阅读说明：本技术 一种应用于高熔点材料的激光熔体静电直写装置及方法 (Laser melt electrostatic direct writing device and method applied to high-melting-point material ) 是由 李秀红 李好义 杨为民 张道德 胡新宇 魏琼 张楚鹏 叶旭辉 彭毓杰 于 2020-12-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种应用于高熔点材料的激光熔体静电直写装置及方法,包括三维接收平台、材料输送系统、激光分束加热系统、高压静电发生系统和温度控制系统；其中,三维接收平台根据制品要求调控三个方向的运动从而形成三维制品；材料输送系统包括静电纺丝材料和喂料单元,喂料单元将静电纺丝材料向下输送；激光分束加热系统包括激光发射器、分束反射装置和激光接收器,激光发射器发射的激光经过分束反射装置分为两束,一束用于熔融静电纺丝材料下端,一束防止纺丝射流达到接收板前固化；高压静电发生系统用于形成高压静电场；温度控制系统用于调节纺丝纤维的固化过程。本发明可应用于高熔点有机、无机材料高精密制品的加工制造。(The invention discloses a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device and a method applied to high-melting-point materials, wherein the device comprises a three-dimensional receiving platform, a material conveying system, a laser beam splitting and heating system, a high-voltage electrostatic generating system and a temperature control system; the three-dimensional receiving platform regulates and controls the movement in three directions according to the requirement of the product so as to form a three-dimensional product; the material conveying system comprises an electrostatic spinning material and a feeding unit, and the feeding unit conveys the electrostatic spinning material downwards; the laser beam splitting and heating system comprises a laser transmitter, a beam splitting and reflecting device and a laser receiver, wherein laser emitted by the laser transmitter is split into two beams by the beam splitting and reflecting device, one beam is used for melting the lower end of the electrostatic spinning material, and the other beam prevents spinning jet flow from reaching the front of the receiving plate and solidifying; the high-voltage electrostatic generating system is used for forming a high-voltage electrostatic field; the temperature control system is used for regulating the solidification process of the spinning fiber. The invention can be applied to the processing and manufacturing of high-melting-point organic and inorganic material high-precision products.)

1. The utility model provides a be applied to laser melt static direct writing device of high melting point material which characterized in that: the device comprises a three-dimensional receiving platform, a material conveying system, a laser beam splitting and heating system, a high-voltage static electricity generating system and a temperature control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the three-dimensional receiving platform comprises a three-dimensional moving platform and a receiving plate fixedly connected above the three-dimensional moving platform, the three-dimensional moving platform moves in X, Y and Z directions, and the movement of the receiving plate in three directions is regulated and controlled according to the requirements of the product, so that the three-dimensional product is formed;

the material conveying system comprises an electrostatic spinning material and a feeding unit, and the feeding unit conveys the electrostatic spinning material downwards;

the laser beam splitting and heating system comprises a laser transmitter, a beam splitting and reflecting device and a laser receiver, wherein laser emitted by the laser transmitter is split into two beams by the beam splitting and reflecting device, one beam is used for melting the lower end of the electrostatic spinning material, the other beam prevents spinning jet from reaching the front of the receiving plate and solidifying, and the laser receiver is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser generator;

the high-voltage electrostatic generation system is used for forming a high-voltage electrostatic field between the lower end of the material and the three-dimensional motion platform;

the temperature control system is used for adjusting the solidification process of the spinning fibers.

2. The laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting point materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrostatic spinning material comprises a hollow material pipe and a graphite carbon rod, wherein the graphite carbon rod is positioned in the hollow material pipe, the lower end of the graphite carbon rod is in a frustum tip shape, and the lower end of the hollow material pipe is attached to the frustum tip of the graphite carbon rod after being melted.

3. The laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting point materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: the feeding unit comprises a feeding roller and a power system, the power system is used for driving the feeding roller, the feeding roller is arranged on two sides of the hollow material pipe, and the feeding speed of the feeding roller is adjusted according to the spinning speed to convey the hollow material pipe to move downwards.

4. The electrostatic direct writing device for the high-melting-point laser melt is characterized in that: the beam splitting and reflecting device comprises a collimating lens, a beam expander, a beam splitter and a reflector, wherein a laser transmitter is arranged on one side of the bottom of the electrostatic spinning material, a laser receiver is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the electrostatic spinning material, the beam splitter is arranged between the laser transmitter and the melt electrostatic spinning material, the reflector is arranged at the lower end of the beam splitter, laser transmitted by the laser transmitter passes through the beam splitter and then is divided into two beams, one beam acts on the molten melt electrostatic spinning material along the original path and then is received by the laser receiver, and the other beam acts on the spinning jet flow and then is acted on the spinning jet flow through the beam expander and the collimating lens in sequence after the reflector receives the laser receiver.

5. The laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting point materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: the high-voltage static generating system comprises a high-voltage static generator and a grounding electrode, the high-voltage static generator is connected to the upper end of the graphite carbon rod, and the three-dimensional motion platform is directly or indirectly connected with the grounding electrode.

6. The laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting point materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature control system comprises a heating rod arranged in the receiving plate, and the temperature controller is connected with the heating rod to adjust the temperature of the heating rod so as to adjust the solidification process of the spinning fibers.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is applied to the laser melt electrostatic direct writing of the high melting point material, and is characterized in that: and a heat insulation plate is arranged between the receiving plate and the three-dimensional motion platform and used for protecting the three-dimensional motion platform.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is applied to the laser melt electrostatic direct writing of the high melting point material, and is characterized in that: the laser emitter is a carbon dioxide laser.

9. A method for applying to a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device of a high melting point material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1, mounting a hollow material pipe to be flush with the tip of a frustum at the lower end of a graphite carbon rod;

s2, starting a laser emitter, and adjusting the power of the laser emitter according to the requirement of the melt spinning temperature of the hollow material pipe;

s3, adjusting the feeding speed of the feeding roller based on the melting speed of the hollow material pipe;

s4, after the tip of the graphite carbon rod frustum is uniformly covered with the melt, starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and adjusting spinning voltage until the melt forms jet flow under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field; adjusting a temperature controller of the receiving plate to a proper temperature based on the spinning jet flow solidification requirement;

s5, starting a preset three-dimensional motion platform motion mode according to the product model, and starting a product printing program;

and S6, after a period of time, closing the high-voltage electrostatic generator, the feeding roller and the carbon dioxide laser in sequence after the product is molded, and then taking out the product to finish the laser melt electrostatic direct writing of the high-precision high-melting-point product.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic spinning, and particularly relates to a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device and method applied to high-melting-point materials.

Background

3D printing is also called additive manufacturing, and is a method for realizing the molding manufacturing of a product by printing adhesive materials such as powdered metal or plastic layer by layer on the basis of a digital model file. The technology combines the precise digital technology, the repeatability of a factory and the freedom of craftsman design, and has the advantages of short production period, low cost, diversified products and the like, but the product wire obtained by the technology has lower precision, and the development and the application of the product wire are seriously restricted. Melt electrostatic spinning is a technology for forming superfine fibers by overcoming surface tension of melt under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field. The products obtained by the technology are mostly in a two-dimensional structure of lines, belts and films. Therefore, the 3D printing technology and the melt electrostatic spinning technology are combined, the problem that the precision of a 3D printing wire rod is low can be solved, and the expansion of a two-dimensional structure of an electrostatic spinning product to a three-dimensional structure can be realized.

The glass fiber prepared by taking a high-melting-point material such as glass as a raw material is an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance, has good insulativity, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, and is widely applied to the fields of optical fiber communication, optical sensing, laser direct writing and the like as an optical fiber. The traditional optical glass fiber is usually manufactured by a physical drawing method, and has the defects of complex preparation process, high equipment requirement, poor repeatability and the like, so that the batch production cannot be realized. The melt electrostatic direct writing technology combines the advantages of 3D printing and melt electrostatic spinning, and the melt electrostatic direct writing technology is an effective way for preparing high-melting-point products with controllable shapes in batches as a simple, environment-friendly and efficient controllable micro-nano fiber manufacturing technology. Meanwhile, the melting temperature and viscosity of high-melting-point materials such as glass are high, and the materials are rarely researched to be used as raw materials of 3D printing and melt electrostatic spinning technologies, so that the laser melt electrostatic direct writing device and method applied to the high-melting-point materials are designed, and the device and method have important scientific research significance and application prospects.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device and a laser melt electrostatic direct writing method for high-melting-point materials, wherein a hollow material pipe is used as a raw material, 3D printing and a laser melt electrostatic spinning technology are combined, and high-precision and rapid molding of high-melting-point products is realized by adjusting the feeding speed of a feeding roller, electrostatic spinning process parameters (voltage and spinning distance), the power of a laser emitter and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting-point materials comprises a three-dimensional receiving platform, a material conveying system, a laser beam splitting and heating system, a high-voltage electrostatic generating system and a temperature control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the three-dimensional receiving platform comprises a three-dimensional moving platform and a receiving plate fixedly connected above the three-dimensional moving platform, the three-dimensional moving platform moves in X, Y and Z directions, and the movement of the receiving plate in three directions is regulated and controlled according to the requirements of the product, so that the three-dimensional product is formed;

the material conveying system comprises an electrostatic spinning material and a feeding unit, and the feeding unit conveys the electrostatic spinning material downwards;

the laser beam splitting and heating system comprises a laser transmitter, a beam splitting and reflecting device and a laser receiver, wherein laser emitted by the laser transmitter is split into two beams by the beam splitting and reflecting device, one beam is used for melting the lower end of the electrostatic spinning material, the other beam prevents spinning jet from reaching the front of the receiving plate and solidifying, and the laser receiver is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser generator;

the high-voltage electrostatic generation system is used for forming a high-voltage electrostatic field between the lower end of the material and the three-dimensional motion platform;

the temperature control system is used for adjusting the solidification process of the spinning fibers.

Further, the melt electrostatic spinning material comprises a hollow material pipe and a graphite carbon rod, wherein the graphite carbon rod is positioned in the hollow material pipe, the lower end of the graphite carbon rod is in a frustum tip shape, and the lower end of the hollow material pipe is attached to the frustum tip of the graphite carbon rod after being melted.

Further, the feeding unit comprises a feeding roller and a power system, the power system is used for driving the feeding roller, the feeding roller is arranged on two sides of the hollow material pipe, and the feeding speed of the feeding roller is adjusted according to the spinning speed to convey the hollow material pipe to move downwards.

Further, the beam splitting and reflecting device comprises a collimating lens, a beam expander, a beam splitter and a reflector, wherein the laser transmitter is arranged on one side of the bottom of the melt electrostatic spinning material, the laser receiver is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the melt electrostatic spinning material, the beam splitter is arranged between the laser transmitter and the electrostatic spinning material, the reflector is arranged at the lower end of the beam splitter, laser transmitted by the laser transmitter is divided into two beams after passing through the beam splitter, one beam acts on the melt electrostatic spinning material along the original path and then is received by the laser receiver, and the other beam acts on the spinning jet after sequentially acting on the spinning jet through the beam expander and the collimating lens after passing through the reflector and then is received by the laser receiver.

Further, the high-voltage static electricity generation system comprises a high-voltage static electricity generator and a grounding electrode, the high-voltage static electricity generator is connected to the upper end of the graphite carbon rod, and the three-dimensional motion platform is directly or indirectly connected with the grounding electrode.

Further, the temperature control system comprises a heating rod arranged in the receiving plate, and the temperature controller is connected with the heating rod to adjust the temperature of the heating rod so as to adjust the solidification process of the spinning fibers.

Further, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the receiving plate and the three-dimensional motion platform and used for protecting the three-dimensional motion platform.

Further, the laser emitter is a carbon dioxide laser.

The invention also provides a method of the laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to the high-melting-point material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, mounting a hollow material pipe to be flush with the tip of a frustum at the lower end of a graphite carbon rod;

s2, starting a laser emitter, and adjusting the power of the laser emitter according to the requirement of the melt spinning temperature of the hollow material pipe;

s3, adjusting the feeding speed of the feeding roller based on the melting speed of the hollow material pipe;

s4, after the tip of the graphite carbon rod frustum is uniformly covered with the melt, starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and adjusting spinning voltage until the melt forms jet flow under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field; adjusting a temperature controller of the receiving plate to a proper temperature based on the spinning jet flow solidification requirement;

s5, starting a preset three-dimensional motion platform motion mode according to the product model, and starting a product printing program;

and S6, after a period of time, closing the high-voltage electrostatic generator, the feeding roller and the carbon dioxide laser in sequence after the product is molded, and then taking out the product to finish the laser melt electrostatic direct writing of the high-precision high-melting-point product.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method can be applied to the processing and manufacturing of high-precision high-melting-point organic and inorganic material products;

2. the fixed graphite carbon rod is arranged in the hollow material pipe, the lower end of the graphite carbon rod is in a frustum tip shape, and the hollow material pipe mainly has the following effects: the auxiliary material absorbs heat, provides adhesion for the molten material, and serves as a spinning nozzle and a high-voltage electrode;

3. the carbon dioxide laser is divided into two beams of laser by the beam splitter, one beam is used for melting the lower end of the hollow material pipe, and the other beam is used for preventing the spinning jet from solidifying before reaching the receiving plate;

4. the receiving plate is internally provided with a heating device, and the curing process is regulated and controlled by adjusting the temperature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to a high-melting-point material according to the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a three-dimensional motion platform 1, a heat insulation plate 2, a receiving plate 3, a laser receiver 4, a hollow material pipe 5, a feeding roller 6, a graphite carbon rod 7, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 8, a collimating lens 9, a beam expanding lens 10, a beam splitter 11, a carbon dioxide laser 12, a reflector 13, a heating rod 14, a temperature control controller 15, a grounding electrode 16 and a grounding electrode plate 17.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a laser melt electrostatic direct writing device applied to high-melting point materials, which mainly comprises a three-dimensional motion platform 1, a heat insulation plate 2, a receiving plate 3, a laser receiver 4, a hollow material pipe 5, a feeding roller 6, a graphite carbon rod 7, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 8, a collimating lens 9, a beam expander 10, a beam splitter 11, a carbon dioxide laser 12, a reflector 13, a heating rod 14, a temperature controller 15 and the like. The three-dimensional moving platform 1 moves in X, Y and Z directions, and regulates and controls the movement of the receiving plate in three directions according to the requirements of the product, thereby forming a three-dimensional product; the feeding rollers 6 are arranged at two sides of the hollow material pipe 5, and the feeding rollers 6 adjust the feeding speed thereof to convey the hollow material pipe 5 to move downwards under the action of a power system according to the spinning speed; the graphite carbon rod 7 is positioned in the hollow material pipe 5, the lower end of the graphite carbon rod 7 is in a frustum tip shape, and the lower end of the hollow material pipe 5 is attached to the frustum tip of the graphite carbon rod 7 after being melted; carbon dioxide laser 12 locates electrostatic spinning material bottom one side, and electrostatic spinning material bottom opposite side is located to laser receiver 4, sets up beam splitter 11 between carbon dioxide laser 12 and the fuse-element electrostatic spinning material, and speculum 13 sets up 11 lower extreme of beam splitter, the laser of carbon dioxide laser 12 transmission divide into two bundles behind beam splitter 11, and a bundle of acts on melting fuse-element electrostatic spinning material along the original route and is received by laser receiver 4 after, and another bundle acts on behind speculum 13 and acts on the spinning efflux through beam expander 10 and collimating lens 9 in proper order and is received by laser receiver 4 after. The high-voltage electrostatic generator 8 is connected to the upper end of the graphite carbon rod 7, and the three-dimensional motion platform 1 is directly connected with the grounding electrode 16 or connected with the grounding electrode through the grounding electrode plate 17. The temperature controller 15 is connected with the heating rod 14 built in the receiving plate 3 to adjust the temperature of the heating rod 14 so as to adjust the solidification process of the spun fiber. And a heat insulation plate 2 is arranged between the receiving plate 3 and the three-dimensional motion platform 1 and used for protecting the three-dimensional motion platform. The hollow material tube 5 includes a boron oxide tube and polyethylene terephthalate, but is not limited to the above materials.

Example 1

The fixed graphite carbon rod is positioned in the hollow material pipe 5; the hollow material pipe 5 is a boron oxide pipe, and the feeding speed of the feeding roller 6 is adjusted by the boron oxide pipe according to the melting speed of the hollow material pipe; the carbon dioxide laser 12 is divided into two beams of laser by the beam splitter 11, one beam of laser directly acts on the lower end of the boron oxide tube to melt the boron oxide tube, and the melted boron oxide tube is uniformly attached to the tip of the graphite carbon rod frustum; the other laser beam is converted into linear laser through a reflector 13, a beam expander 10, a beam splitter 11 and a collimating lens 9, and acts on the spinning jet to prevent the jet from being solidified in advance, and the two laser beams are received by a laser receiver; the upper end of the graphite carbon rod is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator 8 which is used as an electrostatic spinning high-voltage electrode; a receiving plate 3 with a built-in heating rod 14 is arranged on a heat insulation plate 2, and the heat insulation plate 2 is arranged on a three-dimensional motion platform 1; the three-dimensional motion platform 1 is connected with the grounding electrode 16, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the lower end of the graphite carbon rod 7 and the three-dimensional motion platform 1.

The laser melt electrostatic direct writing method applied to the high-melting-point material comprises the following steps of:

1. installing the boron oxide pipe to be flush with the tip of the frustum at the lower end of the graphite carbon rod;

2. starting a carbon dioxide laser, and adjusting the power of the carbon dioxide laser to 40W to ensure that the lower end of the boron oxide tube is well melted;

3. based on the melting rate of the lower end of the boron oxide pipe, the feeding speed of the feeding roller is adjusted to be 1 mm/s;

4. after the boron oxide melt is uniformly covered on the tip of the graphite carbon rod frustum, starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and adjusting the spinning voltage to be 500V until the boron oxide melt forms jet flow under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field; adjusting a temperature control controller of the receiving plate to 60 ℃ based on the requirement of boron oxide jet flow solidification;

5. starting a preset three-dimensional motion platform motion mode according to the glass fiber model, and starting a glass fiber product printing program;

6. after a period of time, after the glass fiber product is molded, the high-voltage electrostatic generator, the feeding roller and the carbon dioxide laser are sequentially closed, and then the product is taken out, so that the 3D printing laser melt electrostatic spinning of the high-precision glass fiber product is completed.

Example 2

In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiments, the present exemplary embodiment uses polyethylene terephthalate as the hollow material tube 5

The laser melt electrostatic direct writing method applied to the high-melting-point material comprises the following steps of:

1. installing polyethylene glycol terephthalate to be flush with the tip of a frustum at the lower end of the graphite carbon rod;

2. starting a carbon dioxide laser, and adjusting the power of the carbon dioxide laser to 10W until the polyethylene glycol terephthalate is well melted;

3. based on the melting rate of the lower end of the boron oxide pipe, the feeding speed of the feeding roller is adjusted to be 3 mm/s;

4. after the polyethylene glycol terephthalate melt is uniformly covered on the tip of the graphite carbon rod frustum, starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator, and adjusting the spinning voltage to 1KV until the polyethylene glycol terephthalate melt forms jet flow under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field; adjusting the temperature of a temperature controller of the receiving plate to 40 ℃ based on the jet flow solidification requirement;

5. starting a preset three-dimensional motion platform motion mode according to the glass fiber model, and starting a glass fiber product printing program;

6. after a period of time, after the glass fiber product is molded, the high-voltage electrostatic generator, the feeding roller and the carbon dioxide laser are sequentially closed, and then the product is taken out, so that the 3D printing laser melt electrostatic spinning of the high-precision glass fiber product is completed.

The foregoing examples are provided for illustration and description of the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described examples. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.