阅读说明：本技术 一种重型液力自动变速器的断电保护系统 (Power-off protection system of heavy hydraulic automatic transmission ) 是由 吴怀超 彭昭 穆俊齐 杨炫 董勇 于 2021-06-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种重型液力自动变速器的断电保护系统,包括第一电磁阀、第一联动阀和第二联动阀,第一电磁阀的阀体与第二联动阀的阀体一体连接,第一电磁阀开设有控制第一联动阀和第二联动阀切换工作位的控制油路,第一联动阀开设有控制第一离合器动作的第一主油压油路,第二联动阀开设有控制第二离合器动作的第二主油压油路,第一联动阀和第二联动阀的工作位切换能够分别控制第一主油压油路和第二主油压油路的通断,第一电磁阀断电时,第一主油压油路和第二主油压油路均保持畅通,控制第一离合器和第二离合器工作。本发明能够在车辆的电液控制系统断电时,能以特定档位继续保持行驶而不会抛锚,确保车辆和驾驶员的安全。(The invention discloses a power-off protection system of a heavy hydraulic automatic transmission, which comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a first linkage valve and a second linkage valve, wherein a valve body of the first electromagnetic valve is integrally connected with a valve body of the second linkage valve, the first electromagnetic valve is provided with a control oil way for controlling the first linkage valve and the second linkage valve to switch working positions, the first linkage valve is provided with a first main oil pressure oil way for controlling the action of a first clutch, the second linkage valve is provided with a second main oil pressure oil way for controlling the action of a second clutch, the working position switching of the first linkage valve and the second linkage valve can respectively control the on-off of the first main oil pressure oil way and the second main oil pressure oil way, and when the first electromagnetic valve is powered off, the first main oil pressure oil way and the second main oil pressure oil way are kept unblocked to control the work of the first clutch and the second clutch. The invention can keep running without anchoring at a specific gear when an electro-hydraulic control system of the vehicle is powered off, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle and a driver.)

1. The utility model provides a heavy hydraulic automatic gearbox's outage protection system, includes first solenoid valve, first coordinated valve and second coordinated valve, its characterized in that: the valve body of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the valve body of the second linkage valve in an integrated manner, a control oil way for controlling the first linkage valve and the second linkage valve to switch working positions is arranged on the first electromagnetic valve, a first main oil pressure oil way for controlling the first clutch to act is arranged on the first linkage valve, a second main oil pressure oil way for controlling the second clutch to act is arranged on the second linkage valve, the working positions of the first linkage valve and the second linkage valve can be switched to control the on-off of the first main oil pressure oil way and the second main oil pressure oil way respectively, and when the first electromagnetic valve is powered off, the first main oil pressure oil way and the second main oil pressure oil way can be kept unblocked to control the first clutch and the second clutch to work.

2. The power failure protection system of a heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first electromagnetic valve is provided with a working cavity, a sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of the working cavity, a mandril of the first electromagnetic valve penetrates through the sealing ring in a sealing mode, a composite plugging head and a semi-cylindrical plugging head are fixedly connected to the mandril of the first electromagnetic valve, the control oil way comprises a first control flow passage, a second control flow passage and an oil unloading port, the first control flow passage is connected with the bottom of the working cavity, the oil unloading port and the second control flow passage are connected to the two radial sides of the working cavity, the composite plugging head is staggered with the oil port of the first control flow passage when the first electromagnetic valve is powered off, the oil unloading port is sealed by the semi-cylindrical plugging head, the oil unloading port of the first control flow passage is plugged by the composite plugging head when the first electromagnetic valve is powered on, and the oil unloading port is opened by the semi-cylindrical plugging head;

the first linkage valve comprises a first valve cavity, a first valve core and a first valve seat, the first valve core is positioned in the first valve cavity, the first valve seat is positioned at the bottom of the first valve cavity, a first control oil cavity is formed between the upper end of the first valve core and the upper end of the first valve cavity in a sealing mode, the first control oil cavity is communicated with a second control flow channel, a first spring is connected between the lower end of the first valve core and the upper end of the first valve seat, a first oil inlet valve port and a first oil outlet valve port are arranged on a valve body of the first linkage valve, a first main oil pressure oil path is formed between the first oil inlet valve port and the first oil outlet valve port, when the first valve core is positioned at the top dead center of the stroke of the first linkage valve, the first valve core seals the first oil inlet valve port, and when the first valve core is positioned at the bottom dead center of the stroke of the first linkage valve, the first oil inlet valve port is communicated with the first oil outlet valve port;

the second linkage valve comprises a second valve cavity, a second valve core and a second valve seat, the second valve core is located in the second valve cavity, the second valve seat is located at the bottom of the second valve cavity, a second control oil cavity is formed between the upper end of the second valve core and the upper end of the second valve cavity in a sealing mode, the second control oil cavity is communicated with a second control flow channel, a second spring is connected between the lower end of the second valve core and the upper end of the second valve seat, a second oil inlet valve port and a second oil outlet valve port are arranged on a valve body of the second linkage valve, a second main oil pressure oil way is formed by the second oil inlet valve port and the second oil outlet valve port, the second oil inlet valve port is communicated with the second oil outlet valve port when the second valve core is located at the upper stroke dead center, and the second valve core seals the second main oil pressure oil way when the second valve core is located at the lower stroke dead center.

3. The power failure protection system of a heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: a first auxiliary oil cavity is formed between the lower end of the first valve core and the lower end of the first valve cavity in a sealed mode, a second auxiliary oil cavity is formed between the lower end of the second valve core and the lower end of the second valve cavity in a sealed mode, the first auxiliary oil cavity is communicated with the third oil inlet valve port, and the second auxiliary oil cavity is communicated with the fourth oil inlet valve port.

4. The power failure protection system of a heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, the first linkage valve is a two-position nine-way linkage valve, and the second linkage valve is a two-position seven-way linkage valve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electro-hydraulic control systems of heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmissions, in particular to a power-off protection system of a heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission.

Background

The automatic speed change technology develops and evolves for decades, forms the types of a hydraulic mechanical automatic transmission AT, an automatic mechanical transmission AMT, a mechanical continuously variable transmission CVT, a dual-clutch automatic transmission DCT and the like, and the AT is taken as a mainstream automatic transmission, can embody the advantages of the AT on a heavy vehicle and is widely applied. The heavy type hydraulic automatic transmission is an AT transmission matched with heavy trucks, large buses and engineering mechanical equipment, and is mainly applied to the fields of heavy automobiles, oil and gas exploitation equipment, rail transit, engineering machinery, special vehicles and the like.

In order to protect the driving safety of the vehicle, a power-off protection system is designed in an electro-hydraulic control system of the hydraulic automatic transmission. The existing power-off protection systems of heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmissions comprise first electromagnetic valves and linkage valves, and the displacement of valve cores of the linkage valves is controlled through the switches of the first electromagnetic valves, so that the working states of a plurality of clutches are controlled to realize the lifting gear of the transmissions. However, when the power of the vehicle is unexpectedly cut off in a certain gear, the vehicle is easily broken down, and the driving safety is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a power-off protection system of a heavy hydraulic automatic transmission, which aims to solve the problem that the driving safety is influenced because the conventional vehicle is easily anchored when power is unexpectedly cut off at a certain gear.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a heavy hydraulic automatic gearbox's power-off protection system, includes first solenoid valve, first coordinated valve and second coordinated valve, the valve body of first solenoid valve and the valve body coupling of second coordinated valve, the control oil circuit of controlling first coordinated valve and second coordinated valve switching work position is seted up to first solenoid valve, the first main oil pressure oil circuit of controlling first clutch action is seted up to first coordinated valve, the second coordinated valve is seted up the second main oil pressure oil circuit of controlling the second clutch action, the work position switching of first coordinated valve and second coordinated valve can control the break-make of first main oil pressure oil circuit and second main oil pressure oil circuit respectively, when the first solenoid valve outage, first main oil pressure oil circuit with second main oil pressure oil circuit all keeps unblocked, controls first clutch with the second clutch work.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic valve is provided with a working cavity, a sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of the working cavity, a mandril of the first electromagnetic valve penetrates through the sealing ring in a sealing manner, a semi-cylindrical plugging head and a composite plugging head are fixedly connected to the mandril of the first electromagnetic valve, the control oil path comprises a first control flow passage, a second control flow passage and an oil unloading port, the first control flow passage is connected with the bottom of the working cavity, the oil unloading port and the second control flow passage are connected to the radial two sides of the working cavity, the composite plugging head is staggered with the oil port of the first control flow passage when the first electromagnetic valve is powered off, the semi-cylindrical plugging head seals the oil unloading port, the composite plugging head plugs the oil port of the first control flow passage when the first electromagnetic valve is powered on, and the semi-cylindrical plugging head opens the oil unloading port;

the first linkage valve comprises a first valve cavity, a first valve core and a first valve seat, the first valve core is positioned in the first valve cavity, the first valve seat is positioned at the bottom of the first valve cavity, a first control oil cavity is formed between the upper end of the first valve core and the upper end of the first valve cavity in a sealing mode, the first control oil cavity is communicated with a second control flow channel, a first spring is connected between the lower end of the first valve core and the upper end of the first valve seat, a first oil inlet valve port and a first oil outlet valve port are arranged on a valve body of the first linkage valve, a first main oil pressure oil way is formed by the first oil inlet valve port and the first oil outlet valve port, when the first valve core is positioned at the upper dead center of the stroke of the first linkage valve, the first valve core seals the first oil inlet valve port, and when the first valve core is positioned at the lower dead center of the stroke of the first linkage valve, the first oil inlet valve is communicated with the first oil outlet valve port;

the second linkage valve comprises a second valve cavity, a second valve core and a second valve seat, the second valve core is located in the second valve cavity, the second valve seat is located at the bottom of the second valve cavity, a second control oil cavity is formed between the upper end of the second valve core and the upper end of the second valve cavity in a sealing mode, the second control oil cavity is communicated with a second control flow channel, a second spring is connected between the lower end of the second valve core and the upper end of the second valve seat, a second oil inlet valve port and a second oil outlet valve port are arranged on a valve body of the second linkage valve, a second main oil pressure oil way is formed by the second oil inlet valve port and the second oil outlet valve port, the second oil inlet valve port is communicated with the second oil outlet valve port when the second valve core is located at the upper stroke dead center, and the second valve core seals the second main oil pressure oil way when the second valve core is located at the lower stroke dead center.

Preferably, a first auxiliary oil chamber is formed between the lower end of the first valve core and the lower end of the first valve cavity in a sealing manner, a second auxiliary oil chamber is formed between the lower end of the second valve core and the lower end of the second valve cavity in a sealing manner, the first auxiliary oil chamber is communicated with the third oil inlet valve port, and the second auxiliary oil chamber is communicated with the fourth oil inlet valve port.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, the first linkage valve is a two-position nine-way linkage valve, and the second linkage valve is a two-position seven-way linkage valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

(1) when the heavy-duty hydraulic transmission works normally, the first electromagnetic valve, the first linkage valve and the second linkage valve are arranged and combined at different working positions, so that the heavy-duty hydraulic transmission is favorable for quickly, stably and efficiently realizing an ideal working state.

(2) When the vehicle electro-hydraulic control system is powered off accidentally at a certain gear, the power-off protection system can enable the hydraulic transmission to rapidly enter a pure hydraulic working condition from the electro-hydraulic working condition, and enable the two clutches to keep a combined state according to the original gear condition, so that the vehicle can continue to keep running at a specific gear without being anchored, and the safety of the vehicle and a driver is ensured.

(3) The second linkage valve and the first electromagnetic valve share one valve body, so that the sealing performance is better, stress concentration cannot occur, the problem of oil leakage can be improved to the maximum extent, the manufacturing is simpler, precise processing is not needed, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

(4) The reasonable control flow channel arrangement can adapt to various high-load environments, ensures less energy loss of hydraulic oil, reduces the fluctuation of the oil pressure of the control cavity of the linkage valve, improves the gear shifting comfort and prolongs the service life of the linkage valve.

(5) The first electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, is a power-off working condition when most gears are in work, only a few gears are power-on working conditions, and the special structure of the two linkage valves is matched, so that the valve core of the linkage valve can enable the hydraulic transmission to rapidly enter a pure hydraulic working condition without displacement when most gears are in power-off accidents, the gear shifting time when most gears are in power-off accidents is greatly reduced, and more powerful guarantee is provided for the safety of a driver and a vehicle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a power-off protection system for a heavy-duty automatic hydrodynamic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a working schematic diagram of a power-off protection system of a heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the electromagnetic valve comprises a first electromagnetic valve 1, a first linkage valve 2, a second linkage valve 3, a magnetic yoke 4, a coil framework 5, a coil 6, an armature 7, a valve core shaft front guide ring 8, a valve core shaft 9, a valve core shaft rear guide ring 10, an adjusting nut 11, an electromagnetic valve spring 12, a valve core guide ring 13, a sealing ring 14, a push rod 15, a semi-cylindrical sealing head 16, a composite sealing head 17, a first control flow channel 18, a second control flow channel 19, an oil discharge port 20, a first valve cavity 21, a first valve core 22, a first control oil cavity 23, a first spring 24, a first auxiliary oil cavity 25, a third oil inlet valve port 26, a second valve cavity 27, a second valve core 28, a second control oil cavity 29, a second spring 30, a second auxiliary oil cavity 31, a fourth oil inlet valve port 32, a sleeve 33, a first valve seat 34, a first bolt 35, a second valve seat 36, a second bolt 37, a first oil inlet 38, a first oil outlet valve port 39, a second oil inlet 40, a second valve port 40, And a second outlet port 41.

A power-off protection system of a heavy hydraulic automatic transmission comprises a first electromagnetic valve 1, a first linkage valve 2 and a second linkage valve 3, wherein the first electromagnetic valve 1 of the existing power-off protection system is inserted on the linkage valve due to a special mechanical structure, the requirement on processing precision is high, particularly, a linkage valve jack needs to be precisely processed by a boring machine, the cost is high, leakage can easily occur due to the assembly mode, in addition, stress concentration can occur on the contact part of the electromagnetic valve and the linkage valve due to self weight of the first electromagnetic valve 1 and vibration in the vehicle driving process, the valve body is stressed and deformed, assembly looseness can be caused, the radial clearance is increased, and the leakage amount is increased, so that the design that the valve body of the first electromagnetic valve 1 and the valve body of the second linkage valve 3 are integrally connected is adopted. Meanwhile, the first electromagnetic valve 1 of the conventional power-off protection system is a normally closed electromagnetic valve, and when the hydraulic transmission is unexpectedly powered off, a valve core displacement process occurs, so that the gear shifting time is longer in the power-off process. The first solenoid valve 1 is provided with a control oil path for controlling the first linkage valve 2 and the second linkage valve 3 to switch working positions, the first linkage valve 2 is provided with a first main oil pressure oil path for controlling the first clutch to act, the second linkage valve 3 is provided with a second main oil pressure oil path for controlling the second clutch to act, the working position switching of the first linkage valve 2 and the second linkage valve 3 can respectively control the on-off of the first main oil pressure oil path and the second main oil pressure oil path, and when the first solenoid valve 1 is powered off, the first main oil pressure oil path and the second main oil pressure oil path can both be kept unblocked to control the first clutch and the second clutch to work.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the first electromagnetic valve 1 is a normally open electromagnetic valve, the first linkage valve 2 is a two-position seven-way linkage valve, and the second linkage valve 3 is a two-position nine-way linkage valve. A first installation cavity, a first electromagnetic valve cavity, a second installation cavity and a working cavity which are mutually communicated are sequentially arranged in a valve body of a first electromagnetic valve 1 along the axial direction, the diameter of the first installation cavity is larger than that of the first electromagnetic valve cavity, a magnet yoke 4 is fixedly installed in the first installation cavity, a circle of coil framework 5 is arranged in the first electromagnetic valve cavity, a coil 6 is arranged in the coil framework 5, a tubular bulge is integrally formed at the bottom of the magnet yoke 4 and inserted into the upper end of the coil framework 5 in a matching way, an annular bulge is integrally formed at the upper end of the second installation cavity and inserted into the lower end of the coil framework 5, an armature 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the coil framework 5 between the tubular bulge and the annular bulge, a valve core shaft 9 penetrates through the armature 7 along the axial line, a valve core shaft front guide ring 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tubular bulge, and a valve core shaft rear guide ring 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular bulge, the two ends of the valve core shaft 9 are respectively connected with the valve core shaft front guide ring 8 and the valve core shaft rear guide ring 10 in a sliding mode, the upper end of the valve core shaft 9 is provided with a groove along the axial direction, the magnet yoke 4 is provided with an adjusting nut 11 in a penetrating mode, an electromagnetic valve spring 12 is arranged between the adjusting nut 11 and the bottom of the groove, a valve core guide ring 13 and a sealing ring 14 are further arranged between the valve core shaft 9 rear guide ring and the bottom of the groove, and the sealing ring 14 is arranged at the upper end of the working cavity.

The lower end of the valve core shaft 9 is integrally connected with a mandril 15, the mandril 15 penetrates through the valve core guide ring 13 and the sealing ring 14 in a sealing mode and enters the working cavity, the lower end of the mandril 15 is fixedly connected with a semi-cylindrical sealing head 16 and a composite sealing head 17 in sequence, the control oil path comprises a first control flow passage 18, a second control flow passage 19 and an oil unloading port 20, one end of the first control flow passage 18 is connected with the bottom of the working cavity, and the other end of the first control flow passage 18 is connected with control oil pressure. The control oil pressure of the existing structure directly reaches the valve core of the linkage valve through the electromagnetic valve port under the high-load environment, no buffering exists, the control oil pressure can be increased unstably, the control oil pressure overshoot is increased, the valve core displacement fluctuation is caused, the service life of the linkage valve is influenced, and the gear shifting impact can be caused, so that the oil unloading port 20 and the second control flow passage 19 are sequentially connected to the two radial sides of the working cavity, the rationality of controlling the two linkage valves by the first electromagnetic valve 1 is ensured, the control flow passage structure is optimized, the stability of controlling the oil pressure increase is improved on the basis of reducing the pressure drop loss, and the gear shifting stability is also ensured. When the first electromagnetic valve 1 is powered off, the composite plugging head 17 is staggered with the oil port of the first control flow passage 18, the oil discharge port 20 is sealed by the semi-cylindrical plugging head 16, when the first electromagnetic valve is powered on, the oil port of the first control flow passage 18 is plugged by the composite plugging head 17, and the oil discharge port 20 is opened by the semi-cylindrical plugging head 16;

the first linkage valve 2 comprises a first valve cavity 21, a first valve core 22 positioned in the first valve cavity 21 and a first valve seat 34 positioned at the bottom of the first valve cavity 21, the first valve seat 34 is fixed at the bottom of the first valve cavity 21 through a first bolt 35 in a sealing manner, a first control oil cavity 23 is formed between the upper end of the first valve core 22 and the upper end of the first valve cavity 21 in a sealing manner, the first control oil cavity 23 is communicated with a second control flow passage 19, a first spring 24 is connected between the lower end of the first valve core 22 and the upper end of the first valve seat 34, a first auxiliary oil cavity 25 is formed between the lower end of the first valve core 22 and the lower end of the first valve cavity 21 in a sealing manner, a third oil inlet valve port 26 is communicated with the first auxiliary oil inlet valve port 26, a first oil inlet valve port 38 and a first oil outlet valve port 39 are arranged on a valve body of the first linkage valve 2, a first main oil pressure path is formed by the first oil inlet valve port 38 and the first oil outlet valve port 39, namely the first oil outlet valve port 39 is connected with a first clutch pipeline, when the first valve core 22 is located at the top dead center of the stroke, the first valve core 22 closes the first oil inlet valve port 38, and when the first valve core 22 is located at the bottom dead center of the stroke, the first oil inlet valve port 38 is communicated with the first oil outlet valve port 39;

the second linkage valve 3 comprises a second valve cavity 27, a second valve core 28 positioned in the second valve cavity 27 and a second valve seat 36 positioned at the bottom of the second valve cavity 27, the second valve seat 36 is fixed at the bottom of the second valve cavity 27 through a second bolt 37 in a sealing manner, a second control oil cavity 29 is formed between the upper end of the second valve core 28 and the upper end of the second valve cavity 27 in a sealing manner, the second control oil cavity 29 is communicated with the second control flow passage 19, a second spring 30 is connected between the lower end of the second valve core 28 and the upper end of the second valve seat 36, a second secondary oil cavity 31 is formed between the lower end of the second valve core 28 and the lower end of the second valve cavity 27 in a sealing manner, the second secondary oil cavity 31 is communicated with a fourth oil inlet valve port 32, a second oil inlet valve port 40 and a second oil outlet valve port 41 are arranged on the valve body of the second linkage valve 3, a second main oil pressure oil circuit is formed by the second oil inlet valve port 40 and the second oil outlet port 41, namely the second oil outlet port 41 is connected with a second clutch pipe, when the second valve core 28 is located at the top dead center of the stroke, the second oil inlet valve port 40 is communicated with the second oil outlet valve port 41, and when the second valve core 28 is located at the bottom dead center of the stroke, the second valve core 28 closes the second main oil pressure oil path.

The first oil inlet port 38, the second oil inlet port 40, the third oil inlet port 26 and the fourth oil inlet port 32 are all capable of receiving the main oil pressure flowing out of the gear shifting valve.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

when the first electromagnetic valve 1 is not electrified, the valve core shaft 9 moves downwards under the action of the pretightening force of the electromagnetic valve spring 12, so that the composite blocking head 17 moves downwards to control the oil port of the first control flow passage 18 to be opened, meanwhile, the semi-cylindrical blocking head 16 blocks the oil discharge port 20, and the control oil pressure flows into the first control oil cavity 23 and the second control oil cavity 29. When the control oil pressure applied to the first valve spool 22 and the second valve spool 28 is greater than the preload of the first spring 24 and the preload of the second spring 30, respectively, the first valve spool 22 and the second valve spool 28 start to move down and reach the bottom dead center.

Taking a certain forward gear as an example, the working principle of the power-off protection system at this time is shown in fig. 2, and the first electromagnetic valve 1 and the second electromagnetic valve are simultaneously electrified. When the first electromagnetic valve 1 is electrified, the coil 6 generates upward electromagnetic force on the armature 7, the electromagnetic force is larger than the pretightening force of the electromagnetic valve spring 12, the valve core shaft 9 connected with the armature 7 moves upwards under the combined action of the electromagnetic force and the spring force, so that the composite plugging head 17 moves upwards, the oil port of the first control flow passage 18 is controlled to be sealed, meanwhile, the semi-cylindrical plugging head 16 is staggered with the oil discharge port 20, and the control oil pressure flows back to the oil tank from the first control oil cavity 23 and the second control oil cavity 29. The control oil pressure of the first control oil chamber 23 is gradually reduced to 0, at this time, the first spool 22 is subjected to the combined action of the control oil pressure and the pretightening force of the first spring 24, and when the control oil pressure applied to the first spool 22 is greater than the pretightening force of the first spring 24, the lower end position of the first spool 22 is kept unchanged; when the control oil pressure is not enough to overcome the pre-tightening force of the first spring 24, the first spool 22 starts to move upwards until the upper extreme point of the stroke thereof, and the first main oil pressure oil path is closed. Similar to the first linkage valve 2, the control oil pressure of the second control oil chamber 29 is gradually reduced to 0. When the control oil pressure applied to the second valve spool 28 is smaller than the pre-tightening force of the second spring 30, the second valve spool 28 starts to gradually rise. As the second spool 28 rises, the second inlet port 40 and the second outlet port 41 communicate, and the main oil pressure gradually flows into the second linkage valve 3. Since the second main oil pressure passage is located in the portion of the second valve chamber 27 whose upper and lower contact surface diameters D2 > D2 with the second spool 28 cause a difference in area of the second spool 28 on the main oil pressure receiving surface, and the second spool 28 receives the upward main oil pressure greater than the downward main oil pressure, the second spool 28 receives the total main oil pressure upward. At this time, the second spool 28 is gradually displaced to the top dead center of the linkage valve under the combined action of the upward main oil pressure and the spring force. In the process of moving the second spool 28 upward, the second oil inlet port 40 and the second oil outlet port 41 are gradually communicated, the main oil pressure flows into the second clutch through the second main oil pressure path, and the second clutch is engaged under the pushing action of the main oil pressure. Meanwhile, the second electromagnetic valve in fig. 2 is electrified, the control oil pressure is communicated with the control end of the shift valve through the second electromagnetic valve, the shift valve is opened under the action of the control oil pressure, and the main oil pressure enters the third clutch through the shift valve to push the third clutch to be combined. Therefore, when the first solenoid valve 1 and the second solenoid valve are simultaneously energized, the second clutch and the third clutch are combined, and the heavy-duty hydraulic automatic transmission enters a certain forward gear to work.

When the vehicle has an unexpected power failure, the second electromagnetic valve is powered off, the gear shifting valve is disconnected, and the third clutch is separated. When the first electromagnetic valve 1 is powered off, the valve core shaft 9 drives the ejector rod 15 to move downwards under the action of the pretightening force of the electromagnetic valve spring 12, the oil outlet 20 is closed, the oil outlet of the first control flow passage 18 is opened, the control oil pressure enters the second control flow passage 19 and generates downward control oil pressure on the second valve core 28, and at the moment, the second valve core 28 simultaneously receives the comprehensive action of the downward control oil pressure, the upward pretightening force of the second spring 30 and the upward hydraulic pressure generated by the difference of the stress area of the main oil pressure. However, since the downward control oil pressure is insufficient to overcome the upward second spring 30 preload and hydraulic pressure, the second spool 28 remains stationary at top dead center, the second main oil pressure path remains open, and the second clutch remains engaged; meanwhile, the control oil pressure enters the first control oil cavity 23 and gradually increases, when the control oil pressure borne by the first valve core 22 is enough to overcome the spring force of the first spring 24, the first valve core 22 moves downwards until the lower end position, namely the bottom dead center of the stroke, in the process of moving downwards of the first valve core 22, the first oil inlet valve port 38 and the first oil outlet valve port 39 are gradually communicated, the main oil pressure flows into the first clutch through the first main oil pressure oil path, and the first clutch is combined under the pushing action of the main oil pressure; therefore, when the vehicle has an accident of power failure in a certain forward gear, the third clutch is separated, but the first clutch and the second clutch are combined, so that the vehicle can continuously run in a specific gear.

In addition, when the first electromagnetic valve 1 is powered off and the control oil pressure simultaneously enters the first control oil chamber 23 and the second control oil chamber 29, the main oil pressure is introduced into the third oil inlet valve port 26 of the first linkage valve 2 according to requirements. At this time, since the sum of the upward main oil pressure and the spring force applied to the first spool 22 is greater than the downward control oil pressure, the first linkage valve 2 can be located at the upper end position, and the second linkage valve 3 can be located at the lower end position. On the contrary, the fourth oil inlet valve port 32 of the second linkage valve 3 is communicated with the main oil pressure, so that the second linkage valve 3 can be located at the upper end position, and the first linkage valve 2 is located at the lower end position. The control mode can enable the two linkage valves to be respectively positioned at different end positions, so that the heavy type hydraulic automatic transmission can enter more different gears through the gear shifting logic according to actual needs.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.