阅读说明：本技术 一种数控机床使用的尾端支撑装置 (Tail end strutting arrangement that digit control machine tool used ) 是由 赖雪花 于 2020-12-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于车床尾座技术领域,尤其涉及一种数控机床使用的尾端支撑装置,它包括座体、调节环、内螺纹套、外螺纹套、装夹机构,装夹机构包括安装套、夹紧机构、第一顶尖机构、第二顶尖机构,其中安装套的一端旋转安装在外螺纹套远离内螺纹套的一端；第一顶尖机构、第二顶尖机构和夹紧机构依次安装在安装套的另一端；本发明设计的尾时,在使用前首先根据加工零件末端的形状选择第一锥块还是第二锥块或者直接夹紧外圆面,如果是具有顶孔,则选择第一锥块；如果是具有尖角,则选择第二锥块,如果两者都不是则可以选择夹紧；根据不同需求,选择不同的方式,使用起来比较方便。(The invention belongs to the technical field of lathe tailstock, and particularly relates to a tail end supporting device used for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a base body, an adjusting ring, an internal thread sleeve, an external thread sleeve and a clamping mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a mounting sleeve, a clamping mechanism, a first tip mechanism and a second tip mechanism, wherein one end of the mounting sleeve is rotatably mounted at one end of the external thread sleeve, which is far away from the internal thread sleeve; the first tip mechanism, the second tip mechanism and the clamping mechanism are sequentially arranged at the other end of the mounting sleeve; when the tail is designed, before the tail is used, the first taper block or the second taper block is selected according to the shape of the tail end of a machined part or the outer circular surface is directly clamped, and if the tail is provided with a top hole, the first taper block is selected; if it is pointed, a second taper is selected, and if neither is the case, clamping is selected; according to different requirements, different modes are selected, and the use is convenient.)

1. The utility model provides a tail end strutting arrangement that digit control machine tool used which characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a seat body, an adjusting ring, an internal thread sleeve, an external thread sleeve and a clamping mechanism, wherein the upper end of the seat body is provided with a mounting round hole which is communicated from front to back; the internal thread sleeve is rotatably arranged in the mounting round hole, and one end of the internal thread sleeve extends out of the mounting round hole and is fixedly provided with an adjusting ring; the external thread sleeve is slidably arranged in the mounting round hole and is in matched connection with the internal thread sleeve through threads; the rear end of the seat body is provided with a second lock rod used for locking the seat body on a lathe slide rail; the side surface of the seat body is provided with a first lock rod for locking the external thread sleeve to slide relative to the seat body; the clamping mechanism is rotatably arranged on the external thread sleeve;

the clamping mechanism comprises a mounting sleeve, a clamping mechanism, a first tip mechanism and a second tip mechanism, wherein one end of the mounting sleeve is rotatably mounted at one end, far away from the internal thread sleeve, of the external thread sleeve; the first tip mechanism, the second tip mechanism and the clamping mechanism are sequentially arranged at the other end of the mounting sleeve;

the clamping mechanism comprises first adjusting rods and clamping blocks, wherein the three first adjusting rods are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably arranged on the mounting sleeve in a rotating mode, the three clamping blocks are slidably arranged in the mounting sleeve along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve, the three clamping blocks are in transmission connection with the three first adjusting rods through a telescopic inner rod, a telescopic outer sleeve, a guide rod, a first gear, a second gear and a first gear ring, and any one of the three rotating first adjusting rods can drive the three clamping blocks to slide towards the radial direction of the mounting sleeve;

the first tip mechanism comprises a second gear ring, second adjusting rods, a third gear ring, a first rotating ring, a second rotating ring, a fourth gear, an eighth gear, a rack, a fifth gear ring, a transmission plate, an installation sliding block, a guide sliding rod and a second conical block, wherein the three second adjusting rods are uniformly and circumferentially rotatably installed on the installation sleeve in a rotating mode, one ends of the three second adjusting rods penetrate into the inner side of the installation sleeve respectively, and the three second adjusting rods are fixedly installed with the third gear; the second gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the three third gears; two fourth gears are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on the inner circular surface of the second gear ring; the third gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the two fourth gears; the inner circular surface of the first rotating ring is provided with internal threads, the first rotating ring is fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the third gear ring, the outer circular surface of the second rotating ring is provided with external threads, the second rotating ring is slidably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and the second rotating ring is in threaded fit with the first rotating ring; one end of the transmission plate is provided with a second square groove, one end of the second square groove is provided with a first square groove, and the width of the first square groove is larger than that of the second square groove; one ends of the three transmission plates, which are not provided with the square grooves, are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the second rotating ring in the circumferential direction, and the three transmission plates are positioned in the through hole in the middle of the mounting sleeve; the fifth gear ring is rotatably arranged in the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the two fourth gears; the three eighth gears are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably arranged in the mounting sleeve, and are meshed with the fifth gear ring; the three racks are circumferentially and uniformly arranged in the mounting sleeve in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve, and the three racks are correspondingly and respectively meshed with the three eighth gears one by one; the three guide sliding rods are fixedly arranged on the three racks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the three mounting sliding blocks are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the mounting sleeve in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the mounting sleeve, and the three mounting sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide sliding rods; the three second conical blocks are fixedly arranged on the three mounting sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the three second conical blocks are closed along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve to form a complete cone with an inner conical surface; one end of each of the three mounting sliding blocks, which is close to the conical block, is provided with a square ring groove, one end of each of the three transmission plates, which is provided with the square groove, is in sliding fit with the three mounting sliding blocks, the width of the second square groove formed in each transmission plate is equal to that of the square ring groove formed in the corresponding mounting sliding block, and the width of the first square groove formed in each transmission plate is equal to that of the part, which is not provided with the square ring groove, of the corresponding mounting sliding block;

the second centre mechanism comprises a second gear ring, a second adjusting rod, a third gear ring, a first rotating ring, a second rotating ring, a fourth gear, an eighth gear, a rack, a fifth gear ring, a transmission plate, a mounting slide bar, a guide slide bar and a first taper block, wherein the second gear ring, the second adjusting rod, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring, the second rotating ring, the fourth gear, the eighth gear, the rack, the fifth gear ring, the transmission plate, the mounting slide bar and the guide slide bar are mounted on the second gear ring, the second adjusting rod, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring, the second rotating ring, the fourth gear, the eighth gear, the rack, the fifth gear ring, the transmission plate, the mounting slide bar and the guide slide bar in the same mounting positions and relations with the first taper blocks, the three first taper blocks are fixedly mounted on the three mounting slide blocks in one-to-one correspondence, and the three first taper blocks are close along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve to form a complete taper angle with a sharp point And (3) a body.

2. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the inner circular surface of one end of the mounting round hole formed in the seat body is provided with a guide ring groove, the inner circular surface of the mounting round hole positioned on one side of the guide ring groove is symmetrically provided with two guide sliding chutes, the outer circular surface of one end of the internal thread sleeve is fixedly provided with a guide ring, and the internal thread sleeve is arranged in the mounting round hole through the rotating fit of the guide ring and the guide ring groove; two guide sliding blocks are arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the external thread sleeve opposite to the vehicle, and the external thread sleeve is arranged in the mounting circular hole through the sliding fit of the two guide sliding blocks and the two guide sliding grooves.

3. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the inner circular surface of one end of the external thread sleeve is fixedly provided with a pull ring, the outer circular surface of one end of the installation sleeve is provided with a ring groove, and the installation sleeve is rotatably installed on the external thread sleeve through the matching of the ring groove and the pull ring.

4. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: one end of each of the three first adjusting rods penetrates through the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is fixedly provided with a second gear; the first gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the three second gears; the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve is provided with internal threads, the three telescopic outer sleeves are uniformly and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and the three guide rods are uniformly and circumferentially fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and respectively penetrate through the three telescopic outer sleeves; the outer circle surface of each telescopic inner rod is provided with an external thread, one ends of the three telescopic inner rods are respectively installed at one ends of the three telescopic outer sleeves far away from the installation sleeves in a one-to-one correspondence manner through thread matching, the three telescopic inner rods are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide rods, and the three clamping blocks are respectively fixedly installed at the other ends of the three telescopic inner rods; the three first gears are fixedly mounted on the three telescopic outer sleeves respectively, and the three first gears are meshed with the first gear rings respectively.

5. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: two annular fourth mounting grooves are formed in the front and back of the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and annular second mounting grooves are formed in one sides of the two fourth mounting grooves; the outer circular surface of the mounting sleeve is provided with two groups of six third mounting grooves which are communicated with the second mounting grooves and used for mounting six second adjusting rods; the circular surfaces of the two fourth mounting grooves are respectively provided with three guide grooves which are communicated with the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and used for the corresponding transmission plate to pass through and slide; the second gear ring is rotatably arranged in the second mounting groove, the eighth gear, the fifth gear ring, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring and the second rotating ring are arranged in a fourth mounting groove, six first sliding grooves which are communicated with the two fourth mounting grooves and are used for sliding six racks are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, six fourth sliding grooves which are used for sliding six mounting sliding blocks up and down are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, six second sliding grooves which are used for sliding six guide sliding rods up and down are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, the six second sliding grooves penetrate through the corresponding six fourth sliding grooves and are communicated with the six first sliding grooves, six third sliding grooves which are used for sliding the mounting sliding blocks in the front-back direction and are close to the axis of the mounting sleeve are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, the widths of the six third sliding grooves, the widths of the six fourth sliding grooves are equal to the, and is less than the width of the six third chutes.

6. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 4, wherein: three sixth mounting grooves for mounting the first adjusting rod are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the mounting sleeve; even opening of circumference has three rotatory mounting groove on the interior disc of installation cover, and the one end of the flexible overcoat of three body is fixed mounting respectively has a revolution mechanic, and three flexible overcoat is installed on the interior disc of installation cover through the rotatory cooperation of three revolution mechanic with three rotatory mounting groove.

7. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping block is provided with grooves which are uniformly distributed at one end back to the corresponding telescopic inner rod.

8. The tail end supporting device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission plates are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second rotating rings in a welding mode.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lathe tailstock, and particularly relates to a tail end supporting device used for a numerical control machine tool.

Background

The numerical control lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency automatic machine tool. The multi-station tool turret or the power tool turret is equipped, so that the machine tool has wide processing technological performance, can process complex workpieces such as linear cylinders, oblique line cylinders, circular arcs and various threads, grooves, worms and the like, has various compensation functions of linear interpolation and circular arc interpolation, and plays a good economic effect in the batch production of complex parts; is increasingly popularized in the mechanical production and processing process.

For the processing of major axis, the tailstock is used commonly, and the tailstock generally supports the tail end of major axis through awl point or concave conical surface, and for longer major axis, after its length is greater than the distance of tailstock and main shaft, the major axis can't be the clamping between tailstock and main shaft, need use the centre-penetrating tailstock clamping like the main shaft, and hollow tailstock sees at present or uses hollow tailstock on the one hand, and on the other hand, hollow tailstock is different with traditional awl point or concave conical surface tailstock structure, switches the use inconvenient.

The invention designs a tail end supporting device for a numerical control machine tool, which integrates a cone-point tailstock, a concave cone-surface tailstock and a hollow tailstock together, so that the tailstock is multifunctional, is convenient to use flexibly and solves the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a tail end supporting device used for a numerical control machine tool, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A tail end supporting device for a numerical control machine tool comprises a base body, an adjusting ring, an internal thread sleeve, an external thread sleeve and a clamping mechanism, wherein the upper end of the base body is provided with a mounting round hole which is communicated from front to back; the internal thread sleeve is rotatably arranged in the mounting round hole, and one end of the internal thread sleeve extends out of the mounting round hole and is fixedly provided with an adjusting ring; the external thread sleeve is slidably arranged in the mounting round hole and is in matched connection with the internal thread sleeve through threads; the rear end of the seat body is provided with a second lock rod used for locking the seat body on a lathe slide rail; the side surface of the seat body is provided with a first lock rod for locking the external thread sleeve to slide relative to the seat body; the clamping mechanism is rotatably arranged on the external thread sleeve.

The clamping mechanism comprises a mounting sleeve, a clamping mechanism, a first tip mechanism and a second tip mechanism, wherein one end of the mounting sleeve is rotatably mounted at one end, far away from the internal thread sleeve, of the external thread sleeve; the first tip mechanism, the second tip mechanism and the clamping mechanism are sequentially arranged at the other end of the mounting sleeve.

The clamping mechanism comprises a first adjusting rod and clamping blocks, wherein the three first adjusting rods are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably mounted on the mounting sleeve, the three clamping blocks are slidably mounted in the mounting sleeve along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve, the three clamping blocks are in transmission connection with the three first adjusting rods through a telescopic inner rod, a telescopic outer sleeve, a guide rod, a first gear, a second gear and a first gear ring, and any one of the three rotating first adjusting rods can drive the three clamping blocks to slide towards the radial direction of the mounting sleeve.

The first tip mechanism comprises a second gear ring, second adjusting rods, a third gear ring, a first rotating ring, a second rotating ring, a fourth gear, an eighth gear, a rack, a fifth gear ring, a transmission plate, an installation sliding block, a guide sliding rod and a second conical block, wherein the three second adjusting rods are uniformly and circumferentially rotatably installed on the installation sleeve in a rotating mode, one ends of the three second adjusting rods penetrate into the inner side of the installation sleeve respectively, and the three second adjusting rods are fixedly installed with the third gear; the second gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the three third gears; two fourth gears are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on the inner circular surface of the second gear ring; the third gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the two fourth gears; the inner circular surface of the first rotating ring is provided with internal threads, the first rotating ring is fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the third gear ring, the outer circular surface of the second rotating ring is provided with external threads, the second rotating ring is slidably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and the second rotating ring is in threaded fit with the first rotating ring; one end of the transmission plate is provided with a second square groove, one end of the second square groove is provided with a first square groove, and the width of the first square groove is larger than that of the second square groove; one ends of the three transmission plates, which are not provided with the square grooves, are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the second rotating ring in the circumferential direction, and the three transmission plates are positioned in the through hole in the middle of the mounting sleeve; the fifth gear ring is rotatably arranged in the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the two fourth gears; the three eighth gears are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably arranged in the mounting sleeve, and are meshed with the fifth gear ring; the three racks are circumferentially and uniformly arranged in the mounting sleeve in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve, and the three racks are correspondingly and respectively meshed with the three eighth gears one by one; the three guide sliding rods are fixedly arranged on the three racks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the three mounting sliding blocks are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the mounting sleeve in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the mounting sleeve, and the three mounting sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide sliding rods; the three second conical blocks are fixedly arranged on the three mounting sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the three second conical blocks are closed along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve to form a complete cone with an inner conical surface; the one end that three installation slider is close to the awl piece all opens has a square ring groove, and three driving plate is opened the one end that has the square groove and is installed slider sliding fit with three, and the square groove width that opens on the second square groove that opens on the driving plate and the corresponding installation slider equals, and the first square groove that opens on the driving plate equals with the width that corresponds installation slider not opened square ring groove department.

The second centre mechanism comprises a second gear ring, a second adjusting rod, a third gear ring, a first rotating ring, a second rotating ring, a fourth gear, an eighth gear, a rack, a fifth gear ring, a transmission plate, a mounting slide bar, a guide slide bar and a first taper block, wherein the second gear ring, the second adjusting rod, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring, the second rotating ring, the fourth gear, the eighth gear, the rack, the fifth gear ring, the transmission plate, the mounting slide bar and the guide slide bar are mounted on the second gear ring, the second adjusting rod, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring, the second rotating ring, the fourth gear, the eighth gear, the rack, the fifth gear ring, the transmission plate, the mounting slide bar and the guide slide bar in the same mounting positions and relations with the first taper blocks, the three first taper blocks are fixedly mounted on the three mounting slide blocks in one-to-one correspondence, and the three first taper blocks are close along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve to form a complete taper angle with a sharp point And (3) a body.

As a further improvement of the technology, a guide ring groove is formed on the inner circular surface at one end of the mounting circular hole formed in the base body, two guide sliding grooves are symmetrically formed on the inner circular surface of the mounting circular hole at one side of the guide ring groove, a guide ring is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface at one end of the internal thread sleeve, and the internal thread sleeve is mounted in the mounting circular hole through the rotary matching of the guide ring and the guide ring groove; two guide sliding blocks are arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the external thread sleeve opposite to the vehicle, and the external thread sleeve is arranged in the mounting circular hole through the sliding fit of the two guide sliding blocks and the two guide sliding grooves.

As a further improvement of the technology, a pull ring is fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of one end of the external thread sleeve, an annular groove is formed in the outer circular surface of one end of the installation sleeve, and the installation sleeve is rotatably installed on the external thread sleeve through the matching of the annular groove and the pull ring.

As a further improvement of the technology, one end of each of the three first adjusting rods respectively penetrates into the inner side of the mounting sleeve and is fixedly provided with a second gear; the first gear ring is rotatably arranged on the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and is meshed with the three second gears; the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve is provided with internal threads, the three telescopic outer sleeves are uniformly and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and the three guide rods are uniformly and circumferentially fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and respectively penetrate through the three telescopic outer sleeves; the outer circle surface of each telescopic inner rod is provided with an external thread, one ends of the three telescopic inner rods are respectively installed at one ends of the three telescopic outer sleeves far away from the installation sleeves in a one-to-one correspondence manner through thread matching, the three telescopic inner rods are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide rods, and the three clamping blocks are respectively fixedly installed at the other ends of the three telescopic inner rods; the three first gears are fixedly mounted on the three telescopic outer sleeves respectively, and the three first gears are meshed with the first gear rings respectively.

As a further improvement of the technology, two annular fourth mounting grooves are formed in the front and back of the inner side of the mounting sleeve, and annular second mounting grooves are formed in one sides of the two fourth mounting grooves; the outer circular surface of the mounting sleeve is provided with two groups of six third mounting grooves which are communicated with the second mounting grooves and used for mounting six second adjusting rods; the circular surfaces of the two fourth mounting grooves are respectively provided with three guide grooves which are communicated with the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve and used for the corresponding transmission plate to pass through and slide; the second gear ring is rotatably arranged in the second mounting groove, the eighth gear, the fifth gear ring, the third gear ring, the first rotating ring and the second rotating ring are arranged in a fourth mounting groove, six first sliding grooves which are communicated with the two fourth mounting grooves and are used for sliding six racks are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, six fourth sliding grooves which are used for sliding six mounting sliding blocks up and down are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, six second sliding grooves which are used for sliding six guide sliding rods up and down are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, the six second sliding grooves penetrate through the corresponding six fourth sliding grooves and are communicated with the six first sliding grooves, six third sliding grooves which are used for sliding the mounting sliding blocks in the front-back direction and are close to the axis of the mounting sleeve are arranged on the mounting sleeve in the front-back direction, the widths of the six third sliding grooves, the widths of the six fourth sliding grooves are equal to the, and is less than the width of the six third chutes.

As a further improvement of the technology, three sixth mounting grooves for mounting the first adjusting rod are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve; even opening of circumference has three rotatory mounting groove on the interior disc of installation cover, and the one end of the flexible overcoat of three body is fixed mounting respectively has a revolution mechanic, and three flexible overcoat is installed on the interior disc of installation cover through the rotatory cooperation of three revolution mechanic with three rotatory mounting groove.

As a further improvement of the technology, one end of the clamping block, which is back to the corresponding telescopic inner rod, is provided with evenly distributed grooves.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the above-mentioned driving plate is fixedly mounted on the corresponding second rotating ring by means of welding.

Compared with the traditional lathe tailstock technology, the lathe tailstock technology has the following beneficial effects:

1. when the tail is designed, before the tail is used, the first taper block or the second taper block is selected according to the shape of the tail end of a machined part or the outer circular surface is directly clamped, and if the tail is provided with a top hole, the first taper block is selected; if it is pointed, a second taper is selected, and if neither is the case, clamping is selected; according to different requirements, different modes are selected, and the use is convenient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall component distribution.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the seat structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the internally threaded sleeve and the externally threaded sleeve.

Fig. 5 is an external view of the clamping mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the clamping mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting of the second tip mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting sleeve structure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mounting sleeve.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mounting sleeve.

Fig. 11 is a schematic distribution diagram of the internal structure of the clamping mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the clamping mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a first cone block installation schematic.

FIG. 14 is a second block mounting schematic.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the drive plate construction.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a base body; 2. an adjusting ring; 3. a clamping mechanism; 4. a first lock lever; 5. a second lock lever; 6. an internal thread sleeve; 7. an external thread sleeve; 8. a guide ring groove; 9. a guide chute; 10. mounting a round hole; 11. a guide slider; 12. a guide ring; 13. a pull ring; 14. an annular groove; 15. a second tip mechanism; 16. installing a sleeve; 17. a clamping mechanism; 18. a first tip mechanism; 19. a first chute; 20. a second chute; 21. a third chute; 22. a fourth chute; 24. a guide groove; 25. a second mounting groove; 26. a third mounting groove; 27. a fourth mounting groove; 28. rotating the mounting groove; 32. a first adjusting lever; 33. a clamping block; 34. a telescopic inner rod; 35. a telescopic outer sleeve; 36. a guide bar; 37. a rotating structure; 38. a first gear; 39. a second gear; 40. a first ring gear; 44. a second ring gear; 45. a second adjusting lever; 46. a third gear; 47. a third ring gear; 48. a first rotating ring; 49. a second rotating ring; 50. a fourth gear; 55. an eighth gear; 57. a rack; 58. a fifth ring gear; 59. a drive plate; 60. a first cone block; 61. installing a sliding block; 62. a guide slide bar; 63. a square ring groove; 64. a first square groove; 65. a second square groove; 67. a second taper block; 72. and a sixth mounting groove.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clamping device comprises a base body 1, an adjusting ring 2, an internal thread sleeve 6, an external thread sleeve 7 and a clamping mechanism 3, wherein as shown in fig. 3, the upper end of the base body 1 is provided with a round mounting hole which is through from front to back; as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the internal thread sleeve 6 is rotatably installed in the installation round hole 10, and one end of the internal thread sleeve 6 extends out of the installation round hole 10 and is fixedly provided with the adjusting ring 2; the external thread sleeve 7 is slidably arranged in the mounting round hole 10, and the external thread sleeve 7 is connected with the internal thread sleeve 6 in a thread fit manner; the rear end of the seat body 1 is provided with a second lock rod 5 for locking the seat body 1 on a lathe slide rail; the side surface of the seat body 1 is provided with a first lock rod 4 for locking the sliding of the external thread sleeve 7 relative to the seat body 1; the clamping mechanism 3 is rotatably arranged on the external thread sleeve 7.

According to the invention, the adjusting ring 2 is rotationally adjusted, so that the adjusting ring 2 drives the internal thread sleeve 6 to rotate, and as the internal thread sleeve 6 is rotationally mounted on the seat body 1 through the matching of the guide ring 12 and the guide ring groove 8, and the external thread is mounted on the seat body 1 through the sliding matching of the guide sliding block 11 and the guide sliding groove 9 and can only slide along the axis of the mounting round hole 10 formed in the seat body 1, when the internal thread sleeve 6 is driven to rotate, the internal thread sleeve 6 can drive the external thread sleeve 7 to slide along the axis of the mounting round hole 10 through the thread matching, and the external thread sleeve 7 slides to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to slide through the matching of the pull ring 13 and.

As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 11, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a mounting sleeve 16, a clamping mechanism 17, a first tip mechanism 18 and a second tip mechanism 15, wherein one end of the mounting sleeve 16 is rotatably mounted at one end of the external thread sleeve 7 away from the internal thread sleeve 6; the first centre mechanism 18, the second centre mechanism 15 and the clamping mechanism 17 are sequentially mounted at the other end of the mounting sleeve 16.

As shown in fig. 12, the clamping mechanism 17 includes a first adjusting lever 32 and clamping blocks 33, wherein three first adjusting levers 32 are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably mounted on the mounting sleeve 16, three clamping blocks 33 are slidably mounted in the mounting sleeve 16 along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve 16, the three clamping blocks 33 are in transmission connection with the three first adjusting levers 32 through a telescopic inner lever 34, a telescopic outer sleeve 35, a guide rod 36, a first gear 38, a second gear 39 and a first gear ring 40, and rotating any one of the three first adjusting levers 32 can drive the three clamping blocks 33 to slide toward the radial direction of the mounting sleeve 16.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the first tip mechanism 18 includes a second gear ring 44, a second adjusting lever 45, a third gear 46, a third gear ring 47, a first rotating ring 48, a second rotating ring 49, a fourth gear 50, an eighth gear 55, a rack 57, a fifth gear ring 58, a transmission plate 59, a mounting slider 61, a guide sliding rod 62, and a second taper block 67, wherein the three second adjusting levers 45 are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably mounted on the mounting sleeve 16, and one end of each of the three second adjusting levers 45 respectively penetrates through the inner side of the mounting sleeve 16 and is fixedly mounted with one third gear 46; the second ring gear 44 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting sleeve 16, and the second ring gear 44 meshes with three third gears 46; two fourth gears 50 are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the inner circular surface of the second gear ring 44; the third gear ring 47 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting sleeve 16, and the third gear ring 47 is meshed with the two fourth gears 50; the first rotating ring 48 is internally threaded on the inner circular surface, the first rotating ring 48 is fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the third gear ring 47, the second rotating ring 49 is externally threaded on the outer circular surface, the second rotating ring 49 is slidably arranged inside the mounting sleeve 16, and the second rotating ring 49 is in threaded fit with the first rotating ring 48; as shown in fig. 15, one end of the driving plate 59 is provided with a second square groove 65, one end of the second square groove 65 is provided with a first square groove 64, and the width of the first square groove 64 is greater than that of the second square groove 65; one ends of the three driving plates 59, which are not provided with the square grooves, are circumferentially and uniformly fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the second rotating ring 49, and the three driving plates 59 are positioned in a through hole in the middle of the mounting sleeve 16; as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the fifth ring gear 58 is rotatably mounted in the mounting sleeve 16, and the fifth ring gear 58 is meshed with the two fourth gears 50; the three eighth gears 55 are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably arranged in the mounting sleeve 16, and the three eighth gears 55 are meshed with the fifth gear ring 58; the three racks 57 are circumferentially and uniformly slidably mounted in the mounting sleeve 16 along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve 16, and the three racks 57 are correspondingly and respectively meshed with the three eighth gears 55; the three guide slide bars 62 are fixedly mounted on the three racks 57 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the three mounting slide blocks 61 are circumferentially and uniformly mounted on the mounting sleeve 16 in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the mounting sleeve 16, and the three mounting slide blocks 61 are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide slide bars 62; the three second cone blocks 67 are fixedly arranged on the three mounting sliding blocks 61 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the three second cone blocks 67 are closed along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve 16 to form a complete cone with an inner conical surface; one end of each of the three mounting sliding blocks 61 close to the conical block is provided with a square ring groove 63, one end of each of the three driving plates 59 provided with the square grooves is in sliding fit with the corresponding mounting sliding block 61, the width of each of the square ring grooves 63 provided on the driving plates 59 is equal to that of each of the second square grooves 65 provided on the driving plates 59 and the corresponding mounting sliding blocks 61, and the width of each of the first square grooves 64 provided on the driving plates 59 and the corresponding mounting sliding blocks 61 where the square ring grooves 63 are not provided is equal to that of each of the first square grooves 64 provided.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the second tip mechanism 15 includes a second ring gear 44, a second adjusting lever 45, a third gear 46, a third ring gear 47, a first rotating ring 48, a second rotating ring 49, a fourth gear 50, an eighth gear 55, a rack 57, a fifth ring gear 58, a transmission plate 59, a mounting slider 61, a guide slide 62, and a first cone block 60, wherein the second ring gear 44, the second adjusting lever 45, the third gear 46, the third ring gear 47, the first rotating ring 48, the second rotating ring 49, the fourth gear 50, the eighth gear 55, the rack 57, the fifth ring gear 58, the transmission plate 59, the mounting slider 61, and the guide slide 62 are mounted on the second ring gear 44, the second adjusting lever 45, the third gear 46, the third ring gear 47, the first rotating ring 48, the second rotating ring gear 49, the fourth gear 50, the eighth gear 55, the rack 57, the fifth ring gear 58, the transmission plate 59, and the transmission plate 59 of the first tip mechanism 18, The mounting positions and the relations of the mounting sliding blocks 61 and the guide sliding rods 62 are the same, the three first conical blocks 60 are fixedly mounted on the three mounting sliding blocks 61 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the three first conical blocks 60 are close together along the radial direction of the mounting sleeve 16 to form a complete cone with a sharp angle.

In the invention, when the second adjusting rod 45 is driven to rotate, the second adjusting rod 45 drives the third gear 46 to rotate, the third gear 46 rotates to drive the second gear ring 44 to rotate, the second gear ring 44 rotates to drive the two fourth gears 50 mounted thereon to rotate around the axis of the second gear ring 44, and the rotation of the two fourth gears 50 drives the third gear ring 47 to rotate or drives the fifth gear ring 58 to rotate.

When the third ring gear 47 rotates, the third ring gear 47 drives the first rotating ring 48 to rotate, and only the first rotating ring 48 can rotate because the first rotating ring 48 is limited by the fourth mounting groove 27 formed on the mounting sleeve 16, and the second rotating ring 49 can slide along the guide groove 24 in the fourth mounting groove 27, so that when the first rotating ring 48 is driven to rotate, the first rotating ring drives the second rotating ring 49 to slide along the guide groove 24 through screw-thread fit, and the second rotating ring 49 slides and drives the corresponding six transmission plates 59 to slide.

When the fifth gear ring 58 rotates, the fifth gear ring 58 drives the three eighth gears 55 to rotate, the three eighth gears 55 rotate to drive the corresponding racks 57 to slide, the racks 57 slide to drive the corresponding guide slide bars 62 to slide along the second sliding grooves 20, the guide slide bars 62 slide to drive the corresponding mounting slide blocks 61 to slide along the fourth sliding grooves 22, and when the mounting slide blocks start sliding, the second sliding grooves 20 have a limit position for the corresponding mounting slide blocks 61 to slide forward towards the axis of the mounting sleeve 16; the mounting slide block 61 slides to drive the corresponding first conical block 60 to slide; when the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit of the mounting slide block 61, at this time, the mounting slide block 61 can be driven to slide in the third slide groove 21 along the axis of the mounting sleeve 16, so that the three first conical blocks 60 are combined to form a finished ejector rod with a sharp angle, and the three second conical blocks 67 are combined to form a finished ejector rod with a concave conical surface.

As shown in fig. 3, the inner circular surface of one end of the mounting circular hole 10 opened in the seat body 1 is opened with a guide ring groove 8, the inner circular surface of the mounting circular hole 10 on one side of the guide ring groove 8 is symmetrically opened with two guide sliding chutes 9, as shown in fig. 4, the outer circular surface of one end of the internal thread bush 6 is fixedly installed with a guide ring 12, as shown in fig. 2, the internal thread bush 6 is installed in the mounting circular hole 10 through the rotation fit of the guide ring 12 and the guide ring groove 8; two guide sliding blocks 11 are installed on the outer circular surface of one end of the external thread sleeve 7 opposite to the vehicle, and the external thread sleeve 7 is installed in an installation round hole 10 through the sliding fit of the two guide sliding blocks 11 and the two guide sliding grooves 9.

As shown in fig. 5, a pull ring 13 is fixedly mounted on an inner circumferential surface of one end of the external thread bushing 7, as shown in fig. 3, an annular groove 14 is formed on an outer circumferential surface of one end of a mounting sleeve 16, as shown in fig. 2, and the mounting sleeve 16 is rotatably mounted on the external thread bushing 7 through cooperation of the annular groove 14 and the pull ring 13.

As shown in fig. 12, one end of each of the three first adjustment levers 32 penetrates through the inner side of the mounting sleeve 16 and is fixedly provided with a second gear 39; a first gear ring 40 is rotatably mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve 16, and the first gear ring 40 is engaged with the three second gears 39; the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve 35 is provided with internal threads, the three telescopic outer sleeves 35 are circumferentially and uniformly rotatably arranged on the inner side of the mounting sleeve 16, and the three guide rods 36 are circumferentially and uniformly fixedly arranged on the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve 16 and respectively penetrate through the three telescopic outer sleeves 35; the outer circle surface of the telescopic inner rod 34 is provided with external threads, one ends of the three telescopic inner rods 34 are respectively installed at one ends, far away from the installation sleeve 16, of the three telescopic outer sleeves 35 in a one-to-one correspondence mode through thread matching, the three telescopic inner rods 34 are in one-to-one correspondence sliding fit with the three guide rods 36, and the three clamping blocks 33 are respectively and fixedly installed at the other ends of the three telescopic inner rods 34; the three first gears 38 are respectively fixedly mounted on the three telescopic outer sleeves 35, and the three first gears 38 are respectively engaged with the first gear ring 40.

When any one of the three first adjusting rings 2 is driven in rotation in the present invention, the first adjusting rod 32 will drive the second gear 39 to rotate, the second gear 39 will drive the first gear ring 40 to rotate, the first gear ring 40 will drive the three first gears 38 to rotate, the three first gears 38 will drive the three telescopic sleeves 35 to rotate, because the three telescopic inner rods 34 are in one-to-one corresponding sliding fit with the three guide rods 36, the guide rods 36 are square rods and fixed on the seat body 1, therefore, the three telescopic inner rods 34 can only slide along the axial direction, the three telescopic outer sleeves 35 rotate to drive the three telescopic inner rods 34 to slide along the axial direction through threaded fit, the three telescopic inner rods 34 slide to drive the three clamping blocks 33 to slide towards the radial direction of the mounting round hole 10 formed in the base body 1, and clamping of shaft parts of which the tail parts are not provided with top holes and the lathe centers is realized.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, two annular fourth mounting grooves 27 are formed in the front and rear of the inner side of the mounting sleeve 16, and the annular second mounting groove 25 is formed in each of one sides of the two fourth mounting grooves 27; two groups of six third mounting grooves 26 which are communicated with the second mounting groove 25 and used for mounting six second adjusting rods 45 are formed in the outer circular surface of the mounting sleeve 16; the circular surfaces of the two fourth mounting grooves 27 are respectively provided with three guide grooves 24 which are communicated with the inner circular surface of the mounting sleeve 16 and through which the corresponding transmission plates 59 can slide; the second gear ring 44 is rotatably installed in the second installation groove 25, the eighth gear 55, the fifth gear ring 58, the third gear ring 47, the first rotating ring 48 and the second rotating ring 49 are installed in the fourth installation groove 27, six first sliding grooves 19 which are communicated with the two fourth installation grooves 27 and are used for slidably installing six racks 57 are formed in the installation sleeve 16 in the front-back direction, six fourth sliding grooves 22 which are used for vertically sliding six installation sliders 61 are formed in the installation sleeve 16 in the front-back direction, six second sliding grooves 20 which are used for vertically sliding six guide sliding rods 62 are formed in the installation sleeve 16 in the front-back direction, the six second sliding grooves 20 penetrate through the corresponding six fourth sliding grooves 22 to be communicated with the six first sliding grooves 19, six third sliding grooves 21 which are used for vertically sliding the installation sliders 61 and are formed in the front-back direction in the installation sleeve 16 and are close to the axis of the installation sleeve 16 relative to the six second sliding grooves 20, the widths of the six third sliding grooves 21, the widths of the six fourth sliding grooves, the diameter of the guide slide 62 is equal to the width of the six second runners 20 and is smaller than the width of the six third runners 21. The widths of the six third sliding grooves 21 and the widths of the six fourth sliding grooves 22 are equal to the width of the mounting slide block 61, and the diameter of the guide slide rod 62 is equal to the widths of the six second sliding grooves 20 and is smaller than the widths of the six third sliding grooves 21; the reason for this design is to ensure that the second sliding groove 20 has a limit for the corresponding mounting slider 61 to slide forward toward the axis of the mounting sleeve 16 when the guide sliding rod 62 drives the corresponding mounting slider 61 to slide along the fourth sliding groove 22; when the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit on the mounting slide block 61; the mounting slider 61 may slide the corresponding, combined first taper block 60 and second taper block 67 toward the front end of the mounting sleeve 16.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, three sixth mounting grooves 72 for mounting the first adjusting rod 32 are uniformly formed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve 16 in the circumferential direction; the inner circle face of installing cover 16 is gone up the even division of circumference and is had three rotatory mounting groove 28, and the one end of three flexible overcoat 35 of body respectively fixed mounting have a revolution mechanic 37, and three flexible overcoat 35 is installed on the inner circle face of installing cover 16 through the rotatory cooperation of three revolution mechanic 37 and three rotatory mounting groove 28.

The end of the clamping block 33 facing away from the corresponding telescopic inner rod 34 has evenly distributed grooves. The function of the groove design is to increase the clamping force of the clamping block 33 on the part.

The transmission plate 59 is fixedly attached to the corresponding second rotating ring 49 by welding.

The clamping block 33 is shaped and dimensioned in accordance with the prior art, such as a clamping structure of a three-jaw chuck.

The specific working process is as follows: when the tailstock designed by the invention is used, before the tailstock is used, the first taper block 60 or the second taper block 67 is selected according to the shape of the tail end of a machined part or directly clamps an excircle surface, and if the tailstock has a top hole, the first taper block 60 is selected; if sharp corners are present, a second taper 67 is selected, and if neither is present, clamping may be selected; according to different requirements, different modes are selected, and the use is convenient.

If the first taper block 60 is selected, firstly, the adjusting ring 2 is rotated to drive the internal thread sleeve 6 to rotate, the internal thread sleeve 6 rotates to drive the external thread sleeve 7 to slide along the axis of the installation round hole 10 through thread matching, the external thread sleeve 7 slides to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to slide through matching of the pull ring 13 and the annular groove 14, so that the clamping mechanism 17 extends out, then one of the three second adjusting rods 45 in the second tip mechanism 15 is driven to drive the second adjusting rod 45 to drive the third gear 46 to rotate, and the reason for designing the three second adjusting rods 45 is that the operation is convenient; the third gear 46 rotates to drive the second gear ring 44 to rotate, the second gear ring 44 rotates to drive the two fourth gears 50 mounted thereon to rotate around the axis of the second gear ring 44, because the second sliding slot 20 has a limit position for the corresponding mounting slider 61 to slide forward towards the axis of the mounting sleeve 16 at this time, the two fourth gears 50 will first drive the fifth gear ring 58 to rotate, when the fifth gear ring 58 drives the corresponding three eighth gears 55 to rotate, the eighth gear 55 drives the corresponding rack 57 to slide, the rack 57 slides to drive the corresponding guide slide bar 62 to slide along the second sliding slot 20, the guide slide bar 62 slides to drive the corresponding mounting slider 61 to slide along the fourth sliding slot 22, and at this time, the second sliding slot 20 has a limit position for the corresponding mounting slider 61 to slide forward towards the axis of the mounting sleeve 16; the mounting slide block 61 slides to drive the corresponding first conical block 60 to slide; when the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit on the mounting slide block 61, and the mounting slide block 61 can be driven to slide in the third slide groove 21 along the axis of the mounting sleeve 16, so that the three first conical blocks 60 are combined to form a finished ejector rod with a sharp angle; meanwhile, the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit on the mounting slide block 61, the resistance force disappears, and at the moment, the two fourth gears 50 drive the third gear ring 47 to rotate; when the third ring gear 47 rotates, the third ring gear 47 drives the first rotating ring 48 to rotate, and only can rotate because the first rotating ring 48 is limited by the fourth mounting groove 27 formed on the mounting sleeve 16, and the second rotating ring 49 can slide along the guide groove 24 in the fourth mounting groove 27, so that when the first rotating ring 48 is driven to rotate, the first driving ring drives the second rotating ring 49 to slide along the guide groove 24 through thread matching, and the second rotating ring 49 slides and drives the corresponding three transmission plates 59 to slide; therefore, the square ring groove 63 formed on the mounting slider 61 has moved downward to be out of fit with the second square groove 65 formed on the driving plate 59, so that the driving plate 59 moves to drive the three corresponding mounting sliders 61 which are out of fit to move, and the mounting sliders 61 move to drive the three combined first conical blocks 60 to move towards the outer side of the mounting sleeve 16, so as to prop up the part.

Similarly, when the second taper block 67 is selected, firstly, the adjusting ring 2 is rotated to enable the adjusting ring 2 to drive the internal thread sleeve 6 to rotate, the internal thread sleeve 6 rotates to drive the external thread sleeve 7 to slide along the axis of the mounting circular hole 10 through thread matching, the external thread sleeve 7 slides to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to slide through the matching of the pull ring 13 and the annular groove 14, so that the clamping mechanism 17 extends out, then one of the three second adjusting rods 45 in the first tip mechanism 18 is driven to enable the second adjusting rod 45 to drive the third gear 46 to rotate, the third gear 46 rotates to drive the second gear ring 44 to rotate, the second gear ring 44 rotates to drive the two fourth gears 50 mounted thereon to rotate around the axis of the second gear ring 44, the two fourth gears 50 can firstly drive the fifth gear ring 58 to rotate, when the fifth gear ring 58 drives the corresponding three eighth gears 55 to rotate, the eighth gears 55 drive the corresponding racks 57 to slide, the rack 57 slides to drive the corresponding guide sliding rod 62 to slide along the second sliding groove 20, the guide sliding rod 62 slides to drive the corresponding mounting sliding block 61 to slide along the fourth sliding groove 22, and at the moment, the second sliding groove 20 has a limit position for the corresponding mounting sliding block 61 to slide forward towards the axis of the mounting sleeve 16; the mounting slide block 61 slides to drive the corresponding first conical block 60 to slide; when the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit on the mounting slide block 61, and the mounting slide block 61 can be driven to slide in the third slide groove 21 along the axis of the mounting sleeve 16, so that the three second taper blocks 67 are combined to form a finished ejector rod with a concave conical surface; meanwhile, the guide slide rod 62 drives the mounting slide block 61 to slide until the mounting slide block 61 is matched with the corresponding third slide groove 21, the second slide groove 20 loses the limit on the mounting slide block 61, the resistance force disappears, and at the moment, the two fourth gears 50 drive the third gear ring 47 to rotate; when the third ring gear 47 rotates, the third ring gear 47 drives the first rotating ring 48 to rotate, and only can rotate because the first rotating ring 48 is limited by the fourth mounting groove 27 formed on the mounting sleeve 16, and the second rotating ring 49 can slide along the guide groove 24 in the fourth mounting groove 27, so that when the first rotating ring 48 is driven to rotate, the first driving ring drives the second rotating ring 49 to slide along the guide groove 24 through thread matching, and the second rotating ring 49 slides and drives the corresponding three transmission plates 59 to slide; therefore, the square ring groove 63 formed on the mounting slider 61 has moved downward to be out of fit with the second square groove 65 formed on the transmission plate 59, so that the transmission plate 59 moves to drive the three corresponding mounting sliders 61 which are out of fit to move, and the mounting sliders 61 move to drive the three combined second taper blocks 67 to move towards the outer side of the mounting sleeve 16, so as to prop up the part.

When clamping is required, when any one of the three first adjusting rings 2 is driven to rotate, the first adjusting rod 32 will drive the second gear 39 to rotate, the second gear 39 will drive the first gear ring 40 to rotate, the first gear ring 40 will drive the three first gears 38 to rotate, the three first gears 38 will drive the three telescopic sleeves 35 to rotate, because the three telescopic inner rods 34 are in one-to-one corresponding sliding fit with the three guide rods 36, the guide rods 36 are square rods and fixed on the seat body 1, therefore, the three telescopic inner rods 34 can only slide along the axial direction, the three telescopic outer sleeves 35 rotate to drive the three telescopic inner rods 34 to slide along the axial direction through threaded fit, the three telescopic inner rods 34 slide to drive the three clamping blocks 33 to slide towards the radial direction of the mounting round hole 10 formed in the base body 1, and clamping of shaft parts of which the tail parts are not provided with top holes and the lathe centers is realized.