阅读说明：本技术 发动机的气门驱动装置及发动机 (Valve drive device for engine and engine ) 是由 姬腾飞 于 2021-02-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：发动机的气门驱动装置,在从凸轮轴到气门的传动链中设有滑块,所述滑块与控制装置连接,所述滑块可在控制装置的驱动下滑动,从气门驱动装置的传动链中退出,切断传动,也可以重新进入到气门驱动装置的传动链中并恢复传动,从而实现发动机CDA(停缸)功能,并且当设置两个滑块时,可以实现两种不同的气门升程切换以及CDA。通过在所述滑块以及与滑块连接的部件上设置特别的楔形面结构,使该装置在气门打开时滑块无法退出,从而避免了传动链被突然切断时导致的气门突然落座以及零部件的冲击及损坏,并且在传动链部分恢复时滑块可以自动切入到传动链,从而避免了传动链未能完全恢复导致的卡滞及零件损坏,极大地保证了该装置工作的可靠性。(The valve driving device of the engine is provided with a slide block in a transmission chain from a camshaft to a valve, the slide block is connected with a control device, the slide block can slide under the driving of the control device, exits from the transmission chain of the valve driving device, cuts off the transmission, and can enter into the transmission chain of the valve driving device again and recover the transmission, thereby realizing the CDA (cylinder deactivation) function of the engine, and when two slide blocks are arranged, two different valve lift switching and CDA can be realized. The special wedge-shaped surface structures are arranged on the sliding block and the part connected with the sliding block, so that the sliding block cannot exit when the valve is opened, the valve is prevented from being suddenly seated and the parts are prevented from being impacted and damaged when the transmission chain is suddenly cut off, the sliding block can be automatically cut into the transmission chain when the transmission chain is partially restored, the clamping stagnation and the part damage caused by the fact that the transmission chain is not completely restored are avoided, and the working reliability of the device is greatly guaranteed.)

1. An engine valve drive device, characterized in that: the valve driving device of the engine is provided with a slide block, a lower tappet and an upper tappet, wherein the slide block is arranged in a transmission chain from a camshaft to a valve, the lower tappet is connected with the bottom surface of the slide block and is used for driving the slide block, the upper tappet is connected with the top surface of the slide block and is driven by the slide block, the valve driving device of the engine is also provided with a control device, the control device is connected with the slide block, the slide block can slide under the driving of the control device and is withdrawn from the transmission chain of the valve driving device so as to cut off the transmission, and the slide block can also slide under the driving of the control device and reenters the transmission chain of the valve driving device so as to restore the transmission.

2. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the top surface of the sliding block is a wedge-shaped surface, the shape of the bottom surface of the upper tappet is a wedge-shaped surface matched with the top surface of the sliding block, the angle of the wedge-shaped surface enables the sliding block and a part driven by the sliding block to have locking performance, when the sliding block is located in a transmission chain and is driven by the transmission chain, the sliding block cannot be withdrawn from the transmission chain under the action of the acting force of the control device on the sliding block, and when the sliding block partially enters the transmission chain, the sliding block is automatically cut into the transmission chain under the action of the wedge-shaped surface and the driving force of the transmission chain.

3. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control device comprises a plunger cavity and a driving plunger, a rod part at one end of the driving plunger is connected with the sliding block and can drive the sliding block to slide back and forth, a guide structure is arranged at the part of the sliding block connected with the driving plunger and limits the sliding block to move only in the motion direction of the transmission chain relative to the driving plunger and not to move or rotate in other directions, and the control device further comprises a return spring.

4. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control device comprises a driving plunger, the slide block is provided with a guide structure at the connecting position of the slide block and the driving plunger of the control device, the guide structure can meet the requirements that the slide block can move in the direction of a transmission chain and can be driven by the driving plunger to slide back and forth, meanwhile, the guide structure is arranged between the bottom of the slide block and the lower tappet and limits the slide block to slide back and forth relative to the lower tappet only in the direction driven by the driving plunger of the control device but not in other directions.

5. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control device is characterized in that an inlet is formed in a plunger cavity of the control device and is connected to a driving medium through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline to control the pipeline to be switched on and off, the control device is driven by compressed air or hydraulic power, and the driving medium is compressed air of a vehicle or lubricating oil of an engine.

6. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shape of the wedge-shaped surface matched with the slide block and the part connected with the slide block is set to be a V-shaped inclined surface or a circular arc surface.

7. A valve-driving apparatus of an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sliding block is arranged on one side of a camshaft or one side of a valve in a transmission chain of the valve driving device.

8. An engine valve drive device, characterized in that: two cams are arranged on a cam shaft in a valve driving device of the engine, the two cams are used for driving the same rocker arm or valve and are provided with two lower tappets and one upper tappet, the two cams respectively drive one lower tappet through a transmission chain, a sliding block is respectively arranged corresponding to each lower tappet, the lower tappets are connected with the sliding blocks and drive the sliding blocks, the top surfaces of the sliding blocks are arranged into V-shaped wedge surfaces, the lower end of the upper tappet is provided with a beam structure, the bottom of the beam structure is provided with a wedge surface matched with the sliding blocks, each sliding block is respectively connected with a control device, each sliding block can be connected with the beam structure at the lower end of the upper tappet and drive the upper tappet under the drive of the control device, so that a transmission chain can be formed from any cam to the valve, and one sliding block is positioned in the transmission chain under the action of the control device, or all exit the drive chain.

9. An engine, characterized in that: the engine having a valve-driving apparatus of the engine according to any one of the preceding claims.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a valve driving device of an engine and the engine, and belongs to the technical field of engines.

Background

The CDA (cylinder deactivation) technology of an engine has long appeared, which can stop the operation of a part of cylinders, thereby significantly reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle at the time of low load operation, and can increase the exhaust temperature, improve the aftertreatment conversion efficiency, and reduce the emission. The key point of the CDA technology is to stop the movement of a valve so as to stop the work of the cylinder, so as to reduce the oil consumption, but the CDA technology is mainly applied to the field of light engines such as passenger vehicles and the like at present. In the known CDA technology, stopping the valve motion is mainly achieved by cutting off a transmission chain of the valve drive, and it is common in passenger car engines to achieve cylinder deactivation by providing a pin having a transmission cutting function on a tappet or a rocker arm, but for heavy engines, because of high valve drive load, if the valve drive is cut off suddenly under an uncontrollable condition, the valve may be seated suddenly in an uncontrolled state, which may cause impact and damage of a valve drive component, and at the same time, when the valve drive is restored, if the action of a component performing the restoration cannot be controlled quickly and accurately, the transmission chain may not be restored completely, which may cause jamming or damage of the component, which is a main reason why the current CDA technology cannot be widely applied to heavy engines.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a valve driving device of an engine.

The valve driving device of the engine is provided with a slide block, a lower tappet and an upper tappet, wherein the slide block is arranged in a transmission chain from a camshaft to a valve, the lower tappet is connected with the bottom surface of the slide block and is used for driving the slide block, the upper tappet is connected with the top surface of the slide block and is driven by the slide block, the valve driving device of the engine is also provided with a control device, the control device is connected with the slide block, the slide block can slide under the driving of the control device and is withdrawn from the transmission chain of the valve driving device so as to cut off the transmission, and the slide block can also slide under the driving of the control device and reenters the transmission chain of the valve driving device so as to restore the transmission.

Further, the top surface of the sliding block is shaped as a wedge surface, the bottom surface of the upper tappet is shaped as a wedge surface matched with the top surface of the sliding block, the angle of the wedge surface enables locking performance between the sliding block and a part driven by the sliding block, when the sliding block is located in a transmission chain and is driven by the transmission chain, the sliding block cannot be withdrawn from the transmission chain under the action of the acting force of the control device on the sliding block, and when the sliding block partially enters the transmission chain, the sliding block is automatically cut into the transmission chain under the action of the wedge surface and the driving force of the transmission chain.

Furthermore, the control device comprises a plunger cavity and a driving plunger, a rod part at one end of the driving plunger is connected with the sliding block and can drive the sliding block to slide back and forth, a guide structure is arranged at the part of the sliding block connected with the driving plunger and can limit the sliding block to move only in the motion direction of the transmission chain relative to the driving plunger and not to move or rotate in other directions, and the control device further comprises a return spring.

Preferably, the control device comprises a driving plunger, the slider is provided with a guide structure at a position connected with the driving plunger of the control device, the guide structure satisfies that the slider can move in the direction of the transmission chain and can be driven by the driving plunger to slide back and forth, meanwhile, a guide structure is arranged between the bottom of the slider and the lower tappet, and the guide structure restricts the slider from sliding back and forth relative to the lower tappet only in the direction driven by the driving plunger of the control device and cannot move or rotate in other directions.

Furthermore, an inlet is formed in a plunger cavity of the control device and is connected to a driving medium through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, the pipeline is controlled to be switched on and off, the control device is driven by compressed air or hydraulic power, and the driving medium is compressed air of a vehicle or lubricating oil of an engine.

Furthermore, the shape of the wedge-shaped surface matched with the slide block and the part connected with the slide block is set to be a V-shaped inclined surface or a circular arc surface.

Further, the slider is provided on the camshaft side or the valve side in the valve drive train.

Furthermore, two cams are arranged on a cam shaft in the valve driving device of the engine, the two cams are used for driving the same rocker arm or valve and are provided with two lower tappets and one upper tappet, the two cams respectively drive one lower tappet through a transmission chain, a sliding block is respectively arranged corresponding to each lower tappet, the lower tappets are connected with the sliding blocks and drive the sliding blocks, the top surfaces of the sliding blocks are arranged into V-shaped wedge surfaces, the lower end of the upper tappet is provided with a beam structure, the bottom of the beam structure is provided with a wedge surface matched with the sliding blocks, each sliding block is respectively connected with a control device, each sliding block can be connected with the beam structure at the lower end of the upper tappet and drive the upper tappet under the drive of the control device, so that a transmission chain can be respectively formed from any cam to the valve, and one sliding block is positioned in the transmission chain under the action of the control device, or all exit the drive chain.

The invention also provides an engine having the valve-driving apparatus of any one of the above-described engines.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can cut off the transmission of the valve driving device to stop the valve to realize the cylinder stopping function, and the unique structure design of the device can also avoid the impact and damage of parts caused by the uncontrolled and sudden cut-off of the transmission chain of the valve driving device, and the clamping stagnation and the damage of parts caused by the incomplete recovery of the transmission chain when the valve driving device recovers the transmission, when the device is applied to the valve driving device with a plurality of cams, the invention can also realize the variable valve function.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings of different embodiments or designs, parts have the same reference numbers, which only represent the same or similar parts, and do not necessarily mean the same parts or have the same structure, and the drawings and the description thereof should be regarded as the right. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slider structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a drive plunger of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention with a slide in a drive chain

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention with the slide portion in the drive chain

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the slider exiting the drive chain according to the first embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a slider according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of a lower tappet according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of another shape of the wedge-shaped surface of the slider of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an upper tappet according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more, and the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", and the like used indicate orientations or positional relationships only for convenience of describing and explaining the present invention based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention, which means that the indicated devices or elements must have specific orientations or positional relationships.

Generally, for an engine with a non-overhead camshaft structure, in the driving direction, the drive chain components of the valve drive of the engine are, in turn: the invention relates to a valve driving device of an engine, which comprises a driving component (camshaft), a tappet, a push rod, a rocker arm and a valve, wherein the camshaft is used as the driving component and transmits power and cam lift to the valve through a transmission chain to control the opening and closing of the valve.

Fig. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a valve-driving apparatus of an engine sequentially includes a camshaft 1, a cam tappet 2, a push rod 3, a lower tappet 4, a slider 6, an upper tappet 7, and a rocker arm 9 along a power transmission direction, which are sequentially connected to form a transmission chain of the valve-driving apparatus, and the valve-driving apparatus is further provided with a lower tappet spring 5, an upper tappet spring 8, and a control device 10. In the valve-driving apparatus of the engine, as shown in fig. 1, a slider 6 is provided in a drive chain from a camshaft to a valve, and is provided with a lower tappet 4 and an upper tappet 7, the lower tappet 4 is connected with the bottom surface of the sliding block 6 and is used for driving the sliding block 6, the upper tappet 7 is connected with the top surface of the sliding block 6 and is driven by the sliding block 6, the shape of the top surface of the sliding block 6 is a wedge-shaped surface, the bottom surface of the upper tappet 7 of the part which is connected with the top surface of the slide block 6 and driven by the slide block 6 is shaped as a wedge surface matched with the top surface of the slide block 6, the angular setting of the wedge-shaped surfaces provides a locking between the slide 6 and the part driven by it, the locking performance means that when the slide block 6 is in the transmission chain and is driven by the transmission chain, the wedge-shaped surface structure can fix the slide block 6 in the transmission chain, and the slide block 6 cannot be withdrawn from the transmission chain by the acting force of the control device 10 on the slide block 6.

The control device 10 comprises a plunger cavity 11 and a driving plunger 12, the driving plunger 12 is installed in the plunger cavity, O-shaped rubber rings are respectively arranged on the driving plunger 12 and in a front end hole of the plunger cavity 11 for sealing, a rod part at one end of the driving plunger 12 is connected with the slider 6 and can drive the slider 6 to slide back and forth, a guide structure 61 is arranged at a part where the slider 6 is connected with the driving plunger 12, as shown in fig. 2, the guide structure 61 limits the slider 6 to move only in the direction of the motion of the transmission chain relative to the driving plunger 12 and not to move or rotate in other directions, and a guide structure 121 matched with the slider guide structure is also arranged at one end of the driving plunger 12 connected with the slider, as shown in fig. 3. In this embodiment, a T-shaped groove structure is taken as an example, but other structures having the same function may be provided. A return spring 13 is also provided in the control device 10 for urging the drive plunger 12 back. The plunger cavity 11 is provided with an inlet and is connected to a driving medium through a pipeline 14, the pipeline 14 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 15, the pipeline 14 is controlled to be switched on and off, the control device 10 can be driven by compressed air or hydraulic power, and the driving medium is compressed air of a vehicle or lubricating oil of an engine.

The operation of the first embodiment of the present invention is that when the slider 6 is located in the drive chain of the valve-driving device, as shown in fig. 1, the slider 6 is driven by the lower tappet 4 and attached to the upper tappet 7 under the driving of the camshaft 1, as shown in fig. 4, and the cam lift of the camshaft 1 is transmitted to the valve through the drive chain to control the opening and closing of the valve. The lower tappet spring 5 and the upper tappet spring 8 respectively keep the parts of the upper part and the lower part of the transmission chain in contact, so that the parts are prevented from moving uncontrollably and a sliding space is reserved for the sliding block 6. When the transmission chain needs to be disconnected, the electromagnetic valve 15 is powered on, a driving medium enters the plunger cavity through the pipeline 14 and pushes the driving plunger 12 to generate horizontal tension on the slider 6, and at the moment, the slider exits from the transmission chain under the following 3 conditions:

1. at this time, if the camshaft 1 just starts to enter the base circle part of the cam, no driving force is generated in the transmission chain, the width of the base circle part of the cam is reserved for enough sliding time of the slide block 6, and the slide block 6 can smoothly exit the transmission chain;

2. if the slide block 6 is in the transmission chain and is under the driving force of the transmission chain (as shown in fig. 4), the slide block 6 has great resistance in the horizontal direction of sliding due to the locking effect of the wedge-shaped surface structure, the slide block 6 cannot be pulled by the driving plunger 12 of the control device 10 to withdraw from the transmission chain until the camshaft 1 rotates to the base circle part of the cam, the valve is closed, the driving force of the camshaft 1 to the transmission chain disappears, and the slide block 6 cannot be pulled by the driving plunger 12 to withdraw from the transmission chain to reach the state shown in fig. 6;

3. if the slide block 6 is pulled by the driving plunger 12 to withdraw from the transmission chain at the time when the valve is in a closed state, the camshaft 1 has no driving force to the transmission chain, the slide block 6 can be pulled by the driving plunger 12, but the camshaft 1 generates the driving force to the transmission chain when the slide block 6 is not completely withdrawn from the transmission chain, the slide block 6 can be partially in the transmission chain, as shown in fig. 5, the wedge surface generates a horizontal acting force to the slide block 6, the acting force enables the slide block 6 to be returned to the transmission chain again (as shown in fig. 4), and the slide block 6 can not be pulled by the driving plunger 12 to withdraw from the transmission chain until the camshaft 1 rotates to the cam base circle part again (as shown in fig. 6).

On the contrary, when the transmission chain of the valve-driving device needs to resume transmission, the electromagnetic valve 15 is powered off, and the driving plunger 12 pushes the slider 6 into the transmission chain under the action of the return spring 13, and at this time, if the camshaft 1 just starts to enter the base circle portion of the cam, the slider 6 can smoothly enter the transmission chain under the pushing of the driving plunger 12 as described above. Similarly, if the camshaft 1 generates a driving force on the drive chain when the slide 6 is only partially inserted into the drive chain, as shown in fig. 5, the slide 6 is automatically cut into the drive chain (as shown in fig. 4) under the driving force of the drive chain due to the horizontal force of the wedge-shaped surface on the slide 6, thereby restoring the drive. In another case, when the sliding block 6 is driven into the transmission chain, if the camshaft 1 is not at the base circle part of the cam, the lower tappet 4 is driven by the camshaft to extend upwards (as shown in the position of the lower tappet 4 in fig. 4), and the sliding block 6 is blocked by the lower tappet 4 and cannot enter the transmission chain until the camshaft 1 rotates to the base circle part of the cam, and the sliding block 6 can not enter the transmission chain smoothly.

According to the working process of the valve driving device of the engine, the slide block 6 cannot be withdrawn from the transmission chain when the slide block 6 is in the transmission chain and the transmission chain has driving force (the valve is in an opening state), so that the valve is prevented from being suddenly seated and the parts of the transmission chain are prevented from being impacted and damaged when the transmission chain is suddenly cut off, and meanwhile, when the slide block 6 is partially withdrawn or enters the transmission chain, the slide block 6 is automatically cut into the transmission chain under the action of the wedge surface and the driving force of the transmission chain, so that the clamping stagnation and the part damage caused by the incomplete recovery of the transmission chain are avoided, and the working reliability of the device is greatly ensured.

Further, since the camshaft of the engine has a high rotation speed, the movement speed of the components of the transmission chain of the valve-driving device is very fast, according to the structure of the first embodiment, the slider 6 is driven by the lower tappet 4 when just entering the transmission chain, so that the slider 6 is suddenly changed from the static state to the high-speed movement state in the vertical direction, which may generate a certain impact force on the guiding structure of the slider 6, and the slider 6 may have instability with a tilting tendency, in order to ensure the operation of the device is reliable, fig. 7 to 9 illustrate the second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in the structure of the slider 6 and the lower tappet 4, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the control device includes the driving plunger 12, the slider 6 is provided with the guiding structure 61 at the position connected with the driving plunger 12 of the control device 10, the guiding structure 61 only needs to satisfy the requirement that the slider 6 can move in the direction of the transmission chain and can be driven by the driving plunger 12 to slide back and forth, the freedom degrees in other directions do not need to be limited, meanwhile, a guide structure 62 is arranged between the bottom of the sliding block 6 and the lower tappet 4, and a guide structure 41 is arranged on the lower tappet 4, as shown in fig. 9, the guide structures 62 and 41 limit the sliding block 6 to slide back and forth relative to the lower tappet 4 only along the driving direction of the driving plunger 12 of the control device, but not to move or rotate along other directions.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the sliding block 6 is mounted with the lower tappet 4 through the guiding structure 62, and the sliding block 6 always keeps synchronous motion with the lower tappet 4 when being in the transmission chain and exiting the transmission chain, so as to avoid instability of the sliding block 6 generated by the driving force of the lower tappet 4 when just entering the transmission chain, and make the device work more reliable.

As in the previous embodiment, the shape of the wedge surface matching with each other between the sliding block 6 and the tappet 7 on the component connected with the sliding block may be specifically configured as a V-shaped inclined surface, or a circular arc surface, as shown in fig. 10, which has a similar effect to the inclined surface.

Like the structure of the first embodiment, the slider 6 may be disposed on the camshaft side of the valve train, and similarly, according to similar structures and principles, it is easy for those skilled in the art to think and understand that the slider 6 may also be disposed on the valve side of the valve train, and the same functions may be achieved, where the layout space of the engine allows, and the description of the drawings is omitted.

Fig. 11 to 13 illustrate a third embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, two cams 1A and 1B are provided on a camshaft 1 in a valve-driving apparatus of an engine, the two cams 1A and 1B are used for driving the same rocker arm or valve, and are provided with two lower tappets 4 and one upper tappet 7, the two cams 1A and 1B respectively drive one lower tappet 4 through a transmission chain formed by one cam tappet 2 and one push rod 3, respectively, one sliding block 6 is provided corresponding to each lower tappet 4, the lower tappet 4 is connected with the sliding block 6 and drives the sliding block 6, the top surface of the sliding block 6 is provided with a V-shaped wedge surface, the lower end of the upper tappet 7 is provided with a beam structure 71, as shown in fig. 11, the bottom of the beam structure is provided with a wedge surface matched with the sliding block 6, each sliding block 6 is respectively connected with one control device 10, each slide 6 can be connected with the cross beam structure at the lower end of the upper tappet 7 under the driving of the control device 10 and drives the upper tappet 7, so that a transmission chain can be formed from the cam 1A to the valve or from the cam 1B to the valve, and the two slides 6 enable one slide 6 to be in the transmission chain or completely withdraw from the transmission chain under the action of the control device 10.

The present embodiment has the advantages that since two cams can form a transmission chain from each cam to each valve, which slider 6 is in the transmission chain can be controlled by the control device 10, so that which cam drives the transmission chain to open and close the valve, thereby implementing two different valve lifts, or enabling both sliders 6 to exit the transmission chain, thereby keeping the valve closed, implementing CDA, and the present embodiment enables the device to have a stronger function.

The invention also provides an engine having the valve-driving apparatus of any one of the above-described engines.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments adopted to illustrate the design and principle of the present invention, and should not be understood as limitations of the present invention, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be further modified, or some technical features can be replaced, combined, and the like without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.