阅读说明：本技术 抛光剂、铝材及其抛光处理方法 (Polishing agent, aluminum material and polishing treatment method thereof ) 是由 王饶玲 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种抛光剂、铝材及其抛光处理方法。抛光剂用于铝材表面预处理,以100重量份计,包括如下重量份数的成分：3-10份铬酐,0.005-0.02份硫酸铜,5-10份硫酸,20-50磷酸,5-12份磷酸铝,0.5-3份硫酸银和余量水。经过上述抛光剂处理后,铝材表面清洁光亮,而且整个抛光处理方法工艺设备简单、可处理形状复杂的工件,操作方便,无有害气体溢出。而且上述抛光剂原料易得,制造成本低,使用成本低。(The invention relates to a polishing agent, an aluminum material and a polishing treatment method thereof. The polishing agent is used for surface pretreatment of the aluminum material and comprises the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight: 3-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 5-10 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-50 parts of phosphoric acid, 5-12 parts of aluminum phosphate, 0.5-3 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water. After the polishing agent is used for treating, the surface of the aluminum material is clean and bright, and the whole polishing treatment method has the advantages of simple process equipment, capability of treating workpieces with complex shapes, convenience in operation and no harmful gas overflow. And the polishing agent has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low manufacturing cost and low use cost.)

1. The polishing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight: 3-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 5-10 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-50 parts of phosphoric acid, 5-12 parts of aluminum phosphate, 0.5-3 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

2. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the chromic anhydride is present in an amount of 5 to 8 parts by weight.

3. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the copper sulfate is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.02 parts by weight.

4. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the sulfuric acid is present in an amount of 6 to 8 parts by weight.

5. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the phosphoric acid is present in an amount of 30 to 50 parts by weight.

6. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the aluminum phosphate is present in an amount of 6 to 10 parts by weight.

7. The polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the silver sulfate is present in an amount of from 1 to 2 parts by weight.

8. An aluminum material polishing treatment method comprises the following steps: formulating a polishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and immersing the aluminum material into a polishing agent solution, performing treatment at preset time and temperature, washing the aluminum material with water, and entering the next procedure.

9. The aluminum material polishing treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after polishing for a predetermined time of 0.5 to 3 minutes at a predetermined temperature of 60 to 100 ℃, passivating again and then washing with water and drying.

10. An aluminum material characterized in that the surface of the aluminum material is polished by the aluminum material polishing treatment method as set forth in claim 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of iron surface treatment, in particular to a polishing agent, an aluminum material and a polishing treatment method thereof.

Background

In order to improve the surface properties or appearance of the product, the surface of the workpiece is usually treated. For example, surface treatment processes for stainless steel, zinc alloys, aluminum, and the like, and alloys thereof, are in great popularity. Furthermore, most workpieces are also subjected to a pretreatment, such as cleaning, desmutting, or degreasing, prior to surface treatment, and some metal workpieces are also subjected to a polishing treatment.

In general, in the mechanical processing and electronic and electrical industries, the cleaning and polishing treatment, i.e., polishing treatment, of aluminum and its alloys is common. Conventional polishing agents typically employ mechanical polishing or triacid polishing, wherein mechanical polishing is poor for complex workpiece geometries and is prone to cracking and scratching. The triacid in the triacid polishing, namely concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated phosphoric acid, reacts violently under the high-temperature condition, gas is volatilized greatly, and a large amount of NO can be generated_XGas is unsafe, has great harm to the environment and large energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for polishing an aluminum material and an aluminum material obtained by polishing the aluminum material, which have a better physical appearance, higher mechanical properties, better corrosion resistance, easy cleaning, special effects, no odor, and low energy consumption.

The polishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight: 3-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 5-10 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-50 parts of phosphoric acid, 5-12 parts of aluminum phosphate, 0.5-3 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

An aluminum material polishing treatment method comprises the following steps: formulating a polishing agent as described above; and immersing the aluminum material into a polishing agent solution, and washing the aluminum material with water after the aluminum material is treated at preset time and temperature.

And an aluminum material, the surface of which is polished by the aluminum material polishing treatment method as described above.

In the polishing agent, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid are adopted to prepare polishing solution of dilute acid solution series, and concentrated acid is not used, so that the polishing agent also has good polishing effect. After being treated by the polishing agent, the aluminum material has high surface light reflectivity and no defects of pitting corrosion, spots, white mist and the like, and the whole polishing treatment method has the advantages of simple process, no odor, convenient operation and low use cost.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides a polishing agent for aluminum material surface pretreatment, which comprises the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight: 3-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 5-10 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-50 parts of phosphoric acid, 5-12 parts of aluminum phosphate, 0.5-3 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

Specifically, the weight part of the chromic anhydride is preferably 5 to 8 parts. The weight portion of the copper sulfate is preferably 0.01-0.02 part, the weight portion of the sulfuric acid is preferably 6-8 parts, and the weight portion of the phosphoric acid is preferably 30-50 parts. The aluminum phosphate is preferably 6-10 parts by weight, and the silver sulfate is preferably 1-2 parts by weight. In the raw materials of the acid, sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, and phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid solution with the mass percent of 85%. Although the raw materials of the various acids are concentrated acid solutions, the raw materials become dilute acids after being prepared into polishing solutions.

In the chemical etching process, the microscopic projections on the metal surface are in solution and the dissolution rate is much greater than that of the microscopic depressions, resulting in a gradually leveled and smooth, shiny surface. The proportion of each component is controlled to be balanced, so that a better polishing effect is achieved. The sulfuric acid and the phosphoric acid remove oxide skins and enable the surface of the aluminum to react quickly, the chromic anhydride increases the oxidability so as to accelerate the reaction, the aluminum phosphate increases the viscosity of the solution, the diffusion speed of the aluminum phosphate at the microcosmic convex part of the workpiece is much faster than that of the microcosmic concave part, and therefore the reaction speed of the microcosmic concave part is reduced and the effect of leveling the surface is achieved. Silver sulfate can effectively avoid difficult reaction due to excessive aluminum phosphate. Copper sulfate can improve the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an aluminum material polishing treatment method, which comprises the following steps: formulating a polishing agent as described above; and immersing the aluminum material into a polishing agent solution, washing the aluminum material with water after a preset time, and drying.

Specifically, the predetermined time is 0.5 to 3 minutes. Further, after polishing, passivation or oxidation is performed, and then washing and drying are performed. During polishing treatment, the temperature is controlled at 60-100 ℃. Furthermore, pretreatment such as degreasing, degreasing and descaling is performed before polishing.

The embodiment of the invention also provides the aluminum material, which is polished by the aluminum material polishing method to form a clean and bright surface on the aluminum material. After the polishing agent is used for treating, the surface of the aluminum material is clean, the light reflectivity is high, and the whole polishing treatment method is simple in process, convenient to operate and low in use cost.

Specifically, the following examples are given in the following examples of Al-Mg alloys with 99.99 mass% aluminum, since the composition of aluminum alloys greatly affects the surface brightness after chemical polishing, and generally, the higher the purity of aluminum, the better the polishing brightness

Example 1

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 100 parts by weight): 3 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.005 part of copper sulfate, 5 parts of sulfuric acid, 20 parts of phosphoric acid, 5 parts of aluminum phosphate, 0.5 part of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing a polishing agent; the aluminum material is degreased and descaled in advance, then washed, and then the workpiece with clean surface is immersed into polishing agent solution at 85 ℃ for 3 minutes, and then washed and dried.

After the polishing agent solution is used for processing, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no abnormity such as spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and the like. The specular reflectivity is more than 40%.

Example 2

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 100 parts by weight): 5 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.01 part of copper sulfate, 7 parts of sulfuric acid, 30 parts of phosphoric acid, 7 parts of aluminum phosphate, 1 part of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing a polishing agent; the aluminum material is degreased and descaled in advance, then washed, and then the workpiece with clean surface is immersed into polishing agent solution at 85 ℃ for 2 minutes, and then washed and dried.

After the polishing agent solution is used for processing, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no abnormity such as spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and the like. The specular reflectivity is more than 50%.

Example 3

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 100 parts by weight): 8 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.015 part of copper sulfate, 8 parts of sulfuric acid, 40 parts of phosphoric acid, 10 parts of aluminum phosphate, 2 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing a polishing agent; the aluminum material is degreased and descaled in advance, then washed, and then the workpiece with clean surface is immersed into polishing agent solution at 85 ℃ for 1.5 minutes, and then washed and dried.

After the polishing agent solution is used for processing, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no abnormity such as spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and the like. The specular reflectivity is more than 60%.

Example 4

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 100 parts by weight): 10 parts of chromic anhydride, 0.02 part of copper sulfate, 10 parts of sulfuric acid, 50 parts of phosphoric acid, 12 parts of aluminum phosphate, 3 parts of silver sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing a polishing agent; the aluminum material is degreased and descaled in advance, then washed, and then the workpiece with clean surface is immersed into polishing agent solution at 85 ℃ for 1 minute, and then washed and dried.

After the polishing agent solution is used for processing, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no abnormity such as spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and the like. The specular reflectivity is more than 80%.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention as claimed.