阅读说明：本技术 具有机电促动器、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器 (Disk brake with an electromechanical actuator, in particular an electromechanical parking brake actuator ) 是由 保尔·亨宁 于 2020-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有机电促动器(2)、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器(1),其中盘式制动器(1)具有力传递装置(3),机电促动器(2)与力传递装置(3)沿着盘式制动器(1)的轴线(X)作用连接,力传递装置(3)被设立为通过两个制动衬片(4、4a)来压紧制动盘,并且机电促动器(2)包括如下特征：-驱动轴(6)；-布置在驱动轴(6)上的电马达(7)；-布置在从动轴(49)上的凸轮盘(5)；-和布置在驱动轴(6)上的传动机构(8),以便用于将电马达(7)的转矩传递到力传递装置(3)上。(The invention relates to a disc brake (1) having an electromechanical actuator (2), in particular an electromechanical parking brake actuator, wherein the disc brake (1) has a force transmission device (3), wherein the electromechanical actuator (2) is operatively connected to the force transmission device (3) along an axis (X) of the disc brake (1), wherein the force transmission device (3) is designed to press a brake disc by means of two brake linings (4, 4a), and wherein the electromechanical actuator (2) comprises the following features: -a drive shaft (6); -an electric motor (7) arranged on the drive shaft (6); -a cam disc (5) arranged on a driven shaft (49); and a transmission mechanism (8) arranged on the drive shaft (6) for transmitting the torque of the electric motor (7) to the force transmission device (3).)

1. Disc brake (1) having an electromechanical actuator (2), in particular an electromechanical parking brake actuator, wherein the disc brake (1) has a force transmission device (3), the electromechanical actuator (2) being in operative connection with the force transmission device (3) along an axis (X) of the disc brake (1), the force transmission device (3) being established to press a brake disc by means of two brake linings (4, 4a), and the electromechanical actuator (2) comprising the following features:

-a drive shaft (6);

-an electric motor (7) arranged on the drive shaft (6);

-a cam disc (5) arranged on the driven shaft (49);

-and a transmission mechanism (8) arranged on the drive shaft (6) for transmitting the torque of the electric motor (7) to the force transmission device (3),

characterized in that the electromechanical actuator (2) has an electromagnetic brake (20), and the electromagnetic brake (20) is arranged on the drive shaft (6) in a form-fitting manner between the electric motor (7) and a drive shaft output (A).

2. The disc brake (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake (20) is arranged between the electric motor (7) and the cam disc (5) on the drive shaft (6) in a form-locking manner, and that the electromagnetic brake (20) locks the cam disc (5) by means of the drive shaft (6) during a parking brake function.

3. The disc brake (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake (20) is arranged axially on a transmission input (8a) on the drive shaft (6) on the opposite side of the electric motor (7) in a form-locking manner, and the electromagnetic brake (20) locks the cam disc (5) by means of the drive shaft (6) during a parking brake function.

4. The disc brake (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake (20) is configured as a force-locking friction brake.

5. The disc brake (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake (20) configured as a force-locking friction brake has a friction disc (25) with friction linings (21, 21a) arranged opposite on both sides of the friction disc (25), and in that the friction disc (25) is arranged on the drive shaft (6), in the electric motor (7) or in an electromagnetic brake housing (22).

6. The disc brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive shaft (6) has a receptacle (10) for a tool on a drive shaft output end (a) for the mechanical release of the brake linings (4, 4a) from the brake disc.

7. The disc brake (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the receptacle (10) is configured as a hexagon.

8. The disc brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake housing (22) has a bearing (12) for accommodating a journal (12a) of the drive shaft (6).

9. The disc brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive shaft (6), the electric motor (7), the electromagnetic brake (20) and the transmission mechanism (8) are arranged horizontally or vertically in the electromechanical actuator (2) relative to the brake lining (4, 4 a).

10. The disc brake (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an electromagnetic brake (20) designed as a force-locking friction brake additionally has an electromagnetic coil (24), a movable armature (25), a friction disc (26) arranged between the friction linings (21, 21a), and a compression spring (27) for pressing the friction linings (21, 21a) against the friction disc (26) in the electromagnetic brake housing (22).

11. The disc brake of any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromagnetic brake (20) is configured to fix the cam disc (5) relative to the electric motor (7) independently of the direction of rotation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a disc brake with an electromechanical actuator for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle.

Background

Electromechanical actuators for operating braking devices are well known. Electromechanical actuators generally comprise: an electric motor for generating a drive torque; a gear mechanism, in particular a gear mechanism with a cam disk, is provided in order to convert the drive torque, i.e. the rotational movement, into a translational movement for the actuating unit. The adjusting unit presses the brake disk during a braking process by means of the two brake linings. For braking the vehicle, the electromechanical actuator has a parking lock. In particular, brakes are present for braking the electromechanical actuator. Switchable brakes are generally known in the field of vehicle technology. A switchable brake is understood to mean a brake which can connect and interrupt a force flow between a shaft on the output side and a drive shaft.

A brake designed as a parking lock is known, for example, from DE19955080a 1. A brake configured as a parking lock mechanism is also colloquially referred to as a brake. The brake is directly connected to the electric motor. The brake and the electric motor are jointly built into the housing. The spindle drive is braked by a drive shaft which is arranged horizontally with respect to the brake lining and which converts the rotary motion of the electric motor into a translatory motion. The brake works with an expansion device which, depending on the direction of rotation, causes the brake to open.

EP0275783B1 shows another arrangement of the brake in an electromechanical actuator. The brake brakes the ball screw drive, which presses the brake disk via the brake lining.

In DE19650405a1, the ball screw drive is likewise braked horizontally with respect to the brake lining by the brake in order to realize a parking lock. However, in contrast to EP0275783B1, this brake is designed as a (formschlussig) brake which is form-locking with the gear.

DE19752543a1 generally describes an electromagnetic brake for an electromechanical actuator, in which the rotary motion of an electric motor is fixed directly by means of the electromagnetic brake and a movable pin. The pin is here at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the shaft of the electric motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The task of the invention is that: the prior art mentioned in the present application is overcome and a disc brake with an electromechanical actuator, in particular an electromechanical parking brake actuator, is provided which is compact, inexpensive and has an easy-to-use emergency unlocking device.

This task is solved by: the disk brake has an electromechanical actuator which has an electromagnetic brake, a drive shaft, a transmission and an electric motor, and the electromagnetic brake is arranged on the drive shaft in a form-fitting manner between the electric motor and a drive shaft output of the drive shaft. In order to implement the parking brake function with an electromechanical actuator when the vehicle is parked and de-energized, a form or force lock must be achieved by means of an electromagnetic brake. The electromagnetic brake is preferably arranged in the region of the torque flow/force flow of the electromechanical actuator, i.e. on the drive shaft between the electric motor and the drive shaft output in a form-fitting manner, wherein the torque to be transmitted by the electromagnetic brake is minimal in order to keep the components of the electromagnetic brake as small as possible and inexpensive. A torque to be transmitted directly to the electric motor by the transmission designed as a reduction gear is to be understood as a torque.

In one embodiment, the torque to be transmitted by the electromagnetic brake is lowest on the drive shaft between the electric motor and the cam disk. During the parking brake function, the electromagnetic brake locks the cam disc by means of the driveshaft and the transmission. The torque to be braked is lowest in the electric motor. The electric motor preferably has a torque of approximately 10Nm, which is converted by the gear mechanism preferably at 1:25, so that the electric motor generates up to 250Nm of torque on the cam disk in the case of an electromechanical parking actuator. I.e. it is easier to generate an axial force for braking by the compression spring for 10Nm on the electric motor than for 250Nm on the input of the electric motor.

In a further embodiment, the electromagnetic brake is arranged axially on the opposite side of the electric motor on the input side of the gear mechanism, as a result of which the installation space is advantageous and the electromechanical actuator is compact overall.

In a further embodiment, the electromagnetic brake is designed as a friction brake with force locking. A friction brake (also referred to as a slip brake) which is designed as an electromagnetic brake is to be understood in the present case as a brake which prevents a rotational movement of the drive shaft. The drive side is equipped with an electromagnet or a solenoid. In the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet or the electromagnetic coil, the armature is pushed in the axial direction due to the magnetic force or the spring force. The armature is energized via an air gap arranged between the electromagnet or electromagnetic coil and the movable armature. When the solenoid is voltage-free, the parking brake function of the electromechanical actuator is produced. The compression spring then presses the armature against the friction disc and further against the electromagnetic brake housing. A force lock is thereby formed, which prevents the rotation of the engine shaft. If a voltage is applied, a magnetic force acts on the armature and pulls the armature against the force of the compression spring. As a result, the play between the electromagnetic brake housing, the friction disk and the armature increases again and the drive shaft can rotate freely.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the electromagnetic brake, which is designed as a force-locking friction brake, has a friction disk with friction linings arranged opposite one another on both sides of the friction disk, and the friction disk is arranged on the drive shaft, in the electric motor or in the electromagnetic brake housing. The friction disk is connected to the drive shaft in a form-fitting manner in front of the input end of the gear mechanism. In order to keep the moment of inertia as low as possible and in order not to limit the dynamics of the electric motor, the friction linings of the electromagnetic brake are arranged in the electric motor housing or in the electromagnetic brake housing in order to support a reaction torque, also known as a reaction torque, in the electric motor housing or in the electromagnetic brake housing.

In a further embodiment, the drive shaft has a receptacle for a tool for mechanically releasing the brake lining from the brake disk. The receiving portion is a portion of the drive shaft. That is, the receiving portion is manufactured together with the drive shaft in the same working step. However, the receiving portion may also be configured as a separate component which is arranged on the drive shaft output end. The receiving portion is designed for mechanically releasing the brake lining from the brake disk, in particular for mechanically releasing the brake lining in the event of a defect.

In a further embodiment, the receptacle is particularly preferably a hexagon. The hexagon is a generally common shape of a wrench, so that multiple operators can mechanically release the electromechanical actuator in the event of a defect in the electromechanical actuator. That is, in the event of a defect, a tool can be used on the hex to rotate the drive shaft. The electromagnetic brake is designed with respect to its maximum closing force or its maximum braking torque such that: as soon as the operator exceeds the braking torque during the rotation of the tool, the friction linings (also called friction pairs) slide.

In another embodiment, the electromagnetic brake has a bearing for receiving a journal of the drive shaft. More precisely, the shaft journal is arranged on the electromagnetic brake housing of the electromagnetic brake, so that installation space in the brake housing or in the housing for accommodating the electric motor is saved for the separate shaft journal.

It has also proven advantageous: the drive shaft, the electric motor, the electromagnetic brake and the gear mechanism are arranged horizontally in the electromechanical actuator relative to the brake lining. The electromechanical actuator is also oriented horizontally with respect to the axis of the disc brake. The horizontal arrangement of the electromechanical actuator and of the mentioned components in the electromechanical actuator has a favorable effect on environmental vibrations or vibrations triggered by the electric motor itself. In particular, the arrangement of the electric motor, the drive shaft, the electromagnetic brake and the gear mechanism is subjected to less load due to the lower vibrations, as a result of which the service life of the bearing is increased. If, due to the installation space, horizontally arranged electromechanical actuators cannot be used in a vehicle, a vertical arrangement of the electromechanical actuators relative to the axis of the disc brake and a vertical arrangement of the drive shaft, the electric motor, the electromagnetic brake and the gear mechanism relative to the brake lining are also conceivable. In one embodiment, the electromagnetic brake, which is designed as a friction brake with force closure, has, in the electromagnetic brake housing, in addition to the axis of the disk brake, horizontally: an electromagnetic coil; a movable armature; a friction disc disposed between the friction linings; and a compression spring for pressing the friction lining against the friction disc. The electromagnetic brake is coupled to the drive shaft, wherein the drive shaft is guided horizontally past the brake.

In a last embodiment, the electromagnetic brake is configured to fix the cam disc relative to the electric motor independently of the direction of rotation. The rotation-independent brake can be moved clockwise or counterclockwise, in contrast to the rotation-dependent brake.

Drawings

Selected embodiments of the present invention are set forth below in accordance with the appended drawings. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a disk brake with an electromechanical actuator in a top view;

fig. 2 shows a cut-away side view of the electromechanical actuator according to fig. 1;

fig. 3 shows an exploded view of an electromagnetic brake of the electromechanical actuator according to fig. 1 and 2;

fig. 4 shows a cut-away side view of the electromechanical actuator according to fig. 1 with an alternatively arranged electromagnetic brake;

fig. 5 shows an exploded view of an alternatively arranged electromagnetic brake of the electromechanical actuator according to fig. 1 and 4.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, a disc brake 1 is constructed with an electromechanical actuator 2 flanged to the disc brake 1. The electromechanical actuator 2 is arranged on the brake caliper 30 via a force transmission device 3 arranged inside the electromechanical actuator for blocking a brake disk, which is arranged between the two brake linings 4, 4a and is not shown. The brake linings 4, 4a are held in a radial position by compression springs 31, 31a and lining holders 32, respectively, against falling out of the brake holder 34. The caliper 30 is also arranged in sliding manner along the axis X by means of two guide pins 35, 35 a. The electromechanical actuator 2 is flanged to the brake caliper 30 horizontally with respect to the axis X. The polyphase power cable 36 flanged onto the brake housing 28 transmits on the one hand a control signal for actuating the electromechanical actuator 2 from the control unit 37 to the electromechanical actuator 2. On the other hand, the polyphase electric power cable 36 provides an input voltage for the electric motor 7 arranged in the electromechanical actuator 2. The voltage supply of the electromagnetic brake 20 is provided through an electromagnetic brake interface 40. The voltage supply and the transmission of signals to incremental sensors, also known as position sensors and rotation angle sensors, not shown, are provided via signal cables 38.

Additionally, a horizontally arranged drive shaft 6, a transmission 8 and a cam disk 5 (further illustrated in fig. 2) are arranged in the actuator housing 28.

Fig. 2 shows the electromechanical actuator 2 according to fig. 1 in detail. The electric motor 7 is arranged on the drive shaft 6 on the opposite side of the transmission 8 along the axis AA of the electromechanical actuator 2 and generates a rotary motion converted by the transmission 8. The drive shaft 6 is operatively connected to the gear 8 via the sun gear 46 of the gear 8. The connection of the drive shaft 6 to the sun gear 46 of the gear 8 is referred to as the drive shaft input E. A gear 47 in the form of a planet wheel 47 transmits the rotational movement of the electric motor 7 to a planet carrier 48 of the transmission 8, which in turn is coupled to a hollow shaft 49. The hollow shaft 49 transmits the rotational movement of the electric motor 7 converted by the transmission 8 to the cam disk 5. Meanwhile, the hollow shaft 49 is defined as a drive shaft output end a.

The cam disc 5 converts the rotary motion of the electric motor 7 into a translational motion, i.e. into an axial linear motion. The electromagnetic brake 20 is arranged on the drive shaft 6 in a form-locking manner between the electric motor 7 and the cam disk 5. A hexagonal part 10 designed as a receptacle 10 is arranged horizontally on the drive shaft 6 at the drive shaft outlet a. The hexagon 10 is capable of mechanically rotating the drive shaft 6 back or opening the brake linings 4, 4a (see fig. 1) and the brake disk counter to the direction of rotation of the electric motor 7. The electromagnetic brake 20 comprises in particular an electromagnetic brake housing 22. A bearing 12 for receiving the journal 12a of the drive shaft 6 is arranged on the inner side 23 of the electromagnetic brake housing 22. The electromagnetic brake 20 is configured as a friction brake. That is, the electromagnetic brake 20 also has two friction linings 21, 21a separated by a friction disk 26. The friction disk 26 is connected in a form-locking manner to the drive shaft 6 via a toothed profile 39 (see fig. 3). I.e. the friction disc 26 rotates together with the drive shaft 6. On the drive side, and thus in the direction of the electric motor 7, an electromagnetic coil 24 is arranged in the electromagnetic brake 20, which rotates together with the drive shaft 6. In other words, the electromagnetic coil 29 is fixedly arranged in the electromagnetic brake housing 22. The electromagnetic coil 24 is energized via the electromagnetic brake interface 40, and magnetic fields of different strengths act on the horizontally movable armature 25 depending on the applied voltage. A movable armature 25 is arranged in the electromagnetic brake housing 22 between the friction linings 21a and the electromagnetic coil 24. The friction disk 26 and the friction linings 21, 21a are then pressed together or clamped by a compression spring 27 between the movable armature 25 and the electromagnetic brake housing 22, depending on the voltage applied to the electromagnetic coil 24, so that the rotary motion of the electric motor 7 is braked by the drive shaft 6, for which purpose the compression spring 27 presses the movable armature 25 against the friction disk 26 and the friction linings 21, 21a against an actuator housing 28 shown in fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 3 shows a detailed appearance of the electromagnetic brake 20. In particular, friction disks 26 are visible, which are connected to drive shaft 6 in a form-locking manner. The opening 41 with the tooth profile 39 is arranged by means of the friction disc 26. The opening 41 serves to accommodate the drive shaft 6, wherein the friction disk 26 is pushed onto a toothed ring 42 arranged on the drive shaft 6. The electromagnetic coil 24 is arranged in a recess 43 of the electromagnetic brake housing 22, and the electromagnetic brake housing 22 accommodates the bearing 12 for the journal 12a in order to support the drive shaft 6. The electromagnetic brake housing 22 is supported in an actuator housing 28 (fig. 1, 2).

In fig. 4, the electromechanical actuator 2 according to fig. 1 and 2 is again depicted. In contrast to fig. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic brake 20 is arranged on the drive shaft 6 axially downstream of the cam disk 5 and the gear 8, starting from the electric motor 7. The electromagnetic brake 20 is part of the actuator housing 28 and forms a closure of the electromechanical actuator 2 on the drive shaft output a.

Fig. 5 shows an alternative electromagnetic brake 20 according to fig. 4 in detail. The alternative electromagnetic brake 20 additionally has bores 44, 44a and connecting elements 45, 45a, 45b, 45c on the electromagnetic brake housing 22 for connecting the electromagnetic brake 20 to the actuator housing 28. Furthermore, the toothed ring 42 is arranged directly on the friction disk 26 axially along the drive shaft 6 in the direction of the transmission 8. The toothed ring 42 is operatively connected to the gear 8.

List of reference numerals

1 disc brake

2 electromechanical actuator

3 force transmission device

4. 4a brake lining

5 cam disc

6 drive shaft

7 electric motor

8 transmission mechanism

8a transmission input end

10 hexagonal piece/receiver

12 bearing

12a journal

20 electromagnetic brake

21. 21a friction lining

22 electromagnetic brake shell

23 inside the electromagnetic brake housing 22

24 electromagnetic coil

25 movable armature

26 friction disk

27 compression spring

28 actuator housing

30 brake caliper

31. 31a pressure spring

32 facing mount

34 brake frame

35. 35a guide pin

36 polyphase electric power cable

37 control unit

38 signal cable

39 tooth profile

40 electromagnetic brake interface

41 opening of friction disk

42 ring gear

43 recess of electromagnetic brake housing 22

44. 44a bore of the electromagnetic brake housing 22

45. 45a, 45b, 45c connecting element

46 sun gear

47 planet wheel

48 planetary carrier

49 hollow shaft

E drive shaft input

A drive shaft output end

Axis of AA electromechanical actuator 2

X axis