阅读说明：本技术 一种金属陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法 (Metal ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 周景纬 方思懿 王彩芸 于 2021-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金属陶瓷复合材料,涉及金属陶瓷复合材料制备技术领域,按质量份计,包括以下粉末组份：60-90份硬质相；1-5份Ni；1-5份Cr；1-5份Mo；1-2份Cu；0.5-1份Ag；0.1-0.5份Y；1-1.5份ZrC；1-1.5份VC,0.1-0.3份C；本发明通过组份间的配合,制备得到的金属陶瓷复合材料强度高,耐腐蚀能力好。(The invention discloses a metal ceramic composite material, which relates to the technical field of metal ceramic composite material preparation and comprises the following powder components in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of a hard phase; 1-5 parts of Ni; 1-5 parts of Cr; 1-5 parts of Mo; 1-2 parts of Cu; 0.5-1 part of Ag; 0.1-0.5 part of Y; 1-1.5 parts of ZrC; 1-1.5 parts of VC and 0.1-0.3 part of C; the metal ceramic composite material prepared by the invention has high strength and good corrosion resistance through the matching of the components.)

1. The metal ceramic composite material is characterized by comprising the following powder components in parts by mass:

60-90 parts of a hard phase;

1-5 parts of Ni;

1-5 parts of Cr;

1-5 parts of Mo;

1-2 parts of Cu;

0.5-1 part of Ag;

0.1-0.5 part of Y;

1-1.5 parts of ZrC;

1 to 1.5 portions of VC,

0.1-0.3 part of C.

2. The cermet composite material according to claim 1, characterised in that the hard phase powder comprises Cr₃C₂。

3. A cermet composite material according to claim 1 characterised in that the composite powder has an average particle size of 10-20 μm.

4. The preparation method of the metal ceramic composite material is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) vacuum drying the raw material powder;

(2) mixing the raw material powders;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

5. The cermet composite material of claim 4, wherein the vacuum drying in step (1) is performed at 100-120 ℃ for 1-3 h.

6. The cermet composite material of claim 4, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding in step (3) is 2200-2400W.

7. The cermet composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that the scanning speed of laser cladding in step (3) is 5-7 mm/s.

8. The cermet composite material according to claim 4, wherein the size of the laser-clad rectangular spot in step (3) is (10-13) mm x (1-2) mm.

9. The cermet composite material of claim 4, wherein Ag and Y are mixed and added in step (2) as a polymer support, and the polymer support is prepared by granulating the base of Ag, Y and polystyrene.

10. The cermet composite material according to claim 9, characterised in that the ratio by mass of Ag, Y powder and polystyrene is 1-3: 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal ceramic composite material preparation, in particular to a metal ceramic composite material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of the industries such as economy flight and aerospace, metallurgy and the like, the requirements of people on the used materials are higher and higher, and the metal ceramic is a structural material consisting of a ceramic hard phase and a metal or alloy bonding phase. The metal ceramic not only keeps the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, chemical stability and the like of the ceramic, but also has better metal toughness and plasticity. However, the existing metal ceramic material still has the defects of complex production process, high production cost and weak corrosion resistance. In addition, the harm and loss brought to the production and life of human beings by corrosion far exceed the total loss caused by natural disasters such as fire, wind, flood and earthquake, wherein the metal loss caused by corrosion accounts for 30 percent of the total metal yield, 20 percent of the metal loss cannot be recycled, and the economic loss accounts for 2 to 8 percent of the total national economic value, so the research and development of the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material are not easy to delay.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a metal ceramic composite material and a preparation method thereof in order to overcome the technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

60-90 parts of a hard phase;

1-5 parts of Ni;

1-5 parts of Cr;

1-5 parts of Mo;

1-2 parts of Cu;

0.5-1 part of Ag;

0.1-0.5 part of Y;

1-1.5 parts of ZrC;

1 to 1.5 portions of VC,

0.1-0.3 part of C.

The hard phase powder in the invention does not melt in the cladding process, can be uniformly dispersed in a molten pool and used as a hard phase, thereby increasing the strength and hardness of the composite material.

The Ni can be completely melted during cladding, and after the Ni is added, the toughness of the composite material can be increased, the internal stress of the composite material can be reduced, and therefore the generation of cracks can be eliminated.

The addition of Mo can promote the refinement of the crystal, thereby improving the friction resistance of the material.

The addition of Cr can improve the strength, hardness and corrosion resistance of the material.

The addition of Ag and Y can form YAg alloy, and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved.

The addition of ZrC and VC can effectively inhibit the growth of crystal grains, and improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the material.

The metal ceramic composite material prepared by the invention has high strength and good corrosion capability through the matching of the components.

Preferably, the hard phase powder comprises Cr₃C₂。

Preferably, the composite powder has an average particle size of 10 to 20 microns.

A preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) vacuum drying the raw material powder;

(2) mixing the raw material powders;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Preferably, the vacuum drying in step (1) is drying at 100-120 ℃ for 1-3 h.

Preferably, the laser power of the laser cladding in the step (3) is 2200-.

Preferably, the scanning speed of the laser cladding in the step (3) is 5-7 mm/s.

Preferably, the size of the laser cladding rectangular light spot in the step (3) is (10-13) mm x (1-2) mm.

Preferably, in step (2), the Ag and Y are added in admixture as a polymer support prepared by granulating a base of Ag, Y powder and polystyrene to produce a polymer support.

Because Ag, Y powder have better corrosion resisting property when producing YAg alloy, and because the content is lower, lie in when all the other powders are added together, can't produce the alloy effectively, consequently add through the form of polymer load, when forming the cladding layer, polymer polystyrene volatilizes fast, Ag, Y powder can obtain the release this moment, and be closer, form YAg alloy more easily to promote corrosion-resistant ability.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the Ag powder to the Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3: 5.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the metal ceramic composite material prepared by the invention has high strength and good corrosion resistance through the matching of the components.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

80 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

2 parts of Cr;

3 parts of Mo;

1.5 parts of Cu;

0.8 part of Ag;

0.3 part of Y;

1.2 parts of ZrC;

1.3 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 2 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 2:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

60 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

1 part of Ni;

1 part of Cr;

1 part of Mo;

1 part of Cu;

0.5 part of Ag;

0.1 part of Y;

1 part of ZrC;

1 part of VC,

0.1 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 10 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 100 ℃ for 3 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2200W, the scanning speed is 5mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 10mm multiplied by 1mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 3:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

90 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

5 parts of Ni;

5 parts of Cr;

5 parts of Mo;

2 parts of Cu;

1 part of Ag;

0.5 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

1.5 portions of VC,

0.3 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 20 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 120 deg.C for 1 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-5;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2400W, the scanning speed is 7mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 13mm multiplied by 2mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 4:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

60 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

5 parts of Ni;

3 parts of Cr;

2 parts of Mo;

2 parts of Cu;

0.5 part of Ag;

0.3 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

1 part of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 10 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 1 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2400W, the scanning speed is 7mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 13mm multiplied by 2mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 5:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

90 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

5 parts of Ni;

3 parts of Cr;

2 parts of Mo;

1 part of Cu;

1 part of Ag;

0.5 part of Y;

1 part of ZrC;

1.5 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 10 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 3 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-5;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 6:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

80 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

2 parts of Ni;

3 parts of Cr;

4 parts of Mo;

2 parts of Cu;

1 part of Ag;

0.4 part of Y;

1.4 parts of ZrC;

1.2 parts of VC,

0.1 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 20 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 120 deg.C for 1 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 7:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

75 parts of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

3 parts of Cr;

4 parts of Mo;

2 parts of Cu;

0.5 part of Ag;

0.1 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

1.5 portions of VC,

0.3 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 20 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 100 ℃ for 1 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Example 8:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

70 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

1 part of Ni;

3 parts of Cr;

5 parts of Mo;

2 parts of Cu;

0.5 part of Ag;

0.4 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

1.3 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 100 ℃ for 3 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 1:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

80 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

2 parts of Cr;

3 parts of Mo;

1.5 parts of Cu;

0.3 part of Y;

1.2 parts of ZrC;

1.3 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 2 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 2:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

80 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

2 parts of Cr;

3 parts of Mo;

1.5 parts of Cu;

0.8 part of Ag;

1.2 parts of ZrC;

1.3 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 2 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 3:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

100 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

4 parts of Cr;

2 parts of Mo;

3 parts of Cu;

0.5 part of Ag;

0.5 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

2 parts of VC,

0.5 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 1-3 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag powder, Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag powder to the Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3: 5;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 4:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

50 parts of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

8 parts of Ni;

2 parts of Cr;

1 part of Mo;

0.5 part of Cu;

2 parts of Ag;

0.1 part of Y;

0.5 part of ZrC;

2 parts of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 13 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 3 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-3;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 5:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

70 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

0.5 part of Cr;

7 parts of Mo;

0.3 part of Cu;

2 parts of Ag;

0.1 part of Y;

1.5 parts of ZrC;

1.5 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 2 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders; the preparation method of the polymer load comprises the steps of carrying out basic granulation on Ag and Y powder and polystyrene to prepare the polymer load, wherein the mass ratio of the Ag to Y powder to the polystyrene is 1-4;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

Comparative example 6:

the metal ceramic composite material comprises the following powder components in parts by mass:

80 portions of hard phase Cr₃C₂；

3 parts of Ni;

2 parts of Cr;

3 parts of Mo;

1.5 parts of Cu;

0.8 part of Ag;

0.3 part of Y;

1.2 parts of ZrC;

1.3 portions of VC,

0.2 part of C;

the average particle size of the powder was 15 microns;

a preparation method of a metal ceramic composite material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) drying the raw material powder at 110 ℃ for 2 h;

(2) mixing the raw material powders;

(3) and carrying out laser cladding under protective gas by adopting a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser power of the laser cladding is 2300W, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 11mm multiplied by 1.5mm, so as to prepare the corrosion-resistant metal ceramic composite material.

The hardness and corrosion resistance of the cermet composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were characterized, and the results are shown in the following table.

From the above data, it can be seen that the cermet composite materials prepared in the examples of the present invention have excellent hardness and corrosion resistance, and from the comparative examples, the cermet composite materials lack one of Ag and Y, or are not added in the form of a polymer support, or are not formulated within the range defined by the present invention, and thus have poor hardness and corrosion resistance.