阅读说明：本技术 褐煤蜡提取工艺 (Extraction process of montan wax ) 是由 苌亮 张中华 张翠清 李晓峰 芦海云 于 2020-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种褐煤蜡提取工艺,它包括以下萃取、褐煤脱溶、褐煤冷却、萃取液换热、结晶与精制、褐煤进入萃取器后与萃取剂接触发生萃取等步骤获得褐煤蜡,通过利用脱溶机出口热褐煤加热萃取液,减少热褐煤冷却过程的冷却水耗量,同时也减少了加热萃取液的热能消耗量；并且,利用脱溶机脱除的萃取剂蒸气加热循环萃取剂,减少了加热循环萃取剂所需的蒸汽量和冷却萃取剂蒸气所需的冷却水耗量,从而降低了提取褐煤蜡时所需的能耗,降低了生成成本。并且通过提供一种新型的平转式的萃取器,使萃取时褐煤完全浸渍在萃取剂内,相比喷淋萃的接触方式,接触面积更大,接触更均匀,萃取传质更充分,并且可以有效实现固液分离,降低后续处理的负荷。(The invention provides a lignite wax extraction process, which comprises the following steps of extraction, lignite desolventizing, lignite cooling, heat exchange of extraction liquid, crystallization and refining, extraction of lignite after entering an extractor and contact with an extractant, and the like, so that lignite wax is obtained, the extraction liquid is heated by utilizing hot lignite at the outlet of the desolventizing machine, the cooling water consumption in the cooling process of the hot lignite is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat energy consumption of the heated extraction liquid is also reduced; and the extraction agent steam removed by the desolventizer is used for heating the circulating extraction agent, so that the steam quantity required for heating the circulating extraction agent and the cooling water consumption required for cooling the extraction agent steam are reduced, the energy consumption required for extracting the montan wax is reduced, and the generation cost is reduced. And through providing a neotype flat rotation formula extractor, make during the extraction brown coal totally soak in the extractant, compare the contact mode of spraying and extracting, area of contact is bigger, and the contact is more even, and the extraction mass transfer is more abundant to can effectively realize solid-liquid separation, reduce the load of follow-up processing.)

1. A montan wax extraction process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

and (3) extraction: lignite enters an extractor and then contacts with an extracting agent to be extracted;

desolventizing lignite: conveying the extracted lignite to a desolventizing machine, and desolventizing at 140-160 ℃; the removed extractant is sent to a circulating extractant heat exchanger for heating the circulating extractant;

cooling lignite: the desolventized lignite is sequentially sent to a rotary heat exchanger for heat exchange and a lignite cooler for heat exchange to be cooled and cooled to obtain dewaxed lignite;

heat exchange of extraction liquid: the extraction liquid from the extractor is sent to the rotary heat exchanger for heat exchange and lignite for heat exchange after pulverized coal is removed by a hydrocyclone and a microporous filter, the extraction liquid after heat exchange is partially gasified, liquid phase components in the extraction liquid are sent to a crystallizer, and gas phase components in the extraction liquid are sent to an extractant condenser;

crystallization and refining: the liquid phase component is sent to a crystalline wax filter to separate out a crude wax product and a filtrate after crystalline wax is separated out in the crystallizer, the crude wax product is sent to a wax steaming tank to be heated to steam out an extracting agent to obtain a montan wax product, and the extracting agent steamed out from the wax steaming tank is sent to the extracting agent condenser;

the extractant from the desolventizing machine is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger to heat the circulating extractant, and then is sent to the extractant condenser;

and the extractant in the extractant condenser is cooled into a liquid phase and then is sent to a water separation tank, the separated water is sent to a water treatment unit, and the separated extractant is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger to be heated and then is returned to the extractor for recycling.

2. The montan wax extraction process of claim 1, wherein the filtrate separated by the filter separator is sent to a solvent evaporator, heated to 155 to 165 ℃ to distill off part of the extractant, the distilled extractant is sent to the extractant condenser, the remaining liquid phase component is sent to a resin concentration tank, and heated to 160 to 175 ℃ to distill off the extractant in the resin to obtain a resin product.

3. The montan wax extraction process of claim 1, wherein the extractant separated from the water knockout drum is added with a fresh extractant, then sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger to be heated to 80-90 ℃ and then sent to the extractor for recycling.

4. The montan wax extraction process of claim 1, wherein the extractor comprises:

a chamber;

the rotary bed body is arranged in the cavity and comprises an upper bed body and a lower bed body, the lower bed body is of a cylindrical structure, the upper bed body is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the upper bed body is connected with the top surface of the lower bed body, the area of the bottom surface of the upper bed body is larger than that of the top surface of the upper bed body, the rotary bed body is provided with a shaft hole, the upper bed body, the lower bed body and the shaft hole are coaxially arranged, and the outer edge of the rotary bed body is provided with an annular overflow weir;

the rotating shaft is of a tubular structure, a first end of the rotating shaft is arranged in the shaft hole, a second end of the rotating shaft extends out of the cavity and is connected with the driving device, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating bed body to horizontally rotate in the cavity under the driving of the driving device;

a guide plate disposed at the top of the chamber, the guide plate being configured to push lignite on the rotating bed to the axle hole when the rotating bed rotates;

the feeding hole is formed in the top of the chamber and used for injecting lignite to be extracted into the chamber and enabling the lignite to fall on the inner side of the overflow weir;

an extractant inlet for injecting extractant into the chamber; and

an extractant outlet for discharging extractant from the chamber;

the lignite enters the pipeline of the rotating shaft from the upper pipe orifice arranged at the first end under the pushing of the guide plate, and is discharged out of the chamber from the lower pipe orifice arranged at the second end.

5. The montan wax extraction process of claim 4, characterized in that, taking the shaft hole as a center, the rotating bed body between the overflow weir and the shaft hole is divided into n distribution rings, at least one guide plate is arranged above each distribution ring, and n is an integer greater than 2.

6. The montan wax extraction process of claim 5, wherein, in the horizontal direction, one end of the guide plate, which is far away from the shaft hole, is located on a vertical line on which an outer ring of the cloth ring is located, and one end of the guide plate, which is close to the shaft hole, is located on a vertical line on which an inner ring of the cloth ring is located.

7. The montan wax extraction process of claim 4, wherein the distance between the guide plates and the rotating bed is greater than or equal to 4 times the maximum grain size diameter of the lignite.

8. The montan wax extraction process of claim 4, wherein the extractor further comprises an agitator disposed at the top of the chamber, the agitator being configured to turn the lignite on the rotating bed.

9. The montan wax extraction process of claim 8, wherein the turner comprises a support frame and a plurality of strip-shaped plates, one end of the support frame is fixed on the guide plate, the other end of the support frame is fixed on the inner side wall of the chamber, one end of each strip-shaped plate is fixed on the support frame, the other end of each strip-shaped plate extends towards one side of the rotating bed body and is used for turning the montan on the rotating bed body, and the plurality of strip-shaped plates are distributed along the radial direction of the rotating bed body.

10. The montan wax extraction process of claim 8, wherein the distance between the turner and the rotating bed is greater than or equal to 4 times the maximum grain size diameter of the lignite.

11. The montan wax extraction process of any of claims 4-10, wherein the included angle between the generatrix of the conical surface of the upper bed and the bottom surface of the upper bed is less than or equal to the angle of repose of the lignite.

12. The montan wax extraction process of any of claims 4-10, wherein the end of the first end of the rotating shaft extends above the rotating bed so that the level of the upper nozzle is higher than the level of the top surface of the upper bed.

13. The montan wax extraction process of any of claims 4-10, wherein the extractor further comprises a heating device for adjusting the extraction temperature within the chamber.

14. The montan wax extraction process of any of claims 4-10, characterized in that, during extraction, the liquid level of the extractant is lower than the height of the upper nozzle at the first end, and the lignite to be extracted is completely soaked by the extractant when falling onto the rotating bed.

15. The montan wax extraction process of any of claims 4-10, wherein during extraction, the mass ratio of the extractant to the lignite is 1.5:1 to 2.5:1, the extraction temperature is 80 to 90 ℃, the extraction pressure is-0.1 kPaG, and the residence time of the lignite in the extractor is 0.5 to 1.5 hours.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of montan wax extraction, in particular to a montan wax extraction process.

Background

In the existing lignite wax extraction process, in order to obtain wax-free lignite, desolventizing needs to be carried out on the extracted lignite, the cooling water consumption of the desolventized hot lignite in the cooling process is large, and a large amount of heat energy needs to be consumed for heating extraction liquid, so that the energy consumption and the cost of the existing lignite wax extraction process are high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a montan wax extraction process, which can effectively solve the problems of high energy consumption and high cost of the existing montan wax extraction process.

The invention provides a montan wax extraction process, which comprises the following steps:

and (3) extraction: lignite enters an extractor and then contacts with an extracting agent to be extracted;

desolventizing lignite: conveying the extracted lignite to a desolventizing machine, and desolventizing at 140-160 ℃; the removed extractant is sent to a circulating extractant heat exchanger for heating the circulating extractant;

cooling lignite: the desolventized lignite is sequentially sent to a rotary heat exchanger for heat exchange and a lignite cooler for heat exchange to be cooled and cooled to obtain dewaxed lignite;

heat exchange of extraction liquid: the extraction liquid from the extractor is sent to the rotary heat exchanger for heat exchange and lignite for heat exchange after pulverized coal is removed by a hydrocyclone and a microporous filter, the extraction liquid after heat exchange is partially gasified, liquid phase components in the extraction liquid are sent to a crystallizer, and gas phase components in the extraction liquid are sent to an extractant condenser;

crystallization and refining: the liquid phase component is sent to a crystalline wax filter to separate out a crude wax product and a filtrate after crystalline wax is separated out in the crystallizer, the crude wax product is sent to a wax steaming tank to be heated to steam out an extracting agent to obtain a montan wax product, and the extracting agent steamed out from the wax steaming tank is sent to the extracting agent condenser;

the extractant from the desolventizing machine is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger to heat the circulating extractant, and then is sent to the extractant condenser;

and the extractant in the extractant condenser is cooled into a liquid phase and then is sent to a water separation tank, the separated water is sent to a water treatment unit, and the separated extractant is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger to be heated and then is returned to the extractor for recycling.

Preferably, the filtrate separated by the filtering separator is sent to a solvent evaporator, heated to 155-165 ℃ to evaporate part of the extractant, the evaporated extractant is sent to the extractant condenser, the rest liquid phase component is sent to a resin concentration tank, and heated to 160-175 ℃ to evaporate the extractant in the resin to obtain a resin product.

Preferably, after adding a fresh extractant into the extractant separated from the water separation tank, sending the extractant to the circulating extractant heat exchanger, heating the extractant to 80-90 ℃, and then sending the extractant to the extractor for recycling.

According to the scheme, the hot lignite at the outlet of the desolventizing machine is used for heating the extraction liquid, so that the cooling water consumption in the cooling process of the hot lignite is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat energy consumption of the heating extraction liquid is also reduced; and the extraction agent steam removed by the desolventizer is used for heating the circulating extraction agent, so that the steam quantity required for heating the circulating extraction agent and the cooling water consumption required for cooling the extraction agent steam are reduced, the energy consumption required for extracting the montan wax is reduced, and the generation cost is reduced.

In order to improve the extraction rate of the montan wax and further reduce the energy consumption, the invention also improves the extractor involved in the montan wax extraction process, and provides a novel extractor which comprises:

a chamber;

the rotary bed body is arranged in the cavity and comprises an upper bed body and a lower bed body, the lower bed body is of a cylindrical structure, the upper bed body is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the upper bed body is connected with the top surface of the lower bed body, the area of the bottom surface of the upper bed body is larger than that of the top surface of the upper bed body, the rotary bed body is provided with a shaft hole, the upper bed body, the lower bed body and the shaft hole are coaxially arranged, and the outer edge of the rotary bed body is provided with an annular overflow weir;

the rotating shaft is of a tubular structure, a first end of the rotating shaft is arranged in the shaft hole, a second end of the rotating shaft extends out of the cavity and is connected with the driving device, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating bed body to horizontally rotate in the cavity under the driving of the driving device;

a guide plate disposed at the top of the chamber, the guide plate being configured to push lignite on the rotating bed to the axle hole when the rotating bed rotates;

the feeding hole is formed in the top of the chamber and used for injecting lignite to be extracted into the chamber and enabling the lignite to fall on the inner side of the overflow weir;

an extractant inlet for injecting extractant into the chamber; and

an extractant outlet for discharging extractant from the chamber;

the lignite enters the pipeline of the rotating shaft from the upper pipe orifice arranged at the first end under the pushing of the guide plate, and is discharged out of the chamber from the lower pipe orifice arranged at the second end.

Preferably, the shaft hole is used as a center, the rotating bed body between the overflow weir and the shaft hole is divided into n distribution rings, at least one guide plate is arranged above each distribution ring, and n is an integer greater than 2.

Preferably, in the horizontal direction, one end of the guide plate, which is far away from the shaft hole, is located on a vertical line where an outer circular ring of the cloth circular ring where the guide plate is located, and one end of the guide plate, which is close to the shaft hole, is located on a vertical line where an inner circular ring of the cloth circular ring where the guide plate is located.

Preferably, the distance between the guide plate and the rotating bed body is greater than or equal to 4 times of the maximum grain size diameter of the lignite.

Preferably, the extractor further comprises a material turning device, the material turning device is arranged at the top of the chamber, and the material turning device is used for turning the lignite on the rotating bed body.

Preferably, the tripper includes braced frame and a plurality of bar shaped plate, braced frame's one end with fix on the deflector, the other end is fixed on the inside wall of cavity, the one end of bar shaped plate is fixed braced frame is last, the other end of bar shaped plate to one side extension that the bed body place is rotated and be used for the stirring on the bed body is rotated to the brown coal, it is a plurality of the bar shaped plate is followed the radial distribution of rotating the bed body.

Preferably, the distance between the stirrer and the rotating bed is greater than or equal to 4 times of the maximum grain size diameter of the lignite.

Preferably, an included angle between a generatrix of the conical surface of the upper bed body and the bottom surface of the upper bed body is smaller than or equal to a repose angle of the lignite.

Preferably, the end of the first end of the rotating shaft extends to the upper part of the rotating bed body so that the horizontal height of the upper nozzle is higher than that of the top surface of the upper bed body.

Preferably, the extractor further comprises heating means for regulating the extraction temperature within the chamber.

Preferably, during the extraction process, the liquid level of the extractant is lower than the height of the upper pipe orifice of the first end, and the lignite to be extracted is completely soaked by the extractant when falling onto the rotating bed body.

Preferably, in the extraction process, the mass ratio of the extracting agent to the lignite is 1.5: 1-2.5: 1, the extraction temperature is 80-90 ℃, the extraction pressure is-0.1 kPaG, and the residence time of the lignite in the extractor is 0.5-1.5 h.

Compared with the existing extractor, the extractor provided by the invention has the advantages that after the material is fed, the lignite is completely immersed in the extractant, and compared with a contact mode of spraying the extractant on the lignite, the contact area with the extractant is larger, the contact is more uniform, and the extraction mass transfer is more sufficient. Through setting up the overflow plate, prevent that the brown coal landing from to in the extractor liquid phase, effectively reduce the interior solid content of extractant, reduce follow-up extractant filtering process treatment load. The liquid level of the extractant in the extractor is lower than the discharge hole at the first end of the rotating shaft of the bed body, the lignite can leave the liquid level of the extractant before entering the upper pipe orifice of the rotating shaft and enter a draining section, the carried extractant flows back to the extractant layer, solid-liquid separation is realized while the lignite finishes solid discharge after the bed body rotates, the amount of the extractant carried by the lignite entering the next procedure is reduced, and the energy consumption of subsequent treatment is reduced. The rotating shaft of the extractor bed body adopts a form integrating a rotating function and a discharging function, so that the rotating function and the solid discharging function of the rotating bed body are realized. The extractor has simple structure, the inner component material guide plate and the material turning device are fixed in the extractor, only the bed body rotates, the occupied area is small, and the fixed investment is small.

Compared with a drag chain type extraction process, the process of the horizontal rotation type self-discharging extractor has the advantages that the crushing and pulverization of the lignite are realized without the occlusion effect of the drag chain connecting part, the pulverized coal leaks into the extracting agent from the drag chain gap, and the crushing and pulverization degree of the lignite is greatly reduced in the extraction process, so that the load of a pulverized coal filtering unit of the extracting agent is reduced, the backwashing frequency of the pulverized coal filtering unit and the risk of equipment blockage are reduced, and the long-term effective operation of the device is ensured. The invention can realize that the coal dust carrying capacity of the extract liquid after exiting the extractor is less than 1 percent, the extraction rate of the montan wax is more than 80 percent, the extraction rate is higher than that of the traditional drag chain type extraction process (the extraction rate of the traditional drag chain type extraction process is 75 percent), the energy consumption of the process is reduced by 15 percent compared with that of the traditional drag chain type extraction process, and the production cost is reduced.

The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.

Drawings

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of non-limiting examples only and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a montan wax extraction process provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an extractor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating bed provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the extractor of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the guide plate and the material turning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view at I in fig. 5.

Description of reference numerals:

m1, an extractor; m2, desolventizing machine; m3, rotary heat exchanger; m4, lignite cooler; m5, hydrocyclone separator; m6, microporous filter; m7, solvent gas-liquid separator; m8, a crystallizer; m9, crystalline wax filter; m10, steaming a wax pot; m11, solvent evaporator; m12, resin concentration tank; m13, extractant condenser; m14, a water separation tank; m15, circulating extractant heat exchanger;

1a, a side of the housing; 1b, a top cover of the shell; 1c, the bottom surface of the housing;

2. a chamber;

3. rotating the bed body; 31. putting the bed body on the bed; 32. a lower bed body; 33. a shaft hole; 34. a first cloth ring; 35. a second cloth ring; 36. a third cloth ring; 311. the conical surface of the upper bed body;

4. a rotating shaft; 41. a first end; 42. a second end; 411. an upper pipe orifice; 421. a lower pipe orifice;

5. a guide plate; 51. a first guide plate; 52. a second guide plate; 53. a third guide plate;

6. a material turning device; 61. a strip plate; 62. a support frame; 621. an upper support rod; 622. a lower support bar;

7. an overflow weir;

8. a heat exchange jacket; 81. a steam inlet; 82. a steam outlet; 83. a condensate draining port;

9. a drive device;

10. supporting the bed body;

11. a shaft seal device;

12. the lower end of the extraction agent pipe orifice; 13. the upper end of the extraction agent pipe orifice; 14. a feed inlet; 15. an extractant discharge port is cleaned; 16. a slag discharge port; 17. an exhaust port;

A. the included angle between the generatrix of the conical surface of the upper bed body and the bottom surface of the upper bed body;

B. the strip-shaped plate and the supporting frame form an included angle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more complete, the following technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the specific embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the extraction process of montan wax comprises the following steps:

the lignite enters an extractor M1 to contact with an extracting agent for extraction, and the ratio (mass ratio) of the using amount of the extracting agent to the amount of the lignite is 1.5: 1-2.5: 1. The temperature in the extractor M1 is kept at 80-90 ℃, the residence time of the lignite in the extractor M1 is 0.5-1.5 h, and the extraction pressure is-0.1 kPaG. In order to improve the extraction rate of the montan wax, the water content of the lignite is 15-20% after drying, and the particle size range is 3-20 mm.

The extracted lignite is discharged from the extractor M1 and then enters a desolventizing machine M2, and the desolventizing machine M2 is heated to 140-160 ℃ by steam, so that an extracting agent carried in the extracted lignite is evaporated and recovered. The removed extractant is sent to a circulating extractant heat exchanger M15 for heating the circulating extractant; and conveying the desolventized lignite to a rotary heat exchanger M3 for heat exchange for heating filtered extraction liquid, wherein the temperature of the lignite discharged from the desolventizing machine M2 is 130-150 ℃.

The extract liquid is discharged from the extractor M1, the temperature of the extract liquid is 80-90 ℃, and then the extract liquid enters a hydrocyclone M5 to separate out the coal dust with larger particle size carried in the extract liquid, and then the extract liquid enters a microporous filter M6 to be filtered, so that the fine coal dust in the extract liquid is removed. After two-stage filtration, the content of coal powder in the extract is less than 0.1 percent.

The temperature of the filtered extraction liquid is 80-90 ℃, the extraction liquid exchanges heat with lignite at the outlet of a desolventizer M2 in a rotary heat exchanger M3, the temperature of the extraction liquid is increased to 115-125 ℃, and the temperature of hot lignite is reduced to 100-130 ℃; and the lignite discharged from the heat exchange of the rotary heat exchanger M3 enters a lignite cooler M4, is cooled to 60 ℃ by cooling water and is discharged out of the device, and the dewaxed lignite is obtained.

The extraction liquid is discharged from the rotary heat exchanger M3 and then is sent to a solvent gas-liquid separator M7, the extraction liquid after heat exchange of the hot lignite is partially gasified, the gas phase is steam formed by gasifying most of the extracting agent, and the steam is sent to an extracting agent condenser M13; the liquid phase components, namely the extractant, the extracted montan wax and the resin, are sent to a crystallizer M8.

Controlling the temperature in the crystallizer M8 to be 15-25 ℃, crystallizing and separating out the wax component in the crystallizer M8, and separating out a crude wax product and a filtrate through a crystalline wax filter M9. And (3) sending the crude wax product to a wax steaming tank M10, and heating to 140-160 ℃ to steam out the extractant in the crude wax liquid to obtain the montan wax product.

The filtrate separated by the crystallized wax filter M9 contains the extractant and the resin extracted from the lignite. And (3) sending the filtrate to a solvent evaporator M11, heating the filtrate to 155-165 ℃ to evaporate part of the extracting agent, sending the evaporated extracting agent to the extracting agent condenser M13, sending the rest liquid phase component to a resin concentration tank M12, heating to 160-175 ℃ to evaporate the extracting agent in the resin to obtain a resin product.

The extractant from the desolventizer M2 is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger M15 to heat the circulating extractant, and then sent to the extractant condenser M13.

The extraction agent steam generated in each link is sent to an extraction agent condenser M13, then is cooled to 30-50 ℃ and is changed into a liquid phase, and is sent to a water separation tank M14 to separate out the water in the extraction agent, the separated water is sent to a water treatment unit, the separated extraction agent is added with a fresh extraction agent to form a circulating extraction agent, and then is heated to 80-90 ℃ through a circulating extraction agent heat exchanger M15 and is sent to an extractor M1 for recycling.

Because the extractor applied in the existing lignite wax extraction process is a drag chain type extractor which adopts a multi-stage extractant spraying mode, a coal bed on a drag chain is contacted with the sprayed extractant, and the extractant flows through the coal bed and then enters an extractant collecting box. In the extraction process, the extraction time of the coal and the extractant is only the time for the extractant to flow through the coal bed, and the dipping process of the coal in the extractant is avoided, so that the contact time of each stage of coal and the extractant is short, and the extraction efficiency is low. If the extraction efficiency is to be improved, only a method of increasing the extraction stages is adopted, so that the structure of the extractor is complicated, and the occupied area of the whole treatment device is increased. In addition, the coal seam on the tow chain can cause the crushing and powdering of part coal cinder under the extrusion effect of tow chain junction in the tow chain removal in-process, and the coal seam also can cause the crushing and powdering of part coal cinder when falling to lower floor tow chain from upper tow chain. Under the scouring action of the spraying extractant, pulverized coal enters the extractant through drag chain gaps, and the increase of the content of the pulverized coal in the extractant causes the subsequent extraction liquid pulverized coal separation process to be complicated and the energy consumption of the production process to be increased.

Aiming at the defects of the existing extractor, the invention provides a novel extractor which can effectively solve the problems of multiple extraction stages, complex structure, high content of pulverized coal serving as an extraction agent after extraction and high energy consumption of the existing drag chain type extractor.

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a flat rotary extractor, which comprises a chamber 2, a rotary bed 3 disposed in the chamber 2, a rotary shaft 4, a guide plate 5, a feed inlet 14 communicated with the chamber 2, a lower extractant nozzle 12 and an upper extractant nozzle 13; wherein the rotating shaft 4 is of a tubular structure, and the rotating shaft 4 is not only used for driving the rotating bed body 3 to rotate, but also used for driving the extracted lignite to be discharged out of the channel of the chamber 2.

The chamber 2 is enclosed by the casing of the extractor, the lateral surface 1a of which is cylindrical, preferably with a high diameter ratio of less than 1. The top cover 1b of the shell is of a circular flat structure (in other embodiments, the top cover can also be of a conical structure), and the bottom surface 1c of the shell is of a conical surface, so that the residual materials in the extractor can be conveniently discharged. The extractor housing is stationary during operation.

The rotating bed body 3 is arranged in the chamber 2, as shown in fig. 3, the rotating bed body 3 comprises an upper bed body 31 and a lower bed body 32, the bottom surface of the upper bed body 31 is connected with the top surface of the lower bed body 32, the lower bed body 32 is of a cylindrical structure, the upper bed body 31 is of a circular truncated cone structure, the area of the bottom surface of the upper bed body 31 is larger than that of the top surface of the upper bed body 31, and lignite to be extracted is distributed on the conical surface 311 of the upper bed body in the extraction process. In order to prevent the lignite on the rotating bed body 3 from falling downwards in the treatment process, an included angle A between a generatrix of the conical surface of the upper bed body and the bottom surface of the upper bed body is smaller than or equal to the repose angle of the lignite. The rotating bed body 3 is provided with a circle of overflow weir 7 with a certain height, the overflow weir 7 surrounds the upper bed body 31, and the function of the overflow weir 7 is to prevent lignite on the rotating bed body 3 from sliding down from the edge of the rotating bed body 3 and entering the extractant, reduce the content of lignite in the extractant after extraction, and reduce the processing load of the subsequent extractant filtering process. The weir 7 is preferably arranged at the outermost edge of the rotating bed 3, which improves the utilization of the rotating bed 3. The rotating bed body 3 is further provided with a shaft hole 33 penetrating through the circular turntable and the truncated cone-shaped top, and the circular turntable, the truncated cone-shaped top and the shaft hole 33 are coaxially arranged, i.e. the shaft hole 33 is arranged on the central shaft of the rotating bed body 3.

The rotating shaft 4 is a tubular structure with a certain wall thickness, for example, the rotating shaft 4 can be a pipe with a wall thickness of 50mm, the rotating shaft 4 has a first end 41 and a second end 42, the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 is arranged in the shaft hole 33 and connected with the rotating bed body 3; the second end 42 of the rotating shaft 4 extends out of the chamber 2 and is connected with the driving device 9, and the rotating shaft 4 drives the rotating bed body 3 to horizontally rotate in the chamber 2 under the driving of the driving device 9; the transmission between the rotary shaft 4 and the drive 9 can be a gear transmission, a belt transmission, a chain transmission, a worm transmission or other transmission. The junction of the rotating shaft 4 and the casing is provided with a shaft seal device 11 for sealing the gap between the rotating shaft 4 and the casing to prevent the extractant in the extractor from leaking from the gap between the casing and the rotating shaft 4. In order to prevent the bed body from inclining in the rotating process, a bed body support 10 is arranged between the bottom of the circular turntable of the rotating bed body 3 and the rotating shaft 4 so as to strengthen the fixed connection between the rotating bed body 3 and the rotating shaft 4.

The rotating shaft 4 is also a channel for discharging the extracted lignite out of the chamber 2, the pipe opening formed at the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 is an upper pipe opening 411, the pipe opening formed at the second end 42 of the rotating shaft 4 is a lower pipe opening 421, and the extracted lignite enters the pipeline of the rotating shaft 4 from the upper pipe opening 411 formed at the first end 41 and is discharged out of the chamber 2 from the lower pipe opening 421 formed at the second end 42. The end of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 can extend above the rotating bed 3, or the end of the first end 41 can be arranged in the shaft hole 33 of the rotating bed 3. When the end part of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 extends to the upper part of the rotating bed body 3, the horizontal height of the upper pipe orifice 411 is higher than the horizontal height of the top surface of the upper bed body 31, so that the liquid level of an extractant in the extractor can be higher than the top surface of the upper bed body 31 and lower than the upper pipe orifice 411 of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 during extraction, thus the conical surface 311 of the upper bed body bearing lignite can be fully utilized, and the effective utilization area rate of the rotating bed body 3 is improved; the lignite can enter a draining section before being discharged out of the extractor, and the carried extractant flows back to the extractant layer, so that solid-liquid separation is realized, the content of the extractant in the lignite is reduced, and the energy consumption of subsequent treatment is reduced. When the end part of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 is arranged in the shaft hole 33, the horizontal height of the upper pipe opening 411 is lower than the horizontal height of the top surface of the upper bed body 31, so that the lignite can enter a draining section before being discharged out of the extractor, and the liquid level of an extractant in the extractor is lower than the top surface of the upper bed body 31 when extraction is needed, the conical surface 311 of the upper bed body bearing the lignite cannot be fully utilized, and the effective utilization area of the rotating bed body 3 is relatively reduced.

The top of cavity 2 is fixed with a plurality of deflectors 5, when rotating the bed body 3 and rotating, extractor and deflectors 5 are quiescent condition, when the brown coal changes deflector 5 department along with rotating the bed body 3, deflector 5 can change the position on rotating the bed body 3 of brown coal, promote the brown coal from the outer edge of rotating the bed body 3 to shaft hole 33, the brown coal piles up near shaft hole 33 gradually, after piling up the height and reaching the top nozzle 411 of axis of rotation 4, the brown coal under deflector 5's promotion, get into the pipeline in the axis of rotation 4 from top nozzle 411, then discharge by the lower nozzle 421 of axis of rotation 4.

The guide plate 5 has a plate-like structure with a curvature or a flat plate-like structure, and in the present embodiment, the guide plate 5 is preferably a steel plate with a certain curvature. The top end of the guide plate 5 is fixed with the top cover 1b of the shell, the bottom end of the guide plate 5 extends downwards to the upper part of the rotating bed body 3, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the guide plate 5 and the rotating bed body 3, preferably, the distance between the guide plate 5 and the rotating bed body 3 is larger than or equal to 4 times of the maximum grain size diameter of the lignite, so that the phenomenon of material blocking caused by bridging of the lignite between the lower end of the guide plate 5 and the rotating bed body 3 is prevented.

The conical surface of the rotating bed body 3 between the overflow weir 7 and the shaft hole 33 is divided into n (n >2) distribution rings by taking the shaft hole 33 as the center, at least one guide plate 5 is arranged above each distribution ring, and the guide plate 5 spans the outer ring and the inner ring of the distribution rings and even extends out of the outer ring and/or into the inner ring. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating bed 3 from the overflow weir 7 to the shaft hole 33 is divided into 3 distribution rings by taking the shaft hole 33 as the center, and a guide plate 5 is arranged above each distribution ring. In the horizontal direction, the one end of keeping away from shaft hole 33 with deflector 5 is called the distal end, the one end that is close to shaft hole 33 with deflector 5 is called the near-end, the distal end of deflector 5 is located on the perpendicular line at the outer ring place of the cloth ring at its place, the near-end of deflector 5 is located on the perpendicular line at the inner ring place of the cloth ring at its place, it can avoid rotating the thin or blank region of brown coal to appear on the bed body 3 to set up like this, be favorable to improving the efficient utilization area of rotating bed body 3. Of the two surfaces of the guide plates 5, the surface facing the rotating shaft 4 is referred to as the inner side surface of the guide plate 5, and the surface facing away from the rotating shaft 4 is referred to as the outer side surface of the guide plate 5, when the guide plates 5 are arranged, the inner side surfaces of the plurality of guide plates 5 should be all oriented in the counterclockwise direction or all oriented in the clockwise direction, so that all the guide plates 5 can push the lignite on the cloth ring toward the rotating shaft 4.

Due to the unique structural design of the rotary bed body 3 and the guide plates 5, the distribution position of the lignite on the bed body can be changed by the built-in guide plates 5, and as the bed body rotates, the lignite gradually approaches to the shaft hole 33 at the axial position in the bed body under the action of the guide plates 5 until the lignite enters the upper pipe opening 411 of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 (namely the top end of the rotating shaft 4), and the lignite is discharged out of the extractor from the lower pipe opening 421 through a pipeline in the rotating shaft 4. In the whole extraction process, only the rotating bed body 3 is needed to rotate, the lignite is conveyed to the highest position of the bed body from the lower edge of the conical surface 311 of the upper bed body of the rotating bed body 3, the extractor is discharged at last, and an extra discharging power mechanism is not needed in the whole discharging process, so that the structure of equipment is simplified, and the energy consumption is reduced.

The top of the chamber 2 is also provided with an upender 6 for turning the lignite on the rotating bed 3, the upender 6 extends along the radial direction of the rotating bed 3, one or more upenders 6 can be arranged, as shown in fig. 5, when a plurality of upenders 6 are arranged, the plurality of upenders 6 are distributed in a fan shape by taking the rotating shaft 4 as the center, and the area where the upenders 6 are arranged is the area outside the guide plate 5. The tripper 6 can be fixed to the top cover 1b of the housing or, as shown in fig. 2, the tripper 6 is fixed to the third guide plate 53 located on the innermost side, close to the bed axis of rotation 4, and the tripper 6 is fixed to the side of the extractor housing, far from the bed axis of rotation 4. The material turning device 6 consists of a supporting frame 62 and a plurality of strip-shaped plates 61 fixed on the supporting frame 62, and the plurality of strip-shaped plates 61 are distributed along the radial direction of the rotating bed body 3; the supporting frame comprises an upper supporting rod 621 and a lower supporting rod 622, one end of the strip-shaped plate 61 is fixed on the upper supporting rod 621 and the lower supporting rod 622, as shown in fig. 6, an included angle B between the strip-shaped plate and the supporting frame is 50-65 °. The other end of the strip-shaped plate 61 extends towards one side of the rotating bed body 3 and is used for turning the lignite on the rotating bed body 3, and the distance between the material turning device 6 and the rotating bed body 3 is more than or equal to 4 times of the maximum granularity diameter of the lignite, so that the phenomenon of material blocking caused by bridging of the lignite between the lower end of the material turning device 6 and the rotating bed body 3 is prevented. When the rotating bed body 3 rotates, the shell of the extractor and the material turning device 6 are in a static state, and the material turning device 6 turns the lignite on the rotating bed body 3, so that the contact between the solid-phase lignite and the liquid-phase extractant is more uniform, the extraction mass transfer effect is enhanced, and the extraction efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, of the two surfaces of the strip-shaped plate 61, the surface facing the rotating shaft 4 is referred to as the inner side surface of the strip-shaped plate 61, and the surface facing away from the rotating shaft 4 is referred to as the outer side surface of the strip-shaped plate 61, and when the strip-shaped plates 61 are arranged, the inner side surfaces of the plurality of strip-shaped plates 61 should be oriented in the counterclockwise direction or in the clockwise direction. Because the bed body material has a certain angle with the horizontal plane, if the material turning device turns the material in the direction opposite to the shaft hole, namely in the direction of the overflow weir, the material after turning can have a certain initial speed, so that the material rolls down along the gradient of the bed body and finally rolls to the position of the overflow weir of the bed body, and the smooth material discharge can not be realized. Therefore, the material turning device turns the material towards the direction of the shaft hole, namely turns the material upwards along the gradient of the bed body, prevents the material from rolling down towards the direction of the overflow weir of the bed body and ensures the normal material discharge of the material. In order to turn the lignite in the direction of the shaft hole 33 by the turning device 6 when the rotating bed body 3 rotates, the inner side surfaces of the strip-shaped plates 61 of the turning device 6 and the inner side surfaces of the guide plates 5 face the same direction, namely, both face in the counterclockwise direction or both face in the clockwise direction.

A feed inlet 14 is arranged at the top of the chamber 2 (e.g. on the top cover 1b of the housing), and the feed inlet 14 is used for injecting the lignite to be extracted into the chamber 2 and making the lignite fall on the conical surface of the rotating bed 3 inside the overflow weir 7.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the extractor is further provided with a lower end extractant nozzle 12 positioned at the lower part of the side surface of the shell and an upper end extractant nozzle 13 positioned at the upper part of the side surface of the shell. There are various ways in which the extractant can enter the extractor, for example: (a) the lower end extractant pipe orifice 12 is used as an extractant inlet, the upper end extractant pipe orifice 13 is used as an extractant outlet, and an extractant enters the chamber 2 from the lower end extractant pipe orifice 12 and is discharged out of the chamber 2 from the upper end extractant pipe orifice 13; (b) the upper end extractant pipe orifice 13 is used as an extractant inlet, the lower end extractant pipe orifice 12 is used as an extractant outlet, and the extractant enters the chamber 2 from the upper end extractant pipe orifice 13 and is discharged out of the chamber 2 from the lower end extractant pipe orifice 12. During operation, the liquid level of the extractant in the extractor is lower than the upper nozzle 411 at the end of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4 to prevent the extractant from flowing into the pipeline of the rotating shaft 4, so that the lignite is separated from the extractant in the extractor and then is discharged out of the extractor.

The bottom of the chamber 2 is provided with an extractant emptying port 15 and a slag discharge port 16, the extractant in the extractor chamber 2 can be completely discharged through the extractant emptying port 15, and the pulverized coal gathered at the bottom of the extractor chamber 2 can be discharged through the slag discharge port 16 to clean the extractor.

The top of the chamber 2 is also provided with an exhaust port 17, and the extractant vapor in the extractor is exhausted from the exhaust port 17 to the subsequent process.

A heating device (jacket heating or coil heating) is arranged outside the shell of the extractor to maintain the proper extraction temperature inside the extractor. The temperature and the flow of a jacket or a coil heat exchange medium can be adjusted by the extractor in the extraction process to reach the proper extraction temperature. In this embodiment, the heating device is a heat exchange jacket 8, the jacket is heated by steam, the steam enters the jacket through a steam inlet 81 and is discharged from the jacket through a steam outlet 82, and non-condensable liquid in the jacket is discharged from a condensate discharge port 83.

Taking the extraction of the lignite wax from the lignite as an example, the solid to be extracted is the lignite with the granularity of 3-50 mm, the repose angle of the lignite is 40 degrees, the included angle A between the generatrix of the conical surface of the upper bed body and the bottom surface of the upper bed body is designed to be 20 degrees, and the lignite is prevented from sliding down on the bed layer. The extractant enters the extractor from the lower end extractant pipe orifice 12, the wax-containing extractant extracted from the lignite is discharged from the extractor from the upper end extractant pipe orifice 13, and the liquid level of the extractant is kept lower than the upper pipe orifice 411 at the top end of the rotating shaft 4 in the operation process. Under the drive of the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft 4 drives the rotating bed body 3 to horizontally rotate, and the rotating direction of the rotating bed body 3 is determined by the installation direction of the guide plate 5. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the inner side surfaces of the guide plates 5 face clockwise, the rotating bed body 3 rotates counterclockwise, so that the guide plates 5 can push the lignite from the outer edge of the rotating bed body 3 to the shaft hole 33 at the central axis of the rotating bed body 3. Lignite enters the rotating bed body 3 on the inner side of the overflow weir 7 from the feeding hole 14 at the top of the extractor, then rotates along with the rotating bed body 3, rotates to the position of the first guide plate 51 on the outermost side, and is guided by the first guide plate 51, the position of a coal seam changes, and the coal seam is scraped into the adjacent second distribution ring 35 through the first distribution ring 34 on the outermost side of the rotating bed body 3; the coal seam in the second distribution ring 35 rotates to the position of the second guide plate 52 along with the rotating bed body 3, is guided by the second guide plate 52, and is scraped into the innermost third distribution ring 36; the coal bed in the third distribution ring 36 rotates to the innermost position of the third guide plate 53 along with the bed body, the coal bed is guided by the third guide plate 53 and is gradually scraped to the shaft hole 33 of the circle center of the rotating bed body 3 from the outer ring of the third distribution ring 36, under the pushing of the guide plate 5, the coal bed is gradually accumulated at the center as the accumulation height, and after reaching the upper pipe opening 411 of the rotating shaft 4, the coal bed enters the pipeline in the rotating shaft 4 from the upper pipe opening 411, and then is discharged from the lower pipe opening 421 of the rotating shaft 4, and finally the coal bed is discharged from the extractor, so that the lignite subjected to extraction dewaxing treatment is obtained.

The displacement track of the lignite in the extractor is that the lignite is conveyed from the side of an overflow weir 7 of the rotating bed body 3 to an upper pipe opening 411 of a rotating shaft 4 at the circle center of the rotating bed body 3, the lignite is conveyed from the lowest position of a conical surface at the top of the truncated cone of the rotating bed body 3 to the highest position at the top of the conical surface, and the lignite moves from bottom to top under the action of a guide plate 5 and is finally discharged out of the extractor.

After falling to the rotating bed body 3 from the feed inlet 14, the lignite is contacted with an extracting agent in the extractor for extraction, the material turning device 6 can turn over the coal bed in the rotating process, the similar stirring effect is achieved, the solid-liquid contact surface is changed, and the extraction effect is further enhanced. In the extraction process, the liquid level of the extractant in the extractor is always lower than the height of the upper pipe opening 411 of the first end 41 of the rotating shaft 4, the coal bed is lifted above the liquid level of the extractant before entering the upper pipe opening 411 at the top end of the rotating shaft 4, the extractant attached to the coal bed flows back to the liquid phase of the extractor under the action of gravity at the moment, and the coal bed enters a draining section, so that the carrying amount of the extractant when the coal bed is discharged out of the extractor can be effectively reduced. The extraction time of the lignite and the extractant is controlled by the rotating bed body 3, the extraction time is short when the rotating speed is high, and the extraction time is long when the rotating speed is low. The extracted extractant exits the extractor through the upper extractant tube port 13. The ratio (mass ratio) of the amount of the extractant to the amount of the lignite is 1.5: 1-2.5: 1, the temperature in the extractor is kept at 80-90 ℃, the residence time of the lignite in the extractor is 0.5-1.5 h, and the extraction pressure is-0.1 kPaG.

During the operation of the device, a small amount of coal dust enters the bottom of the extractor and can be discharged periodically from the slag discharge port 16. When the extractor stops operating, the extractant in the extractor can be discharged completely through the extractant discharging port 15, and the coal dust gathered at the bottom in the extractor is cleaned through the slag discharging port 16.

According to the extractor disclosed by the invention, after the material is fed, the lignite is completely immersed in the extracting agent, and compared with a contact mode of spraying the extracting agent on the lignite, the contact area with the extracting agent is larger, the contact is more uniform, and the mass transfer of the extracting agent is more sufficient. The extractor has simple structure, the inner component material guide plate 5 and the material turning device 6 are fixed in the extractor, only the bed body rotates, and the fixed investment is small. The extractor bed body rotating shaft 4 adopts a form integrating a rotating function and a discharging function, and the rotating function and the solid discharging function of the rotating bed body 3 are realized on the premise that a pipeline reaches a certain wall thickness and a wear-resistant lining meets the requirements of rotating strength and rigidity.

The extractor can be used by connecting a plurality of extractors in series, thereby achieving higher extraction efficiency.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the water content of the dried lignite is 15%, and the particle size range of the dried lignite is 3-20 mm. The lignite enters an extractor M1 to contact with an extracting agent for extraction, and the ratio (mass ratio) of the using amount of the extracting agent to the amount of the lignite is 2: 1. The temperature in the extractor M1 was kept at 85 ℃, the residence time of the lignite in the extractor M1 was 1h, and the extraction pressure was-0.1 kPaG.

In order to improve the extraction rate of the montan wax,

the extracted lignite is discharged from the extractor M1 and enters a desolventizer M2, and the desolventizer M2 is heated to 150 ℃ by steam, so that an extracting agent carried in the extracted lignite is evaporated and recovered. The removed extractant is sent to a circulating extractant heat exchanger M15 for heating the circulating extractant; the desolventized lignite is sent to a rotary heat exchanger M3 for heat exchange to be used for heating a circulating extractant, and the temperature of the lignite discharged from the desolventizing machine M2 is 150 ℃.

The extract liquid is discharged from the extractor M1, the temperature of the extract liquid is 85 ℃, and then the extract liquid enters a hydrocyclone M5 to separate out the coal dust with larger granularity carried in the extract liquid, and then the extract liquid enters a microporous filter M6 for filtering, so as to remove the finer coal dust in the extract liquid. After two-stage filtration, the content of coal powder in the extract is less than 0.1 percent.

The temperature of the filtered extraction liquid is 85 ℃, the extraction liquid exchanges heat with lignite at the outlet of the desolventizer M2 in a rotary heat exchanger M3, the temperature of the extraction liquid is increased to 115 ℃, and the temperature of hot lignite is reduced to 105 ℃; and the lignite discharged from the heat exchange of the rotary heat exchanger M3 enters a lignite cooler M4, is cooled to 60 ℃ by cooling water and is discharged out of the device, and the dewaxed lignite is obtained.

The extraction liquid is discharged from the rotary heat exchanger M3 and then is sent to a solvent gas-liquid separator M7, the extraction liquid after heat exchange of the hot lignite is partially gasified, the gas phase is steam formed by gasifying most of the extracting agent, and the steam is sent to an extracting agent condenser M13; the liquid phase components, namely the extractant, the extracted montan wax and the resin, are sent to a crystallizer M8.

The temperature in the crystallizer M8 is controlled at 25 deg.C, the wax component is crystallized and separated out in the crystallizer M8, and the crude wax product and filtrate are separated out by the crystallization wax filter M9. And (3) sending the crude wax product to a wax steaming tank M10, and heating at 140 ℃ to steam out the extractant in the crude wax liquid to obtain the montan wax product.

The filtrate separated by the crystallized wax filter M9 contains the extractant and the resin extracted from the lignite. And (3) sending the filtrate to a solvent evaporator M11, heating the filtrate to 155 ℃ to distill off part of the extractant, sending the distilled extractant to the extractant condenser M13, sending the rest liquid phase component to a resin concentration tank M12, and heating to 160 ℃ to distill off the extractant in the resin to obtain a resin product.

The extractant from the desolventizer M2 is sent to the circulating extractant heat exchanger M15 to heat the circulating extractant, and then sent to the extractant condenser M13.

The extractant vapor generated in each link is sent to an extractant condenser M13, then cooled to 40 ℃ to be changed into liquid phase, sent to a water separation tank M14 to separate the moisture in the extractant, the separated moisture is sent to a water treatment unit, the separated extractant is added with fresh extractant to form a circulating extractant, and then the circulating extractant is heated by a circulating extractant heat exchanger M15 to 85 ℃ and then sent to an extractor M1 for recycling.

In this example, the extraction liquid exits the extractor M1 with a coal fines carrying capacity of < 1% and a montan wax extraction rate of > 80%.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments and examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or examples may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments or examples of the present invention.