阅读说明：本技术 电动车辆及其能量回收系统 (Electric vehicle and energy recovery system thereof ) 是由 张绍林 施宇 沈剑 孟宪军 孙逊 常涛 蒋奕 于 2021-02-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种电动车辆的能量回收系统,包括：动力电池组,用于给电动车辆供电；电机,与动力电池组电连接,具有用于将动力电池组的电能转换为电动车辆的动能的电动机工作模式,以及用于将电动车辆的动能转换电能并提供给动力电池组的发电机工作模式；电加热设备,与动力电池组电连接,电加热设备与电动车辆的散热系统之间流体连接；控制器,该控制器与电机和电加热设备均电连接,用于监控电机的电动机工作模式和发电机工作模式,其中,在电机由电动机工作模式转换为发电机工作模式时,控制器使电加热设备的加热功率增加,以直接或间接地接收电机所发出的电能。根据本申请,提供了一种能量回收利用率较高的用于电动车辆的能量回收系统。(The application discloses electric vehicle's energy recovery system includes: the power battery pack is used for supplying power to the electric vehicle; the motor is electrically connected with the power battery pack and is provided with a motor working mode for converting the electric energy of the power battery pack into the kinetic energy of the electric vehicle and a generator working mode for converting the kinetic energy of the electric vehicle into the electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the power battery pack; the electric heating equipment is electrically connected with the power battery pack and is in fluid connection with a heat dissipation system of the electric vehicle; and the controller is electrically connected with the motor and the electric heating equipment and used for monitoring the motor working mode and the generator working mode of the motor, wherein when the motor is converted from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating equipment so as to directly or indirectly receive the electric energy generated by the motor. According to the application, an energy recovery system for an electric vehicle with high energy recovery utilization rate is provided.)

1. An energy recovery system of an electric vehicle, characterized by comprising:

a power battery pack for powering the electric vehicle;

the electric machine is electrically connected with the power battery pack and is provided with a motor working mode for converting electric energy of the power battery pack into kinetic energy of the electric vehicle and a generator working mode for converting the kinetic energy of the electric vehicle into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the power battery pack;

an electric heating device electrically connected with the power battery pack, the electric heating device being in fluid connection with a heat dissipation system of the electric vehicle;

a controller electrically connected to both the motor and the electric heating device for monitoring a motor operating mode and a generator operating mode of the motor,

wherein the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating device to directly or indirectly receive the electric energy generated by the electric motor when the electric motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode.

2. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor is disconnectably connected directly electrically with the electric heating device,

when the motor is switched from a motor working mode to a generator working mode, the electric heating equipment directly receives electric energy generated by the motor.

3. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the motor is connected in parallel with the electric heating apparatus, the controller is electrically connected with the power battery pack for sensing a remaining capacity of the power battery pack,

when the motor is switched from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, if the charging power allowed by the power battery pack is smaller than the energy braking recovery power, the heating power of the electric heating device is increased by the controller.

4. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the motor is connected in parallel with the electric heating device, and the controller is electrically connected to a temperature sensor of the power battery pack for sensing a temperature of the power battery pack.

5. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that there is a disconnectable heat exchange path between the electric heating apparatus and the power battery pack.

6. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heating device is provided with a sensor for detecting a temperature of a fluid inside the electric heating device and/or a driving current and/or a driving voltage in a driving circuit, the sensor being electrically connected with the controller.

7. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle of claim 6, wherein the temperature of the fluid within the electric heating apparatus does not exceed 90 ℃.

8. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the controller includes a calculation unit for calculating a heating power required for the electric heating apparatus to maintain the temperature of the fluid, based on the temperature value of the fluid.

9. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes a recording unit for recording a raw heating power of the electric heating device before the motor is converted from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode,

and when the motor is switched from the generator working mode to the motor working mode, the electric heating equipment restores the original heating power to work.

10. The energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating device by 0-100% of the maximum heating power when the motor is converted from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode.

11. Electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an energy recovery system of an electric vehicle according to any of claims 1-10, said electric vehicle being a purely electric or hybrid vehicle.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle and an energy recovery system thereof.

Background

Compared with the traditional fuel vehicle, the electric vehicle (including a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle containing electric power) has great significance on the aspect of environmental protection because of adopting a power supply mode of replacing fuel combustion with electric energy, and the cruising ability is an important factor restricting the development of the electric vehicle.

At present, in order to effectively improve the cruising ability of an electric vehicle, in addition to improving the battery capacity, it is also a more effective technical means to arrange energy recovery in the electric vehicle. The traditional energy recovery mode of the electric vehicle is to realize that the motor is braked and recovers electric energy under the working condition of sliding or braking of the vehicle, and the battery is charged so as to increase the endurance mileage. However, the energy fed back to the battery by the motor is influenced by whether the power battery is fully charged, the temperature of the power battery is low or the temperature of the power battery is high, so that the energy recovery phenomenon cannot be fully utilized, and the waste of the recovered energy is caused.

Therefore, how to provide a scheme capable of fully utilizing the energy recovered by the electric vehicle becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides an electric vehicle and an energy recovery system thereof, so as to provide a scheme capable of fully utilizing energy recovered by the electric vehicle.

According to the present application, there is provided an energy recovery system of an electric vehicle, the energy recovery system including: a power battery pack for powering the electric vehicle; the electric machine is electrically connected with the power battery pack and is provided with a motor working mode for converting electric energy of the power battery pack into kinetic energy of the electric vehicle and a generator working mode for converting the kinetic energy of the electric vehicle into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the power battery pack; an electric heating device electrically connected with the power battery pack, the electric heating device being in fluid connection with a heat dissipation system of the electric vehicle; and the controller is electrically connected with the motor and the electric heating equipment and used for monitoring the motor working mode and the generator working mode of the motor, wherein when the motor is converted from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating equipment so as to directly or indirectly receive the electric energy generated by the motor.

Preferably, the electric motor is in disconnectable direct electrical connection with the electric heating device, and the electric heating device directly receives the electric energy generated by the electric motor when the electric motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode.

Preferably, the motor is connected in parallel with the electric heating device, the controller is electrically connected with the power battery pack and used for sensing the residual capacity of the power battery pack, and when the motor is switched from a motor working mode to a generator working mode, if the charging power allowed by the power battery pack is smaller than the energy braking recovery power, the heating power of the electric heating device is increased by the controller.

Preferably, the motor is connected in parallel with the electric heating device, and the controller is electrically connected with a temperature sensor of the power battery pack for sensing the temperature of the power battery pack.

Preferably, there is a severable heat exchange path between the electrical heating apparatus and the power battery pack.

Preferably, the electric heating device is provided with a sensor for detecting a temperature of a fluid within the electric heating device and/or a drive current and/or a drive voltage in a drive circuit, the sensor being electrically connected to the controller.

Preferably, the temperature of the fluid within the electrical heating apparatus does not exceed 90 ℃.

Preferably, the controller comprises a calculation unit for calculating the heating power required by the electric heating device to maintain the temperature of the fluid from the temperature value of the fluid.

Preferably, the controller includes a recording unit for recording an original heating power of the electric heating apparatus before the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, and the electric heating apparatus resumes the original heating power operation when the motor is switched from the generator operation mode to the motor operation mode.

Preferably, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating apparatus by 0% to 100% of the maximum heating power when the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode and when the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode.

There is also provided according to another aspect of the present application an electric vehicle including an energy recovery system of the electric vehicle as described in any one of the above, the electric vehicle being a purely electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

According to the technical scheme of this application, compare in traditional technical scheme, in the electric vehicle's of this application energy recuperation system, energy recuperation does not only rely on the completion to the charging of power battery group alone, when the motor is converted into generator mode by motor mode, the controller makes the heating power of electric heating equipment increases to directly or indirectly receive the electric energy that the motor sent, convert the unnecessary electric energy that power battery group can't utilize into heat energy and store in the fluid medium that flows through electric heating equipment for vehicle cooling system uses, and then reduced the consumption of vehicle cooling system (like the air conditioner) to the electric energy of power battery group, become the duration that has increased electric vehicle.

Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy recovery system for an electric vehicle with the electric machine in a motoring mode of operation;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an energy recovery system for an electric vehicle with the electric machine in a generator mode of operation;

fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of an electric heating apparatus of an energy recovery system of an electric vehicle.

Detailed Description

The endurance is a short plate of the existing new energy automobile, and particularly for an electric vehicle, the battery capacity restricts the endurance of the vehicle. In order to increase the cruising ability of the vehicle, besides improving the electric energy capacity of the power battery pack of the electric vehicle, an energy recovery mechanism is also an important means for improving the cruising ability of the vehicle. The traditional energy recovery mechanism of the electric vehicle is often limited by factors such as the electric quantity and the temperature of a power battery, and the recovered energy cannot be fully utilized. In view of this, the present application provides an energy recovery system for an electric vehicle, so as to provide a technical solution that can fully utilize recovered energy to further increase the cruising performance of the electric vehicle.

The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

The present application provides an energy recovery system of an electric vehicle, the energy recovery system including: a power battery pack for powering the electric vehicle; the electric machine is electrically connected with the power battery pack and is provided with a motor working mode for converting electric energy of the power battery pack into kinetic energy of the electric vehicle and a generator working mode for converting the kinetic energy of the electric vehicle into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the power battery pack; an electric heating device electrically connected with the power battery pack, the electric heating device being in fluid connection with a heat dissipation system of the electric vehicle; and the controller is electrically connected with the motor and the electric heating equipment and used for monitoring the motor working mode and the generator working mode of the motor, wherein when the motor is converted from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating equipment so as to directly or indirectly receive the electric energy generated by the motor.

According to the energy recovery system, when the motor is in the motor working mode, as shown in fig. 1, the power battery pack supplies power to the motor and the electric heating device respectively, so that the motor and the electric heating device work normally. When the system performs energy recovery, as shown in fig. 2, the controller controls the working mode of the motor to be converted from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, and simultaneously controls the electric heating device to increase the heating power so as to rapidly convert the electric energy into heat energy to be stored in the cooling liquid flow path of the heat dissipation system. The electric heating equipment can directly and quickly consume the electric energy of the power battery pack so as to enable the power battery pack to keep a rechargeable non-full-power state, and can also be directly connected with a power generation circuit of the motor so as to directly convert the electric energy generated by the motor into heat energy. Therefore, the energy recovery system of the electric vehicle not only recovers the electric energy generated by the motor by means of the power battery, but also converts part of the electric energy generated by the motor into heat energy in a cooling liquid flow path of the vehicle for use by a vehicle heat dissipation system through the electric heating equipment, so that the phase change improves the utilization rate of the energy recovery of the electric vehicle. The electric heating device is preferably an electric heating device in the form of resistance heating, or can be other electric heating devices which convert electric energy into heat energy.

According to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the motor and the electric heating device can be disconnected, when the motor generates electricity, the electric heating device is controlled by the controller to improve heating power so as to quickly consume the electric energy of the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack can be kept in a chargeable state, and the recovered electric energy generated by the motor is fully charged into the power battery pack. Or according to another embodiment of the application, the motor and the electric heating device are in disconnectable direct electric connection, and when the motor is switched from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the electric heating device directly receives the electric energy generated by the motor. Preferably, when the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, the power supply circuit between the electric heating device and the power battery pack and the power supply circuit between the electric heating device and the motor operate simultaneously, so that on one hand, the electric energy of the power battery pack is consumed, on the other hand, the electric energy generated by clicking is consumed, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy to be stored in the cooling liquid flow path for the use of the heat dissipation system.

In the case that the motor and the electric heating device do not have a direct connection power supply circuit as shown in fig. 1, the motor and the electric heating device are connected in parallel, and preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a disconnectable heat exchange path may be provided between the electric heating device and the power battery pack. According to the energy recovery system, the controller can control the working state of the electric heating device according to the conversion of the working mode of the motor, or under the optimal condition, the controller can judge whether to adjust the heating power of the electric heating device according to factors such as the electric quantity and the temperature of the power battery pack, and therefore frequent adjustment of the heating power of the electric heating device can be avoided. In one embodiment, the controller of the energy recovery system is preferably electrically connected to the power battery pack for sensing the remaining capacity of the power battery pack, and the controller may be configured to increase the heating power of the electric heating device if the power battery pack allows charging power less than energy braking recovery power when the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, or may be configured to increase the heating power of the electric heating device if the remaining capacity of the power battery pack is higher than a certain value, in consideration of the difficulty in recovering electric energy from the power battery pack when the remaining capacity of the power battery pack is higher than a certain value. In another embodiment, in consideration of the fact that the power battery pack has difficulty in recovering electric energy when the temperature of the battery of the power battery pack or the ambient temperature around the battery is lower or higher than a certain value, the controller is preferably electrically connected to a temperature sensor of the power battery pack for sensing the temperature of the power battery pack, and in particular, when the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, if the temperature of the power battery pack is too high or too low, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating apparatus. The temperature sensor may be a temperature sensor for measuring the battery temperature, or a temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature around the power battery pack.

It will be appreciated that the two energy recovery system embodiments described above may be present separately or may be combined. The controller can be electrically connected with the power battery pack and also electrically connected with the temperature sensor of the power battery pack, so that the controller can judge whether the power battery pack can fully recover the electric energy generated by the motor in the working mode of the generator according to any numerical value of the residual electric quantity of the power battery pack and the temperature of the power battery pack, and then the controller can more accurately send out the heating power for controlling the electric heating equipment according to the judgment result so as to quickly consume the residual electric quantity of the power battery pack or directly consume the electric energy generated by the motor and convert the electric energy into the heat energy in the cooling liquid flow path.

According to another embodiment of the present application, considering that the too low or too high temperature of the power battery pack not only affects the energy recovery capability of the power battery pack, but also adversely affects the endurance capability of the power battery pack itself, the energy recovery system of the present application can also utilize the electric heating device to assist in regulating and controlling the temperature of the power battery pack. If the temperature of the power battery pack is too high or too low when the motor is switched from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the controller controls the electric heating device to adjust the heating power on one hand and controls the electric heating device to exchange heat with the power battery pack on the other hand. The heat exchange mode can be that at least one liquid inlet flow path and/or liquid outlet flow path of the electric heating device extends around the power battery pack in a selectively opening and closing mode, and when the temperature around the power battery pack is higher or lower, the liquid inlet flow path or the liquid outlet flow path around the power battery pack is opened to regulate the temperature around the power battery pack through heat exchange. Wherein the liquid inlet flow path and/or the liquid outlet flow path are/is preferably provided with an electric control valve which is electrically connected with the controller.

In order to enable the controller to accurately control the heating power of the electric heating device, so as to ensure the normal operation of a vehicle cooling system, and avoid the situation that the temperature of a liquid outlet flow path of a fluid medium of the electric heating device is too high or too low, the working state of the electric heating device needs to be accurately monitored. Preferably, the electric heating device is provided with a sensor which may be used to detect the temperature of the fluid within the electric heating device and/or the drive current and/or the drive voltage in the drive circuit, the sensor being electrically connected to the controller. The controller preferably includes a calculating unit for calculating the heating power required by the electric heating device to maintain the temperature of the fluid medium according to the temperature value of the fluid medium, or the controller may further determine whether the electric heating device is working or calculate the current heating power according to the driving current and/or the driving voltage in the driving circuit. According to the energy recovery system of the embodiment, when the motor is switched from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, if the electric heating equipment is in a working state, the controller controls the electric heating equipment to increase the temperature of the fluid by 0-10 ℃; if the electric heating device is in a non-working state, the controller controls the electric heating device to be started, and the temperature of the fluid is increased by 20-50 ℃, so that the electric energy is converted into heat energy through the electrolytic heat device to increase the temperature of the fluid medium to the target temperature. In order to ensure the safety performance of the vehicle and the service life of the electric heating device, the temperature of the fluid in the electric heating device is preferably set to not exceed 90 ℃ through monitoring of the controller.

The controller of the energy recovery system of the electric vehicle preferably further includes a recording unit for recording an original heating power of the electric heating device before the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, so that when the motor is switched from the generator operation mode to the motor operation mode, the electric heating device resumes the original heating power operation according to the data recorded by the recording unit, thereby reducing a calculation load of the controller.

According to the energy recovery system of the electric vehicle in the preferred embodiment of the present application, when the motor is in the motor operation mode, as shown in fig. 1, the motor is connected in parallel with the electric heating device, and the power battery pack supplies power to the motor and the electric heating device respectively to operate the motor and the electric heating device. During braking of the electric vehicle or idling of the electric machine, the electric machine is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, and at this time, as shown in fig. 2, electric energy generated by the electric machine can flow to the power battery pack and the electric heating device at the same time, and the electric energy is stored by the power battery pack and is converted into heat energy of a cooling liquid flow path for a vehicle heat dissipation system through the electric heating device. Meanwhile, when the motor is switched from the motor working mode to the generator working mode, the controller judges whether a power supply circuit between the motor and the electric heating equipment needs to be switched on or not and whether the heating power of the electric heating equipment needs to be adjusted or not according to parameters such as electric quantity or temperature of the power battery pack. If the electric heating device is required to assist in recovering electric energy, as shown in fig. 3, a sensor arranged on the electric heating device feeds back whether the electric heating device is in a working state to the controller. When the electric heating equipment is in a working state, the controller controls the electric heating equipment to increase the heating power so as to increase the temperature of the fluid medium by 0-10 ℃; when the electric heating device is not in the working state, the controller controls the electric heating device to be started, and the heating power is set to enable the temperature of the fluid medium to be increased by 20-50 ℃. After the electric heating device heats the fluid medium to the target temperature through the steps, the controller recalculates the heating power of the electric heating device to maintain the temperature of the fluid medium. When the motor is switched from the motor operation mode to the generator operation mode, the controller increases the heating power of the electric heating device by 0% -100% of the maximum heating power, wherein the maximum heating power refers to the maximum value of the original heating power before the electric heating device participates in energy recovery. After the vehicle finishes the energy recovery work, the motor returns to the motor working mode, and the electric heating device returns to the original heating power according to the value recorded by the recording unit of the controller.

According to the energy recovery system of the electric vehicle, the application also provides the electric vehicle with excellent cruising ability. The electric vehicle includes the energy recovery system of the electric vehicle as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the electric vehicle may be a vehicle that utilizes electric energy as a main motive energy source, such as a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Because the energy recovery system of the application has higher energy recovery utilization rate, the electric vehicle has higher cruising ability.

The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.