阅读说明：本技术 一种危险废物处置料斗 (Hazardous waste handles hopper ) 是由 甘文义 王响云 王传勇 陈小超 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种危险废物处置料斗,包括料斗本体、压料装置及液压驱动装置；该料斗本体包括前端板、后端板、侧端板；该料斗本体设有第一进料口、第一出料口、第二进料口、第二出料口；该第二出料口外侧覆盖有排料门；该压料装置包括支撑框、压料器及外部的压料壳体；该支撑框具有顶杆和底杆；该底杆两端均设有第一铰接座,该顶杆中部设有第二铰接座；该后端板外侧底部固定设有基板,该基板两端均设有支板,中间设有第三铰接座；各支板与对应的第一铰接座铰接,该第三铰接座、该第二铰接座分别与第二液压杆两端铰接；该压料器包括两个弧形侧板,两个弧形侧板顶部分别与该顶杆两端固定连接,两个弧形侧板底部之间通过横板固定连接,该横板底部设有压料板。(A hazardous waste disposal hopper comprises a hopper body, a material pressing device and a hydraulic driving device; the hopper body comprises a front end plate, a rear end plate and side end plates; the hopper body is provided with a first feeding hole, a first discharging hole, a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole; a discharge door is covered on the outer side of the second discharge hole; the pressing device comprises a supporting frame, a pressing device and an external pressing shell; the supporting frame is provided with a top rod and a bottom rod; the two ends of the bottom rod are provided with first hinge seats, and the middle part of the ejector rod is provided with a second hinge seat; a base plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the rear end plate, support plates are arranged at two ends of the base plate, and a third hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the base plate; each support plate is hinged with the corresponding first hinge seat, and the third hinge seat and the second hinge seat are respectively hinged with two ends of the second hydraulic rod; the material pressing device comprises two arc-shaped side plates, the tops of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected with the two ends of the ejector rod respectively, the bottoms of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected through a transverse plate, and a material pressing plate is arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate.)

1. A hazardous waste disposal hopper is characterized by comprising a hopper body, a material pressing device and a hydraulic driving device;

the hopper body is in a vertical cylindrical shape and comprises a front end plate and a rear end plate which are oppositely arranged, and the two ends of the front end plate and the rear end plate are connected through a side end plate; the top of the hopper body is provided with a first feeding hole, the bottom of the hopper body is provided with a first discharging hole, the upper part of the front end plate is provided with a second feeding hole, and the lower part of the front end plate is provided with a second discharging hole; the axes of the first feeding hole and the first discharging hole are vertical, the axis of the second feeding hole is horizontal, and an included angle is formed between the axis of the second discharging hole and the horizontal direction, so that the bottom of the second discharging hole extends towards the inner lower side in an inclined mode, and the degree of the included angle is 50-70 degrees; a discharge door is covered on the outer side of the second discharge port, the top of the discharge door is hinged with a mounting plate arranged on the front end plate, and two ends of the discharge door are hinged with the tail end of a first hydraulic rod arranged on the side end plate, so that the discharge door can rotate around the mounting plate under the driving of the first hydraulic rod;

the pressing device comprises a supporting frame, a pressing device and an external pressing shell; the supporting frame is provided with a top rod and a bottom rod which are fixedly connected through a side rod; the two ends of the bottom rod are provided with first hinge seats, and the middle part of the ejector rod is provided with a second hinge seat; a base plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the rear end plate, support plates are arranged at two ends of the base plate, and a third hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the base plate; each support plate is hinged with the corresponding first hinge seat, and the third hinge seat and the second hinge seat are respectively hinged with two ends of the second hydraulic rod; the material pressing device comprises two symmetrical arc-shaped side plates, the tops of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected with the two ends of the ejector rod respectively, the bottoms of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected through a transverse plate, and a plurality of T-shaped material pressing plates are arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate; the rear end plate is provided with an opening corresponding to the material pressing device, and the material pressing device penetrates through the opening to enable the transverse plate to rotate and move to the position above the first material outlet; the material pressing shell is fixedly connected with the rear end plate, and the supporting frame and the material pressing device are covered in the material pressing shell;

the first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod and the hydraulic driving device are connected through pipelines.

2. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1, wherein: a proximity switch and a mechanical locking device are arranged at the position of the front end plate corresponding to the closing position of the discharge door; two explosion-proof proximity switches are arranged between the support plate and the first hinge seat and respectively correspond to the highest and lowest positions of the transverse plate.

3. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the width of arc curb plate bottom is crescent from top to bottom, the pressure flitch bottom is the M type.

4. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 3, wherein: an arc stiffening panel is arranged between the two arc side plates.

5. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: a plurality of longitudinal rib plates are arranged on the inner side of the discharge door, and the thickness of each rib plate is gradually increased from top to bottom; and a sealing rubber plate is arranged between the inner side of the discharge door and the front end plate.

6. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a rubber scraper is arranged at the inner side of the rear end plate corresponding to the periphery of the material pressing device, and a washing water interface is arranged above the rubber scraper.

7. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hopper body is provided with an explosion venting pipe interface, a nitrogen supplementing interface, a fire extinguishing spraying interface, a smoke alarm detection interface, an infrared temperature measurement interface, an oxygen content detection/gas taking interface and a glass sight glass observation hole, and an explosion-proof camera is arranged above the glass sight glass observation hole.

8. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the material pressing shell is divided into an upper shell and a lower shell which are respectively connected on the hopper body through bolts, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected through bolts, the upper shell is provided with a flushing water pipe, and the lower shell is provided with an observation door and an access door.

9. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a wear-resistant steel plate with the thickness not less than 5mm is embedded in the inner wall of the hopper body.

10. The hazardous waste disposal hopper of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a hydraulic balance valve is arranged on an oil cylinder pipeline of the second hydraulic rod and is fixed on the material pressing shell.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an environment-friendly device, in particular to a hazardous waste disposal hopper.

Background

With the development of industry, the hazardous waste generated in the industrial production process is increasing day by day, the harmless treatment demand of hazardous waste is also increasing day by day, and the solid hazardous waste treatment is to send the hazardous waste into a crusher to be crushed into small-size fine materials firstly, at present, the common crusher is used for directly sending the materials into the crusher through a feed hopper to be crushed, when the materials are placed in the crusher feed hopper, sometimes because the materials are large, the irregular shapes often stop above a cutter shaft and cannot enter the cutter blade to complete shearing and crushing, and at this time, the materials need to be externally pressurized to assist the materials to enter a crushing tooth cavity. However, if people are arranged to press the dangerous materials manually, the dangerous materials not only have potential safety hazards of splashing materials to hurt people and the like, but also have the problems of large working strength and incapability of keeping up with the pressing time and force, the hazardous wastes are extremely harmful to human bodies, and toxic and harmful substances are seriously volatilized during crushing, so that various safety accidents are easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hazardous waste disposal hopper with a material pressing device, which has the functions of automatically pressing down materials, isolating workers from hazardous waste, and improving the degree of automation and safety of operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a hazardous waste disposal hopper comprises a hopper body, a material pressing device and a hydraulic driving device;

the hopper body is in a vertical cylindrical shape and comprises a front end plate and a rear end plate which are oppositely arranged, and the two ends of the front end plate and the rear end plate are connected through a side end plate; the top of the hopper body is provided with a first feeding hole, the bottom of the hopper body is provided with a first discharging hole, the upper part of the front end plate is provided with a second feeding hole, and the lower part of the front end plate is provided with a second discharging hole; the axes of the first feeding hole and the first discharging hole are vertical, the axis of the second feeding hole is horizontal, and an included angle is formed between the axis of the second discharging hole and the horizontal direction, so that the bottom of the second discharging hole extends towards the inner lower side in an inclined mode, and the degree of the included angle is 50-70 degrees; a discharge door is covered on the outer side of the second discharge port, the top of the discharge door is hinged with a mounting plate arranged on the front end plate, and two ends of the discharge door are hinged with the tail end of a first hydraulic rod arranged on the side end plate, so that the discharge door can rotate around the mounting plate under the driving of the first hydraulic rod;

the pressing device comprises a supporting frame, a pressing device and an external pressing shell; the supporting frame is provided with a top rod and a bottom rod which are fixedly connected through a side rod; the two ends of the bottom rod are provided with first hinge seats, and the middle part of the ejector rod is provided with a second hinge seat; a base plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the rear end plate, support plates are arranged at two ends of the base plate, and a third hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the base plate; each support plate is hinged with the corresponding first hinge seat, and the third hinge seat and the second hinge seat are respectively hinged with two ends of the second hydraulic rod; the material pressing device comprises two symmetrical arc-shaped side plates, the tops of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected with the two ends of the ejector rod respectively, the bottoms of the two arc-shaped side plates are fixedly connected through a transverse plate, and a plurality of T-shaped material pressing plates are arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate; the rear end plate is provided with an opening corresponding to the material pressing device, and the material pressing device penetrates through the opening to enable the transverse plate to rotate and move to the position above the first material outlet; the material pressing shell is fixedly connected with the rear end plate, and the supporting frame and the material pressing device are covered in the material pressing shell;

the first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod and the hydraulic driving device are connected through pipelines.

Furthermore, a proximity switch and a mechanical locking device are arranged at the position, corresponding to the position where the discharge door is closed, of the front end plate; two explosion-proof proximity switches are arranged between the support plate and the first hinge seat and respectively correspond to the highest and lowest positions of the transverse plate.

Further, the width of arc curb plate bottom is crescent from top to bottom, press the flitch bottom to be the M type.

Furthermore, an arc stiffening panel is arranged between the two arc side plates.

Furthermore, a plurality of longitudinal rib plates are arranged on the inner side of the discharge door, and the thickness of each rib plate is gradually increased from top to bottom; and a sealing rubber plate is arranged between the inner side of the discharge door and the front end plate.

Furthermore, a rubber scraper is installed on the inner side of the rear end plate corresponding to the periphery of the material pressing device, and a flushing water interface is arranged above the rubber scraper.

Furthermore, the hopper body is provided with an explosion venting pipe interface, a nitrogen supplementing interface, a fire extinguishing spraying interface, a smoke alarm detection interface, an infrared temperature measurement interface, an oxygen content detection/gas taking interface and a glass sight glass observation hole, and an explosion-proof camera is arranged above the glass sight glass observation hole.

Further, press the material casing to divide into casing and lower casing two parts, respectively with bolted connection on the hopper body, should go up and use bolted connection between the casing and the lower casing, should go up the casing and be equipped with wash pipe, should be equipped with observation door and access door down the casing.

Furthermore, wear-resisting steel plates with the thickness not less than 5mm are inlaid on the inner wall of the hopper body.

Furthermore, a hydraulic balance valve is installed on an oil cylinder pipeline of the second hydraulic rod and fixed on the material pressing shell.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hazardous waste disposal hopper has strong adaptability to materials, and can be used for a wide range of materials including but not limited to industrial hazardous wastes, medical wastes, electronic wastes, waste barrels, barreled wastes, organic wastes, household wastes, waste plastics and the like. The hazardous waste disposal hopper can realize continuous and automatic control operation in the links of receiving, storing, pressing and crushing materials, reduces the loss of manpower and material resources and improves the safety of operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention (hydraulic drive not shown).

Fig. 3 is a right side view of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention (hydraulic drive not shown).

Fig. 4 is a top view of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention (hydraulic drive not shown).

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the discharge gate of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken in the direction of a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the configuration of the pressing device of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the holding device of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hazardous waste disposal hopper, which is installed on the upper part of various crushers and used in cooperation with the crushers, and comprises a hopper body 1, a material pressing device 2, a hydraulic driving device 3, a hydraulic station and an electrical control cabinet (which are prior art and are not described again).

As shown in fig. 1-5, the hopper body 1 is in a vertical cylindrical shape, and includes a front end plate 11 and a rear end plate 12 which are oppositely arranged, and both ends of the front end plate and the rear end plate are connected through a side end plate 13. The top of the hopper body 1 is provided with a first feeding hole 14, the bottom of the hopper body is provided with a first discharging hole 15, the upper part of the front end plate 11 is provided with a second feeding hole 16, and the lower part of the front end plate 11 is provided with a second discharging hole 17. The axes of the first feeding hole 14 and the first discharging hole 15 are vertical, the axis of the second feeding hole 16 is horizontal, an included angle is formed between the axis of the second discharging hole 17 and the horizontal direction, so that the bottom of the second discharging hole 17 extends to the inner oblique lower side, and the degree of the included angle is 50-70 degrees. This first feed inlet 14, second feed inlet 16 all are equipped with the flange for be connected with feed arrangement, can satisfy the different demands of top grab bucket feeding and side lifting machine feeding simultaneously, can adjust according to the actual use environment is nimble. In the first inlet 14 and the second inlet 16, the other inlet is closed after the position of the inlet is determined, or both inlets are simultaneously connected with the feeding device in a sealing way. The first discharge port 15 is connected with an inlet of the crusher through a flange to form a totally-enclosed structure (the whole sealing bearing pressure is not more than 0.09MPa), so that splashing and diffusion of toxic and harmful substances during crushing of hazardous waste materials can be effectively prevented.

The outside of this second discharge gate 17 covers there is row bin gate 18, and the mounting panel 111 that sets up on this front end plate 11 in this row of bin gate 18 top is articulated, and this row bin gate 18 both ends all with the terminal articulated of the first hydraulic stem 19 that sets up on this side end plate 13, make this row bin gate 18 can rotate around this mounting panel 111 under the drive of this first hydraulic stem 19. The discharging door 18 can be used for taking out special materials which cannot be crushed in the hopper body 1 after being opened, and can also be used for replacing a damaged material pressing plate on the material pressing device 2, a proximity switch is arranged at the position, corresponding to the closing position of the discharging door 18, of the front end plate 11, a mechanical locking device is arranged, and after the discharging door 18 is closed, the position is locked through the mechanical locking device (such as a locking screw rod and a locking nut). The inner side of the discharge gate 18 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal rib plates 181, and the thickness of each rib plate 181 is gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the material of the feed hopper body 1 can not be blocked when passing through the discharge gate 18. A sealing rubber plate is arranged between the inner side of the discharge gate 18 and the front end plate 11 to prevent gas leakage.

The inner wall of the hopper body 1 is inlaid with a wear-resistant steel plate with the thickness not less than 5mm, so that the service life of the hopper body 1 can be prolonged. The hopper body 1 is provided with an explosion venting pipe interface, a nitrogen supplementing interface, a fire extinguishing spraying interface, a smoke alarm detection interface, an infrared temperature measurement interface, an oxygen content detection/gas taking interface and a glass sight glass observation hole, and all sensors adopt an explosion-proof design. The size of the explosion venting pipe interface is a national standard flange interface not less than DN 400; a nitrogen supplementing interface, wherein the size of the interface is a national standard flange interface between DN25 and DN 80; the fire extinguishing spraying interface is a national standard flange interface with the size of DN 25-DN 60; the smoke alarm detection interface is a national standard flange interface with the size of DN 25-DN 80; the infrared temperature measurement interface is a national standard flange interface with the size between DN25 and DN 100; the oxygen content detection/gas extraction interface is a national standard flange interface with the size of DN 25-DN 60; an explosion-proof camera is arranged above the observation hole of the glass sight glass to monitor the crushing condition of the materials in the hopper body.

The hopper body 1 of the hazardous waste disposal hopper can be designed into a module, all side plates of the hopper are welded (full-welded), the sealing effect of the hopper is ensured to be good, liquid seepage, air leakage and the like are prevented, and in addition, antirust paint is coated inside the hopper, so that the service life of the hopper in a certain period is ensured.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the pressing device 2 includes a supporting frame 21, a pressing device 22, and an external pressing housing 23. The support frame 21 has a top bar 211 and a bottom bar 212 fixedly connected to each other by a side bar 213. The two ends of the bottom rod 212 are both provided with a first hinge base 214, and the middle of the top rod 211 is provided with a second hinge base 215. The base plate 24 is fixed at the bottom of the outer side of the rear end plate 12, the support plates 241 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the base plate 24, and the third hinge seat 242 is arranged in the middle. Each support plate 241 is hinged to the corresponding first hinge seat 214, and the third hinge seat 242 and the second hinge seat 215 are respectively hinged to two ends of the second hydraulic rod 25. The material pressing device 22 comprises two symmetrical arc-shaped side plates 221, the center of an arc is arranged at the hinge joint of the support plate 241 and the first hinge base 214, and the material pressing device 22 performs reciprocating rotation motion by taking the hinge joint as the center and is used for applying pressing force to materials. The tops of the two arc-shaped side plates 221 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the top rod 211, the bottoms of the two arc-shaped side plates 221 are fixedly connected through a transverse plate 222, the bottom of the transverse plate 222 is provided with a plurality of T-shaped pressure plates 223, and an arc-shaped stiffening panel 224 is arranged between the two arc-shaped side plates 221. The width of this arc curb plate 221 bottom from top to bottom crescent has increased the area of contact of head pressure flitch 223 with the material, and head pressure flitch 223 bottom is the M type, makes its ability stable press the material, prevents to skid, presses the flitch 223 material to inlay wear-resisting steel sheet or build-up welding wear-resisting welding rod for conventional carbon steel sheet skin. The pressing plate 223 is fixed on the transverse plate 222 by bolts, and the pressing plate 223 can be replaced when damaged. The rear end plate 12 is provided with an opening corresponding to the material pressing device 22, and the material pressing device 22 passes through the opening, so that the horizontal plate 222 can rotate and move above the first material outlet 15 to perform material pressing operation. Two explosion-proof proximity switches 26 are arranged between the support plate 241 and the first hinge base 214, and correspond to the highest and lowest positions of the transverse plate 222 respectively.

The pressing housing 23 is fixedly connected to the rear end plate 12, and encloses the support frame 21 and the pressing device 22. The inner side of the rear end plate 12 is provided with a rubber scraper corresponding to the periphery of the material holder 22 to prevent the material holder 22 from bringing the material into the material holding shell 23, and a washing water interface 27 is arranged above the rubber scraper to automatically spray water at regular time under the electrical control to wash the material stuck on the material holder 22. This press material casing 23 divide into casing 231 and casing 232 two parts down, respectively with bolted connection on this hopper body 1, should go up and use bolted connection between casing 231 and the casing 232 down, should go up casing 231 and be equipped with the wash tub pipe, convenient cleanness, casing 232 is equipped with observation door and access door down, is used for observing explosion-proof proximity switch's installation condition and overhauls parts such as swager, pneumatic cylinder respectively.

The material pressing device can apply certain pressure to the material, so that the material can enter a cutter head of the crusher more quickly, the material crushing efficiency is improved, and compared with the traditional feeding hopper, the material pressing device is more environment-friendly, safer and more efficient.

The first hydraulic rod 19 and the second hydraulic rod 25 are connected to the respective hydraulic drive 3 by a line. A hydraulic balance valve is installed on a cylinder pipeline of the second hydraulic rod 25, and the hydraulic balance valve is fixed on the swaging shell 23, so that the swaging device 22 can stably and controllably operate. The material pressing device 22 can automatically press materials through the controller, the proportional valve, the position sensor and the like, manual operation is not needed, the structure is simple, safety and reliability are realized, the working efficiency is higher, the electric control unit is automatically controlled, the electric control unit can be realized in the prior art, and details are omitted here.

The working principle of the hazardous waste disposal hopper of the invention is as follows: the material gets into from upper portion feed arrangement's export, through sealed storehouse, the hopper body 1 is gone into behind the gate valve, be provided with oxygen content detection mouth and supplementary nitrogen gas interface on the hopper body 1 and can adjust the oxygen content in the feeder hopper, effectively reduce the material and catch fire, the explosion probability, the material is broken to the small-size after getting into the breaker, major possession and the irregular material of shape also can get into broken chamber fast under the extrusion of eccentric swager, tiny material after the breakage shifts to the process link in low reaches through other conveying equipment, special material that the breakage can not be passed through arranges bin gate 18 and discharges.

The hopper is of a fully-closed structure, so that dangerous conditions such as splashing, fire, explosion, dangerous substance leakage and the like during crushing of materials can be effectively prevented, direct contact between field workers and dangerous waste is isolated, and the harm to personnel caused by dangerous conditions such as fire, explosion, harmful substance leakage and the like during crushing of the materials is avoided; the sensor interfaces, the observation ports and the gas injection ports on the hopper can timely and effectively deal with dangerous conditions such as fire, explosion and the like in the feeding hopper; the explosion venting pipe interface on the hopper body can enable the material to move along a preset path when the broken material explodes, weaken the air pressure in the hopper and avoid damaging other equipment/personnel; the top and the side of the hopper are provided with feed inlets in a flange bolt connection mode, so that the feeding mode and direction can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual conditions of a use site, and different requirements of feeding of the upper grab bucket and feeding of the side elevator can be met simultaneously; the hopper can be pressed down the material automatically from the press device who takes under the drive of pneumatic cylinder, guarantees that the material can quick orderly get into broken chamber, reduces personnel's work load, makes the broken work of material safer, and is more high-efficient, more reliable.

The above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope of the invention, and therefore the above description should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and all technical solutions that fall under the spirit of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.