阅读说明：本技术 一种基于电机驱动的制动器换挡装置及车辆 (Brake gear shifting device based on motor drive and vehicle ) 是由 应文豪 吴勇 林立 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于电机驱动的制动器换挡装置及车辆,所述制动器换挡装置包括助力电机、传动机构及换挡机构；所述传动机构包括丝杆、螺母、圆柱齿套及导向键；所述丝杆上设有外螺纹,所述螺母上设有与丝杆上外螺纹相适配的内螺纹,所述螺母螺纹连接于丝杆上,所述圆柱齿套套接设置在丝杆上,所述圆柱齿套的底部设有卡齿,所述螺母及圆柱齿套通过导向键连接,所述导向键用于带动圆柱齿套随着螺母在丝杆上往复直线运动；所述丝杆与助力电机传动连接；所述换挡机构包括扇形齿轮、凸轮轴及凸轮,所述扇形齿轮与圆柱齿套底部的卡齿相啮合,所述扇形齿轮的一端与凸轮轴通过花键连接,所述凸轮轴设置在凸轮上。具有良好的自锁性,工作寿命时间长。(The invention relates to a brake gear shifting device based on motor driving and a vehicle, wherein the brake gear shifting device comprises a power-assisted motor, a transmission mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism; the transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut, a cylindrical gear sleeve and a guide key; the screw rod is provided with external threads, the nut is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the screw rod, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the cylindrical gear sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod, the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve is provided with a latch, the nut and the cylindrical gear sleeve are connected through a guide key, and the guide key is used for driving the cylindrical gear sleeve to linearly reciprocate on the screw rod along with the nut; the screw rod is in transmission connection with the power-assisted motor; the gear shifting mechanism comprises a sector gear, a cam shaft and a cam, wherein the sector gear is meshed with a latch at the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve, one end of the sector gear is connected with the cam shaft through a spline, and the cam shaft is arranged on the cam. Has good self-locking performance and long service life.)

1. A brake gear shifting device based on motor driving is characterized by comprising a power-assisted motor, a transmission mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut, a cylindrical gear sleeve and a guide key;

the screw rod is provided with external threads, the nut is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the screw rod, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the cylindrical gear sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod, the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve is provided with a latch, the nut and the cylindrical gear sleeve are connected through a guide key, and the guide key is used for driving the cylindrical gear sleeve to linearly reciprocate on the screw rod along with the nut;

the screw rod is in transmission connection with the power-assisted motor;

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a sector gear, a cam shaft and a cam, wherein the sector gear is meshed with a latch at the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve, one end of the sector gear is connected with the cam shaft through a spline, and the cam shaft is arranged on the cam.

2. The motor drive based brake shift device of claim 1, wherein the transmission further includes a wave spring disposed between the nut and the cylindrical sleeve gear.

3. The brake shifting device based on motor driving of claim 1, wherein the nut is provided with a key slot, one end of the guide key is provided with a first convex portion, the other end of the guide key is provided with a second convex portion, a clamping groove is formed between the first convex portion and the second convex portion, the first convex portion of the guide key is embedded in the key slot of the nut, and the cylindrical gear sleeve is arranged in the clamping groove.

4. The motor drive based brake shift device of claim 1, further comprising an angle sensor and a yoke; one end of the shifting fork piece is fixedly connected with the angle sensor;

the top of the guide key is provided with a roller pin, and the roller pin is in contact connection with the shifting fork piece.

5. The brake shifting apparatus based on motor drive of claim 1, further comprising a speed reducer, wherein the lead screw is in transmission connection with the power motor through the speed reducer.

6. The motor-drive based brake shift device of claim 5, wherein the speed reducer is a two-stage gear speed reducer.

7. A vehicle provided with a gear shifting device, characterized in that the gear shifting device is a brake gear shifting device based on motor drive according to any one of claims 1-6.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of braking, in particular to a brake gear shifting device based on motor driving and a vehicle.

Background

The vehicle shift actuator on the market mainly has two driving modes, one is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, such as an automatic shift mechanism for a manual transmission disclosed in publication No. CN102606725A, and the other is driven by a cylinder, such as a speed change device, a shift control method, an electric vehicle drive system and an electric vehicle disclosed in publication No. CN 109826947A. The hydraulic cylinder driving and air cylinder driving modes are adopted, the structure is simple, the gear shifting function of the automobile can be well realized, but the hydraulic cylinder and the air cylinder have the problems which are difficult to avoid due to the fact that the environment of the automobile in the driving process is severe and after the automobile continuously works for a period of time; such as:

after the hydraulic cylinder works for a long time, the oil leakage phenomenon is easy to occur, and the reason for the oil leakage is mainly divided into inner leakage and outer leakage:

(1) inner leakage:

firstly, the wear-resistant ring on the piston is seriously worn, so that the friction between the piston and the cylinder sleeve is caused, and the piston and the seal are damaged by pulling;

sealing fails after long-term use, and piston sealing is aged;

impurities enter the oil cylinder to wear the seal to be bad;

(2) and (3) leakage:

firstly, the joint of an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe of the oil cylinder is cracked;

the extension end of the piston rod is damaged by the sealing matched with the piston rod;

the normal working performance of the hydraulic cylinder can be influenced by the oil leakage condition, and the leaked oil is not easy to treat and can also influence the environment;

when the vehicle without an air source uses an air pressure driving mode, an air pump needs to be added independently, so that a lot of inconvenience is caused; when the pneumatic cylinder works, because the air has compressibility, the action of the pneumatic cylinder is easy to change due to the change of load, and the precise control is difficult to realize; the friction force accounts for a larger proportion of the thrust force during working, so the problem of low efficiency exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, a brake gear shifting device based on motor driving and a vehicle need to be provided, and the problems that oil leakage exists when a hydraulic cylinder is used for driving an existing gear shifting mechanism, precise control is difficult to achieve when the air cylinder is used for driving the existing gear shifting mechanism, an air pump needs to be added independently, efficiency is not high and the like are solved.

In order to achieve the above object, the inventor provides a brake gear shifting device based on motor drive, which comprises a power-assisted motor, a transmission mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut, a cylindrical gear sleeve and a guide key;

the screw rod is provided with external threads, the nut is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the screw rod, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the cylindrical gear sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod, the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve is provided with a latch, the nut and the cylindrical gear sleeve are connected through a guide key, and the guide key is used for driving the cylindrical gear sleeve to linearly reciprocate on the screw rod along with the nut;

the screw rod is in transmission connection with the power-assisted motor;

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a sector gear, a cam shaft and a cam, wherein the sector gear is meshed with a latch at the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve, one end of the sector gear is connected with the cam shaft through a spline, and the cam shaft is arranged on the cam.

Further optimize, drive mechanism still includes wave spring, wave spring sets up between nut and cylinder tooth cover.

Further preferably, a key groove is formed in the nut, a first convex portion is arranged at one end of the guide key, a second convex portion is arranged at the other end of the guide key, a clamping groove is formed between the first convex portion and the second convex portion, the first convex portion of the guide key is embedded in the key groove of the nut, and the cylindrical gear sleeve is arranged in the clamping groove.

Further optimizing, the device also comprises an angle sensor and a shifting fork piece; one end of the shifting fork piece is fixedly connected with the angle sensor;

the top of the guide key is provided with a roller pin, and the roller pin is in contact connection with the shifting fork piece.

Further optimizing, still include the reduction gear, the lead screw passes through the reduction gear and is connected with the driving motor transmission.

Preferably, the speed reducer is a two-stage gear speed reducer.

Still provide another technical scheme: a vehicle is provided with a gear shifting device, and the gear shifting device is the brake gear shifting device based on motor driving.

Be different from prior art, above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs shift gears the operation, input the lead screw with transmission torque through helping hand motor, make the lead screw rotate, and then drive nut reciprocating linear motion on the lead screw, be connected nut and cylinder tooth cover through the guide key, make cylinder tooth cover along with the nut reciprocating linear motion on the lead screw through the guide key, and the latch and sector gear meshing are gone up to the cylinder tooth cover, when cylinder gear carries out reciprocating linear motion, drive sector gear motion simultaneously, and pass through splined connection between sector gear and the camshaft, and then it is rotatory to drive camshaft and cam, and the rotatory in-process of cam, it combines with the brake drum to strut the brake shoe, produce friction torque, and then realize the stopper function of shifting gears. The realization has reduced the required space that occupies of its work under not influencing other operating condition, and mechanical structure is compacter moreover, has good auto-lock nature simultaneously, compares in pneumatic cylinder and cylinder drive mode, has better stability, receives operational environment's influence less to realize steadily shifting, working life time is long.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor-driven brake shift device;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving machine according to the embodiment.

Description of reference numerals:

110. a power-assisted motor is arranged on the frame,

121. a screw rod is arranged on the screw rod,

122. a nut is arranged on the upper surface of the shell,

123. the cylindrical gear sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the gear sleeve,

124. a guide key is arranged on the guide plate,

125. a wave-shaped spring is arranged on the upper surface of the shell,

126. the needle roller is arranged on the upper surface of the roller,

131. a sector gear is arranged on the upper portion of the shell,

132. a cam shaft,

133. a cam is arranged on the upper portion of the frame,

141. an angle sensor is arranged on the base plate and is used for detecting the angle of the base plate,

142. a shifting fork piece is arranged on the front end of the fork,

150. a speed reducer is arranged on the front end of the main shaft,

210. a guide sleeve is arranged on the upper surface of the guide sleeve,

220. a cylindrical sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder,

230. a housing.

Detailed Description

To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a brake shifting device based on motor driving, which includes a power-assisted motor 110, a transmission mechanism and a shifting mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod 121, a nut 122, a cylindrical gear sleeve 123 and a guide key 124;

the screw rod 121 is provided with external threads, the nut 122 is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the screw rod 121, the nut 122 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 121, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is sleeved on the screw rod 121, the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is provided with a latch, the nut 122 and the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 are connected through a guide key 124, and the guide key 124 is used for driving the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 to linearly reciprocate on the screw rod 121 along with the nut 122;

the screw rod 121 is in transmission connection with the power-assisted motor 110;

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a sector gear 131, a cam shaft 132 and a cam 133, wherein the sector gear 131 is meshed with a clamping tooth at the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve 123, one end of the sector gear 131 is connected with the cam shaft 132 through a spline, and the cam shaft 132 is arranged on the cam 133.

When gear shifting operation is needed, transmission torque is input to the screw rod 121 through the power-assisted motor 110, the screw rod 121 is made to rotate, the nut 122 is further driven to do reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121, the nut 122 is connected with the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 through the guide key 124, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 makes reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121 along with the nut 122 through the guide key 124, a latch on the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is meshed with the sector gear 131, when the cylindrical gear does reciprocating linear motion, the sector gear 131 is driven to move at the same time, the sector gear 131 is connected with the cam shaft 132 through a spline, the cam shaft 132 and the cam 133 are further driven to rotate, and in the rotating process of the cam 133, a brake shoe is spread to be combined with a brake drum, friction torque is generated, and the gear shifting function of the brake is further realized. The realization has reduced the required space that occupies of its work under not influencing other operating condition, and mechanical structure is compacter moreover, has good auto-lock nature simultaneously, compares in pneumatic cylinder and cylinder drive mode, has better stability, receives operational environment's influence less to realize steadily shifting, working life time is long.

The transmission mode of the brake gear shifting device is gear transmission and lead screw 121 transmission, which are mechanical transmission, so that the rigidity of the whole system is strong, the capacity of bearing impact is weak, after the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 moves to a working position, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 can roll back due to vehicle vibration and the gap between the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 and the sector gear 131, and the output torque of the transmission system is greatly influenced and the working performance of the transmission system is reduced although the rigidity of the whole system is strong and the whole system only rolls back for a very small distance, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a wave spring 125, wherein the wave spring 125 is arranged between the nut 122 and the cylindrical gear sleeve 123. By adding the wave spring 125 between the nut 122 and the cylindrical gear sleeve 123, a flexible link is added on the system, so that the working performance of the whole system is better improved.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the nut 122 to drive the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 to reciprocate linear motion on the screw rod 121, a key slot is formed in the nut 122, a first convex part is arranged at one end of the guide key 124, a second convex part is arranged at the other end of the guide key 124, a clamping groove is formed between the first convex part and the second convex part, the first convex part of the guide key 124 is embedded in the key slot of the nut 122, and the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is arranged in the clamping groove. Through embedding the first convex part of the one end of the guide key 124 on the key groove of the nut 122, when the screw rod 121 rotates, due to the matching of the key groove on the nut 122 and the guide key 124, the nut 122 makes a reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121, and due to the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 arranged in the clamping groove, when the nut 122 makes a reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is driven to make a reciprocating linear motion through the guide key 124. In other embodiments, a projection may be disposed on the nut 122, a slot is disposed on the guide key 124, and the projection on the nut 122 is embedded in the slot of the guide key 124, so that the nut 122 can perform a reciprocating linear motion on the lead screw 121; a clamping groove can also be formed in the cylindrical gear sleeve 123, and the second convex part of the guide key 124 is embedded in the clamping groove of the cylindrical gear sleeve 123, so that the guide key 124 drives the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 to perform reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121 along with the nut 122.

In the present embodiment, in order to facilitate the control system to control the gear shifting operation, the gear shifting device further includes an angle sensor 141 and a shift fork 142; one end of the shifting fork piece 142 is fixedly connected to the angle sensor 141;

the top of the guide key 124 is provided with a roller pin 126, and the roller pin 126 is in contact connection with the shifting fork 142.

Through inserting the kingpin 126 on the guide key 124, the kingpin 126 makes linear motion along with the guide key 124, and the kingpin 126 can drive the shift fork 142 connected with the angle sensor 141 to rotate in the process of linear motion, and the angle sensor 141 can record the angle change of the shift fork 142, and the angle change of the shift fork 142 can reflect the operation of the gear shifting process, so that the control system can accurately control the gear shifting operation.

In the embodiment, in order to facilitate the torque of the assist motor 110 to be input to the lead screw 121, a speed reducer 150 is further included, and the lead screw 121 is in transmission connection with the assist motor 110 through the speed reducer 150. The speed reducer 150 is arranged between the power motor 110 and the screw rod 121, the power motor 110 drives the speed reducer 150, and then the torque is input into the screw rod 121, so that the torque suitable for the work of the screw rod 121 can be output. Wherein the reducer 150 is a two-stage gear reducer. In other embodiments, the reducer 150 may also be a worm reducer or a planetary reducer.

In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism further includes a guide sleeve 210, a cylindrical sleeve 220 and a housing 230, the lead screw 121, the nut 122, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 and the guide key 124 are disposed in the cylindrical sleeve 220, the guide sleeve 210 is disposed at one end of the cylindrical sleeve 220, the housing 230 is disposed at the other end of the cylindrical sleeve 220, one end of the lead screw 121 is movably connected to the guide sleeve 210 through a bearing, and the other end of the lead screw 121 is movably connected to the housing 230 through a bearing; the movable range of the cylindrical sleeve 220 is limited through conduction, and the top of the cylindrical sleeve 220 is provided with an upper opening which is used for limiting the moving direction of the guide key 124 and enabling the roller pin 126 on the guide key 124 to pass through the upper opening to be in contact with the shifting fork 142; the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve 220 is provided with a lower opening, and the lower opening is used for meshing the sector gear 131 with the cylindrical gear sleeve 123; thereby realizing the gear shifting function, and simultaneously, the switch-on has the function of storing lubricating grease; the main function of the housing 230 is to fix and support the wire 121, and can be connected to other housings 230.

In another embodiment, a vehicle is provided with a gear shifting device, and the gear shifting device is a brake gear shifting device based on motor drive as described in the above embodiments.

The brake gear shifting device based on motor driving comprises a power-assisted motor 110, a transmission mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod 121, a nut 122, a cylindrical gear sleeve 123 and a guide key 124;

the screw rod 121 is provided with external threads, the nut 122 is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the screw rod 121, the nut 122 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 121, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is sleeved on the screw rod 121, the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is provided with a latch, the nut 122 and the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 are connected through a guide key 124, and the guide key 124 is used for driving the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 to linearly reciprocate on the screw rod 121 along with the nut 122;

the screw rod 121 is in transmission connection with the power-assisted motor 110;

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a sector gear 131, a cam shaft 132 and a cam 133, wherein the sector gear 131 is meshed with a clamping tooth at the bottom of the cylindrical gear sleeve 123, one end of the sector gear 131 is connected with the cam shaft 132 through a spline, and the cam shaft 132 is arranged on the cam 133.

When gear shifting operation is needed, transmission torque is input to the screw rod 121 through the power-assisted motor 110, the screw rod 121 is made to rotate, the nut 122 is further driven to do reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121, the nut 122 is connected with the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 through the guide key 124, the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 makes reciprocating linear motion on the screw rod 121 along with the nut 122 through the guide key 124, a latch on the cylindrical gear sleeve 123 is meshed with the sector gear 131, when the cylindrical gear does reciprocating linear motion, the sector gear 131 is driven to move at the same time, the sector gear 131 is connected with the cam shaft 132 through a spline, the cam shaft 132 and the cam 133 are further driven to rotate, and in the rotating process of the cam 133, a brake shoe is spread to be combined with a brake drum, friction torque is generated, and the gear shifting function of the brake is further realized. The realization has reduced the required space that occupies of its work under not influencing other operating condition, and mechanical structure is compacter moreover, has good auto-lock nature simultaneously, compares in pneumatic cylinder and cylinder drive mode, has better stability, receives operational environment's influence less to realize steadily shifting, working life time is long.

It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.