阅读说明：本技术 一种混合柴油稀土添加剂及其制备方法 (Rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil and preparation method thereof ) 是由 蔡志豪 郭军武 于 2020-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于燃油添加剂领域,具体公开了一种混合柴油稀土添加剂,包括如下重量配比的各组分：氢氧化铈3％～6％、氢氧化镧3％～6％、纳米氧化铈0.6％和高碱值烷基水杨酸钙0.4％,所述添加剂用于添加至90％的基础油中混合。本发明提供的混合柴油稀土添加剂,利用氢氧化铈、氢氧化镧、纳米氧化铈、高碱值烷基水杨酸钙与基础油混合,使得燃油的热稳定性与化学性能优越,具有更强的储氧和释氧能力,成本低、制备方便、易于保存。(The invention belongs to the field of fuel additives, and particularly discloses a rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6% of cerium hydroxide, 3-6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate, wherein the additive is used for being added into 90% of base oil and mixed. The mixed diesel rare earth additive provided by the invention utilizes the cerium hydroxide, the lanthanum hydroxide, the nano cerium oxide and the high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate to be mixed with the base oil, so that the fuel oil has excellent thermal stability and chemical performance, has stronger oxygen storage and release capacities, is low in cost, convenient to prepare and easy to store.)

1. The rare earth additive for the mixed diesel oil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-6% of cerium hydroxide, 3-6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate, wherein the additive is used for being added into 90% of base oil and mixed.

2. The rare earth additive for hybrid diesel fuel of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of each component is as follows: 6% of cerium hydroxide, 3% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

3. The rare earth additive for hybrid diesel fuel of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of each component is as follows: 4.5% of cerium hydroxide, 4.5% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

4. The rare earth additive for hybrid diesel fuel of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of each component is as follows: 3% of cerium hydroxide, 6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

5. A method for preparing a rare earth additive for hybrid diesel oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

s1: synthesis of cerium hydroxide:

s11: adding a certain amount of cerium acetate solution into a beaker, adding distilled water to control the concentration, heating the beaker in a water bath to a certain temperature, and then turning on a stirrer for stirring;

s12: firstly, dropwise adding a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution into a beaker, and immediately turning the solution in the beaker into a brownish red color; slowly dropwise adding a quantitative mixed assistant to generate a brown yellow precipitate;

s13: heating to boil, slowly dripping a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution, boiling for 20min after dripping, and generating a bright yellow cerium hydroxide precipitate;

s14: carrying out suction filtration on the obtained solution while the solution is hot, concentrating and crystallizing the filtrate to obtain sodium acetate solid, removing impurities, and drying at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain cerium hydroxide;

s2: synthesis of lanthanum hydroxide:

s21: taking a certain amount of La (NO)₃)₃Adding a proper amount of dispersant into the solution, and dropwise adding ammonia water while electromagnetically stirring to adjust the pH value to 7.0-8.0, so as to generate colloidal rare earth hydroxide precipitate;

s22: stirring for 2h at 80-90 deg.C, standing overnight, and filtering to obtain colloidal precipitate;

s23: washing the colloidal precipitate with distilled water for 2 times, then washing with ethanol for 2 times, and then drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain lanthanum hydroxide;

s3: preparing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing the prepared cerium hydroxide and lanthanum hydroxide with nano cerium oxide and high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate according to different proportions to obtain the fuel additive for mixing with base oil.

6. The method for preparing the rare earth additive for the hybrid diesel oil according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S12, the mixing assistant is a mixed solution of 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution and 3.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution.

7. Root of herbaceous plantThe method for preparing the rare earth additive for the mixed diesel oil according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S14, the specific operations of removing impurities are: washing the sodium acetate solid with 2% ammonium nitrate solution and distilled water successively to remove Na⁺、Ac^-Impurities.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fuel additives, in particular to a rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Since the 70 s, a great deal of intensive research has been carried out on diesel additives at home and abroad. The fuel oil additive has various varieties. The fuel additive becomes one of the research hotspots in the field of energy conservation and emission reduction of diesel engines due to the advantages of no need of changing diesel oil and internal structure, convenient manufacture, more selectable types and the like. However, there is less interest in the development of rare earth diesel additives.

The rare earth reserves of China are large and various, the cost of raw materials required for preparing the rare earth diesel additive is low, the extraction technology is mature, and the resource advantages are huge; compared with other metal-based additives, the metal-based additive has better thermal stability and chemical properties, and is widely used for catalytic materials; the rare earth metal has excellent oxidation-reduction performance, and can be used as a modified catalytic assistant of other metals, particularly noble metals, so that the cost is further reduced.

The rare earth element has a 4f outer electronic layer structure and is rich, and the oxygen storage and release capacity of the oxide of the rare earth metal is excellent, so that the use of the oxide of the rare earth metal has an obvious optimization effect on the combustion process of the diesel engine, and further reduces the emission of harmful substances. The more common rare earth metal-based additive is a rare earth complex composed of lanthanum-based and cerium-based or an inorganic compound thereof.

The requirement for the emission of ships is increasingly strict internationally, so that the emission problem of diesel engines serving as main power sources of ships becomes more severe, and therefore, the research and development of an efficient and safe diesel emission reduction additive has important value and significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6% of cerium hydroxide, 3-6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate, wherein the additive is used for being added into 90% of base oil and mixed.

Preferably, the rare earth additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of cerium hydroxide, 3% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

Preferably, the rare earth additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.5% of cerium hydroxide, 4.5% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

Preferably, the rare earth additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3% of cerium hydroxide, 6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the rare earth additive for the mixed diesel oil, which comprises the following specific steps:

s1: synthesis of cerium hydroxide:

s11: adding a certain amount of cerium acetate solution into a beaker, adding distilled water to control the concentration, heating the beaker in a water bath to a certain temperature, and then turning on a stirrer for stirring;

s12: firstly, dropwise adding a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution into a beaker, and immediately turning the solution in the beaker into a brownish red color; slowly dropwise adding a quantitative mixed assistant to generate a brown yellow precipitate;

s13: heating to boil, slowly dripping a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution, boiling for 20min after dripping, and generating a bright yellow cerium hydroxide precipitate;

s14: carrying out suction filtration on the obtained solution while the solution is hot, concentrating and crystallizing the filtrate to obtain sodium acetate solid, removing impurities, and drying at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain cerium hydroxide;

s2: synthesis of lanthanum hydroxide:

s21: taking a certain amount of La (NO)₃)₃Adding a proper amount of dispersant into the solution, and dropwise adding ammonia water while electromagnetically stirring to adjust the pH value to 7.0-8.0, so as to generate colloidal rare earth hydroxide precipitate;

s22: stirring for 2h at 80-90 deg.C, standing overnight, and filtering to obtain colloidal precipitate;

s23: washing the colloidal precipitate with distilled water for 2 times, then washing with ethanol for 2 times, and then drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain lanthanum hydroxide;

s3: preparing raw materials in proportion, mixing the prepared cerium hydroxide and lanthanum hydroxide with nano cerium oxide and high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate in different proportions to serve as fuel additives for mixing with base oil

Preferably, in step S12, the mixing aid is a mixed solution of 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution and 3.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution.

Preferably, in step S14, the removing impuritiesThe specific operation is as follows: washing the sodium acetate solid with 2% ammonium nitrate solution and distilled water successively to remove Na⁺、Ac^-Impurities.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the mixed diesel rare earth additive provided by the invention utilizes the cerium hydroxide, the lanthanum hydroxide, the nano cerium oxide and the high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate to be mixed with the base oil, so that the fuel oil has excellent thermal stability and chemical performance, has stronger oxygen storage and release capacities, is low in cost, convenient to prepare and easy to store.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a rare earth additive for mixed diesel oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6% of cerium hydroxide, 3-6% of lanthanum hydroxide, 0.6% of nano cerium oxide and 0.4% of high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate, wherein the additive is used for being added into 90% of base oil and mixed.

Example 1: the additives have different ratios, as shown in the following table:

example 2: the invention also provides a preparation method of the rare earth additive for the mixed diesel oil, which comprises the following specific steps:

s1: synthesis of cerium hydroxide:

s11: adding a certain amount of cerium acetate solution into a beaker, adding distilled water to control the concentration, heating the beaker in a water bath to a certain temperature, and then turning on a stirrer for stirring;

s12: firstly, dropwise adding a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution into a beaker, and immediately turning the solution in the beaker into a brownish red color; slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution and 3.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to generate a brown yellow precipitate;

s13: after heating and boiling, slowly dropwise adding a quantitative 1.0mol/L hydrogen peroxide solution, boiling for 20min after dropwise adding, generating bright yellow cerium hydroxide precipitate, wherein the precipitate is large in particles, phase separation is very quick, and a water phase is clear;

s14: filtering the solution while the solution is hot, concentrating and crystallizing the filtrate to obtain sodium acetate solid, and washing with 2% ammonium nitrate solution and distilled water successively to remove Na⁺、Ac^-Drying the impurities at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain cerium hydroxide;

s2: synthesis of lanthanum hydroxide:

s21: taking a certain amount of La (NO)₃)₃Adding a proper amount of dispersant into the solution, and dropwise adding ammonia water while electromagnetically stirring to adjust the pH value to 7.0-8.0, so as to generate colloidal rare earth hydroxide precipitate;

s22: stirring for 2h at 80-90 deg.C, standing overnight, and filtering to obtain colloidal precipitate;

s23: washing the colloidal precipitate with distilled water for 2 times, then washing with ethanol for 2 times, and then drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain lanthanum hydroxide;

s3: preparing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing the prepared cerium hydroxide and lanthanum hydroxide with nano cerium oxide and high-base-number calcium alkyl salicylate according to different proportions to obtain the fuel additive for mixing with base oil.

Example 3: the emission reduction effect of the rare earth additive prepared by the invention after being mixed with fuel oil is tested by a diesel engine bench test.

Test equipment: model 4135 diesel engine manufactured by Shanghai Diesel engine GmbH, cylinder diameter 135mm, stroke 150mm, compression ratio 17, natural suction, and cumulative operating time 1300 h.

Laboratory test conditions: room temperature 22 ℃ and relative humidity 60%.

The results are shown in the following table:

wherein, the serial numbers 1, 2 and 3 are respectively fuel oil prepared by mixing the additive prepared according to the proportion of the mixture ratio 1, the mixture ratio 2 and the mixture ratio 3 in the embodiment 1 with the base oil, and the serial number 4 is fuel oil without the additive;

as can be seen from the above table, the fuel oil using the additive has significantly reduced emission of harmful substances, excellent thermal stability and chemical properties, and stronger oxygen storage and release capabilities.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.