阅读说明：本技术 一种用于制作方排管冷却水道的焊接组件及其制备方法 (Welding assembly for manufacturing square-tube-array cooling water channel and preparation method thereof ) 是由 吴玉程 沈旭 朱晓勇 于 2020-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及热等静压扩散焊接技术领域,公开了一种用于制作方排管冷却水道的焊接组件及其制备方法,包括：包套本体、包套端盖以及至少两个方排管；所述包套本体内开设有贯穿两端的空腔,至少一个方排管沿包套本体轴向均匀设置在空腔内,包套端盖设有与方排管位置及形状相匹配的开口,包套端盖的尺寸略小于空腔的尺寸。本发明有效解决多方管间的扩散连接以及方管焊接变形问题,其整体成型后的排管间无间隙,成型后的冷却水道可有效承受高温高压环境,同时可满足冷却效果以及安全性的要求。(The invention relates to the technical field of hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding, and discloses a welding assembly for manufacturing a square-tube cooling water channel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the welding assembly comprises the following steps: the jacket comprises a jacket body, a jacket end cover and at least two square calandria; the novel cable sheath is characterized in that a cavity penetrating through two ends is formed in the sheath body, at least one square tube is uniformly arranged in the cavity along the axial direction of the sheath body, the sheath end cover is provided with an opening matched with the square tube in position and shape, and the size of the sheath end cover is slightly smaller than that of the cavity. The invention effectively solves the problems of diffusion connection among multi-side pipes and welding deformation of the square pipes, no gap exists among the integrally formed pipes, the formed cooling water channel can effectively bear high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the requirements of cooling effect and safety can be met.)

1. A welded assembly for making square tube bank cooling water channels, said welded assembly comprising: the jacket comprises a jacket body (1), a jacket end cover (2) and at least two square discharge pipes (3); the cable sheath is characterized in that a cavity (11) penetrating through two ends is formed in the sheath body (1), at least one square tube (3) is axially and uniformly arranged in the cavity (11) along the sheath body (1), an opening (21) matched with the position and the shape of the square tube (3) is formed in the sheath end cover (2), and the size of the sheath end cover (2) is slightly smaller than that of the cavity (11).

2. Welding assembly according to claim 1, wherein the clearance between the capsule end cap (2) and the cavity (11) is less than 0.05 mm.

3. Welding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the clearance between the square tube (3) and the cavity (11) is less than 0.20 mm.

4. Welded assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that both the capsule body (1) and the capsule end cap (2) are made of 304 steel, the square gauntlet (3) being made of a low-activation ferritic/martensitic steel.

5. Welding assembly according to claim 4, wherein the opening (21) of the capsule end cap (2) is located between the outer and inner walls of the square row of tubes (3) and the four corners of the opening (21) are rounded.

6. The preparation method of the square calandria cooling water channel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the surface to be welded of the square exhaust pipe (3) is finely processed to ensure that the roughness is less than Ra3.2, and the square exhaust pipe (3) is low-activation ferrite/martensite steel;

manufacturing a sheath body (1), wherein a cavity (11) penetrating through two ends is formed in the sheath body (1), at least two square discharge pipes (3) are uniformly arranged in the cavity (11) along the axial direction of the sheath body (1), and the gap between the square discharge pipes (3) and the cavity (11) is smaller than 0.20 mm;

manufacturing a sheath end cover (2), wherein the gap between the sheath end cover (2) and the cavity (11) is less than 0.05mm, and the sheath end cover (2) is provided with an opening (21) matched with the square exhaust pipe (3) in position and shape;

carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and drying on the finely processed square calandria (3), the prepared sheath body (1) and the sheath end cover (2);

respectively sealing and welding the sheath end cover (2), the cavity (11) and the square exhaust pipe (3), wherein the vacuum leakage rate is less than 10 during welding^{- 3}Pa·m³/S；

Performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding on the at least two square exhaust pipes (3), wherein the hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding temperature is 900-;

and (3) sealing the pipe plug of the square discharging pipe (3), then carrying out thermal refining, removing the sheath body (1) and the sheath end cover (2), and drying.

7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the thermal refining includes:

water quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 1100-1200 ℃; and (4) tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 750-900 ℃, and the time is 0.5-3 h.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 6, characterized in that the exposed ends of the square tube (3) are sealed by argon arc welding when the square tube (3) is sealed by the tube plug.

9. Preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that the removal of the capsule body (1) and the capsule end cap (2) is carried out by means of planing or milling.

10. The method for preparing according to claim 6, wherein the sheath end cap (2) is sealed and welded with the cavity (11) and the square exhaust tube (3) by vacuum electron beam welding.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding, in particular to a welding assembly for manufacturing a square-tube cooling water channel and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the design of nuclear fusion reactors, low activation ferrite/martensite Steel (Reduced activation Fe rritic/martentitic Steel s.rafm Steel) is the first wall/cladding material of nuclear fusion reactor, which, in addition to serving as a plasma-facing component, serves to protect the vacuum chamber and superconducting magnet, and to shield the radiation of fusion reactions, since its first wall directly faces the plasma, in addition to the task of shoulder tritium. Meanwhile, neutron flow and heat flow generated by fusion reaction can enter the cladding, heat energy generated by the neutrons in the cladding due to speed reduction and part of energy in the heat flow are absorbed by a cooling system of the cladding, and the cooling system can be used for generating electricity and is used as an important part of the cladding to directly influence the cooling effect and the safety service of the cladding.

According to the current structural design requirement, a square tube array structural form exists, but a square tube and a square tube are welded by adopting traditional fusion welding or high-energy beam welding, welding stress can be generated to cause welding deformation, meanwhile, the inner corner of the square tube possibly has large stress, and welding cracks can be caused by long-term use, so that the crack expansion leads to component failure. In addition, the square holes are directly machined by adopting the traditional plate, so that the square holes with the thickness of more than 1m are difficult to machine at the same time of low production efficiency.

In the prior art, hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding forming is adopted, but welded parts are completely sealed in a sheath, so that the pressure inside the tube is inconsistent with the pressure of an outer cavity of the sheath, and the parts are easy to deform due to overlarge pressure.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a welding assembly for manufacturing a square calandria cooling water channel and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem that the internal pressure of the square calandria is inconsistent with the pressure of an outer cavity of a sheath in the prior art, so that the part is easy to deform due to overlarge pressure, realize the diffusion connection and welding deformation of the 1-3m square calandria, effectively bear high temperature and high pressure after the square calandria is diffusion connected, and prevent the internal pipeline from generating cracks and defects due to connection.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welded assembly for making square tube bank cooling water channels, comprising: the jacket comprises a jacket body 1, a jacket end cover 2 and at least two square discharge pipes 3 (hereinafter, also referred to as square pipes for short); the novel cable sheath is characterized in that a cavity 11 penetrating through two ends is formed in the sheath body 1, at least one square tube 3 is uniformly arranged in the cavity 11 along the axial direction of the sheath body 1, an opening 21 matched with the square tube 3 in position and shape is formed in the sheath end cover 2, and the size of the sheath end cover 2 is slightly smaller than that of the cavity 11.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gap between the capsule end cap 2 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.05 mm.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the clearance between the square row tube 3 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.20 mm.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the jacket body 1 and the jacket end caps 2 are made of 304 steel, and the square gauntlet 3 is made of low activation ferrite/martensite steel.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the opening 21 of the jacket end cap 2 is located between the outer wall and the inner wall of the square row tube 3, and four corners of the opening 21 are rounded.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a square tube bank cooling water channel, comprising the following steps:

finish machining is carried out on the surfaces to be welded of the square exhaust pipes 3 to ensure that the roughness of the surfaces is less than Ra3.2, and the square exhaust pipes 3 are made of low-activation ferrite/martensite steel;

manufacturing a sheath body 1, wherein a cavity 11 penetrating through two ends is formed in the sheath body 1, at least two square tube banks 3 are uniformly arranged in the cavity 11 along the axial direction of the sheath body 1, and the gap between the square tube banks 3 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.20 mm;

manufacturing a sheath end cover 2, wherein the gap between the sheath end cover 2 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.05mm, and the sheath end cover 2 is provided with an opening 21 matched with the square discharge pipe 3 in position and shape;

carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finely processed square calandria 3, the prepared sheath body 1 and the sheath end cover 2, and drying;

respectively sealing and welding the sheath end cover 2, the cavity 11 and the square exhaust pipe 3, wherein the vacuum leakage rate is less than 10 < -3 > Pa.m³/S；

Performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding on at least two square exhaust pipes 3, wherein the hot isostatic pressing pressure medium is argon, the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding is 900-;

and (3) sealing the pipe plug of the square discharging pipe 3, then carrying out thermal refining, removing the sheath body 1 and the sheath end cover 2, and drying.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the thermal refining includes:

water quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 1100-1200 ℃; and (4) tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 750-900 ℃, and the time is 0.5-3 h.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the square tube 3 is sealed by the tube plug, the exposed two ends of the square tube 3 are sealed by argon arc welding.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the removal of the capsule body 1 and the capsule end cap 2 is performed by machining using a planer or milling machine.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the can end cap 2 is sealed with the cavity 11 and the square exhaust tube 3 by vacuum electron beam welding.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a welding assembly for manufacturing a square calandria cooling water channel, which provides possibility for a new welding process of a square pipe to be welded through the respective design of a sheath body and a sheath end cover;

meanwhile, in the invention, the sheath does not seal the welded parts completely, and the welded parts are sealed, so that the pressure in the tube is consistent with the pressure of the outer cavity of the sheath, thereby not only effectively solving the problem of deformation of the parts caused by overlarge pressure due to the complete sealing of the sheath, but also being beneficial to the diffusion connection among square exhaust tubes.

The diffusion connection process provided by the invention can solve the problems of diffusion connection and welding deformation of the 1-3m rectangular calandria, the square calandria can effectively bear high temperature and high pressure after diffusion connection, the internal pipeline can not generate cracks and defects due to connection, the deformation problem of the parts containing the complex water-cooling flow channel during connection (welding) is effectively solved by adopting the technical means such as sheath sealing welding and the like, and the oxidation problem caused by quenching and tempering is effectively solved by adopting a plug to seal the pipe after diffusion welding. The formed integral water-cooling runner can effectively bear high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the requirements of a cooling system on the cooling effect and safety of the cladding are met.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welded assembly for manufacturing square-tube cooling water channels in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the jacket end cap of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a metallographic image of a diffusion-welded area of a 100MPa tube-in-tube array according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a metallographic image of a diffusion-welded surface of a tube at 140MPa according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that certain names are used throughout the specification and claims to refer to particular components. It will be understood that one of ordinary skill in the art may refer to the same component by different names. The present specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. As used in the specification and claims of this application, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" are intended to be open-ended terms that should be interpreted as "including, but not limited to," or "including, but not limited to. The embodiments described in the detailed description are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the application designs a brand new welding assembly in order to solve the problem that in the prior art, the welded parts are completely sealed in the sheath, so that the pressure inside the pipe is inconsistent with the pressure of the cavity of the sheath, and the deformation of the parts is easily caused due to overlarge pressure.

In order to achieve the technical effects, the embodiment of the application has the following overall design idea: the method comprises the steps of sealing a sheath body 1 and a sheath end cover 2, sealing the sheath end cover 2 and a square calandria 3 to form sealing among the exterior of the sheath body 1, the exterior of the sheath end cover 2 and the exterior of the square calandria 3, and detecting the sealing effect by helium mass spectrum backpressure leak detection after sealing to ensure that no leakage exists between the sheath and the square calandria and the sealing is effective. The square tube is opened, the pressed workpiece is under the action of a hot isostatic pressure medium, the pressure bearing pressure inside the tube is consistent with the pressure bearing pressure of an outer cavity of the sheath, the problem that the part is deformed due to overlarge pressure caused by the fact that the sheath is fully sealed is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the pressure born by a diffusion welding interface is twice of the working pressure, so that diffusion connection among square tubes is facilitated.

In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a welded assembly for manufacturing a square tube bank cooling water channel, which includes a jacket body 1, a jacket end cover 2, and a plurality of square tube banks 3. The "plurality" in the present invention means two or more.

The sheath body 1 is provided with a cavity 11 penetrating through two ends.

The square discharge pipes 3 are uniformly arranged in the cavity 11 (hereinafter also referred to as "jacket cavity") along the axial direction of the jacket body 1, and the clearance between the square discharge pipes 3 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.20mm, preferably less than 0.10 mm.

The sheath end cover 2 is provided with an opening 21 matched with the square discharge pipe 3 in position and shape.

The sheath end cover 2 is in clearance fit with the cavity 11, and in the embodiment, the fit clearance between the sheath end cover 2 and the cavity 11 is less than 0.05 mm.

The lattice-shaped opening 21 of the sleeve end cap 2 is provided with rounded corners 22 in this embodiment.

Generally, the jacket body 1 can be manufactured according to the overall dimensions of all the square pipes 3 to be welded, so that the overall dimensions of the pipes 3 after assembly and welding are matched with the cavity 11 of the jacket body 1.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a cooling water channel using square pipes in embodiment 1, including the following steps:

finely processing the surface to be welded of the square exhaust pipe 3 to make the roughness of the surface to be welded lower than Ra3.2; in this embodiment, the square comb 3 is made of RAFM steel.

Manufacturing a sheath body 1 and a sheath end cover 2, and preparing by adopting 304 steel materials, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

manufacturing the sheath body 1 according to the overall dimension of all the square pipes 3 to be welded, and matching the overall dimension of the discharge pipe 3 after assembly welding with the cavity 11 of the sheath body 1 to be less than 0.10 mm;

the sheath end cover 2 is manufactured according to the number, the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the square calandria 3, wherein the fit clearance between the end cover 2 and the cavity 11 of the sheath body 1 is less than 0.05mm, the number of the grid-shaped openings 21 is equal to the number of the square calandria 3, and the size of the grid-shaped openings is smaller than the outer diameter of the square pipe 3 and larger than the inner diameter of the square pipe (namely, the openings 21 are positioned between the outer wall and the;

carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the finished square tube 3 component, the manufactured sheath body 1 and the sheath end cover 2, and drying;

after the square tube 3 is placed in the sheath body 1, the sheath end cover 2 is covered;

respectively sealing and welding the sheath end cover 2 and the sheath cavity 11, and each grid-shaped opening 21 and the square pipe 3 by adopting a vacuum electron beam welding mode, wherein the vacuum leakage rate is less than 10 during welding^-3Pa.m 3/S, ensuring that sealing is formed among the sheath body 1, the end cover 2 and the outer part of the square tube 3 after welding, and detecting the sealing effect by helium mass spectrum backpressure leak detection after welding to ensure that no leakage exists between the sheath and the square tube and the sealing is effective; the inner part of the square tube 3 is open;

carrying out hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding on the square exhaust pipes 3, wherein the pressure medium is argon, the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding is 900-;

and then sequentially carrying out pipe plug sealing, thermal refining, jacket body 1 and jacket end cover 2 removal and drying.

Specifically, the thermal refining step specifically comprises:

water quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 1100-1200 ℃; and (4) tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 750-900 ℃, and the time is 0.5-3 h.

The pipe plug is sealed by argon arc welding to seal the two exposed ends of the square pipe 3.

And removing the sheath body 1 and the sheath end cover 2 by adopting a planer or milling machine processing mode.

Results of size detection

The developed 4 groups of runners are diffusion-connected by 5 multiplied by 5mm rectangular tubes, and the deformation of the 5 multiplied by 5mm runner tubes is controlled to be 0.08 mm-0.13 mm after hot isostatic pressing, which is specifically shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 diffusion welding Cross-section size detection

Serial number	Original size	100Mpa	140MPa
				1	5.0×5.0mm	5.0×5.024mm	5.0×5.016mm
2	5.0×5.0mm	5.035×5.081mm	5.020×5.016mm
				3	5.0×5.0mm	5.0×5.080mm	5.024×5.016mm
4	5.0×5.08mm	5.0×5.024mm	5.024×5.130mm

Therefore, according to the welding process disclosed by the invention, the problem of welding deformation of the square exhaust pipe can be effectively solved.

Metallographic examination

FIGS. 3 and 4 are the metallographic images of the diffusion-welded interfaces of the tube bank at 100MPa and 140MPa, respectively. From the figures 3 and 4, the connection interfaces of the square calandria pipes are combined compactly, no obvious defect exists, carbide is precipitated at the interfaces, and the metallographic structure of the mother material is in a tempered martensite structure state after diffusion.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.