetic valve 23 are connected with the thermostatic expansion valve 3 and the gas-liquid separator 8, so that the refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the indoor heat exchanger 4 in sequence, and the system forms a refrigeration cycle; when the four electromagnetic valves are electrified, and the magnet coils in the electromagnetic valves are in an electrified state, the first normally-open electromagnetic valve 21 and the third normally-open electromagnetic valve 23 are closed, the second normally-closed electromagnetic valve 22 and the fourth normally-closed electromagnetic valve 24 are opened, namely, two ends of the second electromagnetic valve 22 are connected with the compressor 1 and the thermal expansion valve 3, two ends of the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 are connected with the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the gas-liquid separator 8, so that the refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 successively, and the system forms a heating cycle.

Furthermore, a cooling fan is arranged on one end face of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and used for strengthening heat exchange, when the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is in an air-conditioning or heat pump mode, hot air/cold air after heat exchange is exchanged to the surrounding environment, a PTC air-warming heater 9 is arranged at one end of the indoor heat exchanger 4, the PTC air-warming heater 9 is used for providing extra heat when the temperature of the passenger compartment is low, the situation that the heating capacity of the heat pump system is insufficient under the low-temperature working condition is prevented, and the PTC air-warming heater 9 and the indoor heat exchanger 4 are both arranged in an automobile air-conditioning box.

Further, the indoor heat exchanger 4 functions as an evaporator and a condenser in the air-conditioning mode and the heat pump mode, respectively, and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 functions as a condenser and an evaporator in the air-conditioning mode and the heat pump mode, respectively.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 2, in the refrigeration condition of the two-heat-exchanger heat-pump air-conditioning system for the small electric vehicle, the four electromagnetic valves are not powered on, the outdoor heat-exchanger fan is turned on, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 1, and the refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 7 after passing through the first electromagnetic valve 21. The outdoor heat exchanger 7 at this time serves as a condenser in a cooling condition, and transfers heat of the refrigerant to the ambient environment by heat exchange to obtain a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and high pressure. Subsequently, the refrigerant flows through the check valve 5 by a branch path, flows into the thermostatic expansion valve 3, is throttled, and is expanded into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant discharged from the thermostatic expansion valve 3 enters the indoor heat exchanger 4. The indoor heat exchanger 4 is used as an evaporator under a refrigeration condition, the refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator and turns into a gas state, the gas-liquid separator 8 enters the refrigerant after passing through the third electromagnetic valve 23, the refrigerant is separated by the gas-liquid separator 8, and the refrigerant finally enters the compressor 1 for recirculation. In the process of the refrigeration cycle, the combination of the one-way valve 5 and the thermostatic expansion valve 3 not only has the throttling and pressure reducing effects, but also can prevent the refrigerant from flowing back.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 3, the system can be changed from the refrigeration condition shown in fig. 2 to the heating condition shown in fig. 3 by energizing the four electromagnetic valves, in the heating condition, the four electromagnetic valves are energized, the fan of the outdoor heat exchanger is turned on, the outlet of the compressor 1 discharges high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium, and the refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 after passing through the second electromagnetic valve 22. The indoor heat exchanger 4 at this time functions as a condenser in a heating condition, and transfers heat of the refrigerant to the ambient environment by heat exchange, thereby heating the air in the air conditioning box and raising the temperature thereof. Subsequently, the refrigerant flows into the electronic expansion valve 6 by the branch passage, and is expanded into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant after being throttled. The gaseous refrigerant discharged from the electronic expansion valve 6 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 7. The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is used as an evaporator in a heating condition, the refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator and turns into a gas state, and the gas enters the gas-liquid separator 8 after passing through the fourth electromagnetic valve 24, is separated by the gas-liquid separator 8, and finally enters the compressor 1 for recirculation. During this heating cycle, the electronic expansion valve 6 adjusts the amount of liquid supplied by an internal preset program. In addition, the PTC air heating heater 9 is arranged in the air conditioning box and used for heating air sucked by the blower, so that insufficient heating capacity of the heat pump system caused by too low temperature can be effectively prevented.

As is apparent from the description of embodiments 1 and 2, the heat pump system can realize both a refrigeration cycle and a heating cycle by means of four solenoid valves, a check valve 5, a thermostatic expansion valve 3, and an electronic expansion valve 6. The refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 in opposite directions in the cooling operation and the heating operation.

The number of devices and the scale of the processes described herein are intended to simplify the description of the invention, and applications, modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.