阅读说明：本技术 一种高炉碳砖精确砌筑的方法 (Method for accurately building blast furnace carbon bricks ) 是由 朱相国 张冬 曲元艇 张兆朋 李斌 于 2021-07-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及高炉耐火材料砌筑技术领域,尤其涉及一种高炉碳砖精确砌筑的方法。1)将炉底找平层标尺钢板标高误差提高至0～-0.5mm,找平标尺钢板加工精度提高至设备级,从制作到安装允许误差不超过0.5mm；炉底找平层标尺钢板的固定方式采用可调式螺栓固定；2)采用干法洁净砌筑砖缝不涂刷碳油,碳砖出厂前留设卡具吊装孔,砌筑后吊装孔用捣料填实；3)采用高炉碳砖精确砌筑方法；4)提高碳砖铲平研磨精度。本发明提高了高炉碳砖砌筑精度,达到碳砖砖缝≤0.5mm,铁口区域砖缝≤0.3mm,炉缸半径误差±10mm,保证采用高质碳砖的长寿命设计理念的实现。(The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace refractory material masonry, in particular to a method for accurately building a blast furnace carbon brick. 1) The elevation error of the leveling layer steel plate of the furnace bottom is improved to 0-0.5 mm, the processing precision of the leveling layer steel plate is improved to the equipment level, and the allowable error is not more than 0.5mm from manufacturing to installation; the furnace bottom leveling layer scale steel plate is fixed by adopting an adjustable bolt; 2) the brick joints are built cleanly by a dry method without painting carbon oil, clamp hoisting holes are reserved before carbon bricks leave factory, and the hoisting holes are filled with ramming materials after building; 3) adopting a blast furnace carbon brick accurate building method; 4) improve the leveling and grinding precision of the carbon brick. The invention improves the building precision of the blast furnace carbon brick, achieves the brick joints of the carbon brick less than or equal to 0.5mm, the brick joints of the taphole area less than or equal to 0.3mm and the radius error of the hearth +/-10 mm, and ensures the realization of the long-life design concept of the high-quality carbon brick.)

1. A method for accurately building a blast furnace carbon brick is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:

1) improving the accuracy of the elevation error of the leveling layer of the furnace bottom

The elevation error of the leveling layer steel plate of the furnace bottom is improved to 0-0.5 mm, the processing precision of the leveling layer steel plate is improved to the equipment level, and the allowable error is not more than 0.5mm from manufacturing to installation;

the furnace bottom leveling layer scale steel plate is fixed by adopting an adjustable bolt;

2) clean masonry by dry method

Carbon oil is not coated on brick seams, fixture hoisting holes are reserved before carbon bricks leave factory, and the hoisting holes are filled with ramming materials after masonry;

3) method for precisely building blast furnace carbon bricks

The roughness of bottom carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, then according to the brick number of side behind the center earlier under the brick, according to the brick layer central line on the oven, build the center brick of center brick row earlier, then build to both sides in brick row direction and build by laying bricks or stones, the operating point is when building bricks or stones: positioning, leveling, leaning, and seam checking;

4) improve the leveling and grinding precision of the carbon brick

After the carbon bricks are fully laid at the furnace bottom and the carbon ramming mass is constructed, firstly, roughly grinding, and grinding staggered platforms and edges between the carbon bricks; and then dividing the areas, firstly grinding local points with the error exceeding +2mm in the divided areas, then using a long steel guiding rule to perform forward inspection along the brick array line, operating a leveling machine to move forward along the direction of the steel guiding rule inspection, and performing the inspection while grinding, wherein the flatness after grinding and leveling is 0.1mm, and the masonry flatness of the accurate masonry carbon brick is 0.5 mm.

2. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon bricks according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) of adjustable bolt fixing specifically comprises the following steps: the leveling scale steel plate is provided with an elevation adjusting long hole, the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the furnace bottom steel plate, the bolt is fixedly connected to the connecting piece, and the leveling scale steel plate is connected with the connecting piece through the elevation adjusting long hole and the bolt.

3. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon brick according to the claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps: the lower brick is hung with nylon and taken, and short distance is moved and is built by laying bricks or stones with hoist and mount hole special lifting device.

4. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon brick according to the claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps: the central lines of two vertical brick layers are aligned with the central line of the factory mark on the brick by the pulling line, the central brick is built towards two sides in the brick column direction after being fixed, and the side bricks are built one layer firstly and then are fixed.

5. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon brick according to the claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps: after the central brick row is built, two sides are built at the same time or one side is built, and a plurality of rows can not start simultaneously when one row is built; and firstly building a layer of material between the tamping wall and the cooling wall when more than 3 rows of the materials are built, and building a second layer of side bricks at an angle of 90 degrees and tamping the material.

6. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon brick according to the claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:

in-place: hoisting the carbon brick to a building position, placing the carbon brick well, checking whether the carbon brick is staggered with adjacent well-built bricks or not, and whether triangular seams appear in horizontal and vertical brick seams or not, and judging the height and the position of the bottom surface error;

leveling: grinding the part with local high bottom surface by a fine sand angle grinder, and leveling the part with local concave part by a material powder thin layer;

and (3) leaning and compacting: manually pressing the contact surface of the carbon bricks to be close and tight, and building several rows of bricks and then pressing the bricks by using a support until the brick joints are qualified;

seam checking: the most direct qualified standard for carbon brick masonry is that the horizontal brick joints and the vertical brick joints are less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

7. The method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon brick according to the claim 1, wherein the step 4) specifically comprises the following steps: and drawing grids at the bottom of the blast furnace, and measuring 60-100 points by using a precision level gauge in different areas to mark the height difference with the theoretical elevation.

8. The method for precisely constructing blast furnace carbon bricks according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) and the operation shovel move forward in an S-shaped path in the direction of the steel guiding rule inspection.

9. The method for precisely building the carbon bricks of the blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the length of the long steel guiding rule of the step 4) is more than 3M.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace refractory material masonry, in particular to a method for accurately building a blast furnace carbon brick.

Background

The blast furnace uses steel plate as furnace shell, and refractory brick lining is built in the shell. Because of the advantages of good economic index, simple process, large production capacity, high labor production efficiency, low energy consumption and the like of the blast furnace ironmaking technology, the iron produced by the method accounts for the vast majority of the total iron production in the world.

With the continuous progress of steel technology, modern blast furnaces are developed towards large-scale, high-efficiency and long-life. In order to adapt to the development of large-scale, high-efficiency and long-life of blast furnaces, the processing precision of carbon brick products is remarkably improved in recent years, the requirement on the building precision is extremely high, the requirement on the brick joint of the carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the requirement on the brick joint of an iron notch area is less than or equal to 0.3mm, the radius error of a hearth is +/-10 mm, and a new building construction method is required to be adopted in the construction process for the long-life building requirement of the blast furnace lining.

Improve the level precision of stove bottom screed-coat and become the problem of waiting to solve now for, carbon brick construction screed-coat elevation error 0- ~ -2mm in present stage. The leveling and grinding precision of the carbon bricks is urgently needed to be improved, and a new technology for accurately building the carbon bricks is urgently needed to meet the high-precision building requirement of the carbon bricks.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for accurately building the blast furnace carbon bricks, which improves the building precision of the blast furnace carbon bricks, achieves the brick joints of the carbon bricks being less than or equal to 0.5mm, the brick joints of the taphole area being less than or equal to 0.3mm, and the radius error of the hearth being +/-10 mm, and ensures the realization of the long-life design concept of the high-quality carbon bricks.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for accurately building a blast furnace carbon brick specifically comprises the following steps:

1) improving the accuracy of the elevation error of the leveling layer of the furnace bottom

The elevation error of the leveling layer steel plate of the furnace bottom is improved to 0 to-0.5 mm, the processing precision of the leveling layer steel plate is improved to the equipment level, and the allowable error from manufacturing to installation is not more than 0.5 mm.

The fixed mode of stove bottom screed-coat scale steel sheet adopts adjustable bolt fastening, processes the elevation on the scale steel sheet of making level and adjusts the slot hole, and the connecting piece rigid coupling is on stove bottom steel sheet, and the bolt rigid coupling is on the connecting piece, and scale steel sheet and connecting piece of making level pass through elevation regulation slot hole and bolted connection.

2) Clean masonry by dry method

The blast furnace carbon brick has high surface leveling precision, can meet the requirement of dry construction of the carbon brick, and simultaneously, because the carbon brick expands under the high-temperature working condition, the dry clean construction is selected, and carbon oil is not coated at brick seams. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate frequent movement of the carbon bricks in the building process, clamp hoisting holes are reserved before the carbon bricks leave a factory, and ramming materials are used for filling after building.

3) Method for precisely building blast furnace carbon bricks

The flatness of the bottom layer carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, then the brick is placed according to the brick numbers of the first center and the second side, a nylon hoisting belt is adopted for placing the brick, and a hoisting hole special hoisting tool is used for short-distance moving and building.

According to the central line of the brick layer on the furnace wall, the central brick of the central brick column is firstly built, two vertical central lines of the brick layer are aligned with the central line of the factory mark on the brick by a pull line, the central brick is built towards two sides in the direction of the brick column after being fixed, and the side bricks are firstly built by one layer and then fixed. After the central brick row is built, two sides can be built at the same time, and one side can also be built, and a plurality of rows of building in a row can not be started at the same time.

The side bricks are firstly built with a layer of materials between the left and right tamping and cooling walls after 3 rows of side bricks are built, and a second layer of side bricks is built and tamped at an angle of about 90 degrees. The building center line of the brick layer and the factory marking center line are checked in the course of building the blast furnace carbon bricks, and the accurate position of each carbon brick is ensured.

The operational key points during masonry are as follows: positioning, leveling, leaning on, and seam checking.

In-place: hoisting the carbon brick to a building position, placing the carbon brick well, checking whether the carbon brick is staggered with adjacent well-built bricks or not, and whether triangular seams appear in horizontal and vertical brick seams or not, and judging the height and the position of the bottom surface error;

leveling: grinding the part with local high bottom surface by a fine sand angle grinder, and leveling the part with local concave part by a material powder thin layer;

and (3) leaning and compacting: manually pressing the contact surface of the carbon bricks to be close and tight, and building several rows of bricks and then pressing the bricks by using a support until the brick joints are qualified;

seam checking: the most direct qualified standard for carbon brick masonry is that the horizontal brick joints and the vertical brick joints are less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

4) Improve the leveling and grinding precision of the carbon brick

After the carbon brick is fully laid at the bottom of the blast furnace and the construction of the carbon ramming mass is finished, firstly, rough grinding is carried out, staggered platforms and edges and corners between the carbon bricks are ground, after the carbon bricks are relatively flat and smooth, grids are drawn at the bottom of the blast furnace, and the height difference between the measured points and the theoretical elevation is marked by measuring 60-100 points by using a precision level in different areas. In the divided areas, firstly grinding local points with errors exceeding +2mm, then using a 3m long steel guiding rule to carry out forward inspection along the brick array line, operating a leveling machine to move forward along an S-shaped route along the inspection direction of the steel guiding rule, carrying out inspection while grinding, and repeatedly carrying out careful treatment until the flatness of the inner surface of the area meets the requirement. The flatness can reach 0.1mm after grinding and leveling, and the building flatness requirement of accurate building of carbon bricks is 0.5 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the fixing mode of the furnace bottom leveling layer scale steel plate is changed from a welding mode to an adjustable bolt fixing mode, the elevation error precision of the carbon brick masonry base plane of the blast furnace is improved, the elevation error of the furnace bottom leveling layer scale steel plate is improved from 0-2 mm to 0-0.5 mm, and the grinding and leveling workload of the carbon bricks is greatly reduced.

2) The invention improves the construction mode of carbon applying oil into the dry clean construction, and can meet the dry construction of the carbon brick due to the high surface leveling precision of the blast furnace carbon brick; and the dry clean masonry method is selected, so that the expansion of the carbon bricks under the high-temperature working condition can be better adapted, and the masonry precision is improved.

3) In order to facilitate frequently moving the carbon bricks in the building process, the clamp hoisting holes are reserved before the carbon bricks leave a factory and are filled with the ramming materials after building, so that the carbon bricks are safe and reliable and are superior to vacuum sucker cranes.

4) The invention adopts the accurate masonry method of the blast furnace carbon brick, the flatness can reach 0.1mm after grinding and leveling, and the masonry flatness of the accurate masonry carbon brick is 0.5 mm.

The method is applied to actual production, and realizes that the flatness error of the whole layer of the carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, 100% of horizontal brick joints, vertical brick joints and radial brick joints of the carbon brick are less than or equal to 0.5mm, 100% of brick joints in an iron notch area are less than or equal to 0.3mm, and the radius error of the hearth is +/-10 mm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an adjustable bolt fastening structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-leveling layer scale steel plate 2-elevation adjusting stroke hole 3-bolt 4-angle steel

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[ examples ] A method for producing a compound

As shown in fig. 1, a method for accurately building a blast furnace carbon brick specifically includes:

1) improving the accuracy of the elevation error of the leveling layer of the furnace bottom

The elevation error of the leveling layer steel plate of the furnace bottom is improved from 0 to-2 mm to 0 to-0.5 mm, and the processing precision of the upper surface of the leveling layer steel plate is improved to the equipment level, and the error is not more than 50 (0.5mm) from the manufacturing to the installation.

The fixing mode of the furnace bottom leveling layer scale steel plate is changed from a welding mode to an adjustable bolt fixing mode, the angle steel 4 is welded and fixed on the furnace bottom steel plate, the bolt 3 is welded on the angle steel 4 according to the mode shown in figure 1, the leveling layer scale steel plate 1 is drilled during machining, the stroke hole 2 is adjusted by vertically machining the elevation, and the elevation error measured by a precision level gauge is 0-minus 0.5mm during installation and is fixed by the bolt. The improvement improves the elevation error precision of the blast furnace carbon brick masonry base plane, and greatly reduces the carbon brick grinding and leveling workload.

2) The original construction method of carbon oil is changed into the dry clean construction

The blast furnace carbon brick has high surface leveling precision, can meet the requirement of dry construction of the carbon brick, and simultaneously, because the carbon brick expands under the high-temperature working condition, the dry clean construction is selected, and carbon oil is not coated on brick joints, so that the construction precision is improved.

Meanwhile, in order to facilitate frequent movement of the carbon bricks in the building process, phi 35mm fixture hoisting holes are reserved before the carbon bricks leave a factory, and the carbon bricks are filled with ramming materials after building, so that the carbon bricks are safe and reliable to be superior to vacuum sucker cranes.

3) Method for precisely building blast furnace carbon bricks

When the blast furnace carbon brick is built, the flatness requirement of the bottom carbon brick must be less than or equal to 0.5mm, then the brick is placed according to the brick numbers of the first center and the second side, a nylon hoisting belt is used for placing the brick, and a hoisting hole special hoisting tool is used for short-distance moving and building.

According to the central line of the brick layer on the furnace wall, firstly building a central brick of the central brick row, aligning two vertical central lines of the brick layer with the central line of the factory mark on the brick by using a pull line, building a layer of central bricks in the direction of the brick row to two sides after the central bricks are fixed, and then building a layer of side bricks firstly and fixing the side bricks by using a bidirectional large wood wedge.

After the central brick row is built, two sides can be built at the same time, and one side can also be built, and a plurality of rows of building in a row can not be started at the same time. Firstly, building a layer of RST 16ECO material between the left and right rows of bricks to be built and the cooling wall, and building a second layer of bricks at an angle of about 90 degrees and tamping the materials.

Build blast furnace carbon brick and want the check brick layer of service to build central line and leave factory mark central line by laying bricks or stones, guarantee that every carbon brick position is accurate, the operation main points are when building bricks or stones: positioning, leveling, leaning on, and seam checking.

In-place: and hoisting the carbon bricks to the building position, placing the carbon bricks, checking whether the carbon bricks are staggered from adjacent built qualified bricks or not, and whether triangular seams appear in horizontal and vertical brick seams or not, and judging the height and the position of the bottom surface error.

Leveling: the dislocation and the triangular gap are generated only when the bottom surface is uneven, the part with local high bottom surface is grinded by a fine sand angle grinder, and the part with local concave bottom surface is leveled by a thin layer of RST 18ECO material powder.

And (3) leaning and compacting: manually pressing the contact surface of the carbon brick to be close to the solid, and pressing the support to be tight after building several rows until the brick joint is qualified.

Seam checking: operators need to check joints at any time without leaving the clearance gauge, and the most direct qualified standard for carbon brick construction is that the horizontal brick joints and the vertical brick joints are less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

4) Improve the leveling and grinding precision of the carbon brick

The key points of the leveling grinding and the masonry brick joint control of the carbon bricks are the key links of reducing air gaps, improving the molten iron corrosion resistance of the furnace lining in the process of constructing the furnace lining and enabling the blast furnace to be used for a long time. After the carbon brick is fully laid at the bottom of the blast furnace and the construction of the carbon ramming mass is finished, firstly, rough grinding is carried out, staggered platforms and edges and corners between the carbon bricks are ground, after the carbon bricks are relatively flat and smooth, grids are drawn at the bottom of the blast furnace, and the height difference between the measured points and the theoretical elevation is marked by measuring 60-100 points by using a precision level in different areas. In the divided areas, firstly grinding local points with errors exceeding +2mm, then using a 3m long steel guiding rule to carry out forward inspection along the brick array line, operating a leveling machine to move forward along an S-shaped route along the inspection direction of the steel guiding rule, carrying out inspection while grinding, and repeatedly carrying out careful treatment until the flatness of the inner surface of the area meets the requirement. The flatness can reach 0.1mm after grinding and leveling, and the building flatness requirement of accurate building of carbon bricks is 0.5 mm.

The method is applied to actual production, improves the building precision of the carbon brick of the blast furnace, and realizes that the flatness error of the whole layer of the carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, 100 percent of the horizontal brick joint, the vertical brick joint and the radial brick joint of the carbon brick is less than or equal to 0.5mm, 100 percent of the brick joint of an iron notch area is less than or equal to 0.3mm, and the radius error of a furnace hearth is +/-10 mm. The realization of the long-life design concept of the high-quality carbon bricks is ensured, and the development requirements of the blast furnace towards large scale, high efficiency and long life are met.

The above embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.