阅读说明：本技术 一种列车各车厢的同步制动控制方法及系统 (Synchronous braking control method and system for each carriage of train ) 是由 王延平 王智森 崔士轩 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及电气控制领域,特别是涉及一种列车各车厢的同步制动控制方法及系统。同步制动控制系统包括主控制器、电能变换控制器和分流器。在实际制动过程中,主控制器获取列车的实时速度及实时质量并判断实时速度是否大于设定速度。若否,直接通过机械摩擦制动方式完成列车的制动；若是,则通过调节各车厢中同步制动机的输入电压,调节其励磁电流,以调节后的励磁电流控制各车厢的单位制动力相等,从而实现各车厢的同步匀减速制动。利用本发明中的方法和系统能够有效减弱甚至消除列车各车厢在制动过程中的压缩力和冲击力,提升列车在制动过程中的安全性。(The invention relates to the field of electrical control, in particular to a synchronous braking control method and system for each carriage of a train. The synchronous brake control system comprises a main controller, an electric energy conversion controller and a shunt. In the actual braking process, the main controller obtains the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train and judges whether the real-time speed is greater than the set speed. If not, the braking of the train is directly completed in a mechanical friction braking mode; if yes, the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each compartment is adjusted, the exciting current of the synchronous brake is adjusted, and the unit braking force of each compartment is controlled to be equal by the adjusted exciting current, so that synchronous uniform deceleration braking of each compartment is realized. By utilizing the method and the system, the compression force and the impact force of each carriage of the train in the braking process can be effectively weakened or even eliminated, and the safety of the train in the braking process is improved.)

1. A synchronous braking control method for each carriage of a train is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train;

judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly braking the train in a mechanical friction braking mode until the train stops;

if yes, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train;

and adjusting the exciting current injected into each synchronous brake to enable the unit braking force of each carriage of the train to be equal, and returning to the step of acquiring the real-time speed of the train until the real-time speed of the train is less than or equal to the set speed, and braking the train in the mechanical friction braking mode.

2. The method for controlling synchronous braking of each car of a train according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each car of the train specifically comprises:

acquiring a brake control signal;

selecting a corresponding braking mode according to the braking control signal;

selecting corresponding unit braking force according to the braking mode;

and calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the unit braking force.

3. The method of controlling synchronized braking of cars of a train according to claim 2,

the brake control signal includes:

a fault alarm signal, an emergency brake signal, a station-entering brake signal and a normal speed regulation signal;

the braking mode includes:

a first braking mode, a second braking mode, and a third braking mode;

the fault alarm signal and the emergency brake signal both correspond to the first brake mode;

the station entering brake signal corresponds to the second brake mode;

the normal speed regulating signal corresponds to the third braking mode;

selecting the corresponding unit braking force according to the braking mode specifically comprises the following steps:

when the braking mode is the first braking mode, braking is carried out with the maximum braking force of the synchronous brake;

and when the braking mode is the second braking mode or the third braking mode, calculating the real-time acceleration of the train according to the braking distance of the train and the real-time speed of the train, and braking by using the braking force corresponding to the real-time acceleration.

4. The method for controlling synchronous braking of each car of a train according to claim 2, wherein the calculating of the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each car of the train based on the braking force specifically comprises:

calculating the synthetic magnetic flux of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the braking force;

calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train according to the synthesized magnetic flux of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train;

the braking force and the resultant magnetic flux have the following relationship:

wherein n represents the number of train cars, F_nMeans the braking force, m, of each train car_nRepresenting the real-time quality of each train car, a_nRepresenting the real-time acceleration, M, of each train car_nRepresenting the total braking torque, R, of each railcar_nThe braking radius of each train car is shown,representing the torque constant, phi, of each train car_nRepresenting the resultant flux of each train car, I_nRepresenting the total armature current for each railcar.

5. The method of controlling synchronous braking of each car of a train according to claim 4, wherein the resultant magnetic flux and the excitation current have the following relationship:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,indicating the field current, phi, of the synchronous brake in each train car_nRepresenting the resultant flux, R, of each train car_nRepresenting the reluctance of the synchronous brake in each train car, N_nIndicating the number of coil turns of the synchronous brake in each railcar.

6. The method for controlling the synchronous braking of each car of a train according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the exciting current injected into each synchronous brake specifically comprises:

according to the power supply system along the railway, adjusting the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train; and injecting the exciting current into the synchronous brake according to the input voltage of the synchronous brake.

The step of adjusting the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the power supply system along the railway specifically comprises the following steps:

according to the system of a power supply along the railway, the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each carriage of each train is regulated by regulating the duty ratio and the trigger delay angle of a switching power supply;

the adjusting mode comprises the following steps:

when the power supply system along the railway is a unidirectional alternating voltage, U_d＝0.9U₂cosa；

When the power supply system along the railway is three-phase alternating-current voltage, U_d＝2.34U₂cosa；

When the power supply system along the railway is direct-current voltage,

wherein, U_dRepresenting the input voltage, U, of the synchronous brake₂Representing the power supply voltage along the railway line, a representing the delay angle of triggering and D representing the duty cycle of the switching power supply.

7. The method for controlling synchronous braking of each car of a train according to claim 6, wherein injecting the exciting current into the synchronous brake according to the input voltage of the synchronous brake comprises:

the input voltage of the synchronous brake and the exciting current of the synchronous brake have the following relations:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,indicating the field current of the synchronous brake in each train car, Z_nRepresenting the reactance of the synchronous brake in each railcar.

8. A synchronous brake control system for each car of a train, which is realized based on the synchronous brake control method for each car of a train according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:

the main controller is used for acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train and judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly braking the train in a mechanical friction braking mode until the train stops; if yes, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train;

the shunt is used for injecting the exciting current into the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train, and each carriage of the train realizes synchronous braking after the exciting current is injected into the synchronous brake;

and the electric energy conversion controller is used for adjusting the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the power supply system along the railway so as to inject the exciting current into the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train.

9. The synchronous brake control system for cars of a train of claim 8 wherein said synchronous brake is a double ring outer drum compound synchronous eddy current brake.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electrical control, in particular to a synchronous braking control method and system for each carriage of a train.

Background

At present, the braking mode used by trains such as high-speed trains and motor trains is combined braking or hybrid braking. The train includes a railcar section that uses electric braking (or regenerative braking) and a trailer section that uses mechanical friction braking. Because the united braking hardly ensures the unification of the braking force of the electric braking and the braking force of the mechanical friction braking, different compression forces and impact forces exist among different carriages.

The train is prone to malignant accidents in the braking process due to the fact that compression force and impact force which are difficult to balance exist among different carriages of the train.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a synchronous braking control method and a synchronous braking control system for each carriage of a train. The unit braking force of each carriage in a motor train part and a trailer part of a train is equal by using a synchronous brake as a control object through the steps of detection, communication, conversion, braking and the like, so that the compression force and the impact force between the carriages are reduced or even completely eliminated as far as possible, and the probability of train accidents is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

a synchronous braking control method for each carriage of a train comprises the following steps:

acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train;

judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly braking the train in a mechanical friction braking mode until the train stops;

if yes, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train;

and adjusting the exciting current injected into each synchronous brake to enable the unit braking force of each carriage of the train to be equal so as to realize the synchronous braking of each carriage of the train, and braking the train in the mechanical friction braking mode until the real-time speed of the train is less than or equal to the set speed.

The invention also introduces a synchronous braking control system of each carriage of the train, which is realized based on the synchronous braking control method of each carriage of the train and comprises the following steps:

the main controller is used for acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train and judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly braking the train in a mechanical friction braking mode until the train stops; if yes, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train;

and the shunt is used for injecting the exciting current into the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

1) the synchronous brake of each carriage in the bullet train part and the trailer part of the train is systematically controlled, so that the unit braking force of the train is stable in the braking process, the influence of the compression force and the impact force on each carriage is reduced as much as possible, and the probability of accidents of the train caused by the compression force or the impact force is reduced.

2) The method comprises the steps of selecting different brake modes according to brake source signals through system control of double-ring outer barrel compound synchronous eddy current brakes in each carriage of a train, calculating effective brake force of each carriage by detecting real-time quality and real-time speed of each carriage, further calculating exciting current of each synchronous brake corresponding to the effective brake force in each carriage, and adjusting voltage provided for each carriage synchronous brake according to a power supply system along a railway so that the brake force provided by the synchronous brake in each carriage meets the requirement of the effective brake force. And furthermore, by adjusting the effective braking force of each carriage, the compression force and the impact force between the carriages can be effectively weakened or eliminated, so that the probability of accidents of the train in the braking process is reduced.

3) On the basis of effectively reducing or eliminating the compression force and the impact force of each carriage in the train through the synchronous brake control system and the synchronous brake control method, the train can also run at high speed when the marshalling is enlarged or the heavy load is carried out in the railway transportation, and then the single passenger transportation is expanded into the passenger transportation and the freight transportation, so that the running efficiency of the train line and the resource utilization rate of the railway construction are greatly improved.

4) Besides trains such as motor trains and high-speed trains, the synchronous braking control method and the synchronous braking control system provided by the invention can be applied to other transportation modes such as heavy-duty freight trains, heavy-duty freight trucks and ships, and can realize synchronous braking and effectively improve the transportation safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the synchronous braking of each car of a train in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous brake control system for each car of a train in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Description of the symbols:

1-a main controller, 2-an electric energy conversion controller, 3-a shunt and 4-a synchronous brake;

g represents a fault alarm signal, J represents an emergency brake signal, T represents an inbound brake signal, Z represents a normal speed regulation signal, V represents the real-time speed of the train, m₁-m_nRepresenting the real-time quality of each car in the train, I_f1-I_fnIndicating the field current injected into a plurality of synchronous brakes, D₁₁-D_n8Indicating a synchronous brake in all cars.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The combined braking mode is used on trains such as high-speed trains, motor trains and the like. The train is electrically braked in a combined braking mode in a bullet train part, and the train is mechanically braked in a friction braking mode in a combined braking mode in a trailer part. In the braking process of a train, the electric braking of a bullet train part and the mechanical friction braking of a trailer part are difficult to be carried out synchronously, and further certain compression force and impact force are easy to generate among different carriages of the train.

The reason for the generation of the compressive force is: the brake medium for electric braking is electromagnetic waves, while the brake medium for mechanical friction braking is air. Because the transfer speed of air is different from that of electromagnetic waves, electric braking and mechanical friction braking are asynchronous in the processes of inflation and deflation in braking, and further a certain compression force is easily generated in the middle of a train.

The reasons for the impact force are: when the train runs at high speed, the train car part and the trailer part of the train are in a tensile state, namely, the couplers of adjacent cars have tensile force in opposite directions. The bullet train part is a driving part of the train and has driving force, and the trailer part is a carrying part of the train and has no driving force. When the train running at high speed is suddenly braked, the bullet train part can be gradually decelerated under the action of driving force, and the trailer part can still continuously run at the original speed and is decelerated by means of mechanical friction braking. In the process of speed reduction, the tensile force of the car couplers between the adjacent carriages of the train in opposite directions is changed into impact force in opposite directions, and the impact force between the car couplers at different positions of the train is unequal in size.

More specifically, the motor car part generally adopts a variable frequency feedback braking method to realize braking, but the braking method can only brake to a medium speed, namely 50 km/h; the trailer part adopts disc friction brake. In the actual braking process, the bullet train part can achieve synchronous braking, but the synchronous braking between the bullet train part and the trailer part and between the trailer part and the trailer part cannot be achieved, and particularly, the synchronous braking between the trailer part and the bullet train part is more difficult to achieve.

Because synchronous braking between the railcar portion and the trailer portion, and between the trailer portion and the trailer portion, is difficult to achieve, compressive and impact forces may exist between the different cars of the train. Expressed by the formula:

wherein R represents the total compression force of the train; k represents the sum of the brake shoe pressure of each carriage of the train, and the unit is ton;representing the effective braking force of each carriage of the train;representing the maximum effective braking force of each carriage of the train; l represents the length of a car in the train; n represents the total consist number of the train; t is t_ZCRepresenting the brake cylinder inflation time of the train; omega_ZBRepresenting the propagation speed of the brake wave in the pipeline; r_AmaxIndicating the longitudinal impact force when the train is braked in a tensile state.

The compression force and the impact force existing in the braking process of the train are just the causes of train accidents. And the existence of the compression force and the impact force can generate great influence on the marshalling and the running speed of the train, thereby influencing the economic benefit of the train.

Therefore, it is important for the development of railway transportation to reduce or even eliminate the compressive force and impact force existing in the prior art due to combined braking so as to reduce the probability of accidents occurring in the braking process of trains.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a synchronous brake control method of each carriage of a train and a synchronous brake control system of each carriage of the train.

Calculating the magnitude of exciting current required by a synchronous brake in each carriage of the train to realize synchronous braking according to the acquired real-time speed and real-time quality of the train on the basis of the principle that unit braking force is equal; the synchronous uniform deceleration braking of each carriage of the train is realized by adjusting the exciting current injected into the synchronous brake of each carriage of the train in real time.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Example 1:

fig. 1 is a flowchart of a synchronous braking control method for each car of a train in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As can be seen from the figure, the synchronous braking control method proposed in the present invention includes the following processes:

firstly, acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of a train and judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly adopting a mechanical friction braking mode to brake the train until the train stops;

and if so, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train.

After the exciting current required by each carriage of the train to realize synchronous braking is calculated, the exciting current needs to be injected into the synchronous brakes of each carriage of the train, the unit braking force of each carriage of the train is equal by adjusting the exciting current injected into the synchronous brakes of each carriage of the train in real time, the synchronous braking of each carriage of the train is realized, and the train is braked by adopting a mechanical friction braking mode until the real-time speed of the train is less than or equal to the set speed.

Next, a detailed description will be given of the specific process of each step of the method for controlling the synchronous braking of each car of a train in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

When the real-time speed of the train is greater than the set speed, the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train needs to be calculated. The process of calculating the excitation current comprises the following steps:

acquiring a brake control signal;

selecting a corresponding braking mode according to the braking control signal;

selecting corresponding unit braking force according to the braking mode;

and calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the unit braking force.

The brake control signals comprise fault alarm signals, emergency brake signals, station-entering brake signals and normal speed regulating signals.

The braking modes include a first braking mode, a second braking mode, and a third braking mode.

Wherein, the fault alarm signal and the emergency brake signal both correspond to the first brake mode; the station entering brake signal corresponds to a second brake mode; the normal throttle signal corresponds to the third braking mode.

A train encounters a number of conditions during its travel:

if the train runs safely from the starting station to the terminal station without natural disasters or mechanical faults, the third braking mode corresponding to the normal speed regulating signal can be selected during the running process of the train, and the second braking mode corresponding to the station entering braking signal can be selected before the train reaches the terminal station.

However, if the train encounters a natural disaster or a mechanical fault during the running process or when the train is about to arrive at a station, the first braking mode corresponding to the fault alarm signal or the emergency braking signal can be selected, and the train can be braked and stopped in the shortest time and the shortest distance as far as possible, so that a major train accident is avoided.

Therefore, when the real-time speed of the train is greater than the set speed, the braking mode selection of the invention can enable the train to quickly deal with various problems encountered in the running or braking process, and improve the safety of the train in the running or braking process.

In addition, if the first braking mode corresponding to the fault alarm signal or the emergency braking signal is selected, the train can brake with the maximum braking force of the synchronous brake in each carriage due to emergency;

if the third braking mode corresponding to the normal speed regulating signal or the second braking mode corresponding to the station entering braking signal is selected, the train can calculate the real-time acceleration of the train according to the braking distance and the real-time speed of the train, and braking is carried out according to the braking force corresponding to the real-time acceleration.

After the corresponding braking force in the running or braking process of the train is selected, the exciting current required by synchronous braking of each carriage of the train is calculated according to the braking force.

The process specifically comprises the following steps: calculating the synthetic magnetic flux of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train according to the braking force; and then calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train according to the synthesized magnetic flux of the synchronous brake in each compartment of the train.

More specifically, the present invention is to provide a novel,

according to Newton's second law equation F_n＝m_na_nAnd total braking torque calculation formulaThe following relationship between braking force and resultant magnetic flux is known:

wherein n represents the number of train cars, F_nMeans the braking force, m, of each train car_nRepresenting the real-time quality of each train car, a_nRepresenting the real-time acceleration, M, of each train car_nRepresenting the total braking torque, R, of each railcar_nThe braking radius of each train car is shown,representing the torque constant, phi, of each train car_nRepresenting the resultant flux of each train car, I_nRepresenting the total armature current for each railcar.

The resultant magnetic flux has the following relationship with the excitation current:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,indicating the field current, phi, of the synchronous brake in each train car_nRepresenting the resultant flux, R, of each train car_nRepresenting the reluctance of the synchronous brake in each train car, N_nIndicating the number of coil turns of the synchronous brake in each railcar.

Through the above process, the exciting current required for realizing the synchronous braking of each carriage of the train can be calculated, and then the exciting current needs to be injected into the synchronous brake of each carriage of the train.

One problem is faced here:

the power supply systems along the railway in different areas are different: some areas are single-phase ac voltage, some areas are three-phase ac voltage, and some areas are dc voltage. The synchronous brake of the invention adopts a direct-current voltage power supply mode. Therefore, power supply systems along the railway in different areas need to be changed so as to provide normal working voltage for the synchronous brake.

Specifically, the mode of adjusting the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each carriage of the train is as follows:

the input voltage of the synchronous brake in each train compartment is regulated by regulating the duty ratio and the trigger delay angle of the switching power supply;

the method comprises the following three regulation modes:

(1) when the power supply system along the railway is a unidirectional alternating voltage, U_d＝0.9U₂ cosa；

(2) When the power supply system along the railway is three-phase alternating-current voltage, U_d＝2.34U₂ cosa；

(3) When the power supply system along the railway is direct-current voltage,

wherein, U_dIndicating the input voltage, U, of the synchronous brake₂Representing the power supply voltage along the railway line, a the delay angle of triggering and D the duty cycle of the switching power supply.

Furthermore, the input voltage of the synchronous brake and the exciting current of the synchronous brake have the following relationship:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,indicating the field current of the synchronous brake in each train car, Z_nRepresenting the reactance of the synchronous brake in each railcar.

The three voltage regulation modes and the relation between the input voltage of the synchronous brake and the exciting current of the synchronous brake can be seen: in order to realize the synchronous braking of each carriage of the train, corresponding exciting current needs to be injected into the synchronous brake of each carriageWhile injecting an exciting currentProvided that the corresponding synchronous brake input voltage U is obtained_d. And the input voltage U of the synchronous brake_dAnd the power supply system along the railway of each area is regulated by regulating the duty ratio and the trigger delay angle of the switching power supply.

Therefore, the process of the invention can directly convert the power supply system along the railway of each area into the input voltage system of the synchronous brake for synchronous braking in the invention, and realize the synchronous braking of each carriage in the train.

In addition to the above, the present invention also introduces a synchronous brake control system for realizing synchronous braking of each car in a train based on the above synchronous brake control method in embodiment 2.

Example 2:

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous brake control system for each car of a train in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

As can be seen, the synchronous brake control system includes a main controller 1, a power conversion controller 2, a shunt 3, and a plurality of synchronous brakes 4.

The main controller 1 is used for acquiring the real-time speed and the real-time quality of the train and judging whether the real-time speed is greater than a set speed or not;

if not, directly adopting a mechanical friction braking mode to brake the train until the train stops; if yes, calculating the exciting current of the synchronous brake 4 in each compartment of the train;

the shunt 3 is used to inject an excitation current to the synchronous brake 4 in each car of the train. And each carriage of the train realizes synchronous braking after the synchronous brake 4 injects exciting current.

When the power supply system along the railway in the area used by the synchronous brake control system of each carriage of the train is the same as the power supply system of the synchronous brake 4 in each carriage of the train, the synchronous brake of each carriage of the train can be realized by directly utilizing the main controller 1 and the shunt 3.

However, when the power supply system along the railway in the area where the synchronous brake control system of each carriage of the train is used is different from the power supply system of the synchronous brake 4 in each carriage of the train, the electric energy conversion controller 2 needs to be additionally added into the system.

The electric energy conversion controller 2 is used for adjusting the input voltage of the synchronous brake 4 in each carriage of the train according to the power supply system along the railway so as to inject exciting current required by synchronous braking into the synchronous brake 4 in each carriage of the train.

The synchronous braking control system provided by the invention is realized based on the synchronous braking control method provided in the embodiment 1, and can effectively weaken and even eliminate the compression force and the impact force of each carriage of the train, so that the synchronous braking of each carriage of the train is realized, and the safety performance of the train in the running and braking processes is improved.

More specifically, the synchronous brake control method and the synchronous brake control system proposed in the present invention can be used to control a double-ring outer tub dual synchronous eddy current brake in each car of a train.

By using the synchronous brake control method in embodiment 1, each double-ring outer barrel compound synchronous eddy current brake in each carriage of the train achieves a state of equal unit brake force, so that hidden dangers and idle running in the braking process of the train are automatically eliminated, compression force and impact force which cannot be eliminated by the existing combined brake method are eliminated, the running and braking safety of the train is improved, and safety conditions are provided for expanded marshalling of the train and other marshalling combinations.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.