阅读说明：本技术 一种径向钳齿式制动器 (Radial clamp tooth type brake ) 是由 马彪 王赫 张子豪 郑长松 张斌 于 2021-02-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种径向钳齿式制动器,包括制动鼓、制动钳、制动外齿、制动内齿、螺旋弹簧、拨叉轴和执行电机,制动鼓的两侧均径向对称布置有制动钳,每个制动钳的内侧均安装有两个制动内齿,且制动内齿设置在制动钳和制动鼓之间,制动钳的外壁设有制动外齿,第二环状耳孔上穿有螺旋弹簧,本发明采用功率不大的执行电机来取代液压执行机构,使得制动器执行机构大大简化,减少了庞杂液压系统带来的体积与重量偏大的问题,通过弹簧力与螺栓紧固力产生的摩擦转矩吸收制动鼓能量,减小碰撞带来的冲击,提高了制动器的可靠性与工作寿命,同时应用于行星变速箱当中也可以使得换挡过程更为平顺,换挡性能、驾驶舒适度有了明显改善。(The invention discloses a radial jaw tooth type brake, which comprises a brake drum, brake calipers, brake outer teeth, brake inner teeth, a spiral spring, a shifting fork shaft and an actuating motor, wherein the brake calipers are radially and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake drum, the inner side of each brake caliper is provided with two brake inner teeth, the brake inner teeth are arranged between the brake calipers and the brake drum, the outer walls of the brake calipers are provided with the brake outer teeth, and the second annular lug hole is penetrated with the spiral spring. The gear shifting performance and the driving comfort are obviously improved.)

1. The radial jaw type brake comprises a brake drum (8), brake calipers (5), brake outer teeth (1), brake inner teeth (3), a spiral spring (4), a shifting fork shaft (7) and an execution motor (9), and is characterized in that the brake calipers (5) are arranged on two sides of the brake drum (8) in a radial symmetry mode, two brake inner teeth (3) are installed on the inner side of each brake caliper (5), the brake inner teeth (3) are arranged between the brake calipers (5) and the brake drum (8), the brake outer teeth (1) are arranged on the outer wall of each brake caliper (5), first annular lug holes are formed in two sides of each brake outer tooth (1), second annular lug holes are machined in the radial extending positions of the brake calipers (5), the spiral spring (4) penetrates through the second annular lug holes, and one end of the spiral spring (4) is connected with the first annular lug holes, the external braking teeth (1) are connected with the braking calipers (5) through the spiral springs (4), the two braking calipers (5) are connected with shifting fork shafts (7) and motor nuts (6), the motor nuts (6) are fixedly connected with the braking calipers (5) through bolts, the shifting fork shafts (7) only penetrate through holes in the centers of the braking calipers (5), the braking calipers (5) can move on the shifting fork shafts (7), the motor nuts (6) are connected with screws of the executing motors (9), and the shifting fork shafts (7) and the executing motors (9) are fixedly connected with a transmission shell through screws.

2. A radial jaw brake according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of braking pincers (5) has been seted up logical groove, the inside that leads to the groove is equipped with countersunk head bolt (2), just the both ends of countersunk head bolt (2) all pass braking pincers (5) and link firmly together with braking internal tooth (3) and braking external tooth (1) respectively for braking internal tooth (3), braking external tooth (1) and countersunk head bolt (2) all can carry out the floating of certain extent in braking pincers (5).

3. A radial jaw brake according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the brake caliper (5) is 40mm, the width of the brake teeth on the brake inner teeth (3), the brake outer teeth (1) and the brake drum (8) is 40mm, and the width of the through groove on the brake caliper (5) is 10 mm.

4. A radial jaw brake according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the brake drum (8) is provided with four brake drum teeth, the brake drum teeth are trapezoidal teeth, the number of the brake drum teeth is consistent with that of the brake internal teeth (3), and the main principle of the brake is as follows:

the brake is carried out by the contact collision of the brake inner teeth (3) on the brake caliper (5) and the brake drum teeth.

5. A radial jaw brake according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of countersunk bolt (2) is M10, and the height of brake drum tooth is 8mm, and the height that the height of braking internal tooth (3) slightly is greater than the brake drum tooth is 10 mm.

6. A radial jaw brake according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the shifting fork shaft (7) directly penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the brake caliper (5), the other end of the shifting fork shaft (7) is of a plate-shaped structure, two inner holes are machined in the plate-shaped structure, and screws penetrate through the inner parts of the inner holes, so that the shifting fork shaft (7) is fixedly connected with the transmission shell.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a brake, in particular to a radial clamp tooth type brake, and belongs to the technical field of brakes.

Background

The shifting of a planetary gearbox relies on braking part of the rotating member (typically the ring gear) in the planet row, and in order to minimize the size of the planetary gearbox, the ring gear is typically braked radially. At present, the commonly used radial braking methods mainly include a friction plate type brake and a belt type brake, the friction plate type brake brakes brake by means of friction torque generated by pressure between friction pairs after the friction plates are tightly pressed, and the belt type brake brakes brake by means of friction force generated by pressure between a tightened braking belt and a braked member. In both band brakes and friction plate brakes, an actuating device is required to generate a sufficiently high pressure to ensure effective and reliable braking, and this actuating force is currently only possible by means of hydraulic actuators.

The hydraulic actuator has a complex structure, and a large number of hydraulic elements such as an oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline, a hydraulic pump, a piston, a filter and the like need to be added, so that the weight and the volume of the actuator are greatly increased, and the conversion among various energy sources (the hydraulic pump needs to be dragged by a motor or an engine, and needs to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy) is required, and the energy loss is necessarily brought in the conversion process.

In addition, the two braking schemes both rely on friction to generate braking torque, and in the process of long-term use, the friction plate and the friction lining on the surface of the braking belt are easy to fall off or wear, so that the braking stroke is increased, even enough friction force cannot be effectively generated, and the mechanism is not very reliable, so that an operating and executing mechanism capable of effectively completing braking under small executing force needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a radial tooth-clamping brake, which solves the problems that in the process of long-term use, a friction plate and a friction lining on the surface of a brake belt are easy to fall off or wear, so that the brake stroke is increased, even enough friction force cannot be effectively generated, the mechanism is not very reliable, a hydraulic control mechanism is not required to provide large pressure, and the brake can be completed only by a low-power execution motor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a radial jaw tooth type brake comprises a brake drum, brake calipers, outer brake teeth, inner brake teeth, a spiral spring, a shifting fork shaft and an execution motor, wherein the brake calipers are radially and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake drum, the inner side of each brake caliper is provided with two inner brake teeth, the inner brake teeth are arranged between the brake calipers and the brake drum, the outer wall of each brake caliper is provided with the outer brake teeth, the two sides of the outer brake teeth are provided with first annular lug holes, the radially extending position of each brake caliper is provided with a second annular lug hole, the spiral spring penetrates through the second annular lug hole, one end of the spiral spring is connected with the first annular lug hole, the outer brake teeth are connected with the brake calipers through the spiral spring, the two brake calipers are both connected with the shifting fork shaft and the motor nut, the motor nut is fixedly connected with the brake calipers through a bolt, and the shifting fork shaft only penetrates through a through, the brake caliper can move on the shifting fork shaft, the motor nut is connected with a screw of the executing motor, and the shifting fork shaft and the executing motor are fixedly connected with the transmission shell through screws.

According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a through groove is formed in the middle of the brake caliper, a countersunk head bolt is arranged in the through groove, and two ends of the countersunk head bolt penetrate through the brake caliper and are fixedly connected with the brake inner teeth and the brake outer teeth respectively, so that the brake inner teeth, the brake outer teeth and the countersunk head bolt can float in a certain range in the brake caliper.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the caliper is 40mm, the widths of the inner braking teeth, the outer braking teeth and the braking teeth on the brake drum are all 40mm, and the width of the through groove on the caliper is 10 mm.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, four brake drum teeth are processed on the surface of the brake drum, the brake drum teeth are trapezoidal teeth, the number of the brake drum teeth is the same as the number of the brake internal teeth, and the main principle of the brake is as follows:

braking is carried out by means of the contact collision of the braking inner teeth on the brake caliper and the brake drum teeth.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the specification of the countersunk head bolt is M10, the height of the brake drum tooth is 8mm, and the height of the brake internal tooth is slightly larger than the height of the brake drum tooth and is 10 mm.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, one end of the shifting fork shaft directly penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the brake caliper, the other end of the shifting fork shaft is of a plate-shaped structure, two inner holes are processed on the plate-shaped structure, and screws penetrate through the inner parts of the inner holes, so that the shifting fork shaft is fixedly connected with the transmission shell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the radial jaw type brake adopts the actuating motor with low power to replace a hydraulic actuating mechanism, so that the actuating mechanism of the brake is greatly simplified, and the problems of large volume and heavy weight caused by a complicated hydraulic system are solved.

2. According to the radial jaw tooth type brake, the energy of the brake drum is absorbed through the spring force and the bolt fastening force, the impact caused by collision is reduced, the reliability of the brake is improved, the service life of the brake is prolonged, the gear shifting process can be smoother when the radial jaw tooth type brake is applied to a planetary gearbox, and the gear shifting performance and the driving comfort degree are obviously improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the brake of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the actuating motor of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. braking the external teeth; 2. a countersunk bolt; 3. braking the internal teeth; 4. a coil spring; 5. a brake caliper; 6. a motor nut; 7. a fork shaft; 8. a brake drum; 9. an actuator motor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a radial dog brake technology:

the utility model provides a radial tong-tooth formula stopper, includes brake drum 8, braking pincers 5, braking external tooth 1, braking internal tooth 3, coil spring 4, declutch shift shaft 7 and actuating motor 9, the equal radial symmetrical arrangement in both sides of brake drum 8 has braking pincers 5, and two braking internal teeth 3 are all installed to every braking pincers 5 inboard, and braking internal tooth 3 sets up between braking pincers 5 and brake drum 8.

The outer wall of the brake caliper 5 is provided with a brake outer tooth 1, two sides of the brake outer tooth 1 are provided with first annular ear holes, a second annular ear hole is processed at a radial extending position of the brake caliper 5, a spiral spring 4 penetrates through the second annular ear hole, one end of the spiral spring 4 is connected with the first annular ear hole, the brake outer tooth 1 is connected with the brake caliper 5 through the spiral spring 4, the spiral spring 4 is an elastic element, meanwhile, the connection fastening force of the countersunk head bolt 2 and a nut enables the brake inner tooth 3, the brake outer tooth 1 and the surface of the brake caliper 5 to generate friction, the friction force and the spring force can play roles of buffering and absorbing the rotation energy of the brake drum 8 when the brake drum 8 is contacted with the brake inner tooth 3, and excessive impact force generated when the brake inner tooth 3 is collided with the brake drum 8 is avoided, if the brake inner tooth 3 is directly and fixedly connected with the brake caliper 8, the brake is easily damaged.

The radial extending part of the brake caliper 5 can fix a spring and can enable the brake drum 8 to stop rotating completely, the rigidity of the spiral spring 4 selected in the scheme is not large and is generally about 1N/mm-3N/mm, the spiral spring 4 mainly serves to buffer and absorb the energy of the brake drum 8, and the rigidity is not enough to enable the brake drum 8 to stop rotating completely.

Therefore, in order to completely stop the rotation of the brake drum 8, the compression amount of the spring on one side needs to be maximized (completely compressed), at this time, the external brake teeth 1 and the spring completely collide with the brake caliper 5, and the brake drum 8 also stops rotating, so that the brake has a certain requirement on the rotation speed of the brake drum 8 before braking, if the rotation speed of the brake drum 8 is too high, the effect of the spring on absorbing the rotation energy is limited, so that the collision force generated when the brake drum 8 collides damages the brake due to the overlarge collision force, if the rotation speed of the brake drum 8 is too low, the brake drum 8 stops rotating under the action of the spring force and the friction force without colliding, the braking state is unstable at this time, the brake drum 8 is easily floated along with the internal brake teeth 3, and therefore, the rotation speed of the brake drum 8 needs to be controlled before braking (the rotation speed of the gear ring can be, the brake can be carried out when the requirement on the rotating speed is met, the two brake calipers 5 are connected with a shifting fork shaft 7 and a motor nut 6, the motor nut 6 is fixedly connected with the brake calipers 5 through bolts, the shifting fork shaft 7 only penetrates through a through hole in the center of the brake calipers 5, the brake calipers 5 can move on the shifting fork shaft 7, the motor nut 6 is connected with a screw of an executing motor 9, and the shifting fork shaft 7 and the executing motor 9 are fixedly connected with a transmission shell through screws.

Specifically, the main effect of declutch shift shaft 7 is for bearing, because the screw rod is not high as its intensity of drive disk assembly, can not bear the great impact load that produces when brake drum 8 collides with braking pincers 5, in case because of the too big deformation that takes place of load, just can not effective transmission, consequently need the bigger declutch shift shaft 7 of diameter to bear, the through-hole in braking pincers 5 middle part is directly passed to declutch shift shaft 7 one end, the other end is platelike structure, the last processing of platelike structure has two holes, the screw is passed to the inside, make declutch shift shaft 7 and derailleur casing link firmly.

Logical groove has been seted up at braking pincers 5's middle part, and the inside that leads to the groove is equipped with countersunk head bolt 2, and countersunk head bolt 2's both ends all pass braking pincers 5 and link firmly together with braking internal tooth 3 and braking external tooth 1 respectively for braking internal tooth 3, braking external tooth 1 and countersunk head bolt 2 all can carry out floating of certain extent at braking pincers 5.

The width of the brake caliper 5 is 40mm, the widths of the brake inner teeth 3, the brake outer teeth 1 and the brake teeth on the brake drum 8 are all 40mm, and the width of the through groove on the brake caliper 5 is 10 mm.

Four brake drum teeth are machined on the surface of the brake drum 8, the brake drum teeth are trapezoidal teeth, the number of the brake drum teeth is consistent with that of the brake internal teeth 3, and the main principle of the brake is as follows:

braking is performed by the contact collision of the brake inner teeth 3 on the brake caliper 5 with the brake drum teeth.

The specification of the countersunk bolt 2 is M10, the height of the brake drum teeth is 8mm, the height of the brake internal teeth 3 is slightly larger than the height of the brake drum teeth and is 10mm, because the inner surface of the brake internal teeth 3 is completely contacted with the brake drum when braking is finished, the phenomenon of incomplete contact caused by processing errors can be avoided because the brake internal teeth 3 are slightly higher.

One end of the shifting fork shaft 7 directly penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the brake caliper 5, the other end of the shifting fork shaft 7 is of a plate-shaped structure, two inner holes are machined in the plate-shaped structure, and screws penetrate through the inner parts of the inner holes, so that the shifting fork shaft 7 is fixedly connected with the transmission shell.

When the radial jaw type brake is used, through holes are machined on the periphery of an actuating motor 9, screws penetrate through the through holes and are fixedly connected with a transmission shell, a screw rod in the center of the actuating motor 9 extends into the transmission shell and is connected with a motor nut, a bearing and a sealing structure are arranged between the screw rod and the shell, the brake does not relate to a specific transmission structure, other parts are not shown, a spiral hole with the same lead as the motor screw rod is machined in the middle of the motor nut and forms a spiral transmission pair together with the motor screw rod, therefore, when the actuating motor 9 rotates, the motor nut does translational motion along the motor screw rod, the motor nut is fixed on the brake caliper 5, the brake caliper 5 is driven to move, the translational motion of the brake caliper 5 is along the diameter direction relative to a brake drum 8, and the device is called as the radial jaw type brake, because the braking stroke is mainly related to the height of the braking internal teeth 3, the tooth height is not large, the moving distance of the brake caliper 5 is only about 15mm, the brake caliper can be completely closed, the whole braking process time is short, meanwhile, because the lead of the screw is not large, when the actuating motor 9 outputs a small moment, enough thrust can be generated to push the brake caliper 5 to move radially, and compared with a hydraulic actuating mechanism, the power required by the actuating motor 9 is smaller.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example, it may be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.