阅读说明：本技术 一种高耐磨强韧性NbC基轻质金属陶瓷合金及其制备方法 (NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王忠平 郭光富 于 2020-11-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种高耐磨强韧性NbC基轻质金属陶瓷合金,按质量百分比计,包括如下组分：硬质相粉末：40～85％NbC,10～50％(Nb,M)C粉末；强化相粉末：5～20％WC,0～20％TiC,0～20％TiN,0～15％Mo2C,0～10％TaC的粉末；粘结相粉末：0～20％Ni,0～20％Mo,0～20％Cr,0～15％Co粉末；晶粒抑制相粉末：0～1.5％ZrC,0～1.5％VC；合金添加剂粉末：0～1.2％炭黑,0～1.2％合金性能强化添加剂；其中,所述硬质相粉末、强化相粉末、粘接相粉末、晶粒抑制剂粉末以及炭黑粉末选用微米粉末、亚微米、纳米粉末中的任意一种或几种；本发明采用NbC作硬质相在配制合金中NbC占其主要硬质相成分,与现有的金属陶瓷合金相比,具有密度较低的优点。(The invention provides a high-wear-resistance high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: hard phase powder: 40-85% of NbC, 10-50% (Nb, M) C powder; strengthening phase powder: 5-20% of WC, 0-20% of TiC, 0-20% of TiN, 0-15% of Mo2C and 0-10% of TaC; binder phase powder: 0-20% of Ni, 0-20% of Mo, 0-20% of Cr and 0-15% of Co powder; grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0-1.5% of ZrC and 0-1.5% of VC; alloy additive powder: 0-1.2% of carbon black and 0-1.2% of alloy performance enhancing additive; wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder; the invention adopts NbC as hard phase, and NbC takes up the main hard phase component in the prepared alloy, and compared with the existing metal ceramic alloy, the invention has the advantage of lower density.)

1. The NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

hard phase powder: 40-85% of NbC, 10-50% (Nb, M) C powder;

strengthening phase powder: 5-20% of WC, 0-20% of TiC, 0-20% of TiN, 0-15% of Mo2C and 0-10% of TaC;

binder phase powder: 0-20% of Ni, 0-20% of Mo, 0-20% of Cr and 0-15% of Co powder;

grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0-1.5% of ZrC and 0-1.5% of VC;

alloy additive powder: 0-1.2% of carbon black and 0-1.2% of alloy performance enhancing additive;

wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder.

2. A preparation method of NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: weighing corresponding raw material powder according to a proportion, placing the weighed powder into a mixer for mixing, adding a grinding medium, a dispersing agent and a forming agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a prepared raw material;

s2: putting the prepared raw materials into a grinding hard alloy ball milling tank of a ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;

s3: drying the mixed slurry, and then carrying out sieving or spray granulation by using a 200-350-mesh sieve;

s4: directly filling the sieved mixed material into a mold and pressing into a blank;

s5: firstly, loading a compression molding blank into a low-pressure sintering furnace, starting a power supply of the sintering furnace, and sequentially entering a heating degreasing stage, a solid-phase sintering stage and a liquid-phase sintering stage; and sintering under the condition of low air pressure in the liquid phase stage, wherein the sintering atmosphere is protected by Ar gas, the pressure of the charged gas is 2-8 MPa, the liquid phase enters a furnace cooling stage after the sintering is finished, and then the metal ceramic alloy is taken out of the furnace and taken out.

3. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 2, wherein the grinding medium in the step S1 is hexane or absolute ethyl alcohol, and the mass fraction of the grinding medium in the total amount of the mixture is 0.6-1.7%; the dispersing agent is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, stearic acid or ethofenamine, and the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.2-0.45%; the forming agent is one or more of gasoline and rubber, paraffin, polyvinyl alcohol, synthetic rubber, ethylene glycol or SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) which are used as solutes, and the mass fraction of the forming agent is 2.3-4.9%.

4. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy with high wear resistance and toughness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mixer used in step S1 comprises a mixing tank (1), the mixing tank (1) is cylindrical at the upper part and has a truncated cone-shaped structure with a large-diameter end at the upper end and a small-diameter end at the lower end, the mixing tank (1) is supported by a plurality of support legs (4), a feeding pipe (5) is arranged on the upper end wall of the mixing tank (1), and a discharging mechanism (2) is arranged on the lower end side wall of the mixing tank (1); a round pipe (6) is vertically arranged in the material mixing tank (1), the central axis of the round pipe (6) is collinear with the central axis of the material mixing tank (1), a plurality of connecting rods (7) are arranged at the upper end of the round pipe (6), each connecting rod (7) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the round pipe (6), the round pipe (6) is connected with the upper end wall of the material mixing tank (1) through each connecting rod (7), and a certain distance is reserved between the upper end of the round pipe (6) and the upper end wall of the material mixing tank (1); the vertical pivot (8) that is provided with in pipe (6), the central axis collineation of pivot (8) and pipe (6), be provided with spiral feeding blade (9) on the cylinder wall of pivot (8), the upper end of pivot (8) and spiral feeding blade (9) is higher than the upper end of pipe (6), be provided with agitator motor (10) on the diapire of compounding jar (1), the lower extreme of pivot (8) links to each other with agitator motor (10).

5. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness as claimed in claim 4, wherein a dispersion cover (11) is arranged on the outer tube wall of the round tube (6), and the dispersion cover (11) is of a conical cover structure with a small upper end diameter and a large lower end diameter; the feeding pipes (5) are arranged in a plurality of uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper end wall of the mixing tank (1), and a cover (13) is arranged at the upper end of each feeding pipe (5).

6. The preparation method of the NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy with high wear resistance and toughness as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connecting rod (7) is in the shape of a screw rod, the upper end wall of the mixing bowl (1) is provided with connecting through holes corresponding to the connecting rod (7) at the upper end of the circular tube (6) one by one, each connecting rod (7) passes through each connecting through hole, the connecting rod (7) is provided with two nuts (12), one nut (12) of the two nuts (12) is positioned at the upper side of the upper end wall of the mixing bowl (1), and the other nut (12) is positioned at the lower side of the upper end wall of the mixing bowl (1).

7. The preparation method of the NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy with high wear resistance and toughness as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the discharge mechanism (2) comprises a mixing tank (1) and a plurality of discharge ports and a discharge pipe (21) arranged at the discharge ports, the discharge pipe (21) is arranged perpendicular to the lower side wall of the mixing tank (1), a discharge pipe (22) communicated with the discharge pipe (21) is connected to the lower wall of the discharge pipe (21), and a piston (23) is arranged in the discharge pipe (21); the below of compounding jar is provided with supporting component (3), install electronic jar (24) on supporting component (3), piston rod (2401) and piston (23) of electronic jar (24) link to each other, and the central axis direction of row material pipe (21) is followed to the direction of motion of piston rod (2401).

8. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 7, the output shaft (2401) is provided with two grooves along the length direction of the output shaft (2401), each of the two grooves is provided with an induction sheet (25), an installation plate (26) is arranged on the side wall of the upper end of the outer shell of the electric cylinder (24), a proximity switch (27) is arranged on the mounting plate (26), the proximity switch (27) can detect the two induction sheets (25), and the upper end face of the piston (23) is positioned at the upper port of the discharge pipe (21) when the proximity switch (27) detects the first sensing piece (25), when the proximity switch (27) detects the second sensing piece (25), the discharging pipe (22) is communicated with the interior of the mixing tank through the discharging pipe (21), the proximity switch (27) is electrically connected with a controller of the electric cylinder (24).

9. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 7, wherein the supporting component (3) comprises a first flat plate (30) and a second flat plate (31), two fixed telescopic rods (32) and two movable telescopic rods (33) are vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the first flat plate (30), the four telescopic rods are respectively positioned on four vertexes of the same rectangle, two rectangular grooves (3001) which are parallel to each other are arranged on the upper end surface of the first flat plate (30), the lower ends of the movable telescopic rods (33) are arranged in the rectangular grooves (3001), the movable telescopic rods (33) can freely slide along the groove walls of the rectangular grooves (3001), open through grooves are respectively arranged at the top ends of the inner rods of the fixed telescopic rods (32) and the movable telescopic rods (33), and rotating blocks (34) are hinged in the open through grooves, the upper end of the rotating block (34) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the second flat plate (31); the four corners of the first flat plate (30) are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, and each threaded through hole is internally provided with an adjusting bolt (35).

10. The method for preparing the NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy with high wear resistance and toughness as claimed in claim 9, wherein 2-4 discharge holes are provided and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sidewall of the lower end of the mixing bowl (1), and the discharge tube (21), the discharge tube (22), the piston (23), the electric cylinder (24) and the support assembly (3) are all arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the discharge opening.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal ceramic alloy, in particular to NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Cermets are composite materials consisting of a ceramic hard phase and a metal or alloy binder phase. The cermet has the advantages of both metal and ceramic, and has low density, high hardness, high wear resistance, high heat conductivity and no cracking caused by fast cooling or heating. In addition, a ceramic coating with good air tightness, high melting point and poor heat transfer performance is coated on the surface of the metal, and the metal or alloy can be prevented from being oxidized or corroded at high temperature. The metal ceramic not only has the toughness, high thermal conductivity and good thermal stability of metal, but also has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like of ceramic. The metal ceramic is widely applied to shells of rockets, missiles and supersonic airplanes, flame nozzles of combustion chambers and the like.

However, the existing metal ceramic alloy material has high density, and when the metal ceramic alloy material is used as a space material, the weight of a spacecraft is increased, and more energy sources need to be consumed. The invention discloses a high-wear-resistance high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which has the advantage of lower density compared with the existing metal ceramic alloy. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness and the preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-wear-resistance high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

hard phase powder: 40-85% of NbC, 10-50% (Nb, M) C powder;

strengthening phase powder: 5-20% of WC, 0-20% of TiC, 0-20% of TiN, 0-15% of Mo2C and 0-10% of TaC;

binder phase powder: 0-20% of Ni, 0-20% of Mo, 0-20% of Cr and 0-15% of Co powder;

grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0-1.5% of ZrC and 0-1.5% of VC;

alloy additive powder: 0-1.2% of carbon black and 0-1.2% of alloy performance enhancing additive;

wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder.

In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy with high wear resistance and high toughness, which comprises the following steps:

s1: weighing corresponding raw material powder according to a proportion, placing the weighed powder into a mixer for mixing, adding a grinding medium, a dispersing agent and a forming agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a prepared raw material;

s2: putting the prepared raw materials into a grinding hard alloy ball milling tank of a ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;

s3: drying the mixed slurry, and then carrying out sieving or spray granulation by using a 200-350-mesh sieve;

s4: directly filling the sieved mixed material into a mold and pressing into a blank;

s5: firstly, loading a compression molding blank into a low-pressure sintering furnace, starting a power supply of the sintering furnace, and sequentially entering a heating degreasing stage, a solid-phase sintering stage and a liquid-phase sintering stage; and sintering under the condition of low air pressure in the liquid phase stage, wherein the sintering atmosphere is protected by Ar gas, the pressure of the charged gas is 2-8 MPa, the liquid phase enters a furnace cooling stage after the sintering is finished, and then the metal ceramic alloy is taken out of the furnace and taken out.

Further, in the step S1, the grinding medium is hexane or absolute ethyl alcohol, and the mass fraction of the grinding medium in the total amount of the mixture is 0.6-1.7%; the dispersing agent is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, stearic acid or ethofenamine, and the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.2-0.45%; the forming agent is one or more of gasoline and rubber, paraffin, polyvinyl alcohol, synthetic rubber, ethylene glycol or SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) which are used as solutes, and the mass fraction of the forming agent is 2.3-4.9%.

Further, the material mixing machine used in the step S1 includes a material mixing tank, the upper portion of the material mixing tank is cylindrical, the lower portion of the material mixing tank is a circular truncated cone-shaped structure with a large-diameter end at the upper end and a small-diameter end at the lower end, the material mixing tank is supported by a plurality of support legs, a feeding pipe is arranged on the upper end wall of the material mixing tank, and a discharging mechanism is arranged on the lower end side wall of the material mixing tank; a circular tube is vertically arranged in the material mixing tank, the central axis of the circular tube is collinear with the central axis of the material mixing tank, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged at the upper end of the circular tube, each connecting rod is arranged along the circumferential direction of the circular tube, the circular tube is connected with the upper end wall of the material mixing tank through each connecting rod, and a certain distance is reserved between the upper end of the circular tube and the upper end wall of the material mixing tank; the vertical pivot that is provided with in the pipe, the central axis collineation of pivot and pipe, be provided with spiral feeding blade on the cylinder wall of pivot, the upper end of pivot and spiral feeding blade is higher than the upper end of pipe, be provided with agitator motor on the diapire of compounding jar, the lower extreme and the agitator motor of pivot link to each other.

Furthermore, a dispersing cover is arranged on the outer pipe wall of the circular pipe, and the dispersing cover is of a conical cover structure with a small upper end diameter and a large lower end diameter; the feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of feeding pipes, the feeding pipes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper end wall of the mixing tank, and a cover is arranged at the upper end of each feeding pipe.

Further, the connecting rod is the screw rod form, be provided with the connecting hole with the connecting rod one-to-one of pipe upper end on the upper end wall of compounding jar, each the connecting rod pass in by each connecting hole, install two nuts on the connecting rod, two the nut in one the nut be located the upside of compounding jar upper end wall, another nut is located the downside of compounding jar upper end wall.

Furthermore, the discharge mechanism comprises a plurality of discharge ports and a discharge pipe arranged at the discharge ports, which are arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the mixing tank, the discharge pipe is arranged perpendicular to the side wall of the lower end of the mixing tank, the lower pipe wall of the discharge pipe is connected with a discharge pipe communicated with the discharge pipe, and a piston is arranged in the discharge pipe; the below of compounding jar is provided with supporting component, install electronic jar on the supporting component, electronic jar's piston rod links to each other with the piston, and the central axis direction of piston rod along row material pipe.

Further, be provided with two recesses, two along the length direction of output shaft on the output shaft the recess in respectively be provided with an response piece, be provided with the mounting panel on the upper end lateral wall of electronic jar shell body, be provided with proximity switch on the mounting panel, proximity switch detectable arrives two response pieces, and the up end of piston is located the last port department of row material pipe when proximity switch detects first response piece, and the unloading pipe is linked together through row material pipe and compounding jar inside when proximity switch detects second response piece, proximity switch links to each other with the controller electrical property of electronic jar.

Furthermore, the supporting component comprises a first flat plate and a second flat plate, two fixed telescopic rods and two movable telescopic rods are vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the first flat plate, the four telescopic rods are respectively positioned on four vertexes of the same rectangle, two rectangular grooves which are parallel to each other are arranged on the upper end surface of the first flat plate, the lower ends of the movable telescopic rods are arranged in the rectangular grooves, the movable telescopic rods can freely slide along the groove walls of the rectangular grooves, open through grooves are respectively arranged at the top ends of the fixed telescopic rods and the inner rods of the movable telescopic rods, rotating blocks are hinged in the open through grooves, and the upper ends of the rotating blocks are fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the second flat plate; the four corners of the first flat plate are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, and each threaded through hole is internally provided with an adjusting bolt.

Furthermore, the discharge hole is provided with 2-4, and evenly sets up along the circumferencial direction of compounding jar lower extreme lateral wall, row material pipe, blanking pipe, piston, electronic jar and supporting component all set up with the bin outlet one-to-one.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the cermet alloy provided by the invention adopts cheap Ni powder, Cr powder, Fe powder, NbC powder, Mo2C or TiC powder, carbon black and the like as raw materials, NbC is a hard phase with high strength and good wettability, the melting point of the hard phase is 3480 ℃ usually with the density of 7.56g/cm3 and the microhardness of 1961Kg/cm3, compared with the density of WC hard phase of 15.7g/cm3, the melting point of the microhardness of 1780Kg/cm3 is 2720 ℃, the performance is more advantageous, and NbC is used as the hard phase in the preparation of the alloy to account for the main hard phase component, so that the prepared alloy has lower density, the alloy density is usually 6.25-7.6 g/cm3, and compared with the existing cermet alloy, the cermet alloy has the advantage of lower density.

2. During preparation, the alloy is prepared by combining a solid-phase and liquid-phase low-pressure atmosphere sintering technology, and the hardness and the high-temperature resistance of the alloy are effectively improved under the condition of not reducing the hardness of the alloy.

3. Compared with the existing stirring machine, the stirring machine provided by the invention can convey the materials positioned at the bottom in the mixing tank to the upper end of the circular tube, and the materials fall down randomly through the upper end of the circular tube to cover the upper side of each material in the mixing tank, so that the materials in each layer in the vertical direction in the mixing tank are mixed and stirred, the materials in the mixing tank are more easily stirred uniformly, the stirring efficiency is improved, and the stirring energy consumption is saved.

4. Be provided with the dispersion cover on the outer pipe wall of pipe in the blendor, the dispersion cover is the big toper cover structure of the big lower extreme footpath of the big end footpath of upper end footpath, and the dispersion cover can be with the better dispersion of the material that falls by the pipe upper end, can further improve material misce bene's speed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a high wear-resistant high-toughness NbC-based lightweight cermet alloy according to example four;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mixer according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a transmission structure of a rotating shaft of a mixer according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the mixer of the fourth embodiment with the circular tube, the connecting rod and the dispersing cover connected;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the discharging mechanism and the supporting component in the production of the mixer in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the discharging mechanism and the supporting component in the discharging process of the mixer in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a piston and an output shaft of an electric cylinder in the mixer according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a support assembly of the mixer of the fourth embodiment in a tilted top view;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the support assembly of the mixer in the fourth embodiment at an oblique elevation.

In the figure: 1. a mixing tank; 2. a discharge mechanism; 21. a discharge pipe; 22. a discharging pipe; 23. a piston; 24. an electric cylinder; 2401. a piston rod; 25. an induction sheet; 26. mounting a plate; 27. a proximity switch; 3. a support assembly; 30. a first plate; 3001. a rectangular groove; 31. a second plate; 32. fixing the telescopic rod; 33. moving the telescopic rod; 34. rotating the block; 35. adjusting the bolt; 4. a support leg; 5. a feeding pipe; 6. a circular tube; 7. a connecting rod; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a helical loading blade; 10. a stirring motor; 11. a dispersion cover; 12. a nut; 13. and a cover.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides a high-wear-resistance and high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

hard phase powder: 40% NbC, 10% (Nb, M) C powder;

strengthening phase powder: 5% WC, 5% TiC, 5% TiN, 8% Mo2C, 5% TaC;

binder phase powder: 5% of Ni, 5% of Mo, 5% of Cr and 5% of Co powder;

grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0.5% of ZrC and 0.5% of VC;

alloy additive powder: 0.5 percent of carbon black and 0.5 percent of alloy performance enhancing additive.

Wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder.

Example two:

the embodiment provides a high-wear-resistance and high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

hard phase powder: 70% NbC, 10% (Nb, M) C powder;

strengthening phase powder: powder of 10% WC, 1% TiC, 1% TiN, 1% Mo2C, 1% TaC;

binder phase powder: 1% of Ni, 1% of Mo, 1% of Cr and 1% of Co powder;

grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0.3% of ZrC and 0.7% of VC;

alloy additive powder: 0.4 percent of carbon black and 0.6 percent of alloy performance enhancing additive.

Wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder.

Example three:

the embodiment provides a high-wear-resistance and high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

hard phase powder: 40% NbC, 50% (Nb, M) C powder;

strengthening phase powder: 5% WC, 0.5% TiC, 0.5% TiN, 0.5% Mo2C, 0.5% TaC;

binder phase powder: 0.5% of Ni, 0.5% of Mo, 0.5% of Cr and 0.5% of Co powder;

grain-inhibiting phase powder: 0.2% of ZrC and 0.2% of VC;

alloy additive powder: 0.3 percent of carbon black and 0.3 percent of alloy performance enhancing additive.

Wherein, the hard phase powder, the strengthening phase powder, the bonding phase powder, the grain inhibitor powder and the carbon black powder are any one or more of micron powder, submicron powder and nanometer powder.

The cermet alloy provided by the invention adopts cheap Ni powder, Cr powder, Fe powder, NbC powder, Mo2C or TiC powder, carbon black and the like as raw materials, NbC is a hard phase with high strength and good wettability, the melting point of the hard phase is 3480 ℃ usually with the density of 7.56g/cm3 and the microhardness of 1961Kg/cm3, compared with the density of WC hard phase of 15.7g/cm3, the melting point of the microhardness of 1780Kg/cm3 is 2720 ℃, the performance is more advantageous, and NbC is used as the hard phase in the preparation of the alloy to account for the main hard phase component, so that the prepared alloy has lower density, the alloy density is usually 6.25-7.6 g/cm3, and compared with the existing cermet alloy, the cermet alloy has the advantage of lower density.

Example four:

the embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance and high-toughness NbC-based light metal ceramic alloy, which comprises the following steps:

s1: weighing corresponding raw material powder according to a proportion, placing the weighed powder into a mixer for mixing, adding a grinding medium, a dispersing agent and a forming agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a prepared raw material;

s2: putting the prepared raw materials into a grinding hard alloy ball milling tank of a ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;

s3: drying the mixed slurry, and then carrying out sieving or spray granulation by using a 200-350-mesh sieve;

s4: directly filling the sieved mixed material into a mold and pressing into a blank;

s5: firstly, loading a compression molding blank into a low-pressure sintering furnace, starting a power supply of the sintering furnace, and sequentially entering a heating degreasing stage, a solid-phase sintering stage and a liquid-phase sintering stage; and sintering under the condition of low air pressure in the liquid phase stage, wherein the sintering atmosphere is protected by Ar gas, the pressure of the charged gas is 2-8 MPa, the liquid phase enters a furnace cooling stage after the sintering is finished, and then the metal ceramic alloy is taken out of the furnace and taken out.

In the step S1, the grinding medium is hexane or absolute ethyl alcohol, and the mass fraction of the grinding medium in the total amount of the mixture is 0.6-1.7%; the dispersing agent is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, stearic acid or ethofenamine, and the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.2-0.45%; the forming agent is one or more of gasoline and rubber, paraffin, polyvinyl alcohol, synthetic rubber, ethylene glycol or SBS as solute, and the mass fraction is 2.3-4.9%.

When the method is used for preparing the alloy, the solid-phase and liquid-phase low-pressure atmosphere sintering technologies are combined to prepare the alloy, so that the hardness and the high-temperature resistance of the alloy are effectively improved under the condition of not reducing the hardness of the alloy.

The mixer used in the step S1 includes a mixing tank 1, the upper part of the mixing tank 1 is cylindrical, the lower part is a circular truncated cone-shaped structure with a large-diameter end at the upper end and a small-diameter end at the lower end, the mixing tank 1 is supported by a plurality of support legs 4, a feeding pipe 5 is arranged on the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1, and a discharging mechanism 2 is arranged on the lower end side wall of the mixing tank 1; a circular tube 6 is vertically arranged in the mixing tank 1, the central axis of the circular tube 6 is collinear with the central axis of the mixing tank 1, a plurality of connecting rods 7 are arranged at the upper end of the circular tube 6, each connecting rod 7 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the circular tube 6, the circular tube 6 is connected with the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1 through each connecting rod 7, and a certain distance is reserved between the upper end of the circular tube 6 and the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1; the vertical pivot 8 that is provided with in the pipe 6, the central axis collineation of pivot 8 and pipe 6 is provided with spiral feeding blade 9 on the cylinder wall of pivot 8, and the upper end of pivot 8 and spiral feeding blade 9 is higher than the upper end of pipe 6, is provided with agitator motor 10 on the diapire of compounding jar 1, and the lower extreme of pivot 8 links to each other with agitator motor 10.

The existing stirrer drives the stirring blades to stir through the stirring shaft, and the materials on each layer in the stirring tank 1 in the vertical direction are difficult to be uniformly mixed due to the fact that the density difference of different materials is large. When this blendor used, each component that will weigh drops into in the compounding jar 1 through feeding pipe 5, start agitator motor 10, agitator motor 10 drives pivot 8 and spiral feeding blade 9 and rotates, the material that will be located compounding jar 1 bottom is carried to the upper end of pipe 6, the upper end through pipe 6 falls at random, cover the upside of each material in compounding jar 1, so realized the mixing stirring of each layer material in the vertical direction in compounding jar 1, it is even to change the material stirring in compounding jar 1 in, the stirring efficiency is improved, the stirring power consumption has been practiced thrift.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a dispersing cover 11 is disposed on the outer wall of the circular tube 6, the dispersing cover 11 is a conical cover structure with a smaller upper end diameter and a larger lower end diameter, and the dispersing cover 11 can better disperse the material falling from the upper end of the circular tube 6, thereby further increasing the speed of uniformly mixing the material. Throw material pipe 5 and be provided with a plurality ofly, and evenly set up along the circumferencial direction of mixing tank 1 upper end wall, throw material through each throw material pipe 5 in to mixing tank 1 evenly, the upper end of throwing material pipe 5 is provided with lid 13, throws material and covers lid 13 after accomplishing.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the connecting rod 7 is in a screw rod shape, the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1 is provided with connecting through holes corresponding to the connecting rods 7 at the upper end of the circular tube 6 one by one, each connecting rod 7 passes through each connecting through hole, two nuts 12 are mounted on the connecting rod 7, one nut 12 of the two nuts 12 is located on the upper side of the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1, and the other nut 12 is located on the lower side of the upper end wall of the mixing tank 1, so that the height position of the circular tube 6 can be conveniently adjusted, a proper distance is reserved between the lower end of the circular tube 6 and the inner bottom wall of the mixing tank 1, and the materials can be conveniently brought to the upper end of the circular. But also so arranged as to facilitate fixing of the position of the circular tube 6.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the discharging mechanism 2 includes a plurality of discharging openings and a discharging pipe 21 disposed at the discharging openings, the discharging pipe 21 is disposed perpendicular to the lower side wall of the mixing tank 1, a discharging pipe 22 connected to the discharging pipe 21 is connected to the lower wall of the discharging pipe 21, and a piston 23 is disposed in the discharging pipe 21; a supporting assembly 3 is arranged below the mixing tank, an electric cylinder 24 is mounted on the supporting assembly 3, a piston rod 2401 of the electric cylinder 24 is connected with a piston 23, and the moving direction of the piston rod 2401 is along the central axis direction of the discharging pipe 21.

Referring to fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, two grooves are formed in the output shaft 2401 along the length direction of the output shaft 2401, one sensing piece 25 is disposed in each of the two grooves, a mounting plate 26 is disposed on the upper end side wall of the outer shell of the electric cylinder 24, a proximity switch 27 is disposed on the mounting plate 26, the proximity switch 27 can detect the two sensing pieces 25, the upper end surface of the piston 23 is located at the upper end of the discharge pipe 21 when the proximity switch 27 detects the first sensing piece 25, the discharge pipe 22 is communicated with the interior of the mixing tank through the discharge pipe 21 when the proximity switch 27 detects the second sensing piece 25, and the proximity switch 27 is electrically connected with a controller of the electric cylinder 24. When proximity switch 27 detected response piece 25, proximity switch 27 signals to the controller of electronic jar 24, and electronic jar 24 out of service is controlled to the controller, needs electronic jar 24 when moving again, and accessible manual button switch restart electronic jar 24 can.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the supporting assembly 3 includes a first plate 30 and a second plate 31, two fixed telescopic rods 32 and two movable telescopic rods 33 are vertically disposed on an upper end surface of the first plate 30, the four telescopic rods are respectively located on four vertexes of the same rectangle, two rectangular grooves 3001 parallel to each other are disposed on the upper end surface of the first plate 30, a lower end of each movable telescopic rod 33 is disposed in the rectangular groove 3001, each movable telescopic rod 33 can freely slide along a groove wall of the rectangular groove 3001, open through grooves are disposed at top ends of inner rods of the fixed telescopic rods 32 and the movable telescopic rods 33, a rotating block 34 is hinged in each open through groove, and an upper end of each rotating block 34 is fixedly connected with a lower end surface of the second plate 31; the four corners of the first plate 30 are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, each threaded through hole is provided with an adjusting bolt 35, the adjusting bolts 35 play a role in compensation and adjustment, and meanwhile, the supporting assembly can be suitable for uneven supporting surfaces.

The discharge hole is provided with 2-4, and evenly sets up along the circumferencial direction of 1 lower extreme lateral wall of compounding jar, and blow off pipe 21, unloading pipe 22, piston 23, electronic jar 24 and supporting component 3 all set up with the bin outlet one-to-one, set up a plurality of discharge holes, can make row material speed faster.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.