阅读说明：本技术 一种含杂交构树的发酵饲料及其制备方法和应用 (Fermented feed containing hybrid paper mulberry, and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 刘晶晶 刘世杰 蔡辉益 于继英 任婉丽 陈达 田子罡 于 2019-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种含杂交构树的发酵饲料制备方法,首先将含有杂交构树粉的原料混合,然后加入复合菌剂和复合酶制剂混匀发酵,得到最终产品。本发明饲料的制备方法简单,原料易得,可以改善育肥猪的生长性能、屠宰性能、健康状况、猪肉品质,以及妊娠母猪的生产性能,还可以提高肉禽平均日增重,降低料重比,和提高蛋禽产蛋率和日采食量,降低蛋破损率和死淘率,增加平均日产蛋重。(The invention provides a preparation method of a fermentation feed containing hybrid broussonetia papyrifera. The feed disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method and easy in raw material obtaining, can improve the growth performance, slaughter performance, health condition and pork quality of fattening pigs and the production performance of pregnant sows, and can also improve the average daily gain of meat poultry, reduce the feed-weight ratio, improve the laying rate and daily feed intake of laying poultry, reduce the egg breakage rate and death and culling rate and increase the average daily egg laying weight.)

1. A preparation method of a fermentation feed containing a hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of corn, 5-15% of guniting corn bran, 20-35% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 10-20% of soybean meal, 12-16% of wheat bran, 5-15% of rice bran meal and 0-3% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), taking fluorine-free water accounting for 24-43% of the weight of the mixture, dissolving the complex microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is 30-40%, and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 3-5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

2. The method for preparing fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial agent is composed of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomyces cerevisiae.

3. The method for preparing fermented feed according to claim 2, wherein the lactobacillus in the complex microbial inoculum is composed of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, lactobacillus casei HM-10, lactobacillus plantarum LP6 and lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP 9; the bacillus consists of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.

4. The fermented feed preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the inoculation amount of each bacterium in the complex microbial inoculum in each kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: lactobacillus plantarum P-81X 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU and Lactobacillus casei HM-101 x 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus plantarum LP61 × 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP 91X 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU and bacillus subtilis 4 x 10⁹～15×10⁹CFU and Bacillus licheniformis 4X 10⁹～15×10⁹CFU, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 × 10⁸～20×10⁸CFU。

5. The process for preparing fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme preparation is composed of pectinase, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, beta-mannase, acid protease, neutral protease and tannase.

6. The method for preparing fermented feed according to claim 5, wherein the amount of each enzyme added in the complex enzyme preparation per kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: 60-300U of pectinase, 60-300U of cellulase, 1800-9000U of xylanase, 80-400U of beta-glucanase, 200-1000U of beta-mannase, 500-2500U of acid protease, 500-2500U of neutral protease and 50-250U of tannase.

7. A fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera prepared by the fermented feed preparation method of claims 1-6.

8. Use of the fermented feed of claim 7 for feeding livestock.

9. The use of the fermented feed according to claim 8 for feeding animals, wherein the livestock is fattening pigs, pregnant sows, broilers, laying hens.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fermented feeds, and particularly relates to a fermented feed containing hybrid paper mulberry and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The shortage of feed resources, especially the shortage of protein feed, is a key factor influencing the development of livestock breeding in China and depends on import for a long time.

The hybrid paper mulberry is a mulberry plant in the family of Moraceae, is a tree species cultivated by hybridizing a wild paper mulberry and a small paper mulberry and adopting a modern seedling raising technology, has the characteristics of fast growth, high yield, multiple resistance, easy propagation, short felling period, salt and alkali resistance and strong adaptability, is rich in plant protein, carbohydrate, trace elements and the like, does not apply pesticides and herbicides in the planting process, is a novel high-yield, high-quality and green feed resource, and has better development prospect.

The hybrid paper mulberry is used as a high-protein woody feed, the protein content is up to 20-30%, the nutritional ingredients such as amino acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, trace elements and the like are very rich, the feed value is very good, and the hybrid paper mulberry can be used as a substitute raw material of the protein feed. In addition, the broussonetia papyrifera contains various bioactive substances such as flavonoid compounds and the like, has biological functions such as antibiosis, antivirus and antioxidation, plays an important role in regulating the physiological function of animals, and is a novel, high-quality and high-efficiency feed raw material with wide market prospect. However, the protein in the paper mulberry has a complex molecular structure and high lignin content, and the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of the paper mulberry when directly fed to livestock is not high. Moreover, the content of tannin in the paper mulberry is about 1%, which causes bitter taste and poor palatability. Therefore, the research on how to reduce the molecular structure of the broussonetia papyrifera protein, improve the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of broussonetia papyrifera feed, improve the reward of the broussonetia papyrifera feed, and develop the broussonetia papyrifera feed with the characteristics of improving the growth vigor and disease resistance of animals, shortening the breeding period, improving the meat quality and the like has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fermented feed containing hybrid broussonetia papyrifera, a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for livestock breeding.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a fermentation feed containing hybrid paper mulberry comprises the following steps:

(1) taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of corn, 5-15% of guniting corn bran, 20-35% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 10-20% of soybean meal, 12-16% of wheat bran, 5-15% of rice bran meal and 0-3% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), taking fluorine-free water with the weight of 24-43% of that of the mixture, dissolving the complex microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is 30% -40%, and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 3-5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The compound microbial inoculum consists of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The lactobacillus in the compound microbial inoculum consists of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, lactobacillus casei HM-10, lactobacillus plantarum LP6 and lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP 9; the bacillus consists of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.

The inoculation amount of each bacterium in the compound microbial inoculum in each kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: lactobacillus plantarum P-81X 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU and Lactobacillus casei HM-101 x 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus plantarum LP61 × 10⁹～10×10⁹CFU and lactobacillus plantarumKT-LP91×10⁹～10×10⁹CFU and bacillus subtilis 4 x 10⁹～15×10⁹CFU and Bacillus licheniformis 4X 10⁹～15×10⁹CFU, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 × 10⁸～20×10⁸CFU。

The compound enzyme preparation consists of pectinase, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, beta-mannase, acid protease, neutral protease and tannase.

Wherein the addition amount of each enzyme in the compound enzyme preparation in each kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: 60-300U of pectinase, 60-300U of cellulase, 1800-9000U of xylanase, 80-400U of beta-glucanase, 200-1000U of beta-mannase, 500-2500U of acid protease, 500-2500U of neutral protease and 50-250U of tannase.

A fermented feed containing broussonetia papyrifera prepared by the preparation method of the fermented feed.

The physical and chemical indexes of the fermented feed are as follows:

TABLE 1 physicochemical indices of fermented feed containing broussonetia papyrifera

The fermented feed containing the broussonetia papyrifera prepared by the preparation method is applied to feeding livestock, and the livestock can be fattening pigs, pregnant sows, broiler chickens and laying hens.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: directly adding the broussonetia papyrifera-containing fermented feed into conventional feed of fed livestock, wherein the reference feeding amount is as follows:

TABLE 2 reference feeding amounts for different physiological stages/economic performance of livestock and poultry

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, through a bacterium enzyme synergistic fermentation technology, on one hand, an enzyme preparation is utilized to hydrolyze protein and destroy anti-nutritional factors, so that the tannin content is reduced, macromolecular protein is degraded, microbial fermentation is promoted, and the palatability and digestibility of the paper mulberry feed are improved; on the other hand, the enzyme preparation is utilized to supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzyme, beneficial bacteria are provided to optimize the micro-ecological environment of pig intestinal tract, the dry matter feed intake is improved, the gastrointestinal digestion is promoted, the feed conversion rate of paper mulberry is improved, and for livestock: increasing the daily gain of the fattening pig, improving the slaughtering performance and the pork quality, enhancing the immune function of the pig and improving the production performance of pregnant sows; for the birds: improving average daily gain of meat poultry, reducing feed weight ratio, improving laying rate and daily feed intake of egg poultry, reducing egg breakage rate and death and culling rate, and increasing average daily egg laying weight.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 preparation of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of corn, 10% of gunite corn bran, 28% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 15% of soybean meal, 15% of wheat bran, 10% of rice bran meal and 2% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water with the weight of 24%, 33% and 43% of the mixture, dissolving the complex microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, 35% and 40%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The hybrid paper mulberry powder is provided by Guangxi Nanning Rong harbor Biotechnology Co., Ltd, when the stem length of the hybrid paper mulberry is 1-1.2 m, the stem length is cut at the last leaf, the fresh paper mulberry leaves and stems are dried in the shade for 2 days and then crushed by a pulp grinder, and the granularity is less than or equal to 2 mm. Pulverizing semen Maydis, bean cake, testa Tritici, rice bran cake and spray-dried testa Maydis to particle size of less than or equal to 2 mm.

Wherein the compound microbial inoculum comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The lactobacillus in the compound microbial inoculum consists of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, lactobacillus casei HM-10, lactobacillus plantarum LP6 and lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP 9; the bacillus consists of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.

The strains are all the existing strains, and the invention does not relate to the breeding and separating work of the strains. The lactobacillus plantarum LP6 used in the following examples was deposited in the general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC) of the china committee for culture collection management of microorganisms at 25.9.2017, with the collection number of CGMCC No.13458 and the collection address of: western road No.1, north chen, west road, 3, china academy of sciences, zip code: 100101, classified and named Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum). Chinese patent of invention with publication number CN107964520A, composite lactobacillus microecological preparation, and its preparation method and application, disclose the strain.

Lactobacillus plantarum P-8, which has been preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC for short) in 2012, 06, 28 months, with the preservation number of CGMCC No.6312 and the preservation address of: western road No.1, north chen west road No. 3, korea institute of sciences, zip code: 100101, classified and named Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum). The bacterial strain is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN102618461B, namely probiotic capable of promoting secretion of SIgA in intestinal tract and a detection method thereof.

Lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP9 and Lactobacillus casei HM-10 were supplied by Nemontage and American department Biotechnology Ltd; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is special yeast for pig, provided by Angel Yeast GmbH, and has effective viable count of more than or equal to 2 × 10¹⁰CFU/g; the Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are provided by Tianjin Bofel Germany, Inc., and the effective viable count is not less than 2 × 10¹⁰CFU/g。

The inoculation amount of each bacterium in the compound microbial inoculum in each kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: lactobacillus plantarum P-81X 10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus casei HM-1010X 10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus plantarum LP61 × 10⁹CFU, Lactobacillus plantarum KT-LP 910 x 10⁹CFU and Bacillus subtilis 8X 10⁹CFU and Bacillus licheniformis 8X 10⁹CFU, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 10 × 10⁸CFU。

Each enzyme in the compound enzyme preparation is provided by Tianjin Bofelidae technology, wherein the weight ratio of pectinase: tianjin Bophnedco Techni Co., Ltd, product code number P891, enzyme activity 10000U/g; cellulase: tianjin Bophnedco Techni Co., Ltd, product code number P921, enzyme activity 10000U/g; xylanase: tianjin Bophnedco Techni Co., Ltd, product code 818, enzyme activity 300000U/g; beta-glucanase: tianjin Bophnedco Techni Co., Ltd, product code number P862, enzyme activity 50000U/g; beta-mannanase: product code 832 of Tianjin Bo Fei German technology Limited company, enzyme activity 20000U/g; acid protease: tianjin Bophnedco Techni Co., Ltd, product code number P902, enzyme activity 50000U/g; neutral protease: tianjin Bophnedco technologies, product code P901, enzyme activity 10000U/g; tannase: sichuan Huayuan Shengtai Biotechnology limited, the enzyme activity is 500U/g;

wherein the enzyme activity units U of the respective enzymes are defined as follows:

and (3) pectinase: 1g enzyme powder or 1ml enzyme solution, under the conditions of 50 ℃ and pH 3.5, decomposing pectin for 1 hour to generate 1mg of free galacturonic acid, which is one enzyme activity unit U; cellulase: the amount of enzyme required to release 1. mu. mol of reducing sugar per minute from a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution having a concentration of 4mg/ml at 37 ℃ and a pH of 5.5 was one enzyme activity unit U. (ii) a Xylanase: degrading the enzyme amount required for releasing 1 mu mol of reducing sugar from a xylan solution with the concentration of 5mg/ml every minute at the temperature of 37 ℃ and the pH value of 5.5, wherein the enzyme amount is one enzyme activity unit U; beta-glucanase: the enzyme amount required for releasing 1 mu mol of reducing sugar from a beta-glucan solution with the concentration of 4mg/ml per minute at 37 ℃ and the pH value of 5.5 is one enzyme activity unit U; beta-mannanase: the amount of enzyme required to release 1. mu. mol of reducing sugars, one enzyme activity unit U, was degraded per minute from a mannan (LBG, locust bean gum, Sigma: G0753) solution at a concentration of 3mg/ml at 37 ℃ and pH 5.5; acid protease: hydrolyzing casein at 40 deg.C and pH of 3.0 for 1min to produce an enzyme amount corresponding to 1 μ g of phenolic amino acid (from tyrosine equivalent) as one enzyme activity unit U; neutral protease: hydrolyzing casein at 40 deg.C and pH of 7.2 for 1min to produce an amount of enzyme equivalent to 1 μ g of phenolic amino acid (from tyrosine equivalent) as one enzyme activity unit U; tannase: the enzyme amount required for degrading Propyl Gallate (PG) solution to release 1 mu mol of gallic acid per minute is one enzyme activity unit U under the conditions of 30 ℃ and pH value of 5.0.

The addition amount of each enzyme in the compound enzyme preparation in each kilogram of fermented feed raw materials is as follows: 180U of pectinase, 180U of cellulase, 5400U of xylanase, 240U of beta-glucanase, 600U of beta-mannase, 1500U of acid protease, 1500U of neutral protease and 150U of tannase.

The fermented feed has sour flavor and wine flavor, no bad smell, light green or yellow green, loose, soft and no agglomeration, the content of each bacterium in the fermented feed is shown in Table 3, and the physicochemical index is shown in Table 4.

TABLE 3 amount of each bacterium in fermented feed

TABLE 4 physicochemical indices of fermented feed

Example 2 preparation of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of corn, 15% of gunite corn husk, 20% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 20% of soybean meal, 12% of wheat bran, 15% of rice bran meal and 3% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water accounting for 19% of the weight of the mixture, dissolving the complex microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The compound microbial inoculum and compound enzyme agent are the same as in example 1.

Example 3 preparation of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 25% of corn, 5% of gunite corn bran, 35% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 10% of soybean meal, 16% of wheat bran and 9% of rice bran meal;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water with the weight of 19% of that of the mixture, dissolving the mixed microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The compound microbial inoculum and compound enzyme agent are the same as in example 1.

Example 4 preparation of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 25% of corn, 8% of gunite corn bran, 35% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 10% of soybean meal, 16% of wheat bran, 5% of rice bran meal and 1% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water accounting for 19% of the weight of the mixture, dissolving the complex microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the mixture on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The compound microbial inoculum and compound enzyme agent are the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1 preparation of Single Complex microbial inoculum fermented feed

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of corn, 10% of gunite corn bran, 28% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 15% of soybean meal, 15% of wheat bran, 10% of rice bran meal and 2% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water accounting for 19% of the weight of the mixture, dissolving the composite microbial inoculum in the water, uniformly spraying the composite microbial inoculum on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The compound microbial inoculum used was the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 2 preparation of Single Complex enzyme preparation fermented feed

(1) Taking the following raw materials for standby, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of corn, 10% of gunite corn bran, 28% of hybrid paper mulberry powder, 15% of soybean meal, 15% of wheat bran, 10% of rice bran meal and 2% of molasses;

(2) mixing the raw materials prepared in the step (1), respectively taking fluorine-free water with the weight of 19% of that of the mixture, dissolving the complex enzyme preparation in the water, uniformly spraying the complex enzyme preparation on the mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture is about 30%, and fully and uniformly mixing;

(3) and (3) after fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a breathing bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to obtain the fermented feed.

The complex enzyme preparation used was the same as in example 1.

Example 5 detection of acid soluble protein in fermented feed obtained by different treatments

The content of acid soluble protein in the mixed raw material before the treatment of example 1, the fermented feed prepared by the single complex enzyme treatment of comparative example 2 and the fermented feed co-treated with the fungal enzyme of example 1 were measured, respectively, and the results are shown in table 5.

TABLE 5 acid soluble protein content of fermented feed obtained by different treatments

The acid soluble protein is protein hydrolysate with lower molecular weight, including peptide and free amino acid, and the detection result shows that the fermented feed processed by the bacterium enzyme in the embodiment 1 has high acid soluble protein content, namely high degradation degree of macromolecular protein, and can improve the digestion utilization rate of the feed.

Example 6 application of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera in growing-finishing pigs

About 320 fattening pigs (Du X long X big) with good health status are selected, and randomly divided into 4 groups, each group has 4 columns, and each column has 20 pigs. The test group I was a control group and fed with basal diet, and the groups II, III and IV were supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% of the fermented feed of the hybrid paper mulberry of example 1 with a water content of 30% respectively. The formula is adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of growing-finishing pigs, so that the nutritional compositions of the daily ration formulas of the control group and the test group are basically consistent. The test pre-test period is 3d, and the official period is 4 weeks. The feeding conditions and the management modes of the 4 groups of pigs are consistent except for different feeds. In the test period, manual feeding is adopted, and pigs eat and drink water freely. The weekly feed intake of the fattening pigs was recorded in columns. On day 1 of the positive test and on the morning of week 4 of the test, the weight was weighed on empty stomach and the average body weight was calculated in bars. At the end of the test, 1 pig was randomly selected per pen of each group to be slaughtered, and the slaughter rate and meat quality were determined.

And (4) analyzing results:

1. influence on the production performance of fattening pig

As shown in Table 6, the addition of 5%, 10% and 15% of the broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed to the daily ration can increase the dry matter feed intake of the fattening pigs, increase the average daily gain and reduce the feed-weight ratio, and the difference is significant, wherein the daily gain of a test group added with 10% is the highest, and the feed-weight ratio is the lowest.

TABLE 6 influence on the Performance of fattening pigs

Note: different letter designations in the same row differ significantly at the level of P0.05.

2. Influence on slaughtering Performance of finishing pigs

As shown in table 7, the addition of 5%, 10% and 15% broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed to the daily ration of the fattening pig increased the slaughter rate and lean meat percentage, and decreased the thickness of backfat. When the addition amount is 10% and 15%, the difference between the dressing percentage, the lean meat percentage and the back fat thickness is obvious compared with the control group, and the difference between the test groups with the addition amount of 10% and 15% is not obvious.

TABLE 7 Effect on slaughter Performance

Note: different letter designations in the same row differ significantly at the level of P0.05.

3. Influence on health condition of fattening pig

As shown in Table 8, the addition of 5%, 10% and 15% of the broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed to the diet of the finishing pigs improved the immunity and reduced the incidence of disease. However, the addition amount of the fermentation feed for the hybrid paper mulberry in the daily ration is increased, and the bacterial flora structure and the pH value of the intestinal tract of the pig are influenced, so that the immunity is influenced. Therefore, the test group added with 10% of the fermentation feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is the optimal addition amount.

TABLE 8 Effect on health status

4. Influence on the quality of the pork of a fattening pig

As shown in Table 9, the contents of protein, calcium, selenium and amino acids in pork of the test group to which the feed of the hybrid paper mulberry fermented was added at 10% per ration were increased to 21.7g/100g, 77.6mg/100g, 5.8ug/100g and 19.9g/100g, respectively, and increased by 181.8%, 2487%, 161.3% and 189.5% respectively, compared to the control group. The cholesterol content is reduced to 58.8mg/100g, which is reduced by 36.77% compared with the control group. The result shows that the quality of pork can be improved by adding the hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed into daily ration.

TABLE 9 Effect on pork quality

In conclusion, the fermented feed containing the hybrid paper mulberry is beneficial to increasing the daily gain of fattening pigs, improving the slaughtering performance and pork quality and enhancing the immune function of the pigs.

Example 7 application of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera to pregnant sows

Selecting Du X long X large-birth sows with similar gestational times and body weight 32, and randomly dividing into 4 groups with 8 pigs each. The test group I is a control group and fed with basic diet, the groups II, III and IV are respectively added with 10 percent, 15 percent and 20 percent of the fermentation feed (30 percent of water) of the hybrid paper mulberry in the example 1 in the basic diet, and the formula is adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of pregnant sows, so that the nutritional compositions of the daily diet formulas of the control group and the test group are basically consistent. Feeding the sows from the nonpregnant period, wherein the feeding date is 160 d. During the test period, the animals were fed 2 times daily with free intake and drinking of water. During the trial the sows were scored for conception, litter size, number of live piglets and weight of newborn piglets.

As shown in table 10, the addition of 10%, 15% and 20% of the broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed to the diet of the finishing pigs increased the total litter size, the number of live litters and the average birth weight, and was significantly different from the control group.

TABLE 10 Effect on sow Productivity

Note: different letter designations in the same row differ significantly at the level of P0.05.

Example 8 use of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera in meat poultry

270 healthy 1-day-old AA roosters were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments, 6 replicates each, and 15 chickens each. The test group I was a control group and fed with basal diet, and the group II and group III were prepared by adding 5% and 10% of the fermented feed of the hybrid paper mulberry of example 1 with a water content of 30% to the basal diet, respectively. The formula is adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of the broiler chickens, so that the nutritional compositions of the daily ration formulas of all groups are basically consistent. Feeding in a cage culture mode, wherein the feeding management in the experimental period is strictly carried out according to an AA broiler feeding management manual. The chickens were fed and drunk freely throughout the entire feeding period. And in a test period of 42d, accurately weighing the weight of each repeated chicken in the test period of 42d, counting the feed consumption and the weight of the chicken by taking the repetition as a unit, and respectively calculating the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake and the feed-to-feed ratio.

As shown in table 11, compared to the control group, the addition of 5% and 10% of the fermented feed of the present invention significantly increased the average daily gain of broilers (P <0.05), and decreased the feed-to-weight ratio (P < 0.05).

TABLE 11 Effect on broiler growth Performance

Note: no letters or the same letters in the same column indicate no significant difference (P >0.05), different letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05); the following table is the same.

Example 9 use of fermented feed containing Broussonetia papyrifera in laying fowl

Selecting 367-day-old kalanchoe brown laying hens, randomly dividing 12000 laying hens into 3 treatment groups, each group comprises 4000 laying hens, each group comprises 5 treatment groups, adopting four-layer ladder cage culture, freely feeding, freely drinking water, normally inoculating and immunizing according to an immunization program, and regularly disinfecting. The test group I was a control group and fed with basal diet, and the group II and group III were prepared by adding 2% and 5% of the fermented feed of the hybrid paper mulberry of example 1 with a water content of 30% to the basal diet, respectively. The formula is adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of the laying hens, so that the nutritional compositions of the daily ration formula of each group are basically consistent. Feeding at a ratio of 6:30, 11:30 and 17:30 every day, picking up eggs at a ratio of 11:00 and 17:00 every day, counting, marking and storing the eggs after picking up the eggs, and calculating the laying rate and the breakage rate every day. The test was prefeed for 7d, and full test 45 d. The overall egg weight was recorded during the test period. At the end of the test, 30 eggs were randomly picked for each group and egg quality measurements were made on the same day.

As can be seen from table 12, on the 45 th day of the experiment, 2% and 5% of the fermented feed of the present invention added to the daily ration tended to increase the laying rate and daily feed intake, and the egg breakage rate and the death and culling rate tended to decrease, but there was no significant difference from the control group (P >0.05), and the average daily egg weight ratio was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

TABLE 12 Effect on layer production Performance

Note: compared with the indexes of the same row, the index indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05); indicates that the difference was extremely significant (P < 0.01).

In conclusion, the fermented feed containing the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera of the invention has the following characteristics for livestock: increasing the daily gain of the fattening pig, improving the slaughtering performance and the pork quality, enhancing the immune function of the pig and improving the production performance of pregnant sows; for the birds: the average daily gain of meat poultry is increased, the feed weight ratio is reduced, the laying rate and daily feed intake of laying poultry are increased, the egg breakage rate and the death and culling rate are reduced, the average daily egg laying weight is increased, and the development of the feed has great economic value.