阅读说明：本技术 一种换热管及换热器 (Heat exchange tube and heat exchanger ) 是由 韩军 孙文浩 陈悦 程娅楠 于 2021-02-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种换热管及换热器,属于化工传热技术领域。换热器包括换热管,该换热管包括换热管本体,换热管本体的内壁面上设置有多孔层结构,换热管本体的外壁面上环向设置有多个凹槽结构,换热管本体的管内为待气化液体,换热管本体的管外为待液化气体；或换热管本体的内壁面上环向设置有凹槽结构,换热管本体的外壁面上设置有多孔层结构,换热管本体的管内为待液化气体,换热管本体的管外为待气化液体；凹槽结构沿换热管本体的轴线方向延伸。该换热管的传热效率高,提高了换热器的换热效率；节省能耗,从而降低了成本。(The invention discloses a heat exchange tube and a heat exchanger, and belongs to the technical field of chemical heat transfer. The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube comprises a heat exchange tube body, a porous layer structure is arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, a plurality of groove structures are annularly arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, liquid to be gasified is arranged in the heat exchange tube body, and liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the heat exchange tube body; or a groove structure is arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body in the circumferential direction, a porous layer structure is arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, liquid to be gasified is arranged in the tube of the heat exchange tube body, and liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body; the groove structure extends along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube body. The heat exchange tube has high heat transfer efficiency, and improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger; the energy consumption is saved, thereby reducing the cost.)

1. The heat exchange tube is characterized by comprising a heat exchange tube body (1), wherein a porous layer structure is arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body (1), a plurality of groove structures (11) are annularly arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body (1), liquid to be gasified is arranged in the tube of the heat exchange tube body (1), and liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body (1);

or the groove structure (11) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body (1) in the circumferential direction, the porous layer structure is arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body (1), the liquid to be gasified is arranged in the tube of the heat exchange tube body (1), and the liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body (1);

the groove structure (11) extends along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube body (1).

2. A heat exchange tube according to claim 1, characterised in that the groove structure (11) is a straight groove.

3. The heat exchange tube according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the straight grooves are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body (1).

4. The heat exchange tube of claim 2, wherein the straight groove is a V-groove or a U-groove.

5. A heat exchange tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove structure (11) is a spiral groove.

6. The heat exchange tube of claim 5, wherein the spiral groove is a V-groove or a U-groove.

7. The heat exchange tube according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a nickel-based transition layer is arranged between the heat exchange tube body (1) and the porous layer structure.

8. The heat exchange tube according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the porosity of the porous layer structure is more than 25%, the thickness of the porous layer structure is 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and the diameter of the hole of the porous layer structure is 30 μm to 200 μm.

9. A heat exchange tube according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the groove structure (11) is formed integrally with the tube body (1).

10. A heat exchanger comprising the heat exchange tube according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical heat transfer, in particular to a heat exchange tube and a heat exchanger.

Background

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger, also called tubular heat exchanger, is a dividing wall type heat exchanger using the wall surface of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface, the heat exchanger has simple structure and reliable operation, can be used under high temperature and high pressure, and is the heat exchanger which is most widely applied at present.

The heat exchange tube is used as the most main part of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the performance of the heat exchange tube directly determines the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. The traditional heat exchange tube has low heat transfer efficiency, and not only needs to adopt a large-scale heat exchanger to meet the heat exchange requirement of the heat exchanger, but also needs a high-quality heat source, and has high cost and large energy consumption.

Therefore, a heat exchange tube and a heat exchanger with high heat transfer efficiency and energy saving are needed to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heat exchange tube and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchange tube has high heat transfer efficiency, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved; the energy consumption is saved, thereby reducing the cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a heat exchange tube comprises a heat exchange tube body, wherein a porous layer structure is arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, a plurality of groove structures are annularly arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, liquid to be gasified is arranged in the tube of the heat exchange tube body, and liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body;

or the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body is annularly provided with the groove structure, the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body is provided with the porous layer structure, liquid to be gasified is arranged in the tube of the heat exchange tube body, and liquid to be gasified is arranged outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body;

the groove structure extends along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube body.

As a preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the groove structure is a straight groove.

As an optimal technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the straight grooves are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body.

As a preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the straight groove is a V-shaped groove or a U-shaped groove.

As a preferable technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the groove structure is a spiral groove.

As a preferable technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the spiral groove is a V-shaped groove or a U-shaped groove.

As a preferable technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, a nickel-based transition layer is arranged between the heat exchange tube body and the porous layer structure.

As a preferable technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the porosity of the porous layer structure is more than 25%, the thickness of the porous layer structure is 0.2 mm-0.5 mm, and the hole diameter of the porous layer structure is 30 μm-200 μm.

As a preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange tube, the groove structure and the heat exchange tube body are integrally formed.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a heat exchanger comprising the heat exchange tube as described above.

The invention provides a heat exchange tube and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube body, the heat exchange tube comprises a porous layer structure arranged on one of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, the other one is annularly provided with a plurality of groove structures, the groove structures extend along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube body, the porous layer structure comprises a large number of vaporization cores, liquid to be vaporized can be more easily boiled under the same temperature difference condition, and disturbance caused by rising of bubbles is more severe, so that a heat source with lower quality can be adopted, energy is saved, and the cost is reduced; the groove structure can guide the condensate of the liquefied gas to be quickly separated from the wall surface of the heat exchange tube body, reduce the thickness of the liquid film, reduce the heat transfer resistance and improve the heat transfer coefficient of the condensation side; the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube is greatly improved by adopting the porous layer structure and the groove structure to simultaneously enhance heat transfer to the boiling side and the condensation side, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved, the size of equipment is effectively reduced, and the one-time investment of the equipment is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the transverse direction of another heat exchange tube provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a heat exchange tube body; 11. and (4) a groove structure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a heat exchange tube, which includes a heat exchange tube body 1, a porous layer structure is disposed on an inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1, a plurality of groove structures 11 are circumferentially disposed on an outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1, a liquid to be gasified, i.e., a boiling side, is disposed inside the tube of the heat exchange tube body 1, and a liquefied gas to be gasified, i.e., a condensing side, is disposed outside the tube of the heat exchange tube body 1; or the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is annularly provided with a groove structure 11, the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is provided with a porous layer structure, the interior of the heat exchange tube body 1 is a side for condensing the liquefied gas to be gasified, and the exterior of the heat exchange tube body 1 is a side for boiling the liquid to be gasified; the groove structure 11 extends in the axial direction of the heat exchange tube body 1.

The porous layer structure comprises a large number of vaporization cores, liquid to be vaporized can be more easily boiled under the same temperature difference condition, disturbance caused by rising of bubbles is more severe, and the temperature difference required by boiling of the heat exchange tube provided with the porous layer structure is only 1/7-1/4 of that of a common light tube, so that a heat source with lower quality can be adopted, energy is saved, and cost is reduced; the groove structure 11 can guide the condensate of the liquefied gas to be quickly separated from the wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1, reduce the thickness of the liquid film, reduce the heat transfer resistance and improve the heat transfer coefficient of the condensation side; the porous layer structure and the groove structure 11 are adopted to simultaneously carry out enhanced heat transfer on the boiling side and the condensation side, the heat transfer coefficient of the condensation side can be improved by 1.3-2.5 times, the heat transfer coefficient of the boiling side can be improved by 3-8 times, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube is greatly improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is further improved, so that the size of equipment is effectively reduced, and the one-time investment of the equipment is reduced; and the groove structure 11 and the porous layer structure can increase the heat transfer area of the heat exchange tube to a certain extent, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the equipment.

It should be noted that, in a general vertical heat exchanger, the inside of the heat exchange tube is a boiling side, and the outside of the heat exchange tube is a condensing side, so in the vertical heat exchanger, the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is provided with a porous layer structure, and the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is provided with a plurality of groove structures 11; in a horizontal heat exchanger, the inside of the heat exchange tube is a condensation side, and the outside of the heat exchange tube is a boiling side, so that in the horizontal heat exchanger, the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is provided with a plurality of groove structures 11, and the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1 is provided with a porous layer structure.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the groove structure 11 is a straight groove. Further preferably, the plurality of straight grooves are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube body 1. Furthermore, the straight groove is a V-shaped groove or a U-shaped groove. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the groove structure 11 is a spiral groove. Preferably, the spiral groove is a V-shaped groove or a U-shaped groove.

The parameters of the groove structures 11 mainly include the number of the groove structures 11, the minimum wall thickness a of the heat exchange tube body 1 at the groove structures 11, the groove depth b, the groove vertex angle c, the spiral angle d and the like. Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the groove structure 11 is a straight groove, 36 straight grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction of the heat exchange tube body 1, the minimum wall thickness of the heat exchange tube body 1 at the groove structure is 1.5mm, the groove depth is 1.5mm, the groove vertex angle is 67 °, the machined surface does not have defects such as scabs, folds, cracks and the like, burrs on the machined surface are removed, and the bottom and the top of the groove structure 11 are rounded; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the groove structure 11 is a spiral groove, 20 spiral grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction of the heat exchange tube body 1, the minimum wall thickness of the heat exchange tube body 1 at the groove structure is 1.1mm, the groove depth is 0.4mm, the groove vertex angle is 11 degrees, the spiral angle is 30 degrees, the machined surface cannot have the defects of scabbing, folding, cracking and the like, and the bottom and the top of the groove structure 11 are both rounded. It should be noted that, in the process of actually using the heat exchange tube, the parameters of the groove structure 11 can be adjusted according to the physical properties of different media.

Generally, in a vertical heat exchanger, condensate flows from top to bottom under the action of gravity, so that a heat exchange tube in the vertical heat exchanger generally adopts a straight groove, so that the condensate can be led out of the vertical heat exchanger while being quickly separated from the wall surface of the heat exchange tube body; in the horizontal heat exchanger, because the condensate needs to be gathered at the bottom of the heat exchange tube and then is led out from the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is in a horizontal state, in order to enable the condensate to be gathered at the bottom of the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube of the horizontal heat exchanger generally adopts a spiral groove, the spiral groove has a component in the horizontal direction and a component in the vertical direction, the condensate can be gathered at the bottom of the heat exchange tube along the spiral groove after being rapidly dropped off, and the condensate can be led out of the heat exchange tube.

In this embodiment, the material of the porous layer structure may be aluminum alloy powder, iron powder, or copper-nickel alloy powder, and the material of the porous layer structure needs to be matched with the material of the heat exchange tube body 1.

Preferably, a nickel-based transition layer is arranged between the heat exchange tube body 1 and the porous layer structure so as to ensure the strength of the porous layer structure and effectively prolong the service life of the heat exchange tube.

Preferably, the porosity of the porous layer structure is more than 25%, the thickness of the porous layer structure is 0.2 mm-0.5 mm, and the diameter of the hole of the porous layer structure is 30 μm-200 μm to ensure the strengthening effect.

Preferably, the groove structure 11 is integrally formed with the heat exchange tube body 1. By utilizing a special die and adopting a cold-drawing processing mode, the seamless steel pipe with the base pipe in the pipe or outside the pipe and the groove structure 11 is obtained, the groove structure 11 and the heat exchange pipe body 1 are integrally formed, the stress generated by secondary processing is avoided, the processing flow is simplified, and the mechanical performance of the heat exchange pipe is improved.

The embodiment also provides a heat exchanger, which comprises the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube with high heat transfer efficiency is adopted, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.