阅读说明：本技术 一种抗冲击的玻璃马赛克及其制备方法 (Impact-resistant glass mosaic and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李伟达 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种抗冲击的玻璃马赛克,由以下重量份的原料组成：废玻璃粉70～80份、粘土35～40份、高岭土10～20份、白云石5～15份、浮石5～15份、莫来石15～25份、长石20～25份、聚乙烯醇8～12份和烧结活化剂2～5份,烧结活化剂为氧化硼和三氧化二锑。该玻璃马赛克的表面光亮且光滑、色彩丰富,还具有高抗冲击强度。抗冲击的玻璃马赛克的制备方法,先将粘土、高岭土、白云石、浮石、莫来石和长石加水制成混合物后,再加入废玻璃粉、聚乙烯醇和活化烧结剂混合后,使其变成熔体,再进行上色、干燥、成型操作,接着在700～850℃下烧制,本发明能大大降低烧结温度,降低生产成本和减少能量消耗。(The invention discloses an impact-resistant glass mosaic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of waste glass powder, 35-40 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of pumice, 15-25 parts of mullite, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 8-12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 2-5 parts of sintering activating agents, wherein the sintering activating agents are boron oxide and antimony trioxide. The glass mosaic has bright and smooth surface, rich colors and high impact strength. The preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the steps of adding water into clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar to prepare a mixture, adding waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activation sintering agent to mix the mixture to obtain a melt, and then carrying out coloring, drying and forming operations, and then firing at 700-850 ℃.)

1. The impact-resistant glass mosaic is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of waste glass powder, 35-40 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of pumice, 15-25 parts of mullite, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 8-12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 2-5 parts of sintering activating agents, wherein the sintering activating agents are boron oxide and antimony trioxide.

2. The impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of kaolin to clay is 1: 2 to 3.5.

3. The impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 1, wherein said kaolin clay is 10-20 parts, dolomite is 8-10 parts, pumice is 5-6 parts, mullite is 15-20 parts, and feldspar powder is 20-222 parts.

4. The impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of boron oxide to antimony trioxide in said sintering activator is 1-5: 1.

5. The impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 1, wherein the clay has a particle size of 150 to 250 mesh; the particle sizes of the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are all 100-250 meshes.

6. The impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 1, wherein the grain sizes of the mullite and the feldspar are both 10-18 meshes; the waste glass is crushed to the diameter of 2-5 mm.

7. The method for preparing an impact-resistant glass mosaic according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

1) adding water into clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar according to the formula amount, and mixing to form a mixture;

2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1), waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent into a kiln, and melting the mixture into a melt;

3) glazing the surface of the melt, and drying to obtain a colored melt;

4) taking out the colored melt, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a molded body;

5) and firing the formed body at 700-850 ℃, and cooling to obtain the impact-resistant glass mosaic.

8. The method for preparing an impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 7, wherein in step 1), the clay, the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are added with 15 to 20 parts by weight of water and mixed to obtain a first mixture; adding 5-10 parts by weight of water into mullite and feldspar, and mixing to obtain a second mixture; and stirring and uniformly mixing the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a mixture.

9. The method for preparing an impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 7, wherein the drying in step 3) is carried out at 40-50 ℃ for 24-48 h.

10. The method for preparing an impact-resistant glass mosaic according to claim 7, wherein the melting temperature of step 2) is 300-400 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of decorative materials, in particular to an impact-resistant glass mosaic and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The glass mosaic is a new building decoration material, can be used for decorating inner and outer walls of buildings, and is bright and soft in color. The current production state of the glass mosaic is as follows: most manufacturers still use several traditional high-quality raw materials such as potassium feldspar, silica, kaolin and the like, and the firing temperature is generally about 1250-1300 ℃. Only traditional high-quality raw materials are used, the product firing temperature is high, the product cost is high, the energy consumption is large, the transparency and the smoothness of a blank are low, and the quality grade is low. Meanwhile, high-quality raw material resources are being exhausted, and the price is continuously rising.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the impact-resistant glass mosaic, wherein the recycled waste glass is used as a raw material, and has the effects of low water absorption and good impact resistance; the invention also aims to provide the shock-resistant glass mosaic which has simple and convenient steps and lower firing temperature than the prior art.

One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

an impact-resistant glass mosaic is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of waste glass powder, 35-40 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of pumice, 15-25 parts of mullite, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 8-12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 2-5 parts of sintering activating agents, wherein the sintering activating agents are boron oxide and antimony trioxide.

Further, the mass ratio of the kaolin to the clay is 1: 2 to 3.5.

Further, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 8-10 parts of dolomite, 5-6 parts of pumice, 15-20 parts of mullite and 20-222 parts of feldspar powder.

Further, the mass ratio of boron oxide to antimony trioxide in the sintering activator is 1-5: 1.

Further, the particle size of the clay is 150-250 meshes; the particle sizes of the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are all 100-250 meshes.

Further, the grain sizes of the mullite and the feldspar are 10-18 meshes; the waste glass is crushed to the diameter of 2-5 mm.

The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the following steps:

1) adding water into clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar according to the formula amount, and mixing to form a mixture;

2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1), waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent into a kiln, and melting the mixture into a melt;

3) glazing the surface of the melt, and drying to obtain a colored melt;

4) taking out the colored melt, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a molded body;

5) and firing the formed body at 700-850 ℃ for 20-24 h, and cooling to obtain the impact-resistant glass mosaic.

Further, in the step 1), adding 15-20 parts by weight of water into clay, kaolin, dolomite and pumice, and mixing to obtain a first mixture; adding 5-10 parts by weight of water into mullite and feldspar, and mixing to obtain a second mixture; and stirring and uniformly mixing the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a mixture.

And further, in the step 3), drying for 24-48 h at 40-50 ℃.

Further, step 2), the melting temperature is 300-400 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the impact-resistant glass mosaic takes the recycled waste glass as a blank, and can effectively improve the plasticity of the blank and the associativity of all raw materials by adjusting the proportion of clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar in the blank and adding polyvinyl alcohol. Experiments show that the green body with high transparency and strong luster can be obtained by adding the activating sintering agent. The glass mosaic has the advantages of bright and smooth surface, rich colors and high impact strength.

(2) The preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the steps of adding water into clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar to prepare a mixture, adding waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent to mix the mixture to obtain a melt, carrying out coloring, drying and forming operations, and firing at 700-850 ℃ to obtain the impact-resistant glass mosaic.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.

Example 1

The invention provides an impact-resistant glass mosaic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of waste glass powder, 40 parts of clay, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of dolomite, 15 parts of pumice, 25 parts of mullite, 25 parts of feldspar, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 5 parts of sintering activating agent, wherein the sintering activating agent is boron oxide and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 1: 1. The particle size of the clay is 250 meshes; the grain sizes of the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are all 100 meshes. The grain sizes of the mullite and the feldspar are 18 meshes; the waste glass is crushed to a diameter of 5 mm.

The preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, adding 20 parts of water into clay, kaolin, dolomite and pumice according to the formula ratio and mixing to obtain a first mixture; adding 10 parts of water into mullite and feldspar, and mixing to obtain a second mixture; then uniformly stirring and mixing the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a mixture;

2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1), waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent into a kiln, and melting the mixture into a melt at 300 ℃;

3) glazing the surface of the melt, and drying for 48 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain a colored melt;

4) taking out the colored melt, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a molded body;

5) the formed body is fired at 850 ℃ for 20h, and after cooling, impact-resistant glass mosaic is obtained.

Example 2

The invention provides an impact-resistant glass mosaic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of waste glass powder, 35 parts of clay, 10 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of pumice, 15 parts of mullite, 20 parts of feldspar, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 2 parts of sintering activating agent, wherein the sintering activating agent is boron oxide and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 5: 1. The particle size of the clay is 150 meshes; the grain sizes of the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are all 250 meshes. The grain sizes of the mullite and the feldspar are both 10 meshes; the waste glass is crushed to a diameter of 2 mm.

The preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, adding 15 parts of water into clay, kaolin, dolomite and pumice according to the formula ratio and mixing to obtain a first mixture; adding 5 parts of water into mullite and feldspar, and mixing to obtain a second mixture; then uniformly stirring and mixing the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a mixture;

2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1), waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent into a kiln, and melting the mixture into a melt at 400 ℃;

3) glazing the surface of the melt, and drying for 24 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain a coloring melt;

4) taking out the colored melt, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a molded body;

5) the formed body is fired at 700 ℃ for 24h, and after cooling, impact-resistant glass mosaic is obtained.

Example 3

The invention provides an impact-resistant glass mosaic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of waste glass powder, 38 parts of clay, 15 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of pumice, 20 parts of mullite, 22 parts of feldspar, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 4 parts of sintering activating agent, wherein the sintering activating agent is boron oxide and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 3: 1. The particle size of the clay is 200 meshes; the grain sizes of the kaolin, the dolomite and the pumice are all 200 meshes. The grain sizes of the mullite and the feldspar are 15 meshes; the waste glass is crushed to a diameter of 3 mm. The reason for limiting the particle size is that the green body does not crack or break during subsequent firing.

The preparation method of the impact-resistant glass mosaic comprises the following steps:

1) adding 25 parts of water into clay, kaolin, dolomite, pumice, mullite and feldspar according to the formula ratio, and mixing to form a mixture;

2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1), waste glass powder, polyvinyl alcohol and an activated sintering agent into a kiln, and melting the mixture into a melt at 350 ℃;

3) glazing the surface of the melt, and drying for 36 hours at 45 ℃ to obtain a coloring melt;

4) taking out the colored melt, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a molded body;

5) the formed body is fired at 800 ℃ for 36h, and after cooling, impact-resistant glass mosaic is obtained.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: comparative example 1 no activating sintering agent was added.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: comparative example 2 no polyvinyl alcohol was added.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: comparative example 3 no clay was added.

Performance testing

1. The glass mosaics of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for water absorption and porosity, respectively, by the steps of: and (3) soaking the five groups of glass mosaic in water, and boiling the glass mosaic in boiling water for 8 hours to saturate the water in the glass mosaic. The saturated sample surface mass (m2), the saturated sample air mass (m3) and the oven-dried constant-weight mass (m1) of 5 groups of glass mosaics were weighed with a hydrostatic balance and an electronic balance. The water absorption and porosity are as follows: water absorption:apparent porosity:specific data are shown in table 1.

2. The glass mosaics of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for impact strength, and the specific data are shown in table 2.

3. The glass mosaics of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for surface roughness, and the specific data are shown in table 3.

TABLE 1 Water absorption and porosity data for glass mosaics of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3

Sample (I)	Water absorption%	Porosity%
			Example 1	1.64	66.71
Example 2	1.87	65.36
			Example 3	2.01	64.72
Comparative example 1	17.42	80.46
			Comparative example 2	5.63	70.36
Comparative example 3	5.88	71.55

TABLE 2 impact Strength data of glass mosaic of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3

TABLE 3 surface roughness of glass mosaic of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3

Sample (I)	Surface roughness nm
		Example 1	167
Example 2	238
		Example 3	226
Comparative example 1	468
		Comparative example 2	412
Comparative example 3	440

As can be seen from Table 1, the water absorption rates of examples 1 to 3 are all less than those of comparative examples 1 to 3, which shows that the glass mosaic of examples 1 to 3 has good vitrification, compact blank body and complete sintering reaction. Comparative example 1 no activating sintering agent was added and the sintering activator lowered the sintering temperature, and without this component sintering was incomplete at 850 ℃ and sintering at a higher temperature was required to complete the sintering reaction. Comparative example 2 polyvinyl alcohol, which was capable of binding waste glass to each raw material without adding polyvinyl alcohol, was decreased in binding property to each raw material lacking this component, and thus water absorption rate was increased. Comparative example 3 no clay was added and the clay provided a useful mineral and chemical component for the firing of the green body, so that mullite, feldspar, quartz and glass phases were produced in the fired product and could act as a forming plastic binder, and the absence of this component would also reduce the cohesion between the raw materials. Among them, the apparent porosity of examples 1 to 3 is lower than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, and the low porosity can effectively improve the product quality and mechanical strength and reduce the surface area in contact with molten slag, thereby prolonging the service life.

As can be seen from Table 2, the impact strength of the glass mosaic of the embodiments 1 to 3 is better than that of the comparative examples 1 to 3, which shows that the formula and the preparation method of the glass mosaic of the invention can effectively improve the impact resistance and have good toughness.

As can be seen from Table 3, the surface roughness of the samples of examples 1 to 3 is lower than that of the samples of comparative examples 1 to 3, which shows that the formulation and the preparation method of the invention can effectively improve the smoothness of the surface of the blank.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.