阅读说明：本技术 一种基于面曝光复合多材料能场约束件增材制造装置及方法 (Surface exposure based composite multi-material energy field restraint additive manufacturing device and method ) 是由 沈理达 刘富玺 谢德巧 吕非 晁龙 邱明波 赵剑峰 于 2020-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于面曝光复合多材料能场约束件增材制造装置及方法,采用面曝光能场约束件增材制造装置,通过装置内部工位的切换实现复合材料成形和功能部件嵌入。在成形一种类型的液态复合材料后,可根据实际需求进行该材料成形或切换另一种工位进行其他复合材料的成形,切换液槽前,需要对成形部分进行清洗、干燥,避免材料间的相互影响,如此往复工作,最终实现复合材料能场约束件的增材制造。本发明利用面曝光能场约束件增材制造装置,通过采用结构简单的旋转工位,有效节省设备空间,工序之间动作连贯,节约了成形时间,降低了成本,在能场约束件如海洋传感器、复杂场天线等有着良好的应用前景。(The invention discloses a surface exposure based composite multi-material energy field restraint additive manufacturing device and method. After one type of liquid composite material is formed, the material can be formed or another station can be switched to form other composite materials according to actual requirements, the forming part needs to be cleaned and dried before a liquid tank is switched, the mutual influence among the materials is avoided, the operation is repeated, and finally the additive manufacturing of the composite material energy field restraint part is realized. The surface exposure energy field restraint additive manufacturing device effectively saves equipment space by adopting the rotating station with a simple structure, has continuous actions among working procedures, saves forming time, reduces cost, and has good application prospect in energy field restraints such as ocean sensors, complex field antennas and the like.)

1. The additive manufacturing device is characterized by comprising an upper surface exposure system, a middle multi-station layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper multi-station layer and the lower layer are connected through mechanical parts to form an upper, middle and lower ladder configuration, and the upper surface exposure system selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank to be cured and formed on the lower layer; the multi-station layer is used for finishing the photocuring forming of various liquid photocuring materials, and the processing among different procedures is finished through the rotary switching of the multi-station layer; and forming a plurality of liquid photocuring materials and extrusion materials on a forming part workbench of the underlying layer, and repeating the steps in such a way to complete the forming of the composite multi-material energy field restraint part.

2. The surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field restraint member additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-station layer is located below the light source and comprises a plurality of material liquid tanks, different types of liquid light-curing materials are respectively contained in the material liquid tanks, and the liquid tanks are switched through selection and installation of stations, so that light-curing forming of different materials is completed.

3. The additive manufacturing device for the surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field restraint member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid photo-curing material contained in the multi-material liquid tank is a liquid polymer material added with ceramic, metal particles or fibers as a reinforcing phase, and the proportion of the reinforcing phase is not more than 15%.

4. The additive manufacturing device of claim 2, wherein the material tanks are provided with heating and heat dissipation devices to ensure that the temperature in the material tanks meets the requirements.

5. The surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field restraint member additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-station layer comprises a cleaning tank, a plurality of material liquid tanks, a hot air fan drying tank and a jet injection/extrusion module, after the forming of the material A is completed in the material liquid tank A, the forming part workbench of the underlying layer rotates to the cleaning tank for cleaning, then is transferred to the hot air fan drying tank for drying, and then is transferred to the material liquid tank B for forming of the material B; if other dissimilar materials need to be added in midway, an air flow auxiliary isolation system is needed, the air flow auxiliary isolation system comprises a special jet flow injection/extrusion module, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: after a certain layer of light curing is finished, switching to an airflow auxiliary isolation system, utilizing the design of a double-layer pipeline in a jet injection/extrusion module, introducing high-pressure nitrogen into the outer layer, pushing liquid resin in a region to be formed away, forming an air curtain to isolate the liquid resin from flowing in, introducing dissimilar materials into the inner layer, and directly forming the region to be deposited in a spraying mode, wherein the in-situ forming of the composite material is realized in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials.

6. The additive manufacturing device for the surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field restraint member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaning tank adopts ultrasonic cleaning for 10-15 s; the hot air fan drying tank adopts hot air for drying, and the temperature is 20-30 ℃.

7. The additive manufacturing device based on the surface exposure composite multi-material energy field restraint member of claim 1, wherein the surface exposure system of the upper layer adopts the current DLP ultraviolet digital projection technology, utilizes a 405nm light source, selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank, and cures and forms the lower layer.

8. The surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field constraint additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-station layer realizes rotation and lifting between the stations through a rotating station table and a lifting platform.

9. A method of additive manufacturing of an energy field confining element using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

(1) establishing a three-dimensional model of the energy field constraint part to be processed by using three-dimensional modeling software in a computer, storing the three-dimensional model as an STL file after modeling is completed, partitioning the model file according to requirements required to be met by different material areas, and selecting different processing modes for different areas;

(2) importing the processed model file into a system, and selecting a corresponding processing mode by the system according to preset information;

(3) when the material B is required to be formed, the forming part workbench of the lower layer is lifted, then the lower workbench rotates to a cleaning tank and a hot fan drying tank along with the multi-station layer in sequence, and the formed part is cleaned and dried to prevent mutual pollution of material pieces; for the dissimilar materials needing to be synchronously formed, a jet flow injection/extrusion module of a special airflow auxiliary isolation system is used, high-pressure nitrogen is connected to an outer layer pipeline to push liquid resin in a forming area away and isolate the liquid resin from flowing into a layer air curtain, the dissimilar materials connected to an inner layer are directly formed in the area to be deposited through the sprayed vow, and the composite material is formed in situ in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials, so that the circulation is repeated, and the material increase manufacturing of the energy field restriction piece of the composite multiple materials is completed;

(4) and after the part entity after being processed is taken out, the surface is processed, and whether the corresponding function of each part in the part entity can be realized is tested, so that the processing and the preparation of the field restraining part are finally completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printing technology, in particular to a surface exposure based composite multi-material energy field restraint additive manufacturing device and method.

Background

With the continuous development of the subjects such as mechanical equipment technology, material science, biomedicine, clinical medicine, communication science and the like and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, people pay more attention to the efficient application problem of various energy fields, the requirements on special functional devices with energy field constraint structural parts such as high-performance sensors, wearable medical equipment and the like are stronger, and the composite (composite material system), structural function integration (mechanics + function) and bionic intelligence (good matching and response to human bodies) tend to become the development direction of the materials and the instruments in the future. However, the physical properties and the combined structural features of these materials are very different from those of the existing common additive manufacturing products, and cannot be formed according to the mature printing scheme, and on the basis of carrying out structural design aiming at different adaptive environments, service performance, application requirements and human body movement/response features of the products, printing equipment and processes matched with the materials must be developed.

Aiming at the contradiction that the material, the structure and the function are not uniform mainly existing in the manufacturing process and the equipment of the energy field constraint structural member, the forming precision is improved, the energy field constraint structural member meeting the specific function is manufactured, and the function integrated printing of various composite materials is realized. An effective method is needed to be provided for the forming and processing of the energy field constraint structural member with high performance, compound, structural function integration and bionic intelligence.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing device for a surface exposure-based composite multi-material energy field restraint, which efficiently utilizes a forming space, saves area, reduces cost and has a compact structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy field confining element additive manufacturing method using the above apparatus, which solves the problem that only one material can be formed by conventional surface exposure and the formed part has a single function.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an additive manufacturing device based on a surface exposure composite multi-material energy field restraint part, which comprises an upper surface exposure system, a middle multi-station layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer, the middle multi-station layer and the lower layer are connected through mechanical parts to form an upper step, a middle step and a lower step, and the upper surface exposure system selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank to be cured and formed on the lower layer; the multi-station layer is used for finishing the photocuring forming of various liquid photocuring materials, and the processing among different procedures is finished through the rotary switching of the multi-station layer; and forming a plurality of liquid photocuring materials and extrusion materials on a forming part workbench of the underlying layer, and repeating the steps in such a way to complete the forming of the composite multi-material energy field restraint part.

Preferably, the multistation layer is located the light source below, including a plurality of material liquid grooves, holds different kinds of liquid photocuring material respectively in a plurality of material liquid grooves, thereby accomplishes the photocuring of different materials and takes shape through the selection dress switching cistern of station.

Preferably, the liquid light-cured material contained in the multi-material liquid tank is a liquid high polymer material added with ceramic, metal particles or fibers as a reinforcing phase, and the proportion of the reinforcing phase is not more than 15%.

Preferably, a plurality of material liquid tanks are provided with heating and radiating devices, so that the temperature in the material liquid tanks can meet the requirements.

Preferably, the multi-station layer comprises a cleaning tank, a plurality of material liquid tanks, a hot air fan drying tank and a jet injection/extrusion module, after the material A is formed in the material liquid tank, a forming part workbench positioned on the lower layer rotates to the cleaning tank to be cleaned, then the forming part workbench is transferred to the hot air fan drying tank to be dried, and then the forming part workbench is transferred to the material liquid tank B to be formed; if other dissimilar materials need to be added in midway, an air flow auxiliary isolation system is needed, the air flow auxiliary isolation system comprises a special jet flow injection/extrusion module, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: after a certain layer of light curing is finished, switching to an airflow auxiliary isolation system, utilizing the design of a double-layer pipeline in a jet injection/extrusion module, introducing high-pressure nitrogen into the outer layer, pushing liquid resin in a region to be formed away, forming an air curtain to isolate the liquid resin from flowing in, introducing dissimilar materials into the inner layer, and directly forming the region to be deposited in a spraying mode, wherein the in-situ forming of the composite material is realized in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials.

Preferably, the cleaning tank adopts ultrasonic cleaning, and the cleaning time is 10-15 s; the hot air fan drying tank adopts hot air for drying, and the temperature is 20-30 ℃.

Preferably, the upper layer surface exposure system adopts the current DLP ultraviolet digital projection technology, utilizes a 405nm light source, selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank, and cures and forms the lower layer.

Preferably, the multi-station layer realizes rotation and lifting between stations through a rotating station platform and a lifting platform.

The energy field restraint additive manufacturing method adopting the device comprises the following steps of:

(1) establishing a three-dimensional model of the energy field constraint part to be processed by using three-dimensional modeling software in a computer, storing the three-dimensional model as an STL file after modeling is completed, partitioning the model file according to requirements required to be met by different material areas, and selecting different processing modes for different areas;

(2) importing the processed model file into a system, and selecting a corresponding processing mode by the system according to preset information;

(3) when the material B is required to be formed, the forming part workbench of the lower layer is lifted, then the lower workbench rotates to a cleaning tank and a hot fan drying tank along with the multi-station layer in sequence, and the formed part is cleaned and dried to prevent mutual pollution of material pieces; for the dissimilar materials needing to be synchronously formed, a jet flow injection/extrusion module of a special airflow auxiliary isolation system is used, high-pressure nitrogen is connected to an outer layer pipeline to push liquid resin in a forming area away and isolate the liquid resin from flowing into a layer air curtain, the dissimilar materials connected to an inner layer are directly formed in the area to be deposited through the sprayed vow, and the composite material is formed in situ in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials, so that the circulation is repeated, and the material increase manufacturing of the energy field restriction piece of the composite multiple materials is completed;

(4) and after the part entity after being processed is taken out, the surface is processed, and whether the corresponding function of each part in the part entity can be realized is tested, so that the processing and the preparation of the field restraining part are finally completed.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the method is beneficial to the development of novel energy field constraint structural member materials and instruments, provides an integrated manufacturing method for realizing the forming of composite materials, and solves the problems that the traditional processing method is difficult to process three-dimensional graphs and embed functional devices in the structure;

(2) the invention utilizes the surface exposure photocuring technology, combines with fused deposition or jet deposition, completes the additive manufacturing of dissimilar materials, and adds a functional device embedding or metal splicing station, thereby realizing the integrated forming of a complex energy field restraint part;

(3) the method has the advantages that the additive manufacturing technology is expanded to the manufacturing of the energy field constraint structural member, the processed sample member can completely abandon complex processes such as material splicing and the like, the optimization steps are realized, the process is simple, the assembly is avoided, the production period is short, the method is particularly suitable for product design research and development and small-batch production, and a new research field is developed for additive manufacturing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an additive manufacturing apparatus capable of field confining a material according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary station system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the in-tank material exchange system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the formation of the air flow assisted insulation composite of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a composite integrated additive manufacturing prototype of the invention;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a surface exposure system, a material liquid tank 2, a material liquid tank A, a material liquid tank 3, a cleaning tank 4, a hot air fan 5, a jet injection/extrusion module, a material liquid tank 6, a material liquid tank B, a forming part workbench 7, a material liquid tank 8, a rotating station bench 9, a lifting platform 10.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention takes the surface exposure technology molding material as a matrix, realizes the molding of dissimilar materials by other modes such as fused deposition or jet deposition, can select the insertion of an added functional device or a metal splicing station to realize the functions of adding the functional device and the like, and finally obtains the multifunctional high polymer material part.

As shown in fig. 1, the additive manufacturing apparatus based on the surface exposure composite multi-material energy field restraint of the present invention adopts an upper, middle and lower three-layer structure configuration, including an upper surface exposure system, a middle multi-station layer and a lower layer, wherein the three layers are connected by a mechanical component such as a truss to form an upper, middle and lower ladder configuration. The upper layer surface exposure system adopts the current DLP ultraviolet digital projection technology, and selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank by using a 405nm light source to be cured and formed on the lower layer; the multi-station layer comprises a cleaning tank, a material liquid tank, a hot air fan drying tank, a jet flow injection/extrusion module and the like, can finish the forming of various materials, and finishes the processing among different procedures through the rotary switching of the multi-station layer; and (3) realizing the forming of A, B materials and extruded materials on a forming part workbench of the underlying layer, and repeating the steps in such a way to complete the forming of the composite multi-material energy field restraint. The underlying layer in this embodiment is the forming member table.

The multi-station layer is positioned below the light source and comprises a cleaning tank, a plurality of material liquid tanks, a hot air fan drying tank and a jet flow spraying/extruding module, wherein the cleaning tank is cleaned by ultrasonic for 10-15 s; the hot air fan drying groove adopts hot air for drying, and the temperature is 20-30 ℃; different types of liquid light-cured materials are respectively contained in a plurality of material liquid tanks, and the liquid tanks are switched through the selection and the installation of stations so as to finish the light-cured forming of the different materials; the liquid light-cured material contained in the multi-material liquid tank is a liquid high polymer material added with ceramic, metal particles or fibers as a reinforcing phase, the proportion of the reinforcing phase is not more than 15 percent, and the liquid light-cured material can be used for forming more than three types of materials; the plurality of material liquid tanks are provided with heating and radiating devices to ensure that the temperature in the material liquid tanks meets the requirements; the upper layer surface exposure system adopts the current DLP ultraviolet digital projection technology, utilizes a 405nm light source, selectively projects a surface light source into a liquid tank, and solidifies and forms the lower layer.

And the forming of the composite multi-material additive manufacturing energy field restraint part is realized through multi-station switching. The component is suitable for energy field restraints such as ocean sensors and the like, and has a structural circuit integration function and high reliability. The forming part can automatically switch stations and adjust the processing height. A special air flow auxiliary isolation system is adopted, the system comprises a special extrusion/spraying module, after a certain single layer is exposed and cured, a double-layer spraying pipeline system is utilized, the outer layer utilizes the air flow auxiliary system to blow open liquid resin to be formed and form an air curtain, and the inner layer is connected with dissimilar materials to be formed in a spraying mode, so that the dissimilar materials are formed synchronously.

The working principle of the device is as follows: the surface exposure system provides a light source to realize the light curing forming energy source of liquid resin, the middle multi-station layer provides a cleaning station, a material liquid tank station, a drying station, a jet injection/extrusion module and the like, the forming, cleaning, drying and functional device embedding of forming parts can be realized, the stations are switched through rotation, the underlying forming part workbench realizes the material forming, and the forming part workbench can realize the up-and-down movement and can be switched among the multi-station layers. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: after the forming of the material A is finished in the material A liquid tank, a forming part workbench of the lower layer rotates to a cleaning tank for cleaning, then the forming part workbench is transferred to a hot air fan drying tank for drying, and then the forming part workbench is transferred to a material B liquid tank for forming the material B; if other dissimilar materials need to be added in midway, an air flow auxiliary isolation system is needed, the air flow auxiliary isolation system comprises a special jet flow injection/extrusion module, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: after a certain layer of light curing is finished, switching to an airflow auxiliary isolation system, utilizing the design of a double-layer pipeline in a jet injection/extrusion module, introducing high-pressure nitrogen into the outer layer, pushing liquid resin in a region to be formed away, forming an air curtain to isolate the liquid resin from flowing in, introducing dissimilar materials into the inner layer, and directly forming the region to be deposited in a spraying mode, wherein the in-situ forming of the composite material is realized in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment of the invention, the rotary station platform is arranged on the lifting platform, a plurality of material liquid tanks are all arranged on the rotary station platform, the forming part workbench can be immersed in different material liquid tanks and other stations, the forming part workbench can be switched between each material liquid tank and other stations through the rotation of the rotary station platform and the lifting of the lifting platform, and the surface exposure system is positioned above the forming part workbench to realize the energy input of the light source.

The energy field constraint part additive manufacturing method adopting the device comprises the following steps:

(1) establishing a three-dimensional model of the energy field constraint part to be processed by using three-dimensional modeling software in a computer, storing the three-dimensional model as an STL file after modeling is completed, partitioning the model file according to requirements required to be met by different material areas, and selecting different processing modes for different areas;

(2) importing the processed model file into a system, and selecting a corresponding processing mode by the system according to preset information;

(3) when the material B is required to be formed, the forming part workbench of the lower layer is lifted, then the lower workbench rotates to a cleaning tank and a hot fan drying tank along with the multi-station layer in sequence, and the formed part is cleaned and dried to prevent mutual pollution of material pieces; for the dissimilar materials needing to be synchronously formed, a jet flow injection/extrusion module of a special airflow auxiliary isolation system is used, high-pressure nitrogen is connected to an outer layer pipeline to push liquid resin in a forming area away and isolate the liquid resin from flowing into a layer air curtain, the dissimilar materials connected to an inner layer are directly formed in the area to be deposited through the sprayed vow, and the composite material is formed in situ in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials, so that the circulation is repeated, and the material increase manufacturing of the energy field restriction piece of the composite multiple materials is completed;

(4) and after the part entity after being processed is taken out, the surface is processed, and whether the corresponding function of each part in the part entity can be realized is tested, so that the processing and the preparation of the field restraining part are finally completed.

In this embodiment, the following is specifically mentioned:

1. and (3) establishing a three-dimensional model of the energy field constraint part (such as a sensor) to be processed by using three-dimensional modeling software in a computer, and storing the three-dimensional model as an STL file after modeling is finished. And partitioning the model file according to the requirements which need to be met by different material areas, and selecting different processing modes for different areas.

2. And importing the processed model file into printing software, selecting a corresponding processing mode by the software according to preset information, and automatically switching stations to adjust the processing position in the whole process according to programming.

3. In the processing process, materials such as ceramics, metal particles or fibers adopted when the matrix is formed by surface exposure are taken as liquid high polymer materials of the reinforcing phase, the adding proportion of the reinforcing phase is not more than 15 percent, and more than three types of the liquid high polymer materials can be selected. The surface exposure system adopts a high-efficiency high-precision array sub-pixel scanning large-size surface forming technology, and realizes high-efficiency high-precision forming on the basis of a micro-transmission array focusing patent technology.

4. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, after one type of liquid polymer-based material is formed, the liquid polymer-based material can be continuously formed according to actual requirements or switched to another station to form another type of liquid polymer-based material, and before the liquid tank is switched, the formed part needs to be cleaned and dried to prevent mutual pollution between the materials, and the above steps are repeated in such a cycle to realize multi-material additive manufacturing. In addition, other stations such as functional device embedding and metal material splicing stations can be added according to actual needs, so that the prepared energy field restraint piece product can meet different requirements

5. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the formation of the airflow-assisted insulation composite. For the heterogeneous materials needing to be synchronously formed, after a certain single layer is solidified, switching to a jet flow jet deposition system, using an air flow auxiliary isolation system, applying a special extrusion/injection module, introducing high-pressure nitrogen into the outer layer, blowing off the liquid resin in the region to be formed and forming an air curtain to isolate the liquid resin from flowing in, introducing the heterogeneous materials into the inner layer, directly forming the heterogeneous materials in the region to be deposited in an injection mode, and realizing the in-situ forming of the composite materials in the forming process under the condition of not polluting raw materials.

6. And after the part entity after being processed is taken out, the surface is processed, and whether the corresponding function of each part in the part entity can be realized is tested, so that the processing and the preparation of the field restraining part are finally completed. As shown in fig. 6, the composite material integrated additive manufacturing sample of the present invention is shown.

In summary, the invention is based on the manufacturing method of the surface exposure composite multi-material energy field restraint part, and adopts a multi-station switching system, a three-layer rotating structure design and a multifunctional working platform. The invention efficiently utilizes the forming space, saves the forming space due to the design of the rotating structure, reduces the cost and has compact structure of the whole system.