阅读说明：本技术 锚固环 (Anchoring ring ) 是由 M.福伊齐克 I.克雷西克 T.穆拉奇 于 2020-10-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种锚固环,其具有下部件2和相对于该下部件2能旋转的旋转件6,所述下部件2具有用于将锚固环1连接到待操纵或待固定的物体上的装置,转环3以连接在每个臂部10、10.1上的支承销相对于旋转件6能枢转地挂在旋转件中,所述支承销分别嵌接在旋转件6的支承凹空13中。所述转环3相对于所述旋转件6的通过支承销12、12.1及其在所述旋转件6的支承凹空13中的嵌接定义的枢转轴线与所述转环的在转环3的平面内延伸的纵向中间平面交叉。(The invention relates to an anchor ring having a lower part 2 and a rotary part 6 which can be rotated relative to the lower part 2, the lower part 2 having means for connecting the anchor ring 1 to an object to be manipulated or fixed, the rotary ring 3 being pivotably suspended in the rotary part 6 by means of bearing pins which are connected to each arm 10, 10.1 and which engage in bearing recesses 13 in the rotary part 6. The pivot axis of the swivel 3 relative to the swivel part 6, which is defined by the bearing pins 12, 12.1 and their engagement in the bearing recesses 13 of the swivel part 6, intersects the longitudinal center plane of the swivel, which extends in the plane of the swivel 3.)

1. An anchoring ring having a lower part (2) and a rotation element (6) rotatable relative to the lower part (2), the lower part (2) has means for connecting the anchoring ring (1) to an object to be handled or fixed, the swivel (3) is suspended in the swivel (6) so as to be pivotable relative to the swivel (6) by means of bearing pins (12, 12.1) connected to each arm (10, 10.1), the bearing pins (12, 12.1) are each inserted into a bearing recess (13, 13.1) of the rotary part (6), characterized in that the pivot axis (S) of the swivel (3) relative to the swivel (6), which is defined by the engagement of the bearing pins (12, 12.1) and the bearing pins (12, 12.1) in the bearing recesses (13, 13.1) of the swivel (6), intersects a longitudinal mid-plane (M) of the swivel (3), which extends in the plane of the swivel (3).

2. Anchoring ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the arms (10, 10.1) are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal median plane (M) of the swivel (3).

3. The anchoring ring according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing pins (12, 12.1) formed on the arms (10, 10.1) are oriented with their longitudinal axes (12, 12.1) towards the axis of rotation (D) of the swivel (6) relative to the lower part (2).

4. Anchoring ring according to claim 3, characterized in that the straight line connecting the longitudinal axes of the bearing pins (12, 12.1) intersects the axis of rotation (D) of the swivel (6) relative to the lower part (2) or passes at a distance from this axis of rotation (D).

5. The anchoring ring according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the bearing pins (12, 12.1) have an oval cross-sectional geometry, wherein the major axis of the cross-sectional geometry extends perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the swivel ring (3) and the minor axis is arranged eccentrically offset in the direction of inclination of the respective arm, on which arm (10, 10.1) the bearing pins (12, 12.1) are formed.

6. The anchoring ring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angle (a) enclosed by the swivel (3) relative to the pivot axis (S) of the lower part (2) and the longitudinal mid-plane (M) is at least 10 °, in particular approximately 12 ° -15 °.

7. The anchoring ring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the swivel (3) has a ring connection (11) connecting the two arms (10, 10.1).

8. The anchoring ring according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the swivel (3) of the anchoring ring (1) is a forging.

9. The anchoring ring according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the bearing recess (13, 13.1) of the swivel (6) has a long-hole-like profile geometry, the long axis of which is inclined with respect to the vertical.

10. The anchoring ring as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the swivel (6) is rotatable relative to the fixed part of the lower part (2) by means of a plain bearing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anchor ring having a lower part with means for connecting the anchor ring to an object to be manipulated or fixed, and a swivel part which can be rotated relative to the lower part and in which the swivel part is suspended pivotably relative to the swivel part with bearing pins which are connected to each arm and which engage in bearing recesses of the swivel part.

Background

Such anchoring rings are used for lifting objects and for securing objects. For this purpose, the anchoring ring is connected to the object to be lifted. Usually connecting bolts are used for the connection, which extend through the lower part of the anchoring ring. The lower part may also be joined to the object material, typically by welding, when the anchoring ring is to be permanently connected to the object. In order to lift or tie objects, a plurality of anchoring rings are usually used in order to hang corresponding lifting rigging. In order to align the swivel in accordance with the direction of the traction acting thereon when the lifting device suspended in the swivel is activated, the swivel is pivotable relative to the lower part and can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the anchoring ring, so that the apex of the swivel can be aligned in the direction of the acting tensile force. Such an anchoring ring is therefore also referred to as an anchoring swivel. The same properties of the anchoring ring are also desirable when the anchoring ring is to be used for tying down an object.

In order that the swivel can pivot relative to the lower part, a bearing pin is formed on each of the two arm portions of the swivel. The bearing pins engage in corresponding bearing recesses in the rotary part. The articulated connection of the swivel part to the lower part and the rotatable design of the swivel part to the fixed component of the lower part make it possible to orient the swivel in the direction of the acting tensile force, i.e. at a small distance from the surface of the object to be handled or fastened. The aim is to minimize the lever moment acting through the anchoring ring.

Such anchoring rings are known, for example, from patent documents DE 202005011967U 1, DE 102015223161 a1 or US 2004/0032134 a 1.

However, in such anchoring rings it may happen that the desired orientation of the swivel is not automatically oriented with its apex pointing towards the applied transverse pulling force. Although such cases are rare. This may occur, however, which is disadvantageous, in particular, if the orientation of the swivel cannot be influenced manually in order to orient the swivel in the direction of the acting tensile force. This may occur, for example, when the object to be handled is lifted jointly by several cranes or is transferred from one crane to another. When the applied tensile force is aligned or aligned with the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the swivel, a forced position occurs in which the swivel is not automatically oriented with its apex in the direction of the applied tensile force relative to the lower part. It is thus possible, although to expect, that the swivel, when the object is handled with a plurality of cranes as described above, is oriented again in the desired position during further handling. But this happens suddenly and therefore the effective pull length of the lifting device connected to the swivel increases suddenly the length of the swivel. This is undesirable especially in the case of large, difficult to handle and heavy objects, especially when these are objects that need to be installed in a precise position, such as components of a windmill. This sudden drop, even a drop of only a few centimeters or a few millimeters, due to the escape from the forced position is not only a risk of damage to the component to be handled and in some cases to be mounted, but also endangers the mounting workers in the vicinity of the object to be handled.

Disclosure of Invention

Starting from the prior art discussed, the invention is therefore based on the object of improving an anchor ring of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that even if the acting tensile force is aligned with the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the swivel, no forced position as described above in relation to the prior art results, but rather the swivel is oriented smoothly in the direction of the acting tensile force.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an anchor ring of the type mentioned at the outset, wherein the pivot axis of the swivel ring relative to the swivel part, which pivot axis is defined by the engagement of the bearing pin and the bearing pin in the bearing recess of the swivel part, intersects a longitudinal center plane of the swivel ring, which extends in the plane of the swivel ring.

The anchoring ring is characterized in that the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the swivel intersects a longitudinal middle plane extending in the plane of the swivel. This is achieved by a special arrangement of the bearing pin and the corresponding bearing recess, so that the bearing pin engages in the bearing recess of the rotary part, the pivot axis being defined by the interaction of the bearing pin and the bearing recess. If a transverse force acts on the swivel standing upright relative to the lower part, which transverse force is aligned with the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the swivel, no forced position is thereby created, since under the effect of such a pulling force, the pulling force is actually at an angle to the plane of the swivel. This force at an angle to the longitudinal mid-plane causes a torque and thus a rotational movement of the swivel relative to the lower part. If the swivel is rotated a few degrees relative to the fixed lower part, the force is no longer aligned with the pivot axis, so the swivel is then pivoted relative to the swivel and can be oriented with the apex of the swivel in the direction of the applied pulling force. This is also not a mandatory position in which the swivel cannot automatically escape if transverse forces act on the erected swivel under other different tensile forces, for example in the plane of the longitudinal middle plane. Since the pivot axis intersects the longitudinal middle plane, a tilting moment is generated when the anchoring ring is subjected to such a load, by means of which the swivel ring is pivoted from its upright position towards the acting tensile force in order then to be oriented with its apex in the direction of the acting tensile force, while the swivel ring together with the swivel element is moved rotationally relative to the fixed part of the lower part. Therefore, no positive position exists in the anchoring ring as described in connection with the prior art anchoring ring. The described design of the anchoring ring thus ensures that the swivel is oriented with its apex in the direction of the acting tensile force, relative to the lower part, irrespective of the transverse direction of the tensile force acting on the swivel.

According to a first embodiment, the arms are inclined or offset in opposite directions relative to the longitudinal center plane of the swivel. In principle, this measure alone is sufficient to achieve the above-described effect. The bearing recess of the rotary part is also dimensioned accordingly.

In an embodiment of the anchor ring, it is provided that the bearing pins connected to the arms, which are usually formed on the arms, are oriented with their longitudinal axes toward the axis of rotation of the rotary part relative to the lower part, preferably such that the longitudinal axes of the bearing pins are aligned with one another and an imaginary straight line connecting the longitudinal axes of the bearing pins intersects the axis of rotation of the rotary part relative to the lower part or passes by this axis of rotation only over a small distance.

According to one embodiment, the swivel ring of the anchor ring is produced by a forging method. For this purpose, it is expedient for the cross-sectional geometry of the bearing pins of the ring to be designed as an ellipse, which simplifies the tool geometry and the desired demolding behavior. However, the cross-sectional geometry of the bearing pin can also be designed differently, for example as a circle or another different cross-sectional geometry with rounded edges. In this design, the long axis of the cross-sectional geometry extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal extension or direction of extension of the swivel. The minor axis is arranged eccentrically with respect to the direction of extension of the major axis, i.e. in a direction in which the arm is inclined with respect to the center.

If the swivel is designed as a forging, the swivel can easily have further elements, for example a ring connection, which connects the arms at a small distance from the swivel-side end of the lower part. Such a ring connection reinforces the swivel and ensures that the bearing pin formed on the end of the arm engages permanently in the complementary bearing recess of the swivel.

The angle at which the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the lower part intersects the longitudinal mid-plane of the swivel should be at least 10 °. Such a design of the anchoring ring with a small angle between the pivot axis of the swivel ring relative to the lower part and the longitudinal middle plane is nevertheless possible in principle. However, in the context of the presence of static friction between the elements that are movable relative to one another, the tensile forces that act better achieve the desired effect when the angle is at least 10 °. It is of no great significance if the angle is selected too large, since in this case the amount of inclination can be great in the design of the anchor ring in which the arms are inclined in opposite directions relative to the longitudinal mid-plane, which results in the bearing pins formed on the arms needing to be designed correspondingly longer. But this does not facilitate the transfer of forces from the swivel to the lower part and also does not facilitate the transfer of forces from the lower part to the swivel. A currently preferred design has an angle of 12 ° -15 ° between the pivot axis of the swivel relative to the lower part and the longitudinal mid-plane of the swivel. The effect according to the invention can also be achieved when the angle discussed above is less than 10 °, but meaningfully greater than 4 to 5 °.

In the described anchoring ring, the desired rotatability of the rotary part relative to the other components of the lower part can be achieved in any desired manner. This rotatability can be achieved, for example, by a plain bearing or also by one or more ball bearings or roller bearings.

Drawings

The invention is described below according to embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an anchoring ring according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the anchoring ring of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a perspective side view of a swivel of the anchoring ring of fig. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the anchoring ring of FIG. 1 misaligned relative to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 illustrates a horizontal cross-sectional view of the anchor ring of FIG. 1 taken along section line A-A of FIG. 2;

fig. 6 shows a sectional view according to fig. 5 of the anchoring ring under a tensile force acting on the swivel ring in alignment with its longitudinal mid-plane; and

fig. 7 shows a sectional view according to fig. 5 of the anchoring ring under a tensile force acting on the swivel ring in alignment with its axis of rotation relative to the lower part.

Detailed Description

The anchoring ring 1 comprises a lower part 2 and a swivel 3. The lower part 2 comprises a disk 4, a sleeve element 5, the underside of the disk 4, which is visible in fig. 1, resting on the object to be handled or fastened, and in fig. 1 only the upper, radially projecting flange end 5.1 and the rotary element 6 of the sleeve element 5 being visible. The sleeve member 5 is connected to the disk 4 by press fitting (see fig. 2). The rotary member 6 is an annular cylindrical member which can rotate between the upper side of the disk 4 and the lower side of the flanged end 5.1 of the sleeve member 5. The fastening bolt 7 is used to connect the anchoring ring 1 to an object to be handled or fastened, the fastening bolt 7 penetrating the lower part 2 with its shank. Fastening bolts 7 also belong to the lower part 2. The part of the threaded segment that protrudes from the lower part 2 is indicated in fig. 1 by reference numeral 8.

As can be seen from fig. 2, the rotary part 6 is mounted rotatably about the longitudinal axis of the sleeve part 5 in the manner of a plain bearing relative to the sleeve part 5 and the disk 2.

The swivel 3 of the embodiment shown has an upper anchoring section 9. In the embodiment shown, the anchoring section 9 is bounded towards the lower part of the anchoring ring by a ring connection 11 connecting the two arms 10, 10.1 of the swivel 3. The anchoring section 9 is used to hang a crane hook, a belt or other lifting or fastening means. The arms 10, 10.1 project below the ring connection 11. These arms have bearing pins 12, 12.1 on their inner sides facing each other. Projecting bearing pins 12, 12.1 formed on the lower end of the arms 10, 10.1 engage radially in the rotary part 6, for which purpose the rotary part 6 has corresponding bearing recesses 13, 13.1 (see also fig. 5).

In the swivel 3 of the anchor ring 1, the lower sections of the arms 10, 10.1 (i.e. the sections below the ring connection 11) are inclined in opposite directions relative to a longitudinal middle plane M in the plane of the swivel 3, as is more clearly visible from the side view of the swivel 3 of fig. 3 or the sectional view of fig. 4, although from the perspective view of fig. 1. The cross-sectional geometry of the bearing pins 12, 12.1 is visible in fig. 3 through the bearing pin 12. The cross-sectional geometry is elliptical, with the major axis extending transversely to the longitudinal mid-plane M. The stub shaft is offset outwardly relative to the centre of the cross-section of the bearing pin 12 and is therefore offset in the direction of the offset of the arm ends. This cross-sectional geometry is suitable when the swivel ring 3 is a forging and thus the shape shown in fig. 3 is produced by the forging process.

Fig. 4 shows a section corresponding to the section of fig. 2, but with the section not in the center of the ring rotor but shifted towards the edge of the rotor 6. In this figure, the bearing pin 12 and its engagement in the bearing recess 13 of the rotary part 6 can be seen. The contour geometry of the support recess 13 can be seen from this figure. The geometry of the bearing recess 13 is similar to the end section of a slotted hole arranged radially at an angle in the rotary part 6. The long axis of the bearing recess 13 is therefore inclined with respect to the longitudinal mid-plane M. The reason why the bearing recess 13 is designed to have this shape is that the bearing pins 12, 12.1 are not only offset relative to one another due to the inclination of the arms 10, 10.1, but are also adjusted or moved relative to the arms 10, 10.1 so as to approach one another or to face one another and thus to face the axis of rotation D of the swivel 6. The design of the bearing pins 12, 12.1 in this connection can be seen in the sectional view in fig. 5. In this exemplary embodiment, the longitudinal axes of the bearing pins 12, 12.1 are aligned with one another, wherein the aligned longitudinal axes intersect the axis of rotation D. Which is the pivot axis S of the swivel 3 relative to the swivel 6.

Furthermore, the sectional view of fig. 5 shows how the arms 10, 10.1 are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal mid-plane.

As shown in the sectional view of fig. 5, the pivot axis S intersects the longitudinal mid-plane M. The angle of intersection α is 12 ° in the illustrated embodiment.

The above-described design of the anchoring ring 1 achieves that no forced position of the swivel 3 relative to the lower part 2 occurs, so that in the event of any force action, the swivel 3 is oriented in the direction of the applied tensile force when the swivel 3 is erected relative to the lower part 2. This applies, for example, to a position in which a pulling force acts aligned with the longitudinal middle plane M when the swivel 3 is erected relative to the lower part 2. In the known anchoring ring, this position of the swivel 3 relative to the lower part 2 may result in a forced position. Fig. 6 shows the relevant load to which the anchoring ring 1 is subjected. As indicated by the thick arrow, the applied tensile force acts on the swivel ring 3 horizontally aligned with the longitudinal middle plane M. The force acting schematically shown in fig. 6 acts on the swivel ring 3 of the anchor ring 1 in alignment with the longitudinal mid-plane, but is at an angle to the pivot axis S relative to the lower part 2. The swivel ring 3 is therefore first pivoted by a certain amount about the pivot axis S and then oriented in the direction of the force acting while rotating about the axis of rotation D. These two steps are shown in the figure. In the anchoring ring 1, therefore, no forced position occurs in the presence of such a force.

Fig. 7 shows the anchoring ring 1 subjected to a pulling force aligned with the pivot axis S. Since the pulling force acting is introduced into the swivel part 3 at an angle to the longitudinal middle plane M, this pulling force causes a torque, so that after the rotation of the rotary part 3 about the axis of rotation D, the force acting acts at an angle to the pivot axis S and thus the swivel part 3 in turn pivots relative to the rotary part 6, which causes the swivel part 3 to pivot and orient again in the direction of the pulling force acting. Two steps are also shown in this figure.

The above-described effect can also be achieved by anchor rings, not shown in the drawings, in which the bearing pins are not oriented with their longitudinal axes aligned or approximately aligned, although the arms are moved in a direction away from each other relative to the longitudinal mid-plane. Even in such a design, the pivot axis intersects the longitudinal middle plane. However, in the embodiment in which the bearing pins are aligned with their longitudinal axes facing each other, the introduction of forces from the bearing pins into the bearing surfaces of the bearing recesses is improved.

In the described embodiment, the bearing pin of the arm engages in the bearing recess of the rotary part of the lower part. These bearing recesses can also be realized by inserts mounted in the rotary part.

The invention has been described with reference to the examples. A person skilled in the art will also be able to achieve a large number of other possibilities for implementing the invention without having to mention such designs within the scope of the present description, without departing from the scope of the effective claims.

List of reference numerals

1 anchoring ring

2 lower part

3 swivel

4 disc

5 Sleeve member

5.1 flanged end

6 rotating member

7 fastening bolt

8 threaded segment

9 anchoring section

10. 10.1 arm part

11-ring connecting piece

12. 12.1 bearing pin

13 bearing recess

D axis of rotation

M longitudinal mid-plane

S pivot axis