阅读说明：本技术 一种基于预成牙列结构的半成品全口义齿及全口义齿的快速制作方法 (Semi-finished complete denture based on preformed dentition structure and rapid manufacturing method of complete denture ) 是由 吴瑛 刘改丽 张存莉 吴洋 吴庚林 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于预成牙列结构的半成品全口义齿及全口义齿的快速制作方法,旨在准确适配患者的前提下,减轻牙医和技师工作量,减少患者等待时间。该半成品全口义齿包括热固化型树脂材料的预成暂基托和与之固定结合的预成牙列；预成暂基托开设有多个条形孔,其中抛光面一侧的孔口宽度略大于组织面一侧的孔口宽度；位于上颌预成暂基托腭面区的条形孔左右对称分布,其长度方向两端均为闭口；其余区域的条形孔部分或全部在长度方向上的一端到达预成暂基托边缘,形成预成暂基托边缘的开口,另一端为闭口；预成暂基托组织面的唇-腭(舌)、颊-腭(舌)的间距略大于临床全口义齿组织面对应部位的间距,以代替印模托盘的作用,预留出印模材的空间。(The invention provides a semi-finished complete denture based on a preformed dentition structure and a rapid manufacturing method of the complete denture, aiming at reducing the workload of dentists and technicians and reducing the waiting time of a patient on the premise of accurately adapting to the patient. The semi-finished complete denture comprises a preformed temporary base made of thermosetting resin material and preformed dentition fixedly combined with the preformed temporary base; the preformed temporary base support is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped holes, wherein the width of an orifice on one side of the polishing surface is slightly larger than that of an orifice on one side of the tissue surface; the strip-shaped holes positioned in the palate area of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support are distributed in a bilateral symmetry way, and both ends in the length direction are closed; one end of the strip-shaped hole in the rest area partially or completely reaches the edge of the preformed temporary base support in the length direction to form an opening of the edge of the preformed temporary base support, and the other end of the strip-shaped hole is a closed opening; the distance between the lip and the palate (tongue) and the distance between the cheek and the palate (tongue) of the tissue surface of the preformed temporary base support are slightly larger than the distance between the corresponding parts of the tissue surface of the clinical complete denture, so as to replace the effect of an impression tray and reserve the space of an impression material.)

1. A semi-finished complete denture based on preformed dentition structure is characterized in that: comprises a preformed temporary base support and preformed dentition fixedly combined on the preformed temporary base support; the preformed temporary base support is made of a thermosetting resin material;

the palate surface, the cheek surface, the labial surface and the tongue surface, the cheek surface and the labial surface of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support are all provided with a plurality of strip-shaped holes which are communicated from the polishing surface of the base support to the tissue surface of the base support, wherein the width of the orifice on one side of the polishing surface is slightly larger than that of the orifice on one side of the tissue surface, so that the locking effect of the extruded impression material in the preformed temporary base support during the oral operation is facilitated, and the separation of the impression material and the preformed temporary base support is prevented;

the strip-shaped holes positioned in the palatal area of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support are integrally distributed in a left-right symmetrical way by taking the central line of the palate as a boundary, and the two ends of the strip-shaped holes in the length direction are both closed; the other areas of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming strip-shaped holes of the temporary base support, one end of part or all of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming temporary base support in the length direction reaches the edge of the preforming temporary base support to form an opening of the edge of the preforming temporary base support, and the other end of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming temporary base support are closed;

the distance between the lip and the palate and the distance between the cheek and the palate of the upper jaw preformation temporary base support tissue surface and the distance between the lip and the tongue and the cheek and the tongue of the lower jaw preformation temporary base support tissue surface are slightly larger than the distance between the corresponding parts of the clinical complete denture tissue surface, and the space of the impression material is reserved to replace the effect of the impression tray.

2. The semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the palate surface, the cheek surface, the labial surface of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the tongue surface, the cheek surface and the labial surface of the lower jaw preforming temporary base support are respectively provided with one or more circular holes which are communicated with the strip-shaped holes, and the diameter of each circular hole is larger than the width of each strip-shaped hole.

3. A pre-fabricated dentition structure-based semi-finished complete denture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the round hole is positioned at the closed end of the strip-shaped hole; or the closed end and the middle part of the strip-shaped hole are respectively provided with a round hole.

4. A pre-fabricated dentition structure-based semi-finished complete denture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the round hole is 3-4 mm; the width of the orifice of the strip-shaped hole on the base support polishing surface is 2-2.5mm, and the width of the orifice of the corresponding base support tissue surface is 1.5-2 mm.

5. The semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a strip-shaped hole positioned in a palatal area of the maxillary preformation temporary base support is close to one end of a central line of the palate and is 3mm away from the central line of the palate.

6. The semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the lip and the palate and the distance between the cheek and the palate of the upper jaw preformation temporary base tissue surface and the distance between the lip and the tongue and the distance between the cheek and the tongue of the lower jaw preformation temporary base tissue surface are 5-10mm larger than the distance between the corresponding parts of the clinical complete denture tissue surface.

7. The semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower jaw preforming temporary base supports are classified into pointed round, oval round, square round, large, medium and small series according to the shape and size of a dental arch; the preformed temporary bases of the preformed tooth line series with various shapes and sizes are fixedly combined with the preformed tooth line series with various shapes and sizes matched with each other to form a semi-finished complete denture series with a preformed tooth line structure.

8. The semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the preformed temporary base support is 2-3 mm.

9. A rapid manufacturing method of complete denture is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) correspondingly selecting the semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure according to the size of the patient's gum form, wherein the semi-finished complete denture is as claimed in claim 1; the upper jaw part and the lower jaw part of the temporary support are respectively tried on the oral cavity of a patient, the aesthetic requirement of the face of the patient and the relation of the central biting jaw are met as the reference, a sufficient and uniform impression material space is reserved between the tissue surface of the temporary support and the gum of the patient, no contact point and no pain area exist, the tissue surface of the temporary support and the upper and lower jaws of the patient are polished and trimmed when the temporary support is tried on, or the temporary support is taken out after being heated and adjusted to be in the shape of the temporary support which is matched with the shape and size of the upper and lower jaws of the patient but has no contact point, and the temporary support is sterilized for later use;

2) placing the prepared impression material on an upper jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface, wearing the impression material into the oral cavity of a patient to meet the requirements of the patient on the beauty of the face, and then performing muscle function adjustment until the impression material is solidified; then, the adjusted impression material is placed on a lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface, the lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface is worn into the oral cavity of a patient to be in place, the lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface and the upper jaw are used as a middle jaw to bite the jaw, and after muscle function adjustment is carried out, the impression material is taken out respectively after being solidified;

3) and (3) disinfecting the upper jaw false tooth and the lower jaw false tooth of the pre-formed dentition structure, pouring gypsum into the tissue surface of the pre-formed temporary base impression material, finishing the polished surface of the base after the gypsum is solidified, extruding redundant impression materials and gypsum flashes, directly boxing without peeling, unpacking after the boxed gypsum is solidified, removing the impression materials, and directly filling glue and polishing to obtain the complete false tooth.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rapid manufacturing method of a complete denture.

Background

As shown in fig. 1, the surface structure of the complete denture can be divided into three parts, i.e., a tissue surface 1, a polished surface 2, and an occlusal surface 3.

The Tissue Surface (Tissue Surface) is the Surface of the denture base that is in intimate contact with the underlying tissues such as the alveolar ridge and palate. The tissue region under the base is called a Denture Bearing Area (Denture Bearing Area), and the load borne by the Denture during its function is transmitted to the supporting tissue through the tissue surface. The tissue surface is also the primary site for the denture to gain retention.

The Polishing Surface, also known as Polishing Surface, is the Surface of the denture that contacts the soft tissues and muscles of the lips, cheeks, and tongue, as shown in fig. 2. The polishing surface should be formed with a suitable concave slope to facilitate attachment of the denture base to the alveolar ridge by the action of the labial, buccal and lingual muscles, thereby enhancing the retention of the denture. The inward force of the labial and buccal muscles is balanced with the outward force of the tongue muscles to keep the denture level stable.

The Occlusal Surface (Occlusal Surface) is the Surface of artificial teeth of the upper and lower jaw dentures which are in occlusion contact. When biting, the biting pressure generated by the masticatory muscle is transmitted to the denture supporting tissue in contact with the base tissue surface through the occlusal surface of the artificial tooth. The denture prosthesis should have a wide and balanced occlusal contact so that the occlusal pressure is evenly distributed over the supporting tissue, which is beneficial to the stability of the denture.

The complete denture comprises a base and dentition (the dentition is fixed on the base and corresponds to an occlusal surface); the polishing surface of the maxillary denture base comprises a surface which is contacted with labial surface, cheek soft tissues and a palate part, and the polishing surface of the mandibular denture base is a surface which is contacted with labial surface, cheek soft tissues and tongue soft tissues.

At present, when a complete denture of a complete mouth patient without a jaw is repaired, a dentist needs to take a primary impression firstly, pour gypsum into the primary impression, draw a line on a gypsum model to design and then make a temporary base (also called a temporary base), take a fine final impression by using the temporary base, pour gypsum into the final impression, draw a line again to design and make a wax base and a wax lifter, wear the temporary base into the mouth of the patient to find and determine the jaw biting relationship, use a wax base to support a jaw rack, send the wax base to a dental laboratory or a denture processing factory to finish tooth arrangement of the wax base, and try on and modify the oral cavity of the patient.

However, most patients in clinic often cannot achieve the biting relation position of the upper and lower teeth and the satisfactory facial aesthetic effect of the patient at one time, and the patients often need to repeatedly go and go between a clinical consulting room and a denture processing factory, re-mount the jaw frame, re-arrange the teeth, repeatedly try on until the biting relation is correct, and the appearance of the denture row is satisfactory to the patient, and then can be packed, filled with glue and polished. The whole process needs a plurality of days, and has various working procedures and longer time consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel complete denture manufacturing method, which reduces the workload of dentists and technicians and reduces the waiting time of patients on the premise of accurately adapting to the patients.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a semi-finished complete denture based on a preformed dentition structure is characterized in that: comprises a preformed temporary base support and preformed dentition fixedly combined on the preformed temporary base support; the preformed temporary base is made of a thermosetting resin material (the material of the preformed temporary base is the same as that of a clinical complete denture base);

the palate surface, the cheek surface, the labial surface and the tongue surface, the cheek surface and the labial surface of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support are all provided with a plurality of strip-shaped holes which are communicated from the polishing surface of the base support to the tissue surface of the base support, wherein the width of the orifice on one side of the polishing surface is slightly larger than that of the orifice on one side of the tissue surface, so that the locking effect of the extruded impression material in the preformed temporary base support during the oral operation is facilitated, and the separation of the impression material and the preformed temporary base support is prevented;

the strip-shaped holes positioned in the palatal area of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support are integrally distributed in a left-right symmetrical way by taking the central line of the palate as a boundary, and the two ends of the strip-shaped holes in the length direction are both closed; the other areas of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming strip-shaped holes of the temporary base support, one end of part or all of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming temporary base support in the length direction reaches the edge of the preforming temporary base support to form an opening of the edge of the preforming temporary base support, and the other end of the upper jaw preforming temporary base support and the lower jaw preforming temporary base support are closed;

the distance between the lip and the palate and the distance between the cheek and the palate of the upper jaw preformation temporary base support tissue surface and the distance between the lip and the tongue and the cheek and the tongue of the lower jaw preformation temporary base support tissue surface are slightly larger than the distance between the corresponding parts of the clinical complete denture tissue surface, and the space of the impression material is reserved to replace the effect of the impression tray.

Preferably, the palatal surface, the buccal surface and the labial surface of the upper jaw pre-forming temporary base support and the lingual surface, the buccal surface and the labial surface of the lower jaw pre-forming temporary base support are respectively provided with one or more circular holes communicated with the strip-shaped holes, and the diameter of each circular hole is larger than the width of each strip-shaped hole.

Preferably, the circular hole is positioned at the closed end of the strip-shaped hole; or the closed end and the middle part of the strip-shaped hole are respectively provided with a round hole.

Preferably, the diameter of the round hole is 3-4 mm; the width of the orifice of the strip-shaped hole on the base support polishing surface is 2-2.5mm, and the width of the orifice of the corresponding base support tissue surface is 1.5-2 mm.

Preferably, the strip-shaped hole in the palatal area of the maxillary prefrostral base plate is close to one end of the palatal midline and is 3mm away from the palatal midline.

Preferably, the distance between the lip and the palate of the upper jaw pre-temporary base tissue surface, the distance between the cheek and the palate of the lower jaw pre-temporary base tissue surface, and the distance between the lip and the tongue of the lower jaw pre-temporary base tissue surface are 5-10mm larger than the distance between the corresponding parts of the clinical complete denture tissue surface.

Preferably, the upper and lower jaw preformation temporary base brackets are classified into pointed circular, oval circular, square circular and large, medium and small series (specifications) according to the shape and size of the dental arch; the preformed temporary bases of the preformed tooth line series with various shapes and sizes are fixedly combined with the preformed tooth line series with various shapes and sizes matched with each other to form a semi-finished complete denture series with a preformed tooth line structure.

Preferably, the thickness of the preformed temporary base is 2-3 mm.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a rapid manufacturing method of the complete denture, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) correspondingly selecting the semi-finished complete denture based on the preformed dentition structure according to the form size of the patient's teethridge (the form size of the semi-finished complete denture is matched with or close to the form size of the patient's teethridge); the upper jaw part and the lower jaw part of the temporary base support are respectively tried on the oral cavity of a patient, the aesthetic requirement of the face of the patient and the relation of the central biting jaw are taken as references, enough uniform impression material space is reserved between the tissue surface of the temporary base support and the tissue surface area of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient corresponding to the tissue surface, no contact point and no pain area exist, the tissue surface of the temporary base support is polished and trimmed to the position where the contact point or the position where the contact point does not exist between the tissue surface of the temporary base support and the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient during trying on, or the temporary base support is taken out after being heated and adjusted to the shape of the temporary base support which;

2) placing the prepared impression material on an upper jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface, wearing the impression material into the oral cavity of a patient to meet the requirements of the patient on the beauty of the face, and then performing muscle function adjustment until the impression material is solidified; then, the adjusted impression material is placed on a lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface, the lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface is worn into the oral cavity of a patient to be in place, the lower jaw pre-forming temporary base tissue surface and the upper jaw are used as a middle jaw to bite the jaw, and after muscle function adjustment is carried out, the impression material is taken out respectively after being solidified;

3) and (3) disinfecting the upper jaw false tooth and the lower jaw false tooth of the pre-formed dentition structure, pouring gypsum into the tissue surface of the pre-formed temporary base impression material, finishing the polished surface of the base after the gypsum is solidified, extruding redundant impression materials and gypsum flashes, directly boxing without peeling, unpacking after the boxed gypsum is solidified, removing the impression materials, and directly filling glue and polishing to obtain the complete false tooth.

The invention has the following advantages:

the semi-finished complete denture based on the pre-formed dentition structure can directly establish a correct and stable biting jaw relation, and the temporary base support with the holes naturally locks the correct position of the lower jaw in the central biting jaw relation through the stable biting jaw relation of the pre-formed upper dentition and the pre-formed lower dentition when taking an impression, thereby omitting complex operation procedures of initial impression, final impression, gypsum perfusion, wax tray wax extraction, denture wax tray tooth arrangement of a denture processing factory, repeated biting jaw relation confirmation and the like, taking and wearing teeth on the same day, greatly reducing the workload of doctors and technicians, and saving a large amount of round-trip time for patients.

For a patient with complete dentition loss, the skin beautifying effect of the complete denture after wearing can be experienced in the first time of initial diagnosis, the repair confidence of the patient is enhanced, and the complete denture can be quickly repaired on the day of taking a dental model.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a basic structure diagram of a complete denture. Wherein, 1-tissue surface, 2-polishing surface, 3-occlusal surface, 101-palatal surface (palate) area of tissue surface, 201-palatal surface (palate) area of polishing surface, 202-lingual surface area of polishing surface, 203-buccal surface area of polishing surface.

Fig. 2 shows the direction of the force applied by the buccolingual muscles to the polishing surface of the denture.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an upper jaw polishing surface according to an embodiment of the invention; wherein, 4-strip-shaped holes and 5-round holes.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a maxillary buccal surface according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, 401-strip hole open end (preformed temporary base edge opening).

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mandibular buccal surface of one embodiment of the present invention; wherein, 401-strip hole open end (preformed temporary base edge opening).

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that these examples are provided only to more fully explain the features of the present application and are not intended to limit the claims of the present application.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the present embodiment employs a semi-finished complete denture based on a preformed dentition structure, which includes a preformed temporary base and a preformed dentition fixedly combined on the preformed temporary base; the thickness of the preformed temporary base is 2-3mm, and the thermosetting resin material which is the same as the material of the clinical complete denture base is adopted.

The palate surface, the cheek surface, the labial surface of the upper jaw preformed temporary base support and the tongue surface, the cheek surface and the labial surface of the lower jaw preformed temporary base support are all provided with a plurality of strip-shaped holes which penetrate from the base support polishing surface to the base support tissue surface; the width (about 2-2.5mm) of the orifice of the strip-shaped hole on the polished surface of the base support is slightly larger than the width (about 1.5-2mm) of the orifice on the tissue surface of the base support, so that the locking effect after the extrusion of the impression material in the preformed temporary base support during the oral operation is facilitated, and the separation of the impression material and the preformed temporary base support is prevented. The strip-shaped holes in the palatal area of the upper jaw pre-forming temporary base support are transverse strip-shaped holes from the same teeth on the left side and the right side to the same teeth, two rows of left-right symmetry are formed by taking the central line of the palate as a boundary, and two ends in the length direction of the strip-shaped holes are closed. The two ends of the strip-shaped hole of the rest part of the upper and lower jaw preformed temporary base support in the length direction are respectively a closed end and an open end, the closed end is positioned in the middle position below the neck of each denture of the dentition, and the edge of the preformed temporary base support is reached from the closed end to the open end to form an opening at the edge of the preformed temporary base support.

For the strip-shaped hole which is arranged and runs through from the base support polishing surface to the base support tissue surface, one or more circular holes with slightly larger size are also arranged to be connected and run through with the hole, so that on one hand, the preformed temporary base support of the preformed dentition is easier to deform, which is beneficial to polishing, trimming or heating and adjusting operation, and on the other hand, the locking effect can be realized when the impression is taken from the mouth, which is beneficial to preventing the impression material from dislocation and separation in the length direction of the strip-shaped hole. For example, the closed end and the middle section of the strip-shaped hole are respectively provided with a round hole with the diameter of about 3-4 mm.

The upper and lower jaw preformed temporary base supports are divided into pointed circular, oval circular, square circular, large, medium and small series according to the shape and size of a dental arch, and the distance between the lip and the palate (tongue) and the distance between the cheek and the palate (tongue) of each series of preformed temporary base supports are about 5-10mm larger than the distance between the same parts of a clinical complete denture so as to replace the effect of an impression tray. The preformed temporary bases of the preformed tooth arrays are fixedly combined with the preformed tooth arrays of the matched shapes and sizes to form a semi-finished complete denture series with a preformed tooth array structure.

The preformed temporary base with strip-shaped holes can replace the functions of a tray and a wax base in the traditional scheme. The preformed temporary base support with the preformed dentition has the function of taking an impression, and can be adjusted into a personalized tray more suitable for a patient by heating, molding or grinding due to the arrangement of the edge opening; the preformed dentition can replace the manufacture of a wax dike to directly confirm the median occlusal relationship of upper and lower jaws, and a series of complicated work such as tooth arrangement and the like in a denture processing factory is omitted.

From the manufacturing process, the prefabricated semi-finished complete denture is mainly characterized in that the temporary base is made of thermosetting resin materials, finished dentures are arranged, and a standardized die is used for molding to form the semi-finished complete denture based on the prefabricated dentition structure. The complete denture can be manufactured manually and individually, and the pre-formed semi-finished complete denture can be manufactured in batches due to die forming, so that the efficiency is extremely high.

In clinical use, the complete denture is manufactured according to the following steps:

1) the semi-finished upper and lower jaw false teeth based on the preformed dentition structure are respectively tried on the oral cavity of a patient, the requirements on the beauty of the face of the patient and the median occlusion relation are met as the reference, a roughly uniform impression material space is reserved between the tissue surface of the temporary base support and the dental bed of the patient, no contact point and no pain area exist, the tissue surface of the temporary base support and the upper and lower jaws of the patient are polished and trimmed when the temporary base support is tried on, or the temporary base support is heated by an alcohol lamp and adjusted to be in the shape which is matched with the shape of the upper and lower jaws of the patient but has no contact point, and then the temporary base support is taken out for disinfection and.

2) Placing the prepared impression material on the temporary maxillary base tissue surface, putting the impression material into the oral cavity of a patient to meet the aesthetic requirements of the patient on the face, and then performing muscle function adjustment until the impression material is solidified; then, the prepared impression material is placed on the tissue surface of the mandibular temporary base, put into the oral cavity of a patient in place, and is centrally occluded with the maxillary dentition, and the muscle function is adjusted until the impression material is solidified and then taken out respectively.

3) And (3) disinfecting the upper jaw false tooth and the lower jaw false tooth of the pre-formed dentition structure which are taken out, pouring gypsum into the temporary base, finishing the polished surface of the base after the gypsum is solidified, extruding redundant impression materials and gypsum flashes, directly boxing without peeling, opening the box after the boxed gypsum is solidified, removing the impression materials, and directly filling glue and polishing to obtain the complete denture.

From the whole fabrication process of complete dentures, the present embodiment is just opposite to the conventional scheme in several main steps:

the traditional scheme is as follows: firstly taking an impression, making a wax tray and carrying out wax extraction, preliminarily identifying the central biting jaw relation by trying in the mouth, arranging teeth of an oral outer upper jaw frame, secondarily identifying the central biting jaw relation by trying in the mouth, repeatedly determining the biting jaw relation by adjusting, and packing and filling glue.

The embodiment is as follows: the temporary preformed base support and the preformed dentition are directly fixed with the jaw biting relationship of the upper dentition and the lower dentition, then the impression is taken, the correct position of the lower jaw in the middle jaw biting relationship position is confirmed at the same time, and the boxing and glue filling are finished.

By adopting the scheme of the embodiment, complex operation steps of initial impression, final impression, plaster pouring, wax tray wax extraction, false tooth processing factory wax tray tooth arrangement, repeated jaw relation confirmation and the like of a clinical dentist can be omitted, the model can be taken and worn on the same day, the workload of doctors and technicians is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, a large amount of round trip time is saved for patients. For a patient with complete dentition loss, the skin beautifying effect of the complete denture after wearing can be experienced in the first time of initial diagnosis, the repair confidence of the patient is enhanced, and the complete denture can be quickly repaired on the day of taking a dental model.