阅读说明：本技术 一种再生四氯苯醌的制备方法 (Preparation method of regenerated chloranil ) 是由 黄橙橙 邵振平 王友富 王荣 王炳乾 王洪福 雷灵芝 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种再生四氯苯醌的制备方法,属于化工生产技术领域。本发明以四氯氢醌为原料,以双氧水为氧化剂,在三氯化铁和相转移催化剂作用下,在难溶于水的有机溶剂中进行氧化反应,制备得到四氯苯醌。其中,采用难溶于水的有机溶剂,方便溶剂回收套用,对环境污染小；使用三氯化铁和相转移催化剂配合双氧水氧化反应,生产周期短,生产效率高。本发明提供的方法简单方便,产物收率和纯度高,适合工业化大规模生产,具有良好的经济效益。(The invention provides a preparation method of regenerated chloranil, belonging to the technical field of chemical production. The tetrachlorohydroquinone is used as a raw material, hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant, and oxidation reaction is carried out in an organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve in water under the action of ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst to prepare the tetrachlorobenzoquinone. Wherein, the organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve in water is adopted, so that the solvent is convenient to recycle and reuse, and the environmental pollution is small; the ferric trichloride and the phase transfer catalyst are matched with the hydrogen peroxide for oxidation reaction, so that the production period is short and the production efficiency is high. The method provided by the invention is simple and convenient, has high product yield and purity, is suitable for industrial large-scale production, and has good economic benefit.)

1. The preparation method of the regenerated chloranil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent, a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out oxidation reaction to obtain regenerated tetrachlorobenzoquinone; the organic solvent is insoluble in water, and the catalyst comprises ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent comprises at least one of dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and toluene, and the amount ratio of the organic solvent to tetrachlorohydroquinone is (2-20) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the phase transfer catalyst is a quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst comprises at least one of benzyltriethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst to tetrachlorohydroquinone is (0.01-0.3): 1.

5. the preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ferric trichloride to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is (0.01-0.5): 1.

6. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5-50 wt%, and the dosage ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is (1-15) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.

7. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mixing manner of the tetrachlorohydroquinone, the organic solvent, the catalyst and the hydrogen peroxide comprises the following steps:

mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent and a catalyst to obtain a mixed feed liquid;

and controlling the temperature of the mixed material liquid to be 10-40 ℃, and dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide into the mixed material liquid.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 10-40 ℃; the time of the oxidation reaction is 0.5-2 h, and the time of the oxidation reaction is counted by the completion of the dropwise addition of the hydrogen peroxide.

9. The method according to claim 1 or 8, further comprising, after the oxidation reaction:

and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on a product system obtained after the oxidation reaction, washing the obtained solid material with water, and drying to obtain the tetrachlorobenzoquinone.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the liquid material is obtained after the solid-liquid separation, the liquid material is allowed to stand for layering, an organic layer is separated and used as a solvent, and the organic layer is applied to the oxidation reaction step for more than 50 times.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical production, in particular to a preparation method of regenerated chloranil.

Background

Chloranil with molecular formula of C₆Cl₄O₂Molecular weight 245.88, golden yellow leaf crystal, melting point 290 ℃. Chloranil can be used as a dye intermediate and an agricultural seed dressing agent, and is an intermediate of pesticide and a high molecular compound; in the pharmaceutical industry, chloranil can also be used for producing imine quinone serving as an anti-malignant tumor drug and spironolactone serving as an anti-aldosterone drug.

The existing industrial preparation method specifically uses aniline as a raw material, uses chlorination and hydrochlorination in an anhydrous organic solvent to generate 2,4, 6-trichloroaniline, and chlorinates in anhydrous sulfuric acid at the temperature of 110 ℃ to prepare tetrachlorobenzoquinone. The method has harsh reaction conditions, needs to be carried out under anhydrous conditions, has extremely high requirements on equipment, has great corrosivity of hydrogen chloride gas and anhydrous sulfuric acid on the equipment, and increases the production cost.

In the use process of the tetrachlorobenzoquinone, the tetrachlorohydroquinone is obtained by oxidizing a reaction substrate of the tetrachlorobenzoquinone and reducing the tetrachlorohydroquinone by the tetrachlorobenzoquinone, but the tetrachlorohydroquinone obtained after industrial use is mostly discarded at present, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused, and the resource waste is caused greatly. Therefore, the method for obtaining tetrachlorobenzoquinone by recycling tetrachlorohydroquinone is found, the environmental pressure is greatly reduced, and the resource utilization rate is improved.

CN108689821A discloses a method for regenerating chloranil by hydrogen peroxide oxidation, which takes tetrachlorohydroquinone as a raw material, methanol as a solvent and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant to react in the presence of sulfuric acid to prepare chloranil. The method has long reaction time, more impurities and low product purity and yield; and the solvent methanol in the method is also easy to be oxidized to generate toxic and harmful formaldehyde, and is not suitable for industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of regenerated chloranil, which has the advantages of short production period, little environmental pollution, high product yield and purity and suitability for industrial large-scale production.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a preparation method of regenerated chloranil, which comprises the following steps:

mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent, a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out oxidation reaction to obtain regenerated tetrachlorobenzoquinone; the organic solvent is insoluble in water, and the catalyst comprises ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst.

Preferably, the organic solvent comprises at least one of dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and toluene, and the dosage ratio of the organic solvent to tetrachlorohydroquinone is (2-20) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the phase transfer catalyst is a quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst.

Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst comprises at least one of benzyltriethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst to tetrachlorohydroquinone is (0.01-0.3): 1.

preferably, the mass ratio of the ferric trichloride to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is (0.01-0.5): 1.

preferably, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5-50 wt%, and the dosage ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is (1-15) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the mixing mode of the tetrachlorohydroquinone, the organic solvent, the catalyst and the hydrogen peroxide comprises the following steps:

mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent and a catalyst to obtain a mixed feed liquid;

and controlling the temperature of the mixed material liquid to be 10-40 ℃, and dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide into the mixed material liquid.

Preferably, the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 10-40 ℃; the time of the oxidation reaction is 0.5-2 h, and the time of the oxidation reaction is counted by the completion of the dropwise addition of the hydrogen peroxide.

Preferably, the oxidation reaction further comprises:

and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on a product system obtained after the oxidation reaction, washing the obtained solid material with water, and drying to obtain the tetrachlorobenzoquinone.

Preferably, the liquid material is obtained after the solid-liquid separation, the liquid material is kept stand for layering, an organic layer is separated out and used as a solvent, and the organic layer is applied to the oxidation reaction step for more than 50 times.

The invention provides a preparation method of regenerated chloranil, which comprises the following steps: mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent, a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out oxidation reaction to obtain regenerated tetrachlorobenzoquinone; the organic solvent is insoluble in water, and the catalyst comprises ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst. The tetrachlorohydroquinone is used as a raw material, hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant, and oxidation reaction is carried out in an organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve in water under the action of ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst to prepare the tetrachlorobenzoquinone. Wherein, the organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve in water is adopted, so that the solvent is convenient to recycle and reuse, and the environmental pollution is small; the ferric trichloride and the phase transfer catalyst are matched with the hydrogen peroxide for oxidation reaction, so that the production period is short and the production efficiency is high. The method provided by the invention is simple and convenient, has high product yield and purity, is suitable for industrial large-scale production, and has good economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a preparation method of regenerated chloranil, which comprises the following steps:

mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent, a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out oxidation reaction to obtain regenerated tetrachlorobenzoquinone; the organic solvent is insoluble in water, and the catalyst comprises ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst.

The invention takes hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, and oxidizes tetrachlorohydroquinone in an organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve in water under the action of ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst to obtain tetrachlorobenzoquinone, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:

in the invention, the organic solvent is insoluble in water, is convenient to recycle and has little pollution to the environment. In the present invention, the organic solvent preferably includes at least one of dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and toluene, and the usage ratio of the organic solvent to tetrachlorohydroquinone is preferably (2-20) mL: 1g, more preferably (5-10) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition. In the invention, the tetrachlorohydroquinone is specifically recovered tetrachlorohydroquinone, namely in the using process of tetrachlorobenzoquinone, tetrachlorohydroquinone is obtained by oxidizing a reaction substrate of tetrachlorobenzoquinone and reducing the tetrachlorohydroquinone by self, the tetrachlorohydroquinone is recovered and reused, and the tetrachlorohydroquinone is prepared by adopting the method provided by the invention.

In the present invention, the catalyst includes ferric trichloride and a phase transfer catalyst; the mass ratio of the ferric trichloride to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is preferably (0.01-0.5): 1, more preferably (0.1 to 0.2): 1. in the invention, the phase transfer catalyst is preferably a quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst, the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst preferably comprises at least one of benzyltriethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst to tetrachlorohydroquinone is preferably (0.01-0.3): 1, more preferably (0.1 to 0.2): 1.

in the invention, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is preferably 5-50 wt%, and more preferably 20-30 wt%; the preferable dosage ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the tetrachlorohydroquinone is (1-15) mL: 1g, more preferably (4-10) mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.

In the present invention, the mixing manner of the tetrachlorohydroquinone, the organic solvent, the catalyst and the hydrogen peroxide preferably includes: mixing tetrachlorohydroquinone, an organic solvent and a catalyst to obtain a mixed feed liquid; and controlling the temperature of the mixed material liquid to be 10-40 ℃, and dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide into the mixed material liquid. The invention is beneficial to ensuring the operation safety by dripping hydrogen peroxide. The dropping rate of the hydrogen peroxide solution is not particularly limited, and the dropping rate known by the technicians in the field can be adopted.

In the invention, the temperature of the oxidation reaction is preferably 10-40 ℃, and more preferably 20-30 ℃; the time of the oxidation reaction is preferably 0.5-2 h, more preferably 0.5-1 h, and the time of the oxidation reaction is counted by the completion of the dropwise addition of the hydrogen peroxide. In the present invention, the oxidation reaction is preferably performed under a stirring condition, and the stirring rate is not particularly limited in the present invention, so that the oxidation reaction can be smoothly performed.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the oxidation reaction further comprises: and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on a product system obtained after the oxidation reaction, washing the obtained solid material with water, and drying to obtain the tetrachlorobenzoquinone. The solid-liquid separation method is not particularly limited, and a solid-liquid separation method known to those skilled in the art, such as filtration, may be used. The invention removes a small amount of impurities in the solid material by washing the solid material with water. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 50-80 ℃, and more preferably 60-70 ℃; the time is preferably 8 to 16 hours, and more preferably 10 to 12 hours.

In the invention, the liquid material is also obtained after the solid-liquid separation, the liquid material is preferably kept stand for layering, an organic layer is separated out and used as a solvent, and the organic layer is applied to the oxidation reaction step, wherein the application frequency is preferably more than 50 times.

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Adding 100g of tetrachlorohydroquinone, 200mL of dichloromethane, 1g of ferric trichloride and 10g of tetrabutylammonium bromide into a reactor, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 10 ℃, dropwise adding 1500mL of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and reacting for 1h at 10 ℃; filtering the obtained product system, standing and layering the filtrate, separating an organic layer (namely dichloromethane), and directly applying the organic layer as a solvent to the next batch production; the filter cake is a crude product of chloranil, the filter cake is washed by water and dried for 10 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a refined product of chloranil of 96.1g, the product purity is 99.6 percent, and the yield is 96.1 percent.

Example 2

Adding 100g of tetrachlorohydroquinone, 1000mL of chloroform, 20g of ferric trichloride and 1g of trioctylmethylammonium chloride into a reactor, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 20 ℃, dropwise adding 100mL of 50 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and reacting for 1h at 20 ℃; filtering the obtained product system, standing and layering the filtrate, separating an organic layer (namely chloroform), and directly applying the organic layer (namely chloroform) as a solvent in the next batch production; the filter cake is a crude product of chloranil, the filter cake is washed by water and dried for 10 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a refined product of chloranil of 96.3g, the product purity is 99.7 percent, and the yield is 96.3 percent.

Example 3

Adding 100g of tetrachlorohydroquinone, 2000mL of toluene, 50g of ferric trichloride and 30g of tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride into a reactor, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, slowly dropwise adding 400mL of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and reacting for 0.5h at 40 ℃ after dropwise adding; filtering the obtained product system, standing and layering the filtrate, separating an organic layer (namely toluene) which can be directly used as a solvent in the next batch production; the filter cake is a crude product of chloranil, the filter cake is washed by water and dried for 10 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain 95.7g of a refined chloranil product with the purity of 99.5 percent and the yield of 95.7 percent.

Example 4

Adding 100g of tetrachlorohydroquinone, 200mL of dichloromethane, 1g of ferric trichloride and 10g of tetrabutylammonium bromide into a reactor, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 10 ℃, dropwise adding 1500mL of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and reacting for 1h at 10 ℃; filtering the obtained product system to obtain a filter cake which is a crude tetrachlorobenzoquinone product, washing the filter cake with water, and drying at 60 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a tetrachlorobenzoquinone refined product; standing and layering the filtrate, separating an organic layer (namely dichloromethane), and directly applying the organic layer as a solvent to the next batch production, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

adding 100g of tetrachlorohydroquinone and an organic layer separated from the filtrate of the previous batch into a reactor, adding 10mL of dichloromethane, 1g of ferric trichloride and 10g of tetrabutylammonium bromide, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 10 ℃, dropwise adding 1500mL of hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 5 wt%, and reacting for 1h at 10 ℃; filtering the obtained product system to obtain a filter cake which is a crude tetrachlorobenzoquinone product, washing the filter cake with water, and drying at 60 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a tetrachlorobenzoquinone refined product; standing the filtrate for layering, separating an organic layer (namely dichloromethane), and directly applying the organic layer as a solvent to the next batch production.

The above operation was repeated, and the organic layer separated from the filtrate was used for a total of 50 times. The purity and yield of the chloranil competitive product obtained from each batch are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the organic layer separated from the filtrate was applied for 50 times, and the purity and yield of the refined tetrachlorobenzoquinone product were still high, which could meet the actual production requirements.

TABLE 1 purity and yield of Fine tetrachlorobenzoquinone products obtained in each batch

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.