阅读说明：本技术 一种多背向散射标签同时通信并定位的方法、装置和系统 (Method, device and system for simultaneous communication and positioning of multiple backscatter tags ) 是由 王巍 张夏楠 江涛 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多背向散射标签同时通信并定位的方法、装置和系统,属于无线通信技术领域,所述方法包括：S1：利用多天线设备1发射无线信号经至少一个背向散射标签反射并传输至多天线设备2；S2：解析所述多天线设备2接收到的所述无线信号从中获取背向散射反射信号与直射路径信号对应的高维特征参数；S3：根据所述背向散射反射信号对应的高维特征参数同时解码各个所述背向散射标签对应的传输数据；S4：利用各个所述背向散射标签对应的传输数据和所述直射路径信号对应的高维特征参数计算各个所述背向散射标签和所述多天线设备2相对于所述多天线设备1的位置信息。本发明在只有一个无线接收端的情况下,实现多背向散射标签的同时定位与通信。(The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for simultaneously communicating and positioning multiple backscattering labels, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna device 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna device 2; s2: analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals; s3: simultaneously decoding transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals; s4: and calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals. The invention realizes the simultaneous positioning and communication of a plurality of backscattering labels under the condition of only one wireless receiving end.)

1. A method for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags, comprising:

s1: transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna device 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna device 2;

s2: analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals;

wherein the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals, respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

s3: simultaneously decoding transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

s4: and calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

2. The method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags as recited in claim 1, wherein said step S1 comprises:

transmitting a wireless signal to the backscatter tag by using the multi-antenna device 1, so that the backscatter tag modulates tag data into the wireless signal and transmits the tag data to the multi-antenna device 2 in a reflection manner;

the tag data comprises identity codes and data to be transmitted, and the identity codes are used for identifying identity information of the backscatter tags.

3. The method for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags of claim 2, wherein the wireless signal received by said multiple antenna device 2 comprises:

a wireless signal transmitted directly from the multi-antenna device 1 to the multi-antenna device 2; and the combination of (a) and (b),

transmitting a wireless signal transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2 after being reflected and scattered by the environment from the multi-antenna device 1; and the combination of (a) and (b),

transmitting a signal from the multi-antenna device 1, which is reflected by the multi-backscatter tag and transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2; and the combination of (a) and (b),

and transmitting a wireless signal which is transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2 after being reflected by the multi-backscatter tag, reflected by an environment and scattered by the multi-backscatter tag from the multi-antenna device 1.

4. The method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags as recited in claim 1, wherein said step S2 comprises:

analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain channel state information which represents the influence of a wireless channel on the amplitude and the phase of the wireless signals;

and calculating high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals according to the channel state information.

5. The method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags as recited in claim 4, wherein said step S2 further comprises:

and filtering propagation paths corresponding to signals related to environmental reflection influence and refraction influence based on the distribution of the high-dimensional characteristic parameters in the time domain, and separating the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals respectively.

6. The method of simultaneously communicating and locating multiple backscatter tags according to claim 5, wherein said signals relating to ambient reflection effects and refraction effects comprise:

transmitting a wireless signal received by the multi-antenna device 2 via an ambient reflection influence and a scattering influence from the multi-antenna device 1; and the combination of (a) and (b),

a radio signal transmitted from the multi-antenna device 1, and received by the multi-antenna device 2 via the influence of ambient reflection, scattering, etc., and back-scattered reflection.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless signals include broadcast signals and data signals;

wherein the broadcast signal includes a historical broadcast signal before the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish a connection, and the data signal includes a transmission data signal after the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish a connection.

8. The method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags as recited in any one of claims 1-7, wherein said step S4 comprises:

extracting a time domain variation rule of a high-dimensional characteristic parameter of the backscatter reflected signal and decoding tag data of a backscatter tag, wherein the tag data comprises an identity code and data to be transmitted, and the time domain variation rule represents a high-dimensional characteristic parameter variation rule corresponding to channel state information in a continuous time period;

acquiring direction information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 according to the angle information in the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the direct path signals;

estimating the position of each backscatter tag and the position of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2 according to the direction information of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2, the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the backscatter reflected signals and the signal propagation time parameters of the direct path signals;

corresponding the position of the backscattering label to the corresponding backscattering label according to the backscattering identity information; and corresponding the information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 to the corresponding equipment information according to the identity information of the multi-antenna equipment 1.

9. An apparatus for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags, comprising:

the transmitting module is used for transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna equipment 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna equipment 2;

the analysis module is used for analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals;

wherein the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals, respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

the decoding module is used for simultaneously decoding the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

and the positioning module is used for calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

10. A system for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a system for simultaneous communication and positioning of multiple backscatter tags.

Background

In recent years, the backscattering communication technology has been developed vigorously and is considered as one of the key technologies for realizing the interconnection of everything. The backscatter tags enable communication by reflecting wireless signals in the environment, such as LTE signals, TV signals, Wi-Fi signals, BLE signals, and the like. Compared with the traditional active communication equipment, the backscattering tag does not need expensive and power-consuming radio frequency analog devices, including a crystal oscillator, a radio frequency oscillator, a decoupling capacitor and the like, has the advantages of no need of batteries, small volume, low manufacturing cost and the like, and is very suitable for being embedded in objects such as keys, purses, medicine bottles and the like to realize the interconnection of everything. The implementation of high-precision positioning of backscatter has many application scenarios, such as embedding backscatter in a medicine bottle, reminding a patient where the medicine bottle is when he needs to take a medicine; a backscattering label is embedded in the key, so that the user can be reminded of where the key is when going out and forgetting to take the key. However, the existing technologies research positioning and communication as two independent problems, and cannot realize positioning and communication at the same time, and the existing backscatter communication and positioning technologies have respective problems.

First, existing backscatter communication technologies have single or multiple limitations with limited maximum number, support of specialized equipment, multiple retransmissions, high signal-to-noise ratio, and the like to support parallel decoding. Secondly, the existing backscatter positioning technology needs a plurality of wireless access points and needs to collect accurate information such as position, orientation and the like of each wireless access point in advance; a purpose-made device supporting ultra-wideband is needed, and a transceiving end is integrated on one device, so that only one backscatter tag can be positioned.

Therefore, the technical problems that large-scale parallel decoding cannot be supported, single-access-point positioning cannot be achieved, a plurality of backscattering labels cannot be positioned at the same time, and coexistence of communication and positioning cannot be achieved in the prior art exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus and a system for simultaneous communication and positioning of multiple backscatter tags, which aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art that multiple access points with known locations and known orientations are required and communication and positioning cannot coexist.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for simultaneously communicating and locating multiple backscatter tags, comprising:

s1: transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna device 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna device 2;

s2: analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals;

wherein the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals, respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

s3: simultaneously decoding transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

s4: and calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

In one embodiment, the step S1 includes: transmitting a wireless signal to the backscatter tag by using the multi-antenna device 1, so that the backscatter tag modulates tag data into the wireless signal and transmits the tag data to the multi-antenna device 2 in a reflection manner;

the tag data comprises identity codes and data to be transmitted, and the identity codes are used for identifying identity information of the backscatter tags.

In one embodiment, the wireless signal received by the multi-antenna device 2 includes:

a wireless signal transmitted directly from the multi-antenna device 1 to the multi-antenna device 2; and the combination of (a) and (b),

transmitting a wireless signal transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2 after being reflected and scattered by the environment from the multi-antenna device 1; and the combination of (a) and (b),

transmitting a signal from the multi-antenna device 1, which is reflected by the multi-backscatter tag and transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2; and the combination of (a) and (b),

and transmitting a wireless signal which is transmitted to the multi-antenna device 2 after being reflected by the multi-backscatter tag, reflected by an environment and scattered by the multi-backscatter tag from the multi-antenna device 1.

In one embodiment, the step S2 includes:

analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain channel state information which represents the influence of a wireless channel on the amplitude and the phase of the wireless signals;

and calculating high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals according to the channel state information.

In one embodiment, the step S2 further includes:

and filtering propagation paths corresponding to signals related to environmental reflection influence and refraction influence based on the distribution of the high-dimensional characteristic parameters in the time domain, and separating the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals respectively.

In one embodiment, the signals related to the environmental reflection and refraction effects comprise:

transmitting a wireless signal received by the multi-antenna device 2 via an ambient reflection influence and a scattering influence from the multi-antenna device 1; and the combination of (a) and (b),

a radio signal transmitted from the multi-antenna device 1, and received by the multi-antenna device 2 via the influence of ambient reflection, scattering, etc., and back-scattered reflection.

In one embodiment, the wireless signals include broadcast signals and data signals;

wherein the broadcast signal includes a historical broadcast signal before the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish a connection, and the data signal includes a transmission data signal after the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish a connection.

In one embodiment, the step S4 includes:

extracting a time domain variation rule of a high-dimensional characteristic parameter of the backscatter reflected signal and decoding tag data of a backscatter tag, wherein the tag data comprises an identity code and data to be transmitted, and the time domain variation rule represents a high-dimensional characteristic parameter variation rule corresponding to channel state information in a continuous time period;

acquiring direction information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 according to the angle information in the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the direct path signals;

estimating the position of each backscatter tag and the position of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2 according to the direction information of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2, the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the backscatter reflected signals and the signal propagation time parameters of the direct path signals;

corresponding the position of the backscattering label to the corresponding backscattering label according to the backscattering identity information;

and corresponding the information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 to the corresponding equipment information according to the identity information of the multi-antenna equipment 1.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags, comprising:

the transmitting module is used for transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna equipment 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna equipment 2;

the analysis module is used for analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals;

wherein the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals, respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

the decoding module is used for simultaneously decoding the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

and the positioning module is used for calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a method for simultaneously positioning and communicating a plurality of backscattering labels, which can realize the simultaneous positioning and communication of the plurality of backscattering labels under the condition of only one wireless receiving end. Meanwhile, the method provided by the invention can also be used for positioning the relative position between the wireless transmitting end and the wireless receiving end, and the method provided by the invention can associate the estimated position information with the corresponding equipment identity information.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for simultaneous location and communication of multiple backscatter tags in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal from a multi-antenna device 1 to a multi-antenna device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the simultaneous positioning of multiple backscatter tags in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The backscatter tag can be embedded on articles such as purses, keys, medicine bottles and the like to realize the mutual connection of everything. However, in a small indoor environment, such as a home, a small office, etc., there is generally only one wireless access point, so a multiple backscatter simultaneous communication and positioning method is proposed herein, which can realize simultaneous decoding and positioning of multiple backscatter tags by using only one wireless access point, and the invention can simultaneously locate the position of a wireless transmitting end.

Based on this scenario, the present invention provides a method for simultaneously communicating and locating multiple backscatter tags, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:

s1: transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna device 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna device 2;

s2: analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals;

the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify the angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

s3: simultaneously decoding transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

s4: and calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the received wireless signal received by the multi-antenna device 2 includes the following parts: 1) signals propagating directly from the multi-antenna device 1 to the multi-antenna device 2; 2) the signals from the multi-antenna device 1 to the multi-antenna device 2 are influenced by reflection and refraction in the environment; 3) signals reflected from the multi-antenna device 1 via the backscatter tags and then to the multi-antenna device 2; 4) signals arriving at the multi-antenna device 2 are affected by reflections from the multi-antenna device 1 via backscatter tags and ambient scattering, reflections. Firstly, high-dimensional characteristic parameters of signal propagation paths corresponding to 1) and 3) need to be separated, wherein the high-dimensional characteristic parameters comprise a signal arrival angle, a signal emission angle and a signal flight time.

In one embodiment, the signal arrival angle, the signal emission angle and the signal flight time are solved by using the signal phase difference among the receiving-end multiple antennas, the signal phase difference among the transmitting-end multiple antennas and the signal phase difference on each carrier of the multi-carrier signal respectively. The signal phase difference between the multiple antennas at the receiving end can be expressed as:

wherein f is_nRepresenting the frequency of the received signal, d_rxIndicating the distance, theta, between adjacent antennas at the receiving end_kRepresenting the angle of arrival of the signal and c the speed of light. The signal phase difference between the same transmitting-end multiple antennas can be expressed as:

wherein d is_txRepresenting the distance between adjacent antennas at the transmitting end,representing the signal launch angle. Besides, since the wavelength of each carrier of the multi-carrier signal is different, the signals on different carriers have a phase difference under the same propagation distance, which is expressed as:

where Δ f denotes a frequency difference between adjacent subcarriers, τ_kRepresenting the signal propagation time. And separating the signals of all paths by using an MUSIC algorithm according to the three phase differences, and calculating the signal arrival angle, the signal transmission angle and the signal flight time corresponding to the corresponding paths.

In one embodiment, it is desirable to filter the signal propagation paths associated with the effects of ambient reflections, refractions, etc., to separate the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the backscattered reflected signal from the direct path signal. Firstly, clustering the signal arrival angle, the signal emission angle and the signal flight time which are respectively estimated by the channel state information corresponding to a plurality of data packets within a fixed period of time through a K-means clustering algorithm, wherein the clustering number in the clustering algorithm is set to be N +4 because only 3 to 5 reflection paths generally exist in the traditional indoor environment, wherein N represents the number of the backscattering labels. A probabilistic model is then built to determine which paths are independent of the effects of ambient reflections, refractions, etc. The probabilistic model may be expressed as:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,andrespectively representing the statistical variance of the signal propagation time, the signal arrival angle and the signal flight time in each cluster,the number of points in each cluster is represented, and omega is a constant coefficient, so that the scale difference under different units is eliminated. And selecting the cluster with the highest probability as the parameter estimation of the direct signal path, and selecting the next N clusters with the highest probability as the parameter estimation corresponding to all the backscatter label reflection paths.

In one embodiment, step S2 includes: analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain channel state information which represents the influence of a wireless channel on the amplitude and the phase of the wireless signals; and calculating high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals according to the channel state information.

In one embodiment, step S2 further includes: and based on the distribution of the high-dimensional characteristic parameters in the time domain, filtering propagation paths corresponding to signals related to environmental reflection influence and refraction influence, and separating the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals respectively.

Specifically, the signals of all backscatter tags are decoded by using parameter estimation corresponding to the backscatter tag reflection path. The backscatter tag modulates bit 1 and bit 0 onto the incident carrier signal by adjusting the pattern of the reflected signal. Specifically, when the backscatter tag modulates bit 1, the backscatter tag reflects a wireless signal, and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters estimated by the channel state information corresponding to the data packet at the moment include parameter estimation of a signal path corresponding to backscatter; when the backscatter tag modulates bit 0, the backscatter tag absorbs a wireless signal, and parameter estimation of a signal path corresponding to backscatter does not exist in high-dimensional characteristic parameters obtained by estimating channel state information corresponding to a data packet at the moment. Based on this, all backscattered signals can be decoded using the time domain characteristics of the high dimensional characteristic parameters of the signal propagation path to which the backscatter corresponds.

In addition, a decoding matrix is first established, each row of the decoding matrix represents the number of backscatter tags, and each column represents the number of all data packets within a fixed time length, i.e. the estimated times of the high-dimensional characteristic parameter. Next, the indexes of the data packets corresponding to all parameter estimates in the ith cluster are extracted and recorded as indexes_iThen, the ith row in the decoding matrix is assigned to index_i1 and the others 0. And finally, decoding all data corresponding to the backscattering according to the decoding matrix. The data obtained by decoding comprises the identity information of the backscattering label and the information required to be transmitted, and the high-dimensional characteristic parameter estimation is associated with the corresponding backscattering label according to the decoded backscattering identity information, so that the final positioning result can be associated with the corresponding backscattering label.

In one embodiment, the wireless signals include broadcast signals and data signals; the broadcast signal includes a historical broadcast signal before the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish connection, and the data signal includes a transmission data signal after the multi-antenna device 1 and the multi-antenna device 2 establish connection.

In one embodiment, the signals relating to the environmental reflection and refraction effects comprise: transmitting a wireless signal received by the multi-antenna device 2 via an ambient reflection influence and a scattering influence from the multi-antenna device 1; and a wireless signal transmitted from the multi-antenna device 1, received by the multi-antenna device 2 via the influence of environmental reflection, scattering, etc., and back-scattered reflection.

In one embodiment, step S4 includes: extracting a time domain variation rule of a high-dimensional characteristic parameter of the backscatter reflected signal and decoding label data of the backscatter label, wherein the label data comprises an identity code and data to be transmitted, and the time domain variation rule represents a high-dimensional characteristic parameter variation rule corresponding to channel state information in a continuous time period; acquiring direction information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 according to angle information in the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the direct path signals; estimating the position of each backscatter tag and the position of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2 according to the direction information of the multi-antenna device 1 relative to the multi-antenna device 2, the high-dimensional characteristic parameters of the backscatter reflected signals and the signal propagation time parameters of the direct path signals; corresponding the position of the backscattering label to the corresponding backscattering label according to the backscattering identity information; and corresponding the information of the multi-antenna equipment 1 relative to the multi-antenna equipment 2 to the corresponding equipment information according to the identity information of the multi-antenna equipment 1.

Specifically, the positions of a plurality of backscattering labels and the position of the wireless transmitting end relative to the wireless receiving end are simultaneously positioned by utilizing the high-dimensional characteristic parameters obtained by estimation. As shown in fig. 3, the relationship between the position of the backscatter tag and the relative position of the transceiving end and the high-dimensional characteristic parameter will be described first. The positions of a wireless receiving end, a wireless transmitting end and an m-th backscattering label are respectively marked as (0, 0), (x)_tx，y_tx)，(x_m，y_m). The signal transmission angle, signal arrival angle and signal flight time of the direct path are recorded asθ_tx，τ_tx. The signal emission angle, signal arrival angle and signal time-of-flight of the propagation path corresponding to the backscatter are recorded asθ_m、τ_m. The following relationship can be obtained:

AoA：

AoD：

ToF：

wherein, α represents the angle information of the wireless transmitting terminal relative to the wireless receiving terminal, and is represented as l_dRespectively represent the lengths of the paths, and the relationship between the paths is represented asl_d＝||x_tx，y_tx||₂. It is worth noting that the relative signal time of flight is used for the calculation, since there is a time offset due to the non-synchronization of the transceiving ends, which is equal on all paths.

Based on the relation, the position of the backscattering label and the position of the wireless transmitting end can be calculated at the same time, namely the L is solved_m＝[(x_tx，y_tx)，(x_m，y_m)]. Solving for L by solving the following optimization equation:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the above explanation locates the position of the wireless transmitting end and the single backscatter tag simultaneously. The positions of the plurality of backscatter tags can be solved by solving the following optimization equation:

according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for simultaneous communication and location of multiple backscatter tags, comprising:

the transmitting module is used for transmitting a wireless signal by using the multi-antenna equipment 1, reflecting the wireless signal by at least one backscattering label and transmitting the wireless signal to the multi-antenna equipment 2;

the analysis module is used for analyzing the wireless signals received by the multi-antenna equipment 2 to obtain high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflected signals and the direct path signals;

the high-dimensional characteristic parameters identify the angles and lengths of propagation paths corresponding to the back scattering reflection signals and the direct path signals respectively; the backscatter reflected signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that is reflected only by the backscatter tag without environmental reflection and/or scattering effects, and the direct path signal represents a signal emitted from the multi-antenna device 1 that propagates directly to the multi-antenna device 2 without environmental effects;

the decoding module is used for simultaneously decoding the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag according to the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the backscatter reflection signals;

and the positioning module is used for calculating the position information of each backscatter tag and the multi-antenna device 2 relative to the multi-antenna device 1 by using the transmission data corresponding to each backscatter tag and the high-dimensional characteristic parameters corresponding to the direct path signals.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a system for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for simultaneous communication and localization of multiple backscatter tags.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.