阅读说明：本技术 一种基于数控机床的自动冷扩孔设备及其使用方法 (Automatic cold reaming equipment based on numerical control machine tool and use method thereof ) 是由 潘崇恺 李鑫 位申申 夏远猛 李颖 贾永峰 张锐扬 昌广春 于 2021-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于数控机床的自动冷扩孔设备及其使用方法,属于机械加工领域。包括壳体、设置在壳体内的传动机构和挤压杆；传动机构包括丝杠、螺母和固定设置的轴承,丝杠的上下两端与轴承转动连接,丝杠上端又与机床的刀套固定连接；螺母固定连接在丝杠上；螺母一侧固定连接有滑块,壳体底部设有一导向套,所述挤压杆上端与滑块固定连接,下端穿过导向套伸出壳体外部,挤压杆的下端连接有用于冷挤压的开缝衬套,刀套带动丝杠转动,使螺母带动滑块上的挤压杆上下往复做直线运动。本发明通过数控系统中NC的指令,能够精确地控制挤压杆的位移量,且本装置体积小,传动结构简单,适用范围广,通过更换不同端头的挤压杆可进行不同孔径的扩孔。(The invention discloses automatic cold reaming equipment based on a numerical control machine tool and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of machining. Comprises a shell, a transmission mechanism and an extrusion rod which are arranged in the shell; the transmission mechanism comprises a lead screw, a nut and a bearing which is fixedly arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the lead screw are rotationally connected with the bearing, and the upper end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with a cutter sleeve of the machine tool; the nut is fixedly connected to the screw rod; the screw rod extruding machine is characterized in that a sliding block is fixedly connected to one side of a nut, a guide sleeve is arranged at the bottom of a shell, the upper end of an extruding rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block, the lower end of the extruding rod penetrates through the guide sleeve and extends out of the shell, a slotted bush for cold extrusion is connected to the lower end of the extruding rod, and a cutter sleeve drives a screw rod to rotate so that the nut drives the extruding rod on the sliding block to reciprocate up and down to move linearly. The device can accurately control the displacement of the extrusion rod through the instruction of the NC in the numerical control system, has small volume, simple transmission structure and wide application range, and can perform reaming of different apertures by replacing extrusion rods with different ends.)

1. The utility model provides an automatic cold reaming equipment based on digit control machine tool which characterized in that: comprises a shell, a transmission mechanism and an extrusion rod (5) which are arranged in the shell; the transmission mechanism comprises a lead screw (3), a nut (10) and a bearing, the bearing is fixedly arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the lead screw (3) are rotatably connected with the bearing, and the upper end of the lead screw (3) is fixedly connected with a cutter sleeve (9) of the machine tool; the nut (10) is fixedly connected to the screw rod (3); nut (10) one side fixedly connected with slider (4), casing bottom are equipped with a uide bushing (12), extrusion stem (5) upper end is connected with slider (4), and the lower extreme passes uide bushing (12) stretch out the casing outside, and the lower extreme of extrusion stem (5) is connected with and is used for cold extruded slotted bush (11), and knife pouch (9) drive lead screw (3) and rotate, makes nut (10) drive extrusion stem (5) on slider (4) reciprocate from top to bottom and be linear motion.

2. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casing includes cavity (1) and cavity (2) down, goes up cavity (1) and cavity (2) down and passes through long screw fixed connection, and the upper surface of going up cavity (1) is equipped with locating pin (8), inside locating pin (8) were used for inserting the epaxial location frock of lathe main, prevented that casing and main shaft from taking place relative motion.

3. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: the novel bearing is characterized in that an upper bearing (6) is arranged in the upper cavity (1), a lower bearing (7) is arranged in the lower cavity (2), retainer rings are arranged in the upper cavity (1) and the lower cavity (2) and used for axially positioning the bearings, the two ends of the lead screw (3) are polished rods, and shaft shoulders are arranged on the polished rods at the two ends and used for limiting the axial displacement of the upper bearing (6) and the lower bearing (7) respectively.

4. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end face of the nut (10) is provided with a threaded hole, and the nut (10) and the sliding block (4) are fixedly connected together through a screw.

5. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the upper bearing (6) and the lower bearing (7) are both deep groove ball bearings.

6. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall both sides of cavity (2) are equipped with the guide rail down, slider (4) both sides be equipped with the guide way with guide rail sliding connection.

7. The automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: a vertical threaded through hole is formed in the sliding block (4), and the upper end of the extrusion rod (5) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (4) through threads.

8. The use method of the automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that the automatic cold reaming equipment comprises a shell, a lead screw nut mechanism arranged in the shell and an extrusion rod (5) used for cold extrusion;

the lead screw nut mechanism is arranged in a shell, the bearing is arranged on polish rods at two ends of a lead screw (3), and the lead screw nut mechanism is positioned through a shaft shoulder on the lead screw (3) and a check ring in the shell; the sliding block (4) is arranged on a nut (10) of the screw-nut mechanism through a screw, and the sliding block (4) slides on a guide rail of the shell; an extrusion rod (5) for cold extrusion is arranged on the sliding block (4) through a thread pair; when in use, the shell is fixed on a main shaft of a machine tool through a positioning pin (8) on the shell, and a cutter sleeve (9) on the main shaft is arranged at the upper end of a screw rod (3) through a nut pair; the extrusion rod (5) is driven to move up and down through the rotation of the machine tool spindle rotation control nut pair, a slotted bushing (11) installed on the extrusion rod (5) is extruded into a part hole site, the machine tool spindle rotates reversely to drive the extrusion rod (5) to retract, the slotted bushing (11) is left in the part hole site, and the cold extrusion of the part hole site is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to automatic cold reaming equipment based on a numerical control machine tool and a using method thereof.

Background

The cold extrusion process with slotted bush is a technological process for raising service life of airplane structural member, and is extensively used in the field of aeronautical manufacture and maintenance. The extrusion tool with the slotted bushing is inserted into the hole of the part, so that the inner hole is subjected to plastic expansion, and a circle of residual compressive stress layer is formed at the edge of the hole, so that the tensile stress borne by the part can be reduced, the fatigue strength of the stressed part is improved, and the service life is prolonged. In actual operation, the hydraulic extrusion gun is usually held by an operator to perform reaming manually. The method has the problems of long time consumption and low efficiency, the manual operation is influenced by the skill proficiency of operators, the reaming quality cannot be effectively guaranteed, and the risk of part damage is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, time consumption is long, efficiency is low and reaming quality cannot be effectively guaranteed due to human factors in cold extrusion reaming of parts.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an automatic cold reaming equipment based on digit control machine tool which characterized in that: comprises a shell, a transmission mechanism and an extrusion rod which are arranged in the shell; the transmission mechanism comprises a lead screw, a nut and a bearing, the bearing is fixedly arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the lead screw are rotatably connected with the bearing, and the upper end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with a cutter sleeve of the machine tool; the nut is fixedly connected to the screw rod; the screw rod extruding device comprises a nut, a sliding block, a guide sleeve, an extruding rod, a cutter sleeve and a guide sleeve, wherein the sliding block is fixedly connected to one side of the nut, the bottom of a shell is provided with the guide sleeve, the upper end of the extruding rod is connected with the sliding block, the lower end of the extruding rod penetrates through the guide sleeve and extends out of the shell, the lower end of the extruding rod is connected with a slotted bush for cold extrusion, and the cutter sleeve drives a screw rod to rotate so that the nut drives the extruding rod on the sliding block to reciprocate up and down to move linearly.

Further, the shell comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are fixedly connected through a long screw, a positioning pin is arranged on the upper surface of the upper cavity, and the positioning pin is used for being inserted into a positioning tool on a machine tool spindle to prevent the shell and the spindle from moving relatively.

Further, an upper bearing is arranged in the upper cavity, a lower bearing is arranged in the lower cavity, retainer rings are arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity and used for axially positioning the bearings, the two ends of the screw rod are both polished rods, and shaft shoulders are arranged on the polished rods at the two ends and used for limiting the axial displacement of the upper bearing and the lower bearing respectively.

Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in the end face of the nut, and the nut and the sliding block are fixedly connected together through a screw.

Further, the upper bearing and the lower bearing are both deep groove ball bearings.

Furthermore, guide rails are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the lower cavity, and guide grooves are arranged on two sides of the sliding block and are in sliding connection with the guide rails.

Furthermore, a vertical threaded through hole is formed in the sliding block, and the upper end of the extrusion rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block through threads.

The invention also provides a use method of the automatic cold reaming equipment based on the numerical control machine tool, wherein the automatic cold reaming equipment comprises a shell, a lead screw nut mechanism arranged in the shell and an extrusion rod for cold extrusion;

the lead screw nut mechanism is arranged in a shell, the bearing is arranged on polish rods at two ends of a lead screw, and the lead screw nut mechanism is positioned through a shaft shoulder on the lead screw and a retainer ring in the shell; the sliding block is arranged on a nut of the screw nut mechanism through a screw, and slides on a guide rail of the shell; an extrusion rod for cold extrusion is arranged on the sliding block through a thread pair; when the tool is used, the shell is fixed on a main shaft of a machine tool through a positioning pin on the shell, and a tool sleeve on the main shaft is arranged at the upper end of a screw rod through a nut pair; the extrusion rod is driven to move up and down by the rotation of the machine tool spindle rotation control nut pair, the slotted bush arranged on the extrusion rod is extruded into the part hole site, the spindle rotates reversely to drive the extrusion rod to retract, and the slotted bush is remained in the part hole site to finish the cold extrusion of the part hole site.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts a screw-nut pair transmission structure, drives the extrusion tool to reciprocate up and down through the positive and negative rotation of the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, and effectively eliminates the defects of long time consumption of manual operation, low efficiency and incapability of ensuring the reaming quality;

2. according to the invention, the position of the extrusion rod and the displacement of the extrusion rod can be accurately controlled through the instruction of the NC in the numerical control system;

3. the automatic reaming equipment has the advantages of small volume, simple transmission structure, safety, reliability and wide application range, and can ream holes with different apertures by replacing extrusion rods with different ends.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the transmission structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the device and the knife pouch;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

1. the device comprises an upper cavity, 2, a lower cavity, 3, a lead screw, 4, a sliding block, 5, an extrusion rod, 6, an upper bearing, 7, a lower bearing, 8, a positioning pin, 9, a cutter sleeve, 10, a nut, 11, a slotting bush, 12 and a guide sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses automatic cold reaming equipment based on a numerical control machine tool, which is mainly used for cold extrusion reaming of airplane parts. The device comprises a housing, a transmission mechanism arranged in the housing and a squeezing rod 5 for cold squeezing. The transmission mechanism and the pressing rod 5 are arranged in parallel inside the housing.

The transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod 3, a nut 10 and a bearing, the bearing is fixedly arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the screw rod 3 are rotatably connected with the bearing, and the upper end of the screw rod 3 is fixedly connected with a cutter sleeve 9 of the machine tool through threads; the nut 10 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 3; the nut 10 one side fixedly connected with slider 4, the casing bottom is equipped with a uide bushing 12, 5 upper ends and the slider 4 fixed connection of extrusion stem, and the lower extreme passes uide bushing 12 stretches out the casing outside, and the lower extreme of extrusion stem 5 is connected with and is used for cold extruded's the bush 11 that cracks.

Furthermore, a vertical threaded through hole is formed in the sliding block 4, the upper end of the extrusion rod 5 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 4 through threads, and reaming in different apertures can be performed by replacing different extrusion rods 5.

The spindle of the machine tool rotates to drive the cutter sleeve 9 to rotate, the cutter sleeve 9 drives the screw rod 3 to rotate, and the nut 10 drives the extrusion rod 5 on the sliding block 4 to reciprocate up and down to make linear motion.

The casing includes cavity 1 and cavity 2 down, goes up cavity 1 and cavity 2 down and is the cavity structure to alleviate the device weight, go up cavity 1 and cavity 2 down and pass through long screw fixed connection, the upper surface of going up cavity 1 is equipped with locating pin 8, locating pin 8 is used for inserting inside the main epaxial location frock of lathe, and the casing takes place relative motion with the main shaft when preventing to rotate.

Further, an upper bearing 6 is arranged in the upper cavity 1, a lower bearing 7 is arranged in the lower cavity 2, retainer rings are arranged in the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 2 and are respectively used for axially positioning the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7, both ends of the lead screw 3 are polished rods, and shaft shoulders are arranged on the polished rods at both ends and are respectively used for limiting the axial displacement of the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7.

Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in the end face of the nut 10, and the nut 10 and the slider 4 are fixedly connected together through a screw.

Further, in the present embodiment, the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7 are both deep groove ball bearings.

Furthermore, guide rails are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the lower cavity 2, and guide grooves are arranged on two sides of the sliding block 4 and are in sliding connection with the guide rails.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a use method of automatic cold reaming equipment based on a numerical control machine tool, and the automatic cold reaming equipment comprises a shell, a screw rod 3 and nut 10 mechanism arranged in the shell and an extrusion rod 5 used for cold extrusion;

a screw rod 3 and a nut 10 mechanism are arranged in a shell, bearings are arranged on polish rods at two ends of the screw rod 3, and positioning is carried out through a shaft shoulder on the screw rod 3 and a check ring in the shell; the sliding block 4 is arranged on a nut 10 of a nut 10 mechanism of the lead screw 3 through a screw, and the sliding block 4 slides on a guide rail of the shell; an extrusion rod 5 for cold extrusion is arranged on the sliding block 4 through a thread pair; when in use, the shell is fixed on a main shaft of a machine tool through a positioning pin 8 on the shell, and a cutter sleeve 9 on the main shaft is arranged at the upper end of a screw rod 3 through a nut 10 pair; the extrusion rod 5 is driven to move up and down through the auxiliary rotation of the machine tool spindle rotation control nut 10, the slotted bush 11 installed on the extrusion rod 5 is extruded into a part hole site, the spindle rotates reversely to drive the extrusion rod 5 to retract, and the slotted bush 11 is left in the part hole site to finish the cold extrusion of the part hole site.

The invention adopts a screw-nut pair transmission structure, and drives an extrusion tool to reciprocate up and down through positive and negative rotation of a numerical control machine tool spindle. The defects that manual operation is long in time consumption, low in efficiency and incapable of guaranteeing reaming quality are effectively overcome. The position of the extrusion rod and the displacement of the extrusion rod can be accurately controlled by the instruction of the NC in the numerical control system. The invention has small volume, simple transmission structure, safety and reliability. The application range is wide, and the chambering with different apertures can be carried out by replacing the extrusion rods with different ends.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.